waste in textiles

8/13/2019 Waste in Textiles

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Recycling Process ofTextile Waste


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.Textile Recycling

Textile industry is accused of being one of

the most polluting industries. Not only

production but consumption of textiles

also produces waste.

Textile recycling is the reuse as well as

reproduction of fibresfrom textile waste.
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.Classification of Textile Waste

Pre-consumer or Post-consumer textile waste.

Pre-consumer textile waste is the leftovers or

by-products from textile-, fiber- or cotton

industries.

Post-consumer textile waste is the waste of

fleece, flannel, corduroy, cotton, nylon,denim, wool, and linen, which have already

passed through the consumer market.


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Pre-consumer waste

Textile waste arised during yarnsand fabric

manufacturing, apparel-makingprocesses

and from the retail industry. They are thepost-industrial waste.

Apart from these textile wastes otherwastes such as PET bottles etc. are also

used for recycling polyester fiber.
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Post-consumer waste

Average lifetime of any clothingis deemedto be for about 3 years, after which, they are

thrown away as old clothes. Sometimes

unfashionable, or undesirable clothes are

also thrown away. These are post-consumerwaste.

Most recovered household textiles coming

to these organizations, are sold or donated.

The remaining ones go to either a textilerecovery facility or the landfill.
http://www.teonline.com/apparel-garments/clothing/http://www.teonline.com/apparel-garments/clothing/


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In general, there are four ways of

handling the waste. In order of

priority, they are:

1. Source Reduction

2. Recycling

3. Incineration

4. Landfills

Waste Management


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To have little or even zero waste Source

Reduction is generally the first step that

should be considered in an integratedwaste management system.

E.g. Avoiding waste generation, Internal

reuse of waste, reuse in other products

etc.

Source Reduction


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It is a process of burning the solid waste to

recover the heat energy. E.g. PP has

same heat value as that of gasoline.

Textile waste e.g. Short, shredded, loose

fibers can also be reincorporated into a

palatalized fuel.

Incineration


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It should be the last alternative in an

integrated Waste management system.

Textile waste in landfill contributes to the

formation of leachate as it decomposes,which has the potential to contaminate

both surface and groundwater sources.

The decomposition of organic fibers and

yarn such as wool produces large

amounts of ammonia as well as methane.

Land Fills


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Recycling is a key concept of modern

waste management. Recycling is the

reprocessing of waste materials into new

or reusable products.

The least expensive and least adverse

effect on the environment is when a

component can be recycled into its originalproduct.

Recycling


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So how do textiles impact on the

environment?

Textile products have a large impact on theenvironment.

This is because at every stage of the products life cycle,

energy and resources are used and waste is produced.


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A Throwaway Society?The fashion industry encourages consumers to

continually update their wardrobes with the latest

fashion trends.

If a product is thrown out as refuse, it will be put into a

Landfill site or incinerated


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How does Manufacturing of

Textiles affects environmentDyeing and finishing processes use lots of chemicals. For

example...

- Chemical dyes

- Resins to make fabrics shrink proof

- Softeners to improve the feel of the fabric

In addition to producing lots of chemical waste they...

-Require energy to drive the machinery

- Use and contaminate large volumes of water.


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Most of the solid waste goes to landfill sites and themolecular waste goes into the atmosphere, oceans,

rivers, ground water, soil or plants

How does Manufacturing of

Textiles affects environment


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How does Laundry and aftercare

affects environment

Most textile products need cleaning and maintaining

throughout their life.

This is done through processes like......

washing, dry cleaning and ironing


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Waste Textiles

Possible methods of reusing and reducing textile waste....

To use computerised ______________ and pattern cutting

To use fabric scraps within the ___________ industry

To look at ways of using waste textiles in the manufacture of

_______ textile products

Lay planning

automotive

new


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Renewable Sources of Energy

Industry depends on fossil fuels such as _______,

_________ and natural gas

Production methods need to be improved to consume less

______________, and companies are trying to use

alternative technologies such as _________ or __________

power

oil

coal

energy

water wind


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Why Recycle Textiles?

Carbon footprint reduction

Clean air preservation

Reduce energy consumption Water conservation

Woodland conservation

Pressure on fresh resources too is reduced. The requirement of landfill space is reduced.


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What Can Be Recycled?

Usable clothing

Unusable clothingtorn, stained, missing

buttons, broken zippers Household textiles (curtains, table linens,

bedding, blankets, hats, shoes, ties, handbags,belts, stuffed toys, etc.)

Many of our members recycle books, cds,tapes, and hard toys as well!


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Where Do Recycled Textiles Go?

45% used for secondhand apparel

30% become wiping and polishing cloths

20% reprocessed into fibers

5% is unusable


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Recycled process of textiles

Fabrics removed from bale manually or with a

bale cutter

Fabric pieces blended

Fabrics cut with a rotary blade

"Picking/' "pulling," "tearing" process-

uses spiked surfaces on drums to separatefibers from fabric


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Recycled process of textiles (cont.)

Blending - sandwich type, or mixed in a chamber

Baled

Willowing (a possible process) - similar to

carding. Opens entangled, matted fibers

Garnetting (also possible) - reduces cord, yarn,

filament, fabric trim to fiber.


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Gary Harvey

Denim dress made from

42 pairs of Levi jeans!

Gary Harvey

Dress made from recycled sweet

wrappers!

Designers that make their garments from

recycled goods


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Textile Recycling Drives the Economy

Job creation

Market creation

Small business promotion

Charitable funding

Recycled product development

Creates affordable clothing

opportunity


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The Challenges of Textile Recycling

It is very labor-intensive. Everything is touched

by human hands.

Textiles MUST always be kept clean and DRYso they cannot be co-mingled

SMART is primarily made up of small companies

with limited resources for PR efforts.


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What Must Change?

More education, especially in

schools

Public Service Announcements Edits or Regulations prohibiting

disposal of textiles

Changes in labeling laws to allowfibers made from ground up clothing

to be used as furniture stuffing,

mattress stuffing, etc.


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What Must Change?

Municipalities requiring public worksor schools to only use wiping ragsmade from recycled textiles ratherthan paper

Municipalities locating collectionboxes in key areas (near recreation

fields, school grounds, etc.) Government tax incentives for textile

recyclers to invest in equipment

waste in textiles

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