vrii-9028-0/slide 1 renovare international, inc. electrolytic cell field experience — the role of...
TRANSCRIPT
VRII-9028-0/Slide 1 Renovare International, Inc.
ELECTROLYTIC CELL FIELD ELECTROLYTIC CELL FIELD EXPERIENCE — THE ROLE OF FIELD EXPERIENCE — THE ROLE OF FIELD OPERATIONS AND FEEDBACK IN THE OPERATIONS AND FEEDBACK IN THE
COMMERCIALIZATION OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF THE RENOCELLRENOCELL®®
NOVEMBER 1999NOVEMBER 1999
VRII-9028-0/Slide 2 Renovare International, Inc.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 3 Renovare International, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY FOR THE NEW MILLENNIUM
“RenoCell®” embodies a revolutionary electro-deposition technology that Renovare International, Inc. is commercializing and bringing to the market at a time when the demand for more robust, efficient and cost-effective water treatment equipment and systems is growing worldwide.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 4 Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL’SDEMONSTRATED CAPABILITIES
• Achieves metal recovery or effluent discharge limits with sub-mg/L performance
• Collects most metals as elements ready for sale or reuse
• Uses removable cathode cartridges for ease of operations and maintenance
• Improves cost effectiveness and reduces life cycle costs
VRII-9028-0/Slide 5 Renovare International, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
VRII-9028-0/Slide 6 Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL BACKGROUND
• Nine years in development by a world-class R&D organization
• Advanced electrochemical R&D focused on:– Current distribution – Potential distribution
– Hydrodynamics – Cell geometry
– Cell components – Cell performance
• Patented by EA Technology, Ltd. (EATL), Capenhurst UK
VRII-9028-0/Slide 7 Renovare International, Inc.
EATL’S ELECTROCHEMICALCELL DEVELOPMENT
1970 1980 1990 1997
DEM CELL• General Purpose• Synthesis, Waste Treatment• Product (Licensee)• 1984
CHEMELEC CELL• Metal Recovery• Effluent Streams• Product (Licensee)• 1981
CEER CELL• Circuit Boards• Recovery of Cu and Etchant• Product (Licensee)• 1981
ANODIC CORROSION• Synthesis of Metal Salts• Manufacture by EA Technology• 1989
Manufacture byEA Technology(active, 1996)
POROCELL• Metal Recovery• Effluent Streams• Custom Product, Manufacture by EA Technology (active, 1996)
DEVELOPMENTS• Divided Tank Cell• Rotating Cathode Cell• DEM Cell MK II
RENOCELL®1997 LICENSETO RENOVARE
VRII-9028-0/Slide 8 Renovare International, Inc.
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF METALS
• Recent developments involve improved, high surface area cathodes and metal oxide anodes where the cell performance depends on three mass transport processes:
• Convection in the bulk solution; mixing of the solution can increase the bulk transfer
– Diffusion from the bulk solution to the electrode surface
– Conversion of the adsorbed ion into metal which is restricted by the limiting current for a particular metal and solution chemistry and cannot be overcome by mixing or increasing the potential
VRII-9028-0/Slide 9 Renovare International, Inc.
3-D ELECTRODEPOSITION OF METALS
• Improvements in applied electrolytical cells have focused on:
– Obtaining high active cathode areas which allows compact design and efficient conversions even at low concentrations
– High current efficiency to minimize energy usage
– High current density to effect rapid metal removal
– Intimate contact between electrolyte and electrodes to provide high mass transport
– Ease of product removal
– Safety and ease of control
– Lower operating and capital costs
VRII-9028-0/Slide 10
Renovare International, Inc.
3-D ELECTRODEPOSITION OF METALS
• Commonly-used 2-D cells, such as tank cells, do not achieve stringent treatment standards.
• Considerable effort directed towards using 3-D cells with packed, fluidized, and porous electrodes. Fluidization of carbon or glass particles increased mass transfer but loss of electrical contact and abrasion of particles during fluidization reduces the performance of these types of cells.
• Considerable efforts have been directed towards finding high surface area, stationary electrode materials. Testing indicates that low concentrations of metals can only be achieved with reasonable current efficiencies by using porous electrodes.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 11
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL’S R&D
• Objectives in the early 1990’s were:– Enhancement in metal recovery performance over conventional cells
by using porous cathode cells
– Develop a “user friendly” product suitable for industrial applications
• Resulted in a high cathode surface utilization and excellent metal removal rates due to:
– Even electrolyte flow through the entire area of the cathode
– Electrical potential feed (and current flow) to the entire length and circumference of the cathode cylinder
– Removal of the metals by incorporating the carbon cathode and support as a replaceable cartridge
– Recovery of the metal by chemical or anodic redissolution or smelting
VRII-9028-0/Slide 12
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL’S PATENTEDELECTROLYTIC CELL TECHNOLOGY
Anode
Anode
Porous diffuser core
Plastic Outer Support
Carbon Fiber Plating Element
Cathode Current Feeder
Electrolyte Flow Path
DIN: DRII-6002-1
Post Electrode Connector
VRII-9028-0/Slide 13
Renovare International, Inc.
RESEARCH LEADS TO A CHANGING PARADIGM ...
• For the first time, an electrolytic cell attains high metal removal rates with sub-mg/L performance.
• This performance is achieved through effective use of 3-D porous carbon cathodes. The 3-D cathode greatly enhances performance because the porous cathode has >500 times greater effective surface area than 2-D cathode of the same nominal size. This high surface area allows metal deposition at higher current efficiencies, lower current densities and higher deposition rates and thereby achieves lower final metal ion concentrations.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 14
Renovare International, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE
VRII-9028-0/Slide 15
Renovare International, Inc.
• State of the art performance for treatment of process and wastewater containing heavy and precious metals
• Electrochemical deposition of many metals directly from aqueous solutions without the addition of reagents.
• Performance advantages based upon:– Porous high surface area cathode
– Improved current and potential control enhance metal removal
– Compact robust design
– Technology evolution including divided cell
3-D CATHODE USE ALLOWS ...
VRII-9028-0/Slide 16
Renovare International, Inc.
SUCCESSFULLY DEMONSTRATED METALS
• Cadmium • Nickel
• Copper • Cobalt
• Mercury • Rhodium
• Platinum • Gold
• Iron • Lead
• Osmium • Palladium
• Ruthenium • Silver
• Tin • Zinc
VRII-9028-0/Slide 17
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL TESTING AND OPERATING PERFORMANCE*
*All tests on 2.5 liter volumes using a 0.015m2 laboratory RenoCell
Current
Application MetalInitial(PPM)
Final(PPM)
Efficiency(%)
Acid sulfate rinse Cu 910 0.02 41
Cu 98.2 0.22 20.7
Cyanide plating rinse Cu 105 0.34 2
Fluoborate plating rinse Cu 115 0.3 38.7
Electroless Cu rinse Cu 82 0.8 14.2
Micro etch bath rinse Cu 44 0.11 20
Cyanide plating rinse Ag 740 0.34 7.5
Cyanide static dragout Cd 107 0.34 2
Acid sulfate rinse Cd 978 0.37 22
VRII-9028-0/Slide 18
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL TESTING AND OPERATING PERFORMANCE*
(Continued)
*All tests on 2.5 liter volumes using a 0.015m2 laboratory RenoCell
Application Metal
Initial
(PPM)
Final
(PPM)
Current
Efficiency
%
Acid sulfate rinse Zn 77.5 0.23 2
Acid sulfate rinse Sn 93.2 0.5 7
Fluoborate plating rinse Pb 85 0.32 6
Watt’s bath rinse Ni 105 0.5 4
Acid sulfate rinse Cr(III) 124 1 1.6
Cyanide liquor Au 380 <0.1 -
Acidic liquors Pt/Pd 24/110 1/0.01 4
Pt 2000 0.5 -
Pd 500 <0.5 -
Groundwater (acidic) Hg 6.3 0.036 -
VRII-9028-0/Slide 19
Renovare International, Inc.
COPPER RECOVERY FROM DILUTE PLATING BATH
Time
(minutes)
Concentration mg/l
AverageCurrent
Efficiency
0 4440
30 3360 76
67 2440 63
92 2010 56
120 1380 54
144 820 53
170 256 52
240 0.02 39
Solution: 2.5 liters Flow rate: 2 lpmCurrent density: 400 A/m2
Time (mins)
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
VRII-9028-0/Slide 20
Renovare International, Inc.
ELECTROLYTIC CELL TREATMENT COMPARISON
Effective Operating Range for Copper Removal (PPM) 0.010.1110100100010000
Tank Cell
Reciprocating AnodeCell
Fluidized Bed Cell
Rotating Cathode Cell
Electrolytic Cells
XRII-7028/ED#1
Patented 3-D Cathode
VRII-9028-0/Slide 21
Renovare International, Inc.
ELECTROLYTIC CELL OPERATING RANGES
10 5 10 10 10 10 1 0.1PPM
100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001
EFFLUENT & WATER TREATMENT
METAL RECOVERY
Tank Cells
Air Sparged Tank Cells
Enhanced Flow Plate Cells
Rotating Cylinder Cells
Patented 3-D Cathode
4 3 2
g/lxx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
xx xx xx
VRII-9028-0/Slide 22
Renovare International, Inc.
TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION
VRII-9028-0/Slide 23
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELLCOMMERCIALIZATION STRATEGY
• Since the principles of electrodeposition are the same for all electrochemical cells, Renovare’s strategy is to “engineer and apply” RenoCell’s patented, 3-D technology to take advantage of its substantially enhanced performance.
• This will allow Renovare to meet its goals of establishing RenoCell as the new standard of performance and economics in heavy and precious metal recovery and effluent treatment applications.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 24
Renovare International, Inc.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
• Products are market-driven and reflect the need for world-class design,“user-friendliness” and ease of implementation across a wide range of industrial applications.
• Renovare uses a seamless outsourcing approach or product design and manufacturing, resulting in rapid development, quicker time-to-market, and lower cost with reduced risks.
VRII-9028-0/Slide 25
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELLPRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
• Cell Design
• Working Electrode Designs
• Counter Electrode Design
• “Divided” Cell Operations
VRII-9028-0/Slide 26
Renovare International, Inc.
MAJOR FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES
• Porous carbon element cathode– Greatly increased deposition surface area
– High metal extraction rates
– Three to ten times more energy efficient
– Effective at concentrations down to 1 mg/L and below
• Metal deposits plated on carbon element
• Replaceable cathode cartridges– Easy metal removal
– Quick and easy cathode replacement
– Low operating and manpower requirements
VRII-9028-0/Slide 27
Renovare International, Inc.
• Compact, robust design– Increased reliability in industrial environments
– Very small footprint
– Capable of being wall mounted
• Industry-standard components
• Optional divided cell operations– Allows treatment of anodically-sensitive solutions
MAJOR FEATURES AND CAPABILITIES(Continued)
VRII-9028-0/Slide 28
Renovare International, Inc.
PRE-PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND INSTALLATIONS
Industry Application Metal(s)
Electroplating Dragout tank recovery Cd
Photographic Photographic wastes Ag
Chemical Process effluent Precious metals
Remediation Ground water Various
Electroplating Rinse baths Ag
Chemical Ion exchange regenerants Various
PCB/ElectronicsManufacturer
Process wastes Cu
VRII-9028-0/Slide 29
Renovare International, Inc.
Industry Application Metal(s)
Metal Finishing Etchant solutions Cu
Chemical Industry Effluent Various
Metal Finishing Process effluent Cd
Metal Finishing Process treatment Cd
Scotch Whisky Water treatment Cu
Remediation Leachate Various
Nuclear Effluent Various
Electric Utility Various Various
PRE-PRODUCTION APPLICATIONS AND INSTALLATIONS
(Continued)
VRII-9028-0/Slide 30
Renovare International, Inc.
BASIS FOR CELL DESIGN CHANGES
• Improve Performance
• Improve Cell Reliability
• Reduce Maintenance Costs
• Reflect Lessons Learned in the Field
• Reduce Production Cost
VRII-9028-0/Slide 31
Renovare International, Inc.
HOUSING DESIGN CHANGES
• Hinged Swing Bolts and Handles
• Larger Diameter
• Tapped Pipe Holes for Fluid Flow
• Dual Cathode Posts
• Cathode Post to Feeder Jam Nut Connection
• Straight Cathode Feeder Strips
• Removable Base Plate
CATHODE DESIGN CHANGES
VRII-9028-0/Slide 32
Renovare International, Inc.
ANODE DESIGN CHANGES
• Feeder Posts through Either Lid
DIVIDER MEMBRANE DESIGN CHANGES
• Tapered Membrane Flanges With O-rings
• Dual Wall Membrane Divide
VRII-9028-0/Slide 33
Renovare International, Inc.
NEW PRODUCT DESIGNFEATURES FOR RENOCELL
• Top lid easily removable
• All electrical and fluid transfer connections now confined to top and bottom lids
• Current feeder post seals now use O-ring
• Dual current feeder posts for both cathode and anode
• Anode can be mounted with current feeder posts exiting either the top or bottom lids
• Catholyte inlet and outlet connections are now both US 3/4 inch (ISO 25mm) female pipe thread connections
• Anolyte inlet and outlet connections are now both US 1/2 inch (ISO 20mm) female pipe thread connections
• Bottom lid insert is easily removable FOR CELL CLEANING
• Divider assembly allows membrane replacement
VRII-9028-0/Slide 34
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL SUPPORTS WASTE MINIMIZATION
• RenoCell technology focuses on waste minimization and metal recovery in the complex and diverse world of metal finishing operations. Major considerations include:
– Different types and concentrations of metals, concentrates and rinses
– Variations in waste water volumes
– Increasing life cycle costs of treatment
– More stringent effluent discharge limits
VRII-9028-0/Slide 35
Renovare International, Inc.
PRINTED WIRING BOARD (PWB) OPERATIONS
• PWB manufacturing are complex operations with over 50 different process steps
• Utilizes variety of metal conductors including:– Copper – Nickel
– Silver – Tin
– Tin/Lead – Gold
• Six to ten major PWB process lines including:– Pattern Plate Acid Copper and Tin/Lead Plating
– Nickel/Gold Tab Plating
VRII-9028-0/Slide 36
Renovare International, Inc.
PWB PATTERN PLATE ACID Cu AND TIN/LEAD PLATING LINE
VRII-9028-0/Slide 37
Renovare International, Inc.
PWB Pattern Plate Acid Cu and Tin/Lead Plating Line
Waste Generated Conventional Technology RenoCell
Rinse Water Used 9,000,000 L 180,000 L
Metal Removed 1,200 kg Cu in 30,000 kg sludge 1,200 kg Cu on 150 cartridges430 kg Sn in 8,600 kg sludge
38,600kg sludge
to test, handle and dispose
430 kg Sn on 60 cartridges 210 cartridges with recoverable metal
Plating Line Assumptions:
• 100 panels/hour • 0.048 drag-out ratio• 6 L water/rinse with 12 rinses/hour • Line operates 500 hours/month
VRII-9028-0/Slide 38
Renovare International, Inc.
Typical Cost Comparison for Cu Removal from PWB Shop Rinse Waters
• 40 PPM copper removal to 1 PPM copper
• Sludge management (including dewatering, transportation and treatment) is $350/ton
• Ion exchange spent resin is assumed to be treated on site
Based on:
Ion Exchange Treatment RenoCell
VRII-9028-0/Slide 39
Renovare International, Inc.
RENOCELL BENEFITS TO PWB APPLICATIONS
• RenoCell provides PWB manufacturers with several major benefits:
– Virtual elimination of all metal-bearing hazardous sludges, saving over 40% in overall treatment costs
– Total operational cost savings of 70% over conventional treatment methods
– Lower initial capital costs with faster pay back periods (less than 2 years)
– Reduced wastewater loading on existing waste treatment facilities
– Conformance with national and local discharge compliance standards
VRII-9028-0/Slide 40
Renovare International, Inc.
IN SUMMARY
• RenoCell is the next generation of process and waste water metal ion removal and metal reclamation treatment equipment.
• Renovare’s RenoCell product delivers advanced, patented three-dimensional electrodeposition technology incorporated in a compact, robust cell design.
• The principles of electrodeposition is the same for all electrochemical cells. However, simply put .…
“RenoCell® technology works substantially better.”