warm up. warm up answers theorem and proof a theorem is a statement or conjecture that has been...
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Theorem and ProofTheorem and Proof
A A theoremtheorem is a statement or conjecture that has is a statement or conjecture that has been shown to be true. been shown to be true.
Theorems can be used like a definition or Theorems can be used like a definition or postulate to justify other statements are true.postulate to justify other statements are true.
A A proofproof is a logical argument in which each is a logical argument in which each statement made is supported by a statement statement made is supported by a statement that is accepted as true.that is accepted as true.
A A paragraph proofparagraph proof or or informal proofinformal proof is one is one type of proof.type of proof.
2.5 Algebraic Proof2.5 Algebraic Proof
Algebraic proofs use algebra to write two-Algebraic proofs use algebra to write two-column proofs.column proofs.
Two-Column ProofsTwo-Column Proofs or or formal proofsformal proofs contains contains statements and reasons organized into 2 statements and reasons organized into 2 columns.columns. Each step is called a statement and the properties Each step is called a statement and the properties
that justify each step are called the reasons. that justify each step are called the reasons.
Properties of Equality for Real Properties of Equality for Real NumbersNumbers
Reflexive PropertyReflexive Property: a = a: a = a Symmetric PropertySymmetric Property: if a = b, then b = a: if a = b, then b = a Transitive PropertyTransitive Property: if a=b, and b=c, then a=c: if a=b, and b=c, then a=c Addition Property:Addition Property: if a=b, then a+c = b+c if a=b, then a+c = b+c Subtraction PropertySubtraction Property: if a=b, then a-c = b-c: if a=b, then a-c = b-c Multiplication/DivisionMultiplication/Division: if a=b, then ac = bc: if a=b, then ac = bc Substitution PropertySubstitution Property: if a=b, then : if a=b, then aa may be may be
replaced by replaced by bb in any equation or expression in any equation or expression Distributive PropertyDistributive Property: a(b+c) = ab + ac: a(b+c) = ab + ac
ExampleExample
Complete the following proof.Complete the following proof.Given: 5- ½ x = 1Given: 5- ½ x = 1Prove: 8 = xProve: 8 = xStatementsStatements ReasonsReasons1.1. 5 – ½ x = 15 – ½ x = 1 1. Given1. Given2.2. 5 – ½ x – 5 = 1 – 55 – ½ x – 5 = 1 – 5 2. ____________2. ____________3.3. - ½ x = -4- ½ x = -4 3. ____________3. ____________4.4. ______________________________ 4. Multiplication4. Multiplication5.5. x = 8x = 8 5. _____________5. _____________6.6. 8 = x8 = x 6. _____________6. _____________
AnswerAnswer
Complete the following proof.Complete the following proof.Given: 5- ½ x = 1Given: 5- ½ x = 1Prove: 8 = xProve: 8 = xStatementsStatements ReasonsReasons1.1. 5 – ½ x = 15 – ½ x = 1 1. Given1. Given2.2. 5 – ½ x – 5 = 1 – 55 – ½ x – 5 = 1 – 5 2. 2. SubtractionSubtraction3.3. - ½ x = -4- ½ x = -4 3. 3. SubstitutionSubstitution4.4. -2( ½ x) = -2(-4)-2( ½ x) = -2(-4) 4. Multiplication4. Multiplication5.5. x = 8x = 8 5. 5. SubstitutionSubstitution6.6. 8 = x8 = x 6. 6. Symmetric Prop.Symmetric Prop.