warm-up#21 feb. 9
DESCRIPTION
The western part of California is located on a boundary between two tectonic plates. Would most of the metamorphic rock in that occur in small patches or wide regions? How do you know?. Warm-up#21 Feb. 9. Chapter 3. Rocks. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
WARM-UP #21 FEB. 9
The western part of California is located on a boundary between two tectonic plates. Would most of the metamorphic rock in that occur in small patches or wide regions? How do you know?
![Page 2: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 3
ROCKS
![Page 3: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ROCKS A rock is any solid mass of mineral or
mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet.
There are 3 major type: Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic
![Page 4: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
THE ROCK CYCLE Shows the relationship among the
three rock types . Proposed by James Hutton in the late
1700s. Interactions among Earth’s water, air,
land, and living things can cause rocks to change from one form to another
The continuous processes that cause rock to change make up the rock cycle
![Page 5: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
THE ROCK CYCLE Magma – molten material that forms
deep beneath Earth’s surface Cools and hardens as the result of volcanic
eruption Igneous rocks form
Undergo weathering form Sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary rocks in time morph into metamorphic rocks
![Page 7: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WEATHERING Process in which rocks are physically
and chemically broken down What types of things do this?
Water Air Living things
Weathered materials are called sediments
![Page 8: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ROCK CYCLE The full rock cycle doesn’t always have
to happen. Sedimentary rock can melt. Igneous rock can morph. Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks
can be weathered.
![Page 9: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DOES THAT ROCK HAVE A FUTURE? http://www.sascurriculumpathways.com Login, quick launch # is 71 Read the introduction pages Reseach and respond to the questions
provided. Do this on a separate sheet of paper
![Page 10: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
WARM-UP #19 FEB. 7
Texture Coarse-grained Fine-grained Glassy Porphyritic
Composition Granitic Basaltic Andesitic
Texture and composition are two characteristics used to classify igneous rock
![Page 11: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ROCKS Rocks are considered the building
blocks of the Earth
Rock is defined as a group of minerals bound together in some way
There are three types
![Page 12: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
TYPES Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
![Page 13: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
IGNEOUS Igneous rocks form from
magma
Magma comes in different types Felsic Mafic
There are 2 types of igneous rocks Intrusive Extrusive
![Page 14: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
FELSIC MAGMA High in silicates Light in color Typically forms at the top of a
magma chamber
![Page 15: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
MAFIC MAGMA Low in silicates Higher in magnesium and iron Dark colored Typically forms at the bottom of the
magma chamber
![Page 16: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
INTRUSIVE Form underneath the Earth’s surface as
magma cools and solidifies These rocks tend to have visible
mineral crystals because of the slow cooling
![Page 17: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
COMMON INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS Granite
Diorite
Rhyolite
![Page 18: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS Forms outside Earth’s crust Cools quickly Very few mineral crystals are visible
![Page 19: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
COMMON EXTRUSIVE ROCKS Obsidian
Pumice
Basalt
![Page 20: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
DICHOTOMOUS KEY FOR IGNEOUS ROCKS
Are your rock grains sand-sized or smaller?
No
No
No
No
Does your rock contain quartz?
Is your rock mostly dark colored?
Granite
Does your rock look like black glass?
Will your rock float on water?
Does your rock contain quartz?
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Gabbro
Diorite
Obsidian
Basalt
Rhyolite Andesite
![Page 21: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
WARM-UP #20 FEB. 8 How do igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic rocks differ?
What powers Earth’s rock cycle?
![Page 22: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS All sedimentary rocks start as small
pieces called sediment Sediment is then compacted and
cemented into rocks
![Page 23: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
FORMATION Weathering is usually the first step in
the formation Chemical weathering takes place
when minerals in rocks change into new substances
Physical weathering takes place when minerals or rocks just break into smaller pieces
![Page 24: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
FORMATION Sediment doesn’t usually stay in one
place It is moved by water, wind, ice, gravity Erosion – weathering and removal When the agent of erosion loses power
or energy, it drops the sediment
![Page 25: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
FORMATION Compaction – process that squeezes
sediments Cementation takes place when
dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among sediments
![Page 26: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
CLASSIFICATION Two main categories
Clastic Chemical
![Page 27: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
CLASTIC Made by weathered bits of rocks and
minerals Then grouped by size of the sediment
Conglomerate – large rounded particles Breccia – angular pieces Sandstone – pieces the size of sand Shale – very fine-grained sediment Siltstone – another fine-grained category
![Page 28: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
CHEMICAL Formed when dissolved minerals
precipitate from water solutions Limestone
![Page 29: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
METAMORPHIC ROCKS Formed when rocks and minerals
undergo changes caused by heat, pressure and chemical fluids.
![Page 30: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
METAMORPHISM Contact metamorphism
Hot magma moves into rocks Brings minor changes Marble often forms from this
Regional metamorphism Large-scale deformation and high-grade
metamorphism May occur during mountain building
![Page 31: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
AGENTS OF METAMORPHISM Heat – MOST IMPORTANT
Provides energy to drive a reaction Comes from magma and change in temp.
with depth Pressure – increases with depth
Cause rock to flow Hydrothermal solutions
![Page 32: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
CLASSIFICATION - TEXTURE Foliated
More compact More dense
Nonfoliated Doesn’t have a banded texture Contains only one mineral
![Page 33: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/
![Page 34: Warm-up#21 Feb. 9](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051219/568162db550346895dd3620f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
TICKET OUT THE DOOR
1. Draw a quick sketch of the rock cycle.
2. What types of things cause weathering and erosion