04/20/2014ClickerQuestionWhathappenedhere?GlobalizationTechnologydrivendeindustrializationSomeonecouldntmaketheirmortgagepaymentsPoliticsdrivenshiftinmanufacturingAlloftheaboveEconomic(income)inequalitytodayisgreatestWithinadvancedindustrializedcountriesWithindevelopingcountriesBetweenadvancedindustrializedanddevelopingcountriesBetweenworldcitizensingeneralWorldGINICoefficient:AmeasurementoftheincomedistributionofacountrysresidentsNumberrangesbetween0and1BasedonresidentsnetincomeHelpsdefinethegapbetweenthericeandthepoorWith0representingperfectequality1representingperfectinequalityTogetoftotalincomeyouneed

Almost92%ofthepoorestOrabout8%oftherichestThebottom50%ofthepopulationreceives6.6%oftotalincomeThetop1%ofpopulationreceivesAbout13%oftotalincomeThus6milliontoppeoplereceiveasmuchas3+billionpoorest(ratio5001)%Ofpeoplewhoare25%aboveorbelowthemedianincomeis14%TheworldisasmiddleclassorlessthanPanamaGlobalizationTheprocessesthatareincreasingtheinterconnectednessoftheworld(Mintz2011,42)Distinguishglobality(condition)fromglobalization(trend)GlobalityIstheendstateofglobalizationHypotheticalconditioninwhichtheprocessofglobalizationiscompleteornearlysoGlobalizationWorldwidemovementtowardeconomic,financial,trade,andcommunicationsintegrationIscharacterizedbytheDeterritorializationofsocialrelationshipsWhatdoesthatmean?Deterritorialization

ReferstotheprocessbywhichthereisalossofthenaturalrelationofculturetogeographicalandsocialterritoriesDeterritorializationassociatedwithglobalizationBondsthattiedeconomics,politics,andculturetofixedspatialconfigurationsareloosenedunderglobalizationIsitnew?SpaceExtensivenessofnetworksRegularityIntensityofconnectionsSpeedOfinteractionsDepthImpactonindividualsandsocietiesClickerQuestionWhatdrivesglobalization?EconomicsPoliticsTechnologyCultureandIdeasDimensionsofGlobalizationEconomicglobalizationIncreasedtrade

MultinationalCorporations(MNCs)GlobalfinancialmarketsNewcommunicationtechnologiesPoliticalglobalizationIntergovernmentalorganizations(IGOs)UNWTOICCILOEU,etcInternationalFinancialInstitutionsIMFWorldBankEmergenceofinternationallawGlobalcivilsocietyNongovernmentalorganizations(NGOs)andtheirnetworksBINGOs,WEF,etcCulturalandsocialglobalizationIncreaseindiversityorglobalhomogenization?CulturalglobalizationReferstothediffusionofcommoditiesandideas

ReflectingastandardizedculturalexpressionaroundtheworldSeenasatrendtowardhomogeneityThatwilleventuallymakehumanexperienceeverywhereessentiallythesameSocialglobalizationPertainstohumaninteractionwithinculturalcommunitiesEvidentinthesimilaritiesofsocialtrendsbetweenculturesEnvironmentalglobalizationGloballocalconnectionsGlobalizationsofideasEconomicideasTriumphofcapitalismNeoliberalismApproachtoeconomicsinwhichcontrolofeconomicfactsisshiftedfromthepublictotheprivatesectorPoliticalideasTheglobalspreadofliberaldemocracy,humanrights,andgoodgovernanceSpreadofothervaluesEx.Environmentalism

ClickerQuestionTheWorldisFlat(Friedman)whatdoesthatmean?Pythagoraswaswrongafterall

Drivenbytechnology,weareexperiencingarapidbreakdownofoldhierarchiesDrivenbytechnology,weareexperiencingtheglobalintegrationofBecauseoftechnologicalchange,countriesandbordersnolongermatterEconomicglobalizationismakingtheworldscitizensmoreequal

WhataretheFlatteners?Politicalevents:Nov9,1989anditsaftermathCollapseofBerlinWallSymbolizedtheendofthecoldwarAllowedpeoplefromtheothersideofthewalltojoineconomicmainstreamThefallofcommunismImpactWindowspoweredPCshadontheabilityofindividualstocreatetheirowncontentandconnecttooneanotherTechnologicaladvancementsNetscape(1995)UploadingInformingWorkflowsoftwareAbilityofmachinestotalktoothermachineswithnohumansinvolvedSupplychainingComparesmodernretailsupplychaintoariverOutsourcing

Allowedcompaniestosplitserviceandmanufacturingactivitiesinthemostefficient,costeffectivewayOffshoringTheinternalrelocationofacompanysmanufacturingorotherprocessestoaforeignlandTotakeadvantageoflesscostlyoperationsInsourcingUPSasaprimeexampleWhichthecompanysemployeesperformservices,beyondshipping,foranothercompanyAccelerants(thesteroids)Allanalogcontentandprocessescanbedigitized,shaped,manipulatedandtransmittedwithhighspeed,anywhereDigitizationWireless/mobileaccessPersonalizationVirtualization

TheglobalizationdebateGlobalizationsimpactonStatesovereigntyDemocracyCulturaldistinctivenessCanadaTheLeastDevelopedCountries

Globaleconomicinequality

ClickerQuestion

Isglobalizationunderminingdemocracy?Yes,ifstateslosepowertocontroltheirownaffairs,sodotheircitizensNo,globalizationhasfacilitatedthespreadofdemocracyandhumanrightsNo,wehaveachancetodemocratizeinternationalinstitutionsandestablishglobalcitizenship

TheWorldisFlat.Chapter1WhileIwassleepingThomasFriedmanWikisummary

AsweareintroducedtoFriedmanstheorythattheworldisflatWeaccompanyhimonajourneytothevariouslocationsaroundtheglobethatledhimtothisconclusionWestartoffinBangalore,IndiaWherehefindshimselfsurroundedbyadvertisementsoftraditionallyAmericancompanies,duringaroundofgolf,suchasPizzaHutEpsonHPTexasInstrumentsTravelingwithacrewfromtheDiscoveryTimeschannel

HeencountersIndianworkersandbusinesspeopleworkingforAmericancompaniesSpeakinginAmericanaccentsEvenadoptingAmericannamesintheirowncountryAvisittoInfosysTechnologiesLtdleavesFriedmaninwonderatthemassiveconferencingsystemtheyhavecreatedThatallowspeoplefromaroundtheglobetocongregateandcollaborateinonegiantroomviasatelliteandteleconferencingtechnologyFriedmanguidesusethroughthedifferenterasofglobalizationAsheasdefinedtheminanhistoricalnarrativefromthedaysofColumbustoourpresentdaystateWeseetheeverincreasingpaceofglobalizationThroughhisencounterswithpeoplesuchasJerry,anoutsourcedbusinessmaninIndia.ThroughJerry,WelearnabouttheprocessofinformationexchangeonlineandtheeffectithasonbusinessestoperformvariousdutiesFromremotelocationsasexamplesofoutsourcingTaxpreparationtoHairappointmentschedulingTohospitalbookingscitedAsFreidmantravelsthroughJapan,China,andbacktoAmericaWestudyvariousexamplesofthebusinessoutsourcingphenomenonAnditsimpact,positiveandnegative,ontheplayersinvolved.HomesourcingandmilitaryoutsourcingareexploredasFriedmanexplainsthesheerprevalenceofoutsourcinginoursociety

TheWorldisFlat.Chapter1WhileIwassleepingThomasFriedman

BlogSummary

ThreegreaterasofglobalizationGlobalization1.0(14921800)ColonizationGlobalization2.0(18002000)RiseofmultinationalcompaniesGlobalization3.0(present)IntegratedknowledgecollaborationThedefiningfactorinallerasistheglobalintegrationWhichmeanstheabilitytoextendcollaborationfurtherandfurtheracrossgeographicalboundariesTechnologyconvergencegaverisetoflatworldplatformPCBroadbandWorkflowsoftwareMilitaryhadbeenflattenedbytheemergenceofnewtechnologyMilitaryoperatorscanflydronesremotelyandtracktheinformationfeedWhatsbeingflattenedistheorganizationalhierarchyWhatisbeingdistributedisnotonlyinformation,butpower

Clicker QuestionWhat happened here?GlobalizationTechnology-driven deindustrializationSomeone couldnt make their mortgage paymentsPolitics-driven shift in manufacturingAll of the above

Economic (income) inequality today is greatestWithin advanced industrialized countriesWithin developing countriesBetween advanced industrialized and developing countriesBetween world citizens in general

World GINI Coefficient:A measurement of the income distribution of a countrys residentsNumber ranges between 0 and 1Based on residents net incomeHelps define the gap between the rice and the poorWith 0 representing perfect equality1 representing perfect inequality

To get of total income you needAlmost 92% of the poorestOr about 8% of the richest

The bottom 50% of the population receives6.6% of total income

The top 1% of population receivesAbout 13% of total incomeThus 6 million top people receive as much as 3+ billion poorest (ratio 500-1)

% Of people who are 25% above or below the median income is14%The world is as middle class or less than Panama

GlobalizationThe processes that are increasing the interconnectedness of the world (Mintz 2011, 42)Distinguish globality (condition) from globalization (trend)GlobalityIs the end-state of globalizationHypothetical condition in which the process of globalization is complete or nearly so

GlobalizationWorldwide movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration

Is characterized by the Deterritorialization of social relationshipsWhat does that mean?DeterritorializationRefers to the process by which there is a loss of the natural relation of culture to geographical and social territoriesDeterritorialization associated with globalizationBonds that tied economics, politics, and culture to fixed spatial configurations are loosened under globalization

Is it new?SpaceExtensiveness of networks

RegularityIntensity of connections

SpeedOf interactions

DepthImpact on individuals and societies

Clicker QuestionWhat drives globalization?EconomicsPoliticsTechnologyCulture and Ideas

Dimensions of GlobalizationEconomic globalizationIncreased tradeMultinational Corporations (MNCs)Global financial marketsNew communication technologies

Political globalizationIntergovernmental organizations (IGOs)UNWTOICCILOEU, etc

International Financial InstitutionsIMFWorld Bank

Emergence of international lawGlobal civil societyNongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and their networksBINGOs, WEF, etc

Cultural and social globalizationIncrease in diversity or global homogenization?Cultural globalizationRefers to the diffusion of commodities and ideasReflecting a standardized cultural expression around the world

Seen as a trend toward homogeneityThat will eventually make human experience everywhere essentially the same

Social globalizationPertains to human interaction within cultural communitiesEvident in the similarities of social trends between cultures

Environmental globalizationGlobal-local connections

Globalizations of ideasEconomic ideasTriumph of capitalismNeo-liberalismApproach to economics in which control of economic facts is shifted from the public to the private sector

Political ideasThe global spread of liberal democracy, human rights, and good governance

Spread of other valuesEx. Environmentalism

Clicker QuestionThe World is Flat (Friedman)what does that mean?Pythagoras was wrong after allDriven by technology, we are experiencing a rapid breakdown of old hierarchiesDriven by technology, we are experiencing the global integration ofBecause of technological change, countries and borders no longer matterEconomic globalization is making the worlds citizens more equal

What are the Flatteners?Political events: Nov 9, 1989 and its aftermathCollapse of Berlin WallSymbolized the end of the cold warAllowed people from the other side of the wall to join economic mainstreamThe fall of communismImpact Windows powered PCs had on the ability of individuals to create their own content and connect to one another

Technological advancementsNetscape (1995)UploadingIn-forming

Work-flow softwareAbility of machines to talk to other machines with no humans involved

Supply-chainingCompares modern retail supply chain to a river

OutsourcingAllowed companies to split service and manufacturing activities in the most efficient, cost-effective way

OffshoringThe internal relocation of a companys manufacturing or other processes to a foreign landTo take advantage of less costly operations

In-sourcingUPS as a prime exampleWhich the companys employees perform services, beyond shipping, for another company

Accelerants (the steroids)All analog content and processes can be digitized, shaped, manipulated and transmitted with high speed, anywhereDigitizationWireless/mobile accessPersonalizationVirtualization

The globalization debateGlobalizations impact onState sovereigntyDemocracyCultural distinctivenessCanadaThe Least Developed CountriesGlobal economic inequality

Clicker QuestionIs globalization undermining democracy?Yes, if states lose power to control their own affairs, so do their citizensNo, globalization has facilitated the spread of democracy and human rightsNo, we have a chance to democratize international institutions and establish global citizenship

The World is Flat. Chapter 1 While I was sleeping Thomas FriedmanWikisummaryAs we are introduced to Friedmans theory that the world is flatWe accompany him on a journey to the various locations around the globe that led him to this conclusion

We start off in Bangalore, IndiaWhere he finds himself surrounded by advertisements of traditionally American companies, during a round of golf, such asPizza HutEpsonHPTexas Instruments

Traveling with a crew from the Discovery Times channelHe encounters Indian workers and businesspeople working for American companiesSpeaking in American accentsEven adopting American names in their own country

A visit to Infosys Technologies Ltd leaves Friedman in wonder at the massive conferencing system they have createdThat allows people from around the globe to congregate and collaborate in one giant room via satellite and teleconferencing technology

Friedman guides use through the different eras of globalizationAs he as defined them in an historical narrative from the days of Columbus to our present day state

We see the ever increasing pace of globalizationThrough his encounters with people such as Jerry, an outsourced businessman in India.

Through Jerry,We learn about the process of information exchange online and the effect it has on businesses to perform various dutiesFrom remote locations as examples of outsourcingTax preparation toHair appointment schedulingTo hospital bookings cited

As Freidman travels through Japan, China, and back to AmericaWe study various examples of the business outsourcing phenomenonAnd its impact, positive and negative, on the players involved.

Home sourcing and military outsourcing are explored as Friedman explains the sheer prevalence of outsourcing in our societyThe World is Flat. Chapter 1 While I was sleeping Thomas FriedmanBlog SummaryThree great eras of globalizationGlobalization 1.0 (1492-1800)Colonization

Globalization 2.0 (1800-2000)Rise of multinational companies

Globalization 3.0 (present)Integrated knowledge collaboration

The defining factor in all eras is the global integrationWhich means the ability to extend collaboration further and further across geographical boundaries

Technology convergence gave rise to flat-world platformPCBroadbandWorkflow software

Military had been flattened by the emergence of new technologyMilitary operators can fly drones remotely and track the information feed

Whats being flattened is the organizational hierarchyWhat is being distributed is not only information, but power