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Water By Neil Bronks

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Water

ByNeil Bronks

Water is important

• 70% of the earth • 89% of the human body• Only 3% is fresh and most of that is

in the polar ice caps

Water is a compound

• Chemically bonded atoms of Oxygen and Hydrogen

2H2 + O2 2H2O

Page 4: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Ice Floats

• Most substances contract and get denser as they become a solid

More dense solid sinks

Page 5: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Ice Floats

• Ice expands and so floats on water. • Lucky for us

Less dense solid floats

Page 6: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Frozen Pond

Page 7: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Water Cycle

Page 8: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Water TreatmentScreening - Clean water passes through the screen and large objects do not

Page 9: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Sedimentation• Alum (Aluminium Sulphate) is added that

makes all the dirt stick together.• Most sinks

Page 10: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Then Filter through sand

Page 11: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Add Chlorine• Kills the bacteria

Page 12: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Add Fluorine• Prevents tooth decay

Page 13: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Water Treatment

Screening - Clean water passes through the screen and large objects do not pass

Sedimentation - Aluminium Sulphate is added. It is mixed slowly and then allowed to settle.

Filtration – passes through sandAdd chlorine to kill

bacteria. Add flourine to prevent tooth decay.

Page 14: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Page 15: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Page 16: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Page 17: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Desalination• Removing salt

Clear Plastic

Sea Water

Pure Water

Stone

Page 18: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Electrolysis of Water

Page 19: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Electrolysis of WaterWater separated into gases using electricitySome acid must be added to increase conduction

Page 20: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Algal Bloom

• Too much fertiliser or food waste can feed algae causing a harmful algal bloom

• This uses up all the oxygen and kills fish

http://serc.carleton.edu/images/microbelife/topics/red_tide_genera.v3.jpg

Page 21: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Hard and soft water• Add soap and mix

Add Soap solution

Hard WaterFew

BubblesOily scum

Soft WaterLots of

Bubbles

Page 22: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Hard Water

• Contains dissolved calcium and magnesium ions

• Forms scum when soap is used

• Scale on inside of pipes and kettles

Page 23: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Where hard water comes from

Acid Rain

Limestone

Water dissolves the limestone (Calcium Carbonate) and the calcium

ions make the water hard

Water that runs off straight to

rivers and lakes is soft water

Page 24: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Removing Hardness from water

• Distillation• Ion exchange with Zeolite

resins• Soft water better for industry

and plumbing• Hard water better for your

heart

Page 25: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Advantages and Disadvantages of Hard and

Soft Water

Advantage Disadvantage

HardGood for Heart and Beer

Scale in pipes

SoftGood for washing clothes

Girl children

Page 26: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

Summary

Page 27: Water By Neil Bronks Water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body Only 3% is fresh and most of that is in the polar ice caps

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