warm up
DESCRIPTION
Warm Up. Thursday, February 14, 2013 What elements are found in carbohydrates? What elements are found in proteins?. Ecology #1. Objectives. Categorize ecology terms for describing the different stages of an ecosystem. Describe the difference between abiotic and biotic factors. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Warm Up Thursday, February 14, 2013
1. What elements are found in carbohydrates?
2. What elements are found in proteins?
ECOLOGY #1
Objectives1. Categorize ecology terms for
describing the different stages of an ecosystem.
2. Describe the difference between abiotic and biotic factors.
3. List real world examples of autotrophs and heterotrophs.
Ecology Ecology =
study of interactions among organisms & their surroundings (environment)
Species= group of organisms that can breed & produce fertile offspring Example: Cave Shrimp Non-example: Mules
Question? Why isn’t a mule an example
of a species?
Population= group of organisms that belong to the same species & live in the same area. Example: group of cave
shrimp in a single cave
Community= group of different populations that live together in a defined area Example: cave shrimp,
isopods, amphipods, & bacteria (in an underwater cave)
Ecosystem= Collection of all organisms that live in a particular place, together w/ non-living or physical environment. Example: Cave
System in Bermuda
Biome= group of ecosystems that have the same climate & similar dominant communities Example: desert, tundra, rain
forest.
Biosphere= part of the earth & its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life Made up of:
land water air (atmosphere)
Put it all together! Draw a series of 5 circles: smallest in the
center & largest on the outside. Put the following terms in the circles to show how they fit together.
Terms: Biome Biosphere Community Population Ecosystem
Putting it all together
Biology= study of lifeLatin Root: Bio = Life
= any living component that affects another organism Examples:
CompetitorsPredatorsPreyDisease (Bacteria)
Biotic Factors
Abiotic Factors= physical or nonliving things that shape an ecosystem Examples:
SoilWeatherLightWater
Niche= ecological role & space an organism fills in its environment/ecosystem Example:
Bee acts as a pollinator in its ecosystem
Sunlight = MAIN source of energy for life on Earth!
Energy
Autotrophs= Organism makes own food for energy Latin Roots
Auto = self Troph = nutrition/energy
Examples: plants, algae, some bacteria
2 types:1) Chemoautotroph – make own food using chemicals.2) Photoautotroph – make own food using light.
AKA PRODUCERS
Heterotrophs= Organisms rely on other organism for food (eat other organisms) Latin Roots
Hetero – different Troph – nutrition/energy
AKA CONSUMERS Example: mammals,
birds, fish
Carnivore= Organism eats only meat Example: Lion
Herbivore= organism eats only plants Example: zebra
Omnivore Organisms eat both plants &
animals Example: Baboons
Detritivore Organisms eat dead or
decaying matter AKA Scavenger Example: vulture
Decomposer Organisms that break down
dead or decaying matter externally, then take it in.
Example: fungus
Use those vocabulary words!
Provide a different example of each of the following on the next blank page: Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Detritivore Decomposer Autotroph HeterotrophUse a different color for each!
Warm Up Friday, February 15, 2013 What type of biomolecule is
represented by the following image?
ECOLOGY #2
Objectives1) List the important levels in a
food chain2) Create a food web for a real
world organism.
Food Chain
Autotroph/producer
Heterotroph/1st (primary) level consumer
herbivore
Heterotroph/2nd (secondary) level consumer
omnivore
Heterotroph/3rd (tertiary)level consumer
carnivore
Trophic Levels= Energy levels in a food chain or food web Each level receive ONLY 10%
of the previous trophic level’s energy
INEFFICIENT!!!
Time to think! How much energy
will the rabbit get from his meal?
How much energy will the lion get from his meal?
Why doesn’t the rabbit get 1000Kg of energy from the grass?
Food Chain
Autotroph/producer
Heterotroph/1st (primary) level consumerherbivore
Heterotroph/2nd (secondary) level consumer
omnivore
Heterotroph/3rd (tertiary) level consumer
carnivore
Trophic levels
100%
10%
1%
0.1%
Create a Food Web1) Select an organism you
want to learn more about Determine what type of environment it lives in
2) Determine the predators and prey items in that environment
3) Draw the food web (Use names or pictures.)
List the producers. List the primary consumers. List the secondary
consumers. Label each animal as
herbivore, carnivore or omnivore.
Computer Log In User name:
1st 5 letters Last Name (lowercase), 1st 3 letters 1st Name (lower case), 000
Example: malonbri000 Password:
Student ID #Lunch #
Warm Up Monday, February 18, 2013
1.What is the function of an enzyme?
2. What 3 letters do most enzymes end in?
ECOLOGY #3
Objectives1. Compare and contrast the
different types of symbiotic relationships.
2. Give real world examples of the 5 different types of symbiotic relationships.
3. Determine the carrying capacity from a graph.
Symbiotic Relationships
Symbiosis = any relationship btw 2 organisms that live closely together
5 types……
1) Predation= interaction where one
organism hunts & kills anotherPredator – hunterPrey – food
Example: lion hunting zebra
2) Mutualism= relationship where both
organisms benefit Example: bees & flowers
3) Commensalism= relationship where 1
organism benefits & other is neither harmed or benefited
Example: whales & barnacles
4) Parasitism= relationship where 1
organism benefits & other is harmed
Example: tick & dog mosquito & human
5) Competition= relationship where 1
organism competes with another for food, shelter, mate, etc.
Using the vocabulary: Give an example from one of our
ecosystems for each of the following terms.CompetitionParasitismMutualismCommensalismPredationUse a different color for each!
Carrying Capacity= amount of life an ecosystem can
support w/ its resources Balance between life (reproduction)
& death Birth rate vs
death rate
Carrying Capacity What is the
carrying capacity in this graph?
Why is the purple line going up and down?
Carrying Capacity Word Problem
1) Add title to Table of Contents2) Turn to next blank page & add title3) Write definition of carrying capacity (1st
sentence on the front of the paper)4) Answer Questions on the back of the
paper in COMPLETE SENTENCESQuestion #1 – 2 sentencesQuestion #2 – 3 sentences
Warm Up Tuesday, February 19, 2013 Looking at the graph below,
adding an enzyme to the reaction lowers the what?
Objectives1. Interpret a graph to determine
the carrying capacity for a population.
2. Evaluate the resources available for a population to predict the future trends in a carrying capacity graph.
Carrying Capacity Lab & Food Web
Worksheet (Periods 3-7)
Monday’s Notes (Periods 1 & 2)
Warm Up Wednesday, February 20,
2013 What type of diagram is
represented by the following image?
ECOLOGY #4:IMPORTANT CYCLES ON
EARTH
Objectives1. List the major components of
the carbon cycle.2. Predict the real world effect of
an unbalanced carbon cycle.3. List the major components of
the nitrogen cycle.
The Water Cycle Moves
between the ocean, atmosphere (atm), & land
Carbon CycleCarbon (C) is the key ingredient for ALL living tissue
Carbon Release In the atmosphere (atm), C is
present as Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2) CO2 is released into atm by:
1. Volcanoes2. Respiration (when you exhale)3. Human activities: burning fossil
fuels & vegetation4. Decomposition of organic matter
Taken in Plants take in CO2 during
photosynthesis Use the CO2 to build carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are passed along in the food webs to animals & other consumers
Decomposition Animals die C is released & passed back into the
atm
Time to Think! Explain what is
happening in box #1. Burning fossil fuels
releases C into the atmosphere.
Explain what is happening in box #2. We breath out C.
Explain what is happening in box #3. Plants use CO2 for
photosynthesis.
#1 #2#3
The Nitrogen Cycle All
organisms require Nitrogen (N) to make amino acids
Make up proteins
The Nitrogen Cycle N2 gas makes up 78% of the atm Nitrogen Fixation = Bacteria
living in the soil fix it so we can use itConvert N2 gas into ammonium
NH4N2 → 2NH4
Decomposers Consumers eat
the producers & reuse the N to make proteins
When organisms die, decomposers return nitrogen to the soil as ammonia
Denitrification
= bacteria converts the nitrates to N2 gas & returns to the atm NO3 N2
Avid Thinking Strategy
• Map News!
Topic: One of the cycles we discussed
today
How does thisAffect me? Name of
SourceDate
Science Fact
ConclusionCluesEvidence
New Vocabulary
Branch ofScience
(Biology)
Warm Up Thursday, February 21, 2013 Draw an energy hill diagram
on the following graph. Include a curve for w/ & w/o an enzyme.
ECOLOGY #5:SUCCESSION
Objectives1. Compare and contrast primary
and secondary succession.2. List real world examples of
succession.
Succession= series of natural changes that take place in environment
2 Types of Succession1. Primary Succession = takes place over
land where there are NO LIVING organisms.
- Very slow process! - Example: Lava from a volcano destroys
everything in its path. ( no soil )
2 Types of Succession2. Secondary Succession = changes which take place AFTER an existing community is severely disrupted. - occurs in an area that previously contained life on land that still contains soil. - Example: hurricane, forest fire, tornado
Species & SuccessionPioneer Species = 1st species to occupy an area undergoing primary succession Example= Lichen
Climax CommunityClimax community = stable, mature community that undergoes little or no change in species.
***It can last for hundreds of years***
Ecology Gems of Wisdom
Warm Up Friday, February 22, 2013
Define carrying capacity in your own words.
Ecology Unit Exam