water. water is most abundant nutrient found in every cell, around the cell, in body fluids, and...
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Water
Water is most abundant nutrient found in every cell, around the cell, in body fluids,
and body cavities.
Water carries other dissolved nutrients around the body and assists in all their functions.
Water also aids in digesting food, removing wastes, regulating body temp, and cushioning vital organs.
Dehydration – not enough water in body tissues
Muscle cramps Death
We lose 2-3 quarts of water a dayWe need 2-3 quarts of water a day (6-8
glasses)
Physical activity can cause more
Amount of body weight that is water Females- 50% Males- 55%
Water Intoxication- Disturbance of brain functions that results when the normal balance of electrolytes in the body is pushed outside of the safe limit.
Vitamins
-Vitamins are not digested by the body.
-They are absorbed by the body’s tissues
-- Helps build bone and tissue
- Helps change carbs and fat into energy
-Vitamins do not provide energy to the body
-Needed in small amounts for life and growth and the prevention of diseases
-They work with carbs, proteins, and fat to promote growth and regulate body processes
Deficiency- having too little of a necessary substance
Fat Soluble Vitamins- dissolve in fat and are stored in the body. Found in oils, green vegetables, milk, eggs
Water Soluble Vitamins- do not stay in the body long. Are not stored in the body and must be eaten more often. Found in fruits and vegetables
Enriched Foods- Having had vitamins and minerals that were lost in the processing restored to them.
Fortified Foods- Vitamins and minerals that do not occur naturally are added to them.
Minerals
Minerals are non living chemical substances that comes from the soil.
Plants store minerals in their stems and leaves
Animals get minerals when they eat plants
The human body does not make minerals on its own- we need to get them from the foods we eat.
2 groupsMajor Minerals- 250 milligrams of each
every day-Calcium-Magnesium-Phosphorus-Sodium- Potassium-Chloride-Sulfur
Trace Minerals- Do not need nearly as much as major- but they are just as important as major
Iron Zinc Copper Iodine Fluoride
Osteoporosis- too little Calcium Hypertension- too much Sodium Anemia- too little Iron
Electrolytes-Sodium/Potassium which regulate water balance
Calorie- a measure of the energy content of food.
Hyperglycemia- blood sugar too high
Hypoglycemia- blood sugar too low
Ephedra- substance that increases metabolism. It is banned in US