water problem in delhi and its solution- ppt

[email protected], (M) 98100197531

IntroductionEssential elementRight to water as a part of right to lifeLimited supply but demand risingSupplying enough water at the same time conserving

it is a tough balance to be maintained Economic approaches like pricing of the resourceWater availability to the poor


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Objectives• To study the reach/penetration of municipal water

supply to households in different parts of Delhi.• To analyse the water price sensitivity of household

belonging to different income groups.• To draw conclusions regarding efficacy of pricing

policy to manage household water demand.• To compare water consumption by marginalized

households with the recommended norms.• To extend few policy suggestions regarding water

supply and pricing.


2 Stage Sampling

1) Location Sampling

2) Random sampling


Household perspectives Level of concern shown by respondents regarding water pollution

Respondents perspective regarding water

Percentage of respondents who are aware of any program or policy in Delhi regarding water conservation

Environmental sensitivity


Policy perspectiveRespondents perspective regarding private of distribution of water

Percentage of respondent’s favouring free drinking water for all

Water conservation

Best way to reduce water wastage

[email protected],(M) 98100197537

Sawada Trilokpuri Baljit Nagar

Jamia Nagar

Vasant

Kunj

Greater Kailash

Overall Rank

Awareness on the means of saving water at home

180 193 101 223 146 139 982 1st

Pricing of water 146 149 80 186 116 126 803 4th

Environmental benefits of saving water

147 169 106 217 145 141 925 2nd

Lower cost of water efficient equipment

104 141 102 196 136 133 812 3rd

Mandatory water restrictions (e.g. periodic bans on watering garden)

85 105 90 142 125 117 664 5th

Factors, which encourage households to reduce their water consumption

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Share of municipal water


Sources of drinking water

Frequency of municipal water supply


Satisfaction with quantity of water

Satisfaction with quality of water

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Price awareness

Expected demand responses to changes in water price

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Willingness to pay more for better quality or increased quantity

Proportion of income spent on water

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• India’s household water security is rated as 1 on a five point scale.

• In case of scarcity, worst sufferers are individuals with less economic means.

• Situation is worst when there is scarcity of an essential commodity.

To analyse the consumption by marginalized households, following have been used:

1) Percentage of people who have switched to cheaper or lower quality of water either because of less availability or low affordability of water.

2) Per capita household consumption of water per day in marginalised sample.


Consumption of cheap or low quality water

Requirement verses supply in unauthorized colonies

Requirement verses supply in Jhuggi Jhopadi colonies

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Present water consumption by households living in Sawada

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Organisation/ Area Domestic consumption

(liters/ capita/ day)

Japan International Cooperation Agency 274.4

2001 ‘Master Plan Of Delhi’ 265

Central Public Health Engineering and Environmental Organization 227

Bureau of Indian Standards 200

LD&I 150

Bureau of Indian Standards (LIG and EWS) 135

Sawada (Average) 49.48137

Sawada (Standard deviation) 44.8175

Recommended basic water requirements and consumption in Sawada

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Premise on which Privatization argument of DJB is based

There is large scale leakages in the existing network as part of Non Revenue Water

There is extreme shortage of Water.Condition of pipe lines used in the distribution

channels requires large scale repairs.

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Water Distribution Scenario 2012MGD

Water Through Different Sources 830Less : Leakages @ 40% (As per JICA) 332Water Distributed 498Less : Sewage Treatment Capacity 398Polluted Water Discharge 88

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• Experts say that if 332 mgd water leakage was there on daily basis then there will be large scale flooding everywhere.


Total Water Requirement of Delhi 2011

• JICA (274.4 lpcd * 18 million population).

•LD&I (150 lpcd * 18 million population).

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As per DJB Water Supply Figures.• 40% leakage loss is claimed by JICA out of actual production of 830 MGD is 332 mgd the remaining water is only being supplied in Delhi i.e. 498 mgd.

• LD&I report quotes that actual water being supplied is not 830 mgd but approximately 490 mgd.

• Example:-Sonia Vihar WTP Production - As per the flow measurement done on all the three emanating water mains the production of treated water is average 95 mgd only while the daily production from this plant is being claimed around 140 mgd.

• Water flows up, to surface due to higher density of earth below. As there is no visible leakages on the surface, therefore it can be said that there is no leakages.

• There are several equipments with DJB for detecting leakages. DJB LD&I report clearly shows negligible leakages after survey.

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The whole premise on which privatization argument is based is false

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• Own report of DJB LD&I’s report dated 14/5/12 says only 0.00015% leakages.

• On analysis we found that there is no overall shortage of Water.

• It says that there is sufficient life span left for the pipe lines.

• DJB is already taking care of NRW is following manners with claim to bring NRW below 10%.

a)Since there is negligible losses in the area hence the real increase of water supply through pipe replacement is not possible.

b) Water meters are already being installed by DJB through contractor with 5 years maintenance.

c) Billing system has already been handed over to Tata Consultancy Services to rectify unauthorized connections.


Privatization of Distribution and Management of Water Services• Existing good Infrastructure is being transferred to private sector without any cost to them.

• Initially the contractor are being awarded repairs contracts of total amount of around Rs 1100 crores for approximately 100000 connections which comes to a cost of Rs 1,10,000 per connection.

• Rate of operation charges being offered to contractor is Rs 4.15/KL, current rate of recovery is only 2.2/KL. Loss to DJB is 1.75KL.

• Figure of leakages have been manipulated and its own department report is being ignored.

• Shree P.K Tripathi the C.S of Delhi Govt. has given a statement in press declaring the LD&I’s report dated 14/5/12 false and baseless which has been subsequently denied by DJB.

• All four water PPP projects of Nangloi, Malviya Nagar, Mehrauli, and Vasant Vihar are prepared in the interest of the syndicate of corrupt contractors.

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Public supply of household water in Delhi• Highly uneven• Available water should be distributed based on minimum recommended water supply.• Drinkable quality of water should be supplied within the houses as currently either

bottled water is used for drinking or water purifiers are used.• Each area has its own specific problem hence should be dealt with individually.• Non availability of municipal water (like in Jamia Nagar) leads to exploitation of other

sources of water especially ground water. It should be checked.• Water should be supplied to unauthorized colonies as well because if they are allowed

to exist then they need water.• Water supply within the premises offers large health gains. These health gain can

especially be derived in low income areas like Sawada.• Areas like Trilokpuri where sewage and water pipelines are placed together, leakages

should be repaired immediately. DJB has equipments to detect these leakages.• Quality checks of water supplied by private vendor should be done on a regular basis.


Water pricingHouseholds are not very sensitive to prices of

water.The sensitivity and income of household are

inversely relatedPricing affects more the low income categories

who are consuming below norms and it has low effect on higher income groups.

In this sense it is a regressive policy.Hence pricing is not a good tool manage the

demand.


Consumption by marginalized

Water consumption by marginalized is far below the recommended norms.

Low consumption of water has serious health implications.

Water supply should be equitable.


Conservation

Best way is to spread public awareness on means to save water at home.

Sensitizing people towards environment is also a good way to conserve water.

Sufficient municipal supply will reduce unchecked ground water extraction.

Compulsory tank bells and penalties if water is overflowing by the local authorities.


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हमने यह ठाना है,

जल को हर चंगुल से मुक कराना है

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गोपाल कृषण अगवाल , अधयक (जलािधकार)[email protected]

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