waste to energyeng.poscoenergy.com/eng/renew/_ui/down/waste_to_ energy_eng.pdf · posco energy...

Waste to Energy

Waste to Energy

1Waste to EnergyPOSCO ENERGY

Necessity and Expected effects

of Waste to Energy Business

Various Waste to Energy Business

at POSCO ENERGY

OverviewNo waste should be wasted any more. Waste is a valuable source of energy

POSCO ENERGY is reducing GHG(Greenhouse Gas) emissions by converting waste and

sewage heat into energy sources to replace fossil energy. We believes that ‘saving the earth’ is

no different from its mission, ‘Make a brighter world by providing cleaner energy’

POSCO ENERGY makes contribution to low carbon green growth by promoting

RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) project and Business using sewage heat.

Background Waste Treatment & Power Generation Facility

Energy · Global warming · Species loss

The Environment · Energy supply-demand imbalance

· Competition over energy procurement

The Economy · The increase of natural disasters

· Increase in environmental refugees

Crisis of humanity

Expected effects Business Using Sewage Heat for District Heating · Securing of

eco-friendly energy sources (RDF, Sewage heat, etc.)

· Reduction of GHG emissions

· Substitution for LNG and crude oilWaste to energy

Municipal Waste

Discharged effluent

MBT

Sewage Heat Recovery

Energy facility

District Heating Substation

Korea Power Exchange

Customers

2 3POSCO ENERGY Waste to Energy

Waste Treatment &

Power Generation Facility

RDF

(Refuse Derived Fuel)

Creating Energy and Reducing Environment Pollution

municipal waste used to be incinerated or buried. POSCO ENERGY separates and selected

only the inflammable waste and use it as fuel to produce electricity at designed boilers. The

heat generated through this process is supplied to district heating substations and various

industrial facilities.

POSCO ENERGY is also promoting the joint R&D activities with specialized research institutes

and expanding the relevant businesses at home and abroad.

03Manufacturing Process of RDF

Preparation for sorting

Sorting of organic matters, glass, etc.

Removal of nonflammables and high moisture material

Removal of substances(PVC, etc.) generating dioxin

Screening of recyclable material(iron, aluminum, etc.)

Being crushed to the size that efficient combustion is posible

MSW Refuse Shredder

Municipal Waste

Customers

Selection Process

Electricity

RDF

Power Generation

02Fluff RDF

Instead of Pellet RDF, fluff RDF is crushed into pieces ranging

between 120 and 150mm. It is an environmentally-friendlier

fuel than pelletized RDF because no fossil fuel (LNG or

diesel) must be burned during processing. This is also an

outstanding method in terms of resource recycling.

• RDF that has not been formed into pellets

01Pellet RDF

Pelletized RDF is produced by segregating inflammable

organic waste material from Municipal waste, and then drying

it to increase its calorific value before forming it into pellets

ranging from 10 to 100mm in size. Such pelletized fuel is used

mainly in Japan.

• RFD that has been formed into pellets

Particle Screening

Gravity Separation

Near-Infrared

Screening

Magnetic Separation

Secondary Crushing

RefuseDerived

Fuel


Busan Waste Treatment &


Project summary Project StructureThe Busan Waste Treatment & Power Generation Facility, the nation’s first RDF Power

Generation Facility, began construction in October 2010, is now under operation.

Approximately 30% of municipal waste in Busan is delivered to and sorted here. Busan E&E,

a partner of POSCO ENERGY, is in charge of operating. The facility will produce electricity for

40,000 households per year

Expected Effects· LNG Substitution : 70 million Nm³/year

· CO2 Reduction : 174 thousand tCO2/year

· Location

· Completion

· Project type

· Facility Capacity

Saenggok-dong, Ganseo-gu, Busan

October 2013

BTO (Build Transfer Operate)

· Waste Treatment Capacity : 900 tons/day (Production of Fluff RDF)

· Power Generation Capacity : 25MW

Project Operator- Busan E&E

Repayment

Loan

Dividend

Capital Investment

Disposal Cost of Municipal wastes

Donation

Payment

Power Sales


Construction Contract

- POSCO E&E and 2 others

Competent Authority- Busan

Banks

Investor- POSCO 70%

- TAEYOUNG E&C 30%


Wheel CraneRefuse Shredder

Trommel screen

Trommel screen

Combustible Dryer

Magnetic Separation Eddy current Separator

Magnetic Separation Eddy current Separator

Ferrous metal

Non-ferrous metal

Wind Force Seperator

Wind Force Seperator

Light articles Heavy articles

Heavy articles

Heavy articles

Light articles

Light articles

Heavy articles

Paper, Plastics

Vibrating Feeder

Screening by hands

Diaper, etc.

Landfill

Optical Sorting Machine for light articles

Wind Force Separator for light articles

Waste wood Crusher Waste wood Magnetic Separation

Flip flop Screen

Vibrating Feeder Optical Sorting Machine Ne

Over 200mm

Under 80mm

80~200mm

80~200mm

Over 200mm

Wheel CraneRefuse Shredder

Carrying in

Carrying in

Fe

Fe

Wind Force Separator for light articles

Combustible Crusher

Combustible Crusher

Flip flop Screen

20~80 mm Light articles

Process Distribution Diagram

(Fuelization Facility)

RDF Storage


SCR

By-PassLine

SAH HVAC

130。C

Carrying in

Legend

Fuel

Steam

Bottom Ash

Other

Process Distribution Diagram

(Power Generation Facilities)

RDF Input Hopper

Positive Blower

Air Preheater

Burner

Urea solution Carrying in

Urea solution Storage

Urea solution Supply Tank

Heat Recovery Boiler

Cyclone

Cyclone

Economizer

Sodium bicarbonate

Storage

Sodium bicarbonate

Crusher

Fuel Supply Ventilator

Bag Filter

Induced Draft Fan

SteamGasHeater

Liquor ammonia Storage Tank

Tank Lorry

Chimney

Boiler Superheater

Boiler Feed water Pump

Steam Gas Heater

Fly ash Storage

DeaeratorCondensate water Pump

Steam turbineSteam Header

Condensate water Tank

Air-cooledCondenser

Extraction Steam

Boiler drum

Fuel Storage Storage

Boiler ash Storage

Boiler ash Storage

Boiler ash Transportation

system

Funace with Circulating

Fluidized Bed

Air Preheater

MetalSeparator

Separated Bottom Ash Container

Sorting Bottom Ash Storage

Carrying out Carrying out

Fluid Sand

Carrying in

Fluid Sand Storage

Bottom Ash Storage

BoostingBlower

Fuel Storage

Tank

Funace with Circulating Fluidized Bed


Pohang Waste Treatment &


The company was selected as a priority negotiator in March 2011 and is currently in

negotiations with the government, with a plan for construction to start in 2013 and end in 2016.Project summary

· Location

· Project leader selection

· Project type

· Facility Capacity

39-3 Ho-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, N. Gyeongsang Province

August 2013

BTO (Build Transfer Operate)

· Waste Treatment Capacity : 500 tons/day (Production of Fluff RDF)

· Power Generation Capacity : 12MW

Expected Effects· LNG Substitution : 34million Nm³/year

· CO2 Reduction : 84 thousand tCO2/year

Project Operator- Pohang E&E

Repayment

Loan

Dividend

Capital Investment

Disposal Cost of Municipal wastes

Donation

Payment

Power Sales


Construction Contract

Competent Authority- Pohang

BanksInvestor

- POSCO 70%- POSCO E&C 30%

Project Structure


Business Using Sewage Heat


Business Using Sewage Heat

for District Heating

Overview

· Principles of Heat Pump Operation

Producing Heat energy (100%) using electrical energy(20~30%) and sewage Heat

Energy(70~80%)

· Heat Pump The heat pump utilizes the vaporization or condensation heat of a coolant to move heat from a low-temperature source to a high-temperature source (or vice-versa). Waste heat sources and low-cost heat sources are used to make this system practical.

Domestic sewage is discharged with the temperature into the river. POSCO ENERGY recovers

such wasted heat energy by using a heat pump for district heating.

20~30%(Electrical Energy)

70~80%(Sewage Heat Energy)

100%(Heat Supply)

Equity (50%)

Offering Land/Sewage (Enforcement Agreement)

Heat Supply(Heat supplying Contract)

Own the facility(After project)

Heating Cost

EPC ContractEPCContractor

Lender&(5%)

(95%) Debt (50%)

Project Structure

Tancheon E&E (SPC)Producing /

Supplying Sewage Heat


Sewage Heat Recovery Process

The domestic sewage discharged from the southeast of the metropolitan area is treated

at the Tancheon Water Reuse Center before being discharged into the Han River through

Tancheon. The amount of daily discharge after treatment stands at 1.1million Nm3 at the

average temperature during winter of 12℃. POSCO ENERGY recovers such wasted heat

energy by using a heat pump fordistrict heating, which has the same effect as substituting

19million Nm3 of LNG, per year. The use of wasted energy instead of fossil fuel can contribute

to reducing the annual GHG emissions by 44,000tons

Sewage flow Thermal flow inside heat pump District Heating Water Flow

Electric Power Supply

Was

tew

ater

Effl

uent

s(7 ℃

)

110℃

70℃

55℃

Was

tew

ater

Effl

uent

s(12

℃)

RiverHouse

Complex

Sewage Treatment Plant District Heating

Substation

05 Expansion Valve

03 Compressor

Heat Adsorption

Thermal Emission

02 HeatExchanger(Evaporator)

01

Refrigerant · Low temp : 7℃· Low pressure : 6kg/cm2

· State: Liquid · Gas


· State: Liquid


· State: Gas


· State: Gas

04 Heat Exchanger (Condenser)

Compressor

Tancheon Water Reuse Center Using

Sewage Heat for Distric Heating

Project summary

Expected benefits· LNG consumption reduction : 19 million Nm3/yr

· CO2 emission reduction : 44,000t/yr

· Location

· Scheduled completion

· Capacity

Tancheon Sewage Treatment Plant

2014

200,000Gcal/year

Domestic Sewage

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