warm up a solution has a h+ ion concentration of 3.5 x 10 -8 m. a. what is the ph? b. what is the...
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Warm Up
A solution has a H+ ion concentration of 3.5 X 10-8 M.a. What is the pH?b. What is the [OH-]?c. What is the pOH?d. Would the litmus paper turn color?e. What color would the cabbage juice turn?
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Warm Up
A solution has a H ion concentration of 3.50 X 10-8 M.a. What is the pH? 7.46 b. What is the [OH-]? 2.88 X 10-7 Mc. What is the pOH? 6.54d. Would the litmus paper turn color?e. What color would the cabbage juice turn?
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Red cabbage contains a pigment Molecule called flavin that turns color in the presence of H+ and OH- ions
pH Color2 Red4 Purple6 Violet8 Blue10 Blue/Green12 Green/Yellow
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Lab Debrief / Calculations
1. What color did the strong acids turn?2. What color did the strong bases turn?3. Were food products primarily acids or bases?4. Were cleaning products primarily acids or
bases?5. What did you notice about the bleach?6. Were there any surprises?7. What did you learn about litmus paper?
Is it a good quantitative measure of pH?
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How did you do on the WS?
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3 Definitions of Acids and Bases
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Arrhenius Acids and Bases
Acid- compounds containing hydrogen that ionize to yield H+ ions in aqueous solutions.
Base- compounds that ionize to yield hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions.
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Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
Acid- hydrogen-ion donor
Base hydrogen-ion acceptor
HNO3 + H2O NO3 + H3O
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Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Basesalways travel in pairs
Reactant side
Acid- hydrogen-ion donor
Base hydrogen-ion acceptor
Product side
Conjugate acid- product formed when a base accepts a H+.
Conjugate base- product formed when an acid has donated a H+.
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HNO3 + H2O NO3 + H3O
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Identify the following as Bronsted-Lowry acids or bases.
1. HNO3 + LiOH LiNO3 + HOH
2. 2HBr + Ca(OH)2 CaBr2 + 2HOH
Which are the conjugate acids and bases?
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Lewis Acids and Bases
Where have your heard that name before??
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Lewis Acids and Bases
This is a more general concept and works to include compounds that may not have H+ or OH-.
Acid- a substance that accepts a pair of electrons
Base- a substance that can donate a pair of electrons
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Draw the Lewis dot structures for
NH3 and BF3
Which would be the Lewis Acid? Base??
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Strong Acids and BasesStrong Acids- ionize completely in
aqueous solution.
Weak Acids – only partially ionize in solution
Strong Bases- ionize completely.
Weak Bases- partially ionize.
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Let’s talk about neutralization reactions!!
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Warm Up
Predict the products and balance the following reaction
KOH + H2SO4
How many grams of sulfuric acid is needed to neutralize 2.76g of potassium hydroxide.
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Vocab Terms
Binary acid- contains two different elements, H and something else.
Polyprotic acid- contains two or more H+ ions.
Oxyacid- compound with H, O and a 3rd element (typically a nonmetal).
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Classify the acids--
Are they binary, polyprotic or an oxyacid?
HCl
H2SO4
HNO3
H3PO4
HC2H3O2
H2CO3
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Who remembers the 6 acids that you had to memorize?
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Identify the following as Bronsted-Lowry acids or bases.
1. H2SO4+ Ca(OH)2 HOH + CaSO4
2. 2HF + Mg(OH)2 CaF2 + 2HOH
Which are the conjugate acids and bases?
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How did you do on pH calculations?
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How about the neutralization problems?
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Quiz
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Go to the titration ppt.