vol. 26 issue 19 fortnightly june 1, 2015 page 24 eivnd¿ c ...vol. 26 issue 19 fortnightly june 1,...

Vol. 26 Issue 19 Fortnightly June 1, 2015 Page 24 ` 5

PSC Bulletin, Official Publication of Kerala Public Service Commission

SINCE 1985

website: www.keralapsc.gov.in E-mail: [email protected] Call Centre: 0471-2554000

Kma-hn-I-k\ h-Ip-∏n¬-tªm-°v- ]-©m-b-Øv- sk-I-´-dn,-

\-K-c-Im-cy-h-Ip-∏n¬-ap-\n-kn-∏¬- sk-I-´-dn- tK-Uv-˛-3

F-∂o- X-kv-Xn-I-Iƒ-°m-bn-Pq-¨- 27˛-\v- \-S-°p-∂-

s]m-Xp-]-co-£-bv-°v- X-øm-sd-Sp-°m-≥ k-lm-b-I-am-b- hn-h-c-ßƒ-

Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-Wv- Cu- e-°w- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

s]mXp-hn-⁄m\wDtZym-Km¿-Yn-Ifp-sS A`y¿-∞\

am-\n-®v- ]n-.-Fkv-.-kn- _p-≈‰n≥-

""cPX Pq-_n-en- hn-tijm¬- ]Xn-∏n-se''-

s]m-Xp-hn-Pv-Rm-\ßƒ _p-≈‰n-\n¬--

]kn-≤o-Icn-°p-∂p-

]n-Fkv-kn- _p-≈‰n≥- cPXPq-_n-en-

]Xn-∏v- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv-

IΩo-js≥-d Hu-tZym-Kn-I

sh_v-ssk‰n¬ C˛_p-°m-bn-

]kn-≤o-Icn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-

eIvNd¿ C≥ kwkvIrXw

tImtfPv hnZym`ymkw

sÃt\mKm^¿

^m¿-akyq´n°¬ tIm¿-∏tdj≥

(sF.Fw) tIcf enan‰Uv

Pq\nb¿ sl¬-Øv

C≥-kvs]Œ¿ tKUv IIap\n-kn∏¬ tIma¨ k¿-∆okv

Dƒ-s∏sS hn-hn-[ Xkv-Xn-IIfn¬-hn-Pv-Rm-]\w-

World Environment DaySeven Billion DreamsOne PlanetConsume with CareJune 5

FOCUS

2 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ Pq - 1

io.- Atim-I≥- Ncp-hn¬ ˛ sNb¿-am≥saº¿-, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

tUm.- sI Djsaº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io.- ]n- in-hZm-k≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

io-aXn.- kn-an- tdm-kv-s_¬- tPm¨-saº¿, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

AUz.- C cho-µ\m-Y≥-saº¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩo-j≥

]Xm[n]kanXn

75993 hscbp≈ hcn°mcpsS Imemh[n Pq¨- 1

e-°tØmsSbmWv Ahkm\n°p∂Xv

hcnkwJy (\qdpcq])

aWn-tbm¿U-dmbn Abt°≠ hnemkw:

]ªn-Iv- dn-tej≥-kv- Hm-ô-k¿,-

tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- IΩnj≥,-

]´w- ]m-ekv- ]n.-H., Xn-cp-h\¥]p-cw-˛695004

h-cn-°m¿- _p-≈-‰n-≥ kw-_-‘n-®v- I-sØ-gp-Xp-tºm-gpw-t^m-¨- sN-øp-tºm-gpw- _p-≈-‰n-\n-s‚- te-_-en-ep-≈-

k-_v-kv-ssI-_¿- \-º¿- Ir-Xy-am-bn- kq-Nn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

hcn°mcpsS i≤bv°v

]ªnIv dntej≥kv Hmôk¿

io.- ]Zo-]v- Ip-am¿.- _n-.- Pn--, t^m¨ : 0471 2546368 OR 9446412483

k¿°ptej≥ (]n.B¿.bqWn‰v): 0471 2546270

]n-Fkv-kn- Adn-bn∏-p-Iƒ-

h¨ ssSw- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-≥ ˛ h- -ssSw- sh-cn- n-t°-j-≥]q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ- sh-cn- n-t°-j-≥ k¿- n- n-°-‰v- \¬-Ipw-

h¨ ssSw- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-≥ ap-tJ-\- A-t]-£- k-a¿-∏n-®- hn-hn-[- Np-cp-°-∏-ń-I-I-fn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- h-¨-ssSw- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ ]q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- \¬-Ip-hm-≥ ]n.-F-kv.-kn.- Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-´p-≠v.- ]-kv-Xp-X- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰p-I-fm-Wv- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- sF-U-‚n-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰m-bn- \n-b-a-\m-[n-Im-cn- ap-ºm-sI- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xv.- C-]-Im-cw- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- lm-P-cm-°n-bm¬- am-X-ta- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-sb-tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-∏n-°p-I-bp-≈p.- F-∂p-≈-Xn-\m¬- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- \-jv-S-am-Im-sX- kq-£n-°p-hm-≥ D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- i-≤n-t°-≠--Xm-Wv.

Hcn-°¬- ]n.-F-kv.-kn.- \¬-In-b- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n- H-cp- \n-b-a-\m-[n-Im-cn-°v- ap-∂n¬- k-a¿-∏n-®v- tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-°p-I-bpw- A-tX- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n-ep-≈- tbm-Ky-X- ]-Im-cw- a-s‰m-cp- tPm-en-°v- A-ssUz-kv- e-`n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xm¬,- \n-e-hn-se- Hm-ô-kv- ta-e-[n-Im-cn-bn¬- \n-∂pw- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- \-º¿- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- H-cp- km-£y-]-Xw- lm-P-cm-°n-bm¬- am-X-ta- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- ]p-Xn-b- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- e-`n-°p-I-bp-≈p.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-°v- X-s‚- s]m-ss^-en¬- ]p-Xn-b- tbm-Ky-X- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-s‚- m-K-am-bn- ]p-Xn-b- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- B-h-iy-am-bn- h-cp-tºmƒ- ssI-h-i-ap-≈- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- k-d-≠¿- sN-bv-Xm¬- am-X-ta- ]p-Xn-b- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- e-`n-°-Ip-bp-≈p.-

]n.-F-kv.-kn.- \¬-In-b- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-]-£w-^-Ãv- ¢m-kv- Pp-Uo-jy¬- a-Pn-kv-tS-‰n¬- Ip--d-bm-Ø a-Pn-kv-tS-‰n-s‚- tIm-S-Xn- ap-Z- ]-Xn-∏n-®- km-£y-]-Xw- k-ln-Xw- A-t]-£- k-a¿-∏n-®m¬- am-X-ta- Uq-πn-t°-‰v- sh-cn-^n-t°-j-≥ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- \¬-Ip-I-bp-≈p.-

H‰ØhW cPn-kvt-Sj≥-t^m-t´m- kw-_\v-[n-® \n¿-t±ißƒ-

1.-1.-2012 ap-X¬- ]m-_-ey-Øn-ep-≈- h-¨-˛-ssSw- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-

≥, - I -Ωo -j-s‚- Hu -tZym -Kn -I - sh-_v -ssk-‰m -b

www.keralapsc.gov.in hgn- \SØn-btijam-Wv- DtZym-Km¿-

∞n-Iƒ- hn-hn-[ Xkv-Xn-IIƒ-°m-bn- At]£ ka¿-∏n-

t°≠Xv.- t^m-t´m- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-tºmƒ- ]co-£m¿-Xv-Yn-

Iƒ- Xm-sg ]dbp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ- ]tXy-Iw- i≤n-t°≠Xm-Wv.-

1.- t^m-t´m-bn¬- DtZym-Km¿-Xv-Yn-bp-sS t]cpw- t^m-t´m FSp-

Ø Xo-bXn-bpw- ]Xn-®n-cn-°Ww.

2. -- IΩo-j≥- ]p-ds∏Sp-hn-°p-∂ hn-⁄m-]\ßƒ- ]Im-

cw- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- At]£ ka¿-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- A]v-

tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´mbv-°v- 10 h¿-jtØbv-°v- ]m-

_ey-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.-- -

3. ]co-£m¿-XvYn-bp-sS ap-Jhpw- tXm-fp-Ifp-sS ap-Iƒ- m-Khpw-

hy-Iv-Xam-bn- ]Xn-™n-cn-°Ø° hn-[Øn-ep-≈ ]m-kv-t]m¿-

´v- sskkn-ep-≈ If¿-/ªm-°v- & ssh‰v- t^m-t´m-bm-bn-cn-

°Ww.-

4. -shfp-ØtXm- Cfw- \n-dØn-tem- D≈ ]iv-Nm-ØeØn¬-

Cfw- \n-dØn-ep-≈ hkv-Xw- [cn-®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m-bm-

bn-cn-°Ww.-

5.- ap-Jw- t\scbpw- ]q¿-Æam-bpw- t^m-t´m-bp-sS a≤y- m-KØv-

]Xn-™n-cn-°Ww.-

6.- IÆp-Iƒ- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- Im-WØ° hn-[Øn-em-bn-cn-°Ww.-

7.- A]v-tem-Uv- sNøp-∂ t^m-t´m-Iƒ- 200 ]n-Iv-sk¬- h x 150]n-Iv-sk¬- w D≈Xpw- JPG t^m¿-am-‰n-ep-≈Xpw- 30 KB^b¬ sskkn¬- A[n-Icn-°m-ØXp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.-

8.- k¨-•m-kv,- sXm-∏n- F∂n-h [cn-®v- FSp-ØXpw- ap-JØn-

s≥-d Hcp- hiw- am-Xw- Im-WØ°hn-[ap-≈Xpw- ap-Jw- hy-

Iv-Xa√m-ØXp-am-b t^m-t´m-Iƒ- kzo-Im-cy-a√.

9.- ""aXm-Nm-cØn-s≥-d m-Kam-bn- sXm-∏n-/in-tcm-hkv-Xw- [cn-

®v- FSp-Ø t^m-t´m- a‰v- \n¿-t±ißf\p-kcn-®m-sW¶n¬-

kzo-Im-cy-am-Wv.-

t]cpw-t^m-t´m-FSp-Ø Xo-bXn-bpw-

Kk‰v hnPvRm]-\-Øn¬ \njv°¿jn-®n- p≈ tbmK-y-X-bpsSDb¿∂/XØp-ey tbmK-y-X-bp-≈-h¿ H‰-Ø-hW cPn-kvtS-j≥

aptJ\ At]£ ka¿∏n--°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am¿§ \n¿t±-iw.H‰-Øh-W- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-\n-eq-sS- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fp-sS- A-t]-£-Iƒ- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn- ]-kv-Xp-X- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fp-sS- kv-s]-jy¬- dqƒ- \n-jv-°¿-jn-®n-´p-≈- tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ- B-Wv- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv.-hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn¬- \n-jv-°¿-jn-®n-´p-≈- tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ- C-√m-Ø- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- A-t]-£- k-a¿-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- ineligible button B-bn-cn-°pw- Zr-iy-am-hp-I.- ]-kv-Xp-X- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- ineligible- _-´-Wn-\v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- why I am ineligible- F-∂- en-¶n¬- ¢n-°v- sN-ø-Ww.- A-t∏mƒ- Zr-iy-am-Ip-∂-Have Equivalent or higher button ¢n-°v- sN-øp-tºmƒ- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n- s]m-ss^-en¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- tbm-Ky-X- H-cp- h-i-Øpw- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-se- tbm-Ky-X- a-dp-h-i-Øpw- e-`y-am-Ipw.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-A-bm-fp-sS- tbm-Ky-X-I-fn¬- \n-∂pw- _-‘-s∏-´- tbm-Ky-X-bv-°v- X-Øp-ey- tbm-Ky-X- sX-c-s™-Sp-Øv-A-t]-£- k-a¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- G-sXm-cp- tbm-Ky-X-bpw- a-s‰m-cp- tbm-Ky-X-tbm-Sv- Xp-ey-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-≈- ku-I-cyw- e-`y-am-Wv.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n- ]-am-W- ]-cn-tim-[-\m-th-f-bn¬- Xp-ey-X- sX-fn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

GUIDE LINE FOR SUBMISSION OF APPLICATION BY CANDIDATESHAVING QUALIFICATION EQUIVALENT TO OR HIGHER THAN THE

ONE PRESCRIBED IN THE NOTIFICATIONThe qualification prescribed in the Special Rules for a post is included in One Time Registration

profile. The candidates who do not possess the prescribed qualification for a post, will see an‘ineligible’ button while trying to apply for the post. Then click the ‘why I am ineligible’ link below theineligible button. Then click the ‘Have Equivalent or higher’ button. The qualification furnished by thecandidate in the profile and the one prescribed for the post will be displayed simultaneously on thescreen. The candidate can select the qualification equivalent to or higher than the qualification he/she possess, and can apply for the post. Any type of qualification can be equated. Candidate shallprove equivalency at the time of verification of certificates.

Xncp-Ø¬ hn⁄m-]\w

26- 12˛2014 Xob-Xn-bnse 3161 \º¿ Akm-[m-cW Kk-‰n¬ 607/2014 Im‰-Kdn \º-dn¬ t]meokv hIp-∏n¬h\nXm t]meokv tIm¨Ã-_nƒ (APB-KAP III) ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√, XkvXn-I-bpsS OX hn`m-K-Øn-\p≈ sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-\mbn ]kn-≤n-I-cn® NCA hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬ tN¿Øn-cp∂ ]mb-]-cn[n 18˛29 F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

]mb]q¿-Øn- B-b-Xn-\v- ti-jw- ]-ń-I- Pm-Xn-bn¬-\n-∂pw- G-Xv- a-X-Øn-te-°pw- ]-cn-h¿-Ø-\w- sN-bv-Xn-´p-≈-h¿-°pw- A-h-cp-sS- k-¥m-\-ßƒ-°pw- ]-ń-I- Pm-Xn-°m¿-°v- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈- 5 h¿-jw- h-sc-bp-≈- h-b- n-f-hv- e-`n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ- sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v.- A-Xn-\m¬- 607/-2014 Im-‰-K-dn- \-º-dn-ep-≈- X-kv-

Xn-I-bp-sS- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- ta¬- kq-Nn-X- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v-hn-t[-b-am-bn- 18˛-31,- A-Xm-b-Xv- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- 02˛-01˛-1983 \pw- 01˛-01˛-1996 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww- (c-≠v- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-∏-sS-)- F-∂v- Xn-cp-Øn-hm-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-se- a-‰v - hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-°v- am-‰-an-√.-

]p-Xp-°n-b- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- ]-Im-cw- A-t]-£- k-a¿-∏n-°m-\m-bn,- 5 h¿-j-sØ- h-b- v- C-fhv e`n-°p∂ OXhn`mKw DtZym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v 12˛06˛2015 sh≈n-bmgvNA¿≤mXn 12 aWn-hsc kabw A\p-h-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-t\m-SIw At]£ ka¿∏n® DtZ-ym -Km -¿ - -∞n -Iƒ]pXpXmbn At]£ ka¿∏n-t°--≠Xn-√.

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 3

P\d¬ dnIq´vsa‚v (kwkvYm\-Xew)-

hn-hn-[- X-kv-Xn-I-I-fn¬- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\v- tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈-h-cn¬-\n-∂pw- A-t]-£- £-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈- hn-Pv-Rm-]-\w- 29˛05 -2015 Xo-b-Xn-bn-se- tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿- A-km-[m-c-W- K-k-‰n¬- - ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.-

sXmgn¬ Ahkcßƒ

DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Ifp-sS i≤bv-°v-At]£ ka¿∏n°p∂ coXn: DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ tIcf ]ªnIv k¿∆okv IΩnjs‚ HutZymKnI sh_vssk‰mb www.Keralapsc.gov.in. hgn 'H‰ØhW cPnkvtSj≥' ]Imcw cPnÃ¿sNbvXtijamWv At]£nt°≠Xv. cPnÃ¿ sNbvXn´pff DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ AhcpsS User Id bpw Pass word Dw D]tbmKn®v Login sNbvX tijw kz¥w Profile eqsS At]£nt°≠XmWv.Hmtcm XkvXnIbv°v At]£n°ptºmgpw ]kvXpX XkvXnItbmsSm∏w ImWp∂ Notification Link se 'Apply Now' ¬ amXw click sNtø≠XmWv. At]£ okv \¬tI≠Xn√. Bhiysa¶n¬cPnkvtSj≥ Im¿Uv Link click sNbvXv Profile se hniZmwißƒ ImWp∂Xn\pw ]n≥dv Hu´v FSpØv kq£n°phm\pw Ignbpw. Pass word clkyambn kq£nt°≠Xpw hy‡nKXhnhcßƒ icnbmsW∂v Dd∏p-hcptØ≠Xpw DtZymKm¿∞nbpsS NpaXebmWv. Hmtcm XkvXnIbv°v At]£n°p∂Xn\v ap≥]pw Xs‚ Profile ¬ Dƒs°m≈n®ncn°p∂ hnhcßƒ icnbmsW∂vDtZymKm¿∞n Dd∏v hcptØ≠XmWv. IΩoj\pambp≈ F√m IØnS]mSpIfnepw User ID ]tXyIw tcJs∏SptØ≠XmWv. IΩoj\p apºmsI Hcn°¬ ka¿∏n®n´p≈ At]£ tkm]m[nIambnkzoIcn°s∏Sp∂XmWv. BbXn\p tijw At]£bn¬ am‰w hcpØphmt\m Hgnhm°phmt\m IgnbpIbn√. Xncs™Sp∏v ]InbbpsS GXhkcØnembmepw ka¿∏n°s∏´ At]£Iƒhn⁄m]\ hyhÿIƒ°v hncp≤ambn ImWp∂ ]£w \ncp]m[nIambn \nckn°p∂XmWv. hnZym`ymk tbmKyX, ]cnNbw, PmXn, hb v apXembh sXfnbn°p∂Xn\p≈ ]amWßfpsS]I¿∏pIƒ IΩoj≥ Bhiys∏Sptºmƒ lmPcm°nbm¬ aXnbmIpw.

]-kv-Xp-X- hn-Pv-Rm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- kw-£n-]v-X- cq-]w- Np-h-sS- tN¿-°p-∂p.- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- C-tXm-sSm-∏w- K-k-‰pw- t\m-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- P-\-d¬- dn-Iq-´v-sa-‚ n-\v- ]n-∂m-°- k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°v- aq-∂p- h¿-j-hpw- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-

I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°v- 5 h¿-j-hpw- h-sc- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- C-f-hv- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- h-b- n-f-hn-s\- kw-_-‘n-®- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-h-c-ßƒ-°v- K-k-¡n-ep-≈- s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- t\m-°p-I.

Xm-sg ]dbp-∂ Xkv-XnIIfn-te°p-≈ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- F-gp-Øp-]-co-£/HFw-B¿- ]co-£- \-S-Øp-∂-]-£w- A¿-l-X-s∏-´- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°p-≈- A-Uv-an-j-≥ Sn-°-‰v- Hm-¨-sse-≥ kw-hn-[m-\-Øn¬- I-Ωo-j-s≥d- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- sh-_v-ssk-‰n-eq-sS- \¬-Ip-∂-Xpw,- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- A-Xv- \n¿-t±-im-\p-k-c-Ww- Uu-¨-tem-Uv- sN-bv-Xv- ]n-≥dv- F-Sp-t°-≠-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.-

H‰ØhW cPn-kv-tSj≥- \SØn-bn-ń-√m-Ø DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- H‰ØhW cPn-kv-tSj≥- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-bXn-\v- tijhpw- \n-ehn¬- cPn-kv-‰¿-sNbv-Xn-´p-≈ DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- Ahcp-sS s]m-ssên-eq-sSbpw- Hm¨-sse\m-bn- IΩo-js‚ sh_v-ssk‰n-eq-sS At]£ ka¿-∏n-t°≠Xm-Wv.-

Akm[mcW Kk‰v XobXn: 29 -05 -2015 Ahkm\ XobXn: 01˛07˛2015 cm-Xn- 12 aWn hsc

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 133/2015eIvNd¿ C≥ kwkvIrXw (P\d¬)

tImtfPv hnZym`ymkw1 hIp∏v : tImtfPv hnZym`ymkw2 DtZymKt∏cv : eIvNd¿ C≥ kwkvIrXw

(P\d¬)3 iºfw : bp.Pn.kn. kvsIbn¬4 HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : 3 (aq∂v)5 \nba\coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w6 ]mbw- : 22˛40, DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ02.01.1975 \pw 01.01.1993 \pw CSbn¬P\n®hcmbncn°Ww. (c≠pXobXnIfpw Dƒs∏sS)(a) a‰p ]n∂m° kapZmbßƒ°v : 22˛43. At]£I¿02.01.1972 \pw 01.01.1993 \pw CSbn¬ \n®hcmbncn°Ww.(c≠pXobXnIfpw Dƒs∏sS).(b) ]ńIPmXn/]ńIh¿§°m¿°v : 22˛45. At]£I¿02.01.1970 \pw- 01.-01.-1993 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.-(c-≠p- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS-).- (h-b- n-f-hn-s\- kw-_-‘n-®- a-‰p- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-°v- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-se- s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- c-≠mw- J-fin-I t\m-°pI)7 tbmKyXIƒ1)A≥]Ønb©v iXam\w (55%) am¿°n¬ IpdbmsX_‘s∏´ hnjbØn¬ _ncpZm\¥c_ncpZw As√¶n¬XØpey tbmKyX D≠mbncn°Ww. IqSmsX sa®s∏´hnZym`ymk \nehmcw ]pe¿Ønbncn°Ww.2) bqWn-th-gv-kn-‰n- Km-‚ v-kv- I-Ωo-j-t\m- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m¿- ]-tXy-Iw- cq-]o-I-cn-®- G-P-≥kn-tbm- C-Xn-\m-bn- \-S-Øp-∂- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn-ep-≈- k-a-K- ]-co-£ (Com-prehensive test) P-bn®n-cn-°-Ww.- tbm-Ky-X- Xp-ey-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ- a-e-bm-f-Øn¬- ]-cn-⁄m-\-ap-≈- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- ap-≥K-W-\- \¬-Ip-∂-X-m-Wv.-Ipdn∏v:- i) ]ńI-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn-se- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Z-Øn-\v- 50%- am¿-°v- a-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. (G.O.(MS) No 2/07/H.Edn dated 04.01.2007)ii) 19.-09.-1991 \v- ap-ºv- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-b- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.- tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Z-Øn-\v- 50%- am¿-°v- a-Xn-bm-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. (G.O.(MS) No 2/07/H.Edn dated 04.01.2007)iii) _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.- tbm-Ky-X- t\-Sn-b-h-sc- bp.-Pn.-kn.-bp-sS- k-a-K- ]-co-£- (s\-‰v-)- ]m- m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂- \n-_-‘-\-bn¬- \n-∂v- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.- (G.O.(MS) No. 86/07/H.Edn dated 19.06.2007)iv) ta¬-∏-d-™- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-bv-°p-≈- sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n- Km-‚ v-kv- I-Ωo-j-≥ Aw-Ko-I-cn-®n-´p-≈- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-Iƒ- \¬-Ip-∂- _n-cp-Z-ßƒ- am-X-ta- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-I-bp-≈p.-v)KS & SSR Part II Rule 10 (a) ii _m[IamWv.

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 134/2015Ubdn sIanÃv/Ubdn _mŒocntbmfPnÃv/

Ubdn ssatIm_tbmfPnÃvtIcf tIm-Hm∏td‰ohv an¬-°v am¿-°‰nwKv

sÛtdj≥ enan‰Uv.]m¿- v I (P\d¬- Im‰Kdn)

1. ÿm]\w : tIcf tIm-Hm∏td‰ohv an¬-°vam¿-°‰nwKv sÛtdj≥enan‰Uv.

2.DtZymKt∏cv : Ubdn sIanÃv/Ubdn_mŒocntbmfPnÃv/Ubdn ssatIm_tbmfPnÃv

3.iºfw : ` 10020˛20070/-4.HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : 1 (H∂v)Ipdn∏v: - 1) Cu Hgnhv Ct∏mƒ \nehnep≈Xpw CuXkvXnIbv°v tIcf tIm-Hm∏td‰ohv an¬-°v am¿-°‰nwKvsÛtdj≥ enan‰Un¬-\n∂pw Adnbn® Hcp Hgnhv P\d¬-hn`mKw (]m¿´v I) skmssk-‰n- hn-`m-Kw- (]m¿-´-v II) F∂nhbv-°v- 1:-1 F-∂- A-\p-]m-X-Øn¬- hn-`-Pn-®-t∏mƒ- P-\-d¬ hn-`m-K-Øn-\p- am-X-am-bn- e-`n-®n-´p-≈ÄáÎÞµáKá.- H-gn-hp-I-fn-se- B-Zy- Du-gw- P-\-d¬ hn-`m-K-Øn-\p-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.- Sn- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- \n-∂pw- C-\n-bpw- F-gp-Xn- A-dn-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- H-gn-hp-Iƒ.- 1:-1 F-∂ A-\p-]m-X-Øn¬- ta¬- hn-`-P-\-Øn-\v- Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn- hn-`-Pn-®v- P-\-d¬- Im-‰-K-dn-bn¬- \n-∂pw- skm-ssk-‰n-Im-‰-K-dn-bn¬- - \n-∂pw- \n-I-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.- skm-ssk-‰n- hn-`m-K-Øn-\m-bn- am-‰n- h-bv-°-s∏-Sp-∂- H-gn-hp-Iƒ- ]m-¿-´v- II - B-bn-]-tXy-I- hn-⁄m-]-\w- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®v- \n-I-Øp-∂-Xm-Wv.- sI.-F-kv.-B-‚ v- F-kv.-F-kv.-B¿.- se- P-\-d¬- dqƒ-kv- 14 ap-X¬-17 h-sc-bp-≈- kw-h-c-W- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- ]m-en-®m-bn-cn-°pw- c-≠p- en-Ãn-epw- \n-∂p-ap-≈- \n-b-a-\-ßƒ.-2) KCS ºG¢ 184 dÉµÞø¢ ©çÆcÞKJßW ÈßÏÎßAæM¿áKÕVØVÕîàØßW dÉçÕÖßAáK ÄàÏÄß ÎáÄW Äá¿VºîÏÞÏß ÎâKáÕV×æJ ØVÕ î àØßÈ áUßW øIá ÕV×AÞÜ¢dÉÞçÌ×ÈßÜÞÏßøßAá¢.5. \nba\coXn : t\cn´pff \nba\w.6. ]mbw : 18-˛40 DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ 02/01/1975 \pw 01/01/1997 \panSbn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠p- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw-Dƒ-s∏-sS-)- a-‰p- ]n-t∂m-°- hn-`m-K-Øn¬- - Dƒ-s∏-´-h¿-°pw,-]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-I-h¿-§-hn-`m-K-Øn-ep-≈-h¿-°pw- \n-b-am-\p-kr-Xw- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-b- h-b- n-f-hv- e-`n-°p-∂-XmWv.(hb nfhns\ kw_‘n® a‰p hyhÿIƒ°v ]m¿´v II -˛se s]mXp hyhÿIfnse 2-˛mw JfinI t\m°pI).Ipdn∏v : bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 50(A-º-Xv-)- h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- D-b¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ-°v- Cu- hn-P-Rm-]-\-Øn-s‚-- ]m¿-´v- II -se- s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)- t\m-°p-I.- 09.-03.-1998˛- se- k¿-°m¿- D-Ø-c-hv- (]n-)- \-º¿- 41/-98 ˛- ]-d-bp∂ - C-cp-]-Øn-sbm-≥]-Xv- k-l-I-c-W- ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-¬- - Fw-tπm-bv-sa-‚ v- F-Iv-kv-tN©v- ap-tJ-\- Xm¬--°m-en-I-am-bn- (s]m-hn-j-W-

¬--)- \n-b-a-\w- e-`n-®n-´p-≈-h¿-°v- (k¿-∆o-kn-¬-Xp-S-cp∂-h-tcm-]n-cn-®p- hn-S-s∏-ń-´p-≈-h-tcm- B-bn-´p-≈-h¿-) H-cp- h¿-j-Øn-¬- - Ip-d-bm-sX- k¿-∆o-kv- D-≈- ]-£w- X-ß-fp-sS- k¿-∆o-kn-s‚- ssZ¿-Ly-tØm-fw- D-b¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn-¬- C-f-hv- \¬--Ip∂Xm-Wv.- F∂m¬-- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn-ep-≈- Cu- C-f-hv- ]-c-am-h-[n- A©p- h¿-j-°m-e-tØ-bv-°p- am-X-ta- e-`n-°p-I-bp-≈p.-H-cn-°¬ ÿn-c-am-b- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬-(sd-Kp-e¿- t_-kn-kv-)-\n-b-a-\w- e-`n-®p- I-gn-™m-¬ Cu- B-\p-Iq-eyw- a-t‰-sX-¶n-epw- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-bv-°p-≈- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- \¬-Ip∂X√.- Cu-B-\p-Iq-eyw- e-`n-t°≠h¿- B- hn-h-cw- A-t]-£-bn-se- \n¿-±n-„- tIm-f-Øn-¬ Im-Wn-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xpw- _-‘-s∏-´- k-l-I-c-W- ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-se- h-Ip-∏v-/-Hm- o-kv- ta-[m-hn-bn-¬- \n-t∂m-\n-b-a-\m-[n-Im-cn-bn¬-- \n-t∂m- Xm¬-°m-en-I- \n-b-a-\-Øn-en-cp∂ X-kv-Xn-I-bp-sS- t]-cv,- i-º-f- \n-c-°v,- h-Ip-∏v,- ÿm-]-\w,-tPm-en-bn-¬- ]-th-in-®- Xo-b-Xn,- ]n-cn-®p-hn-S-s∏-´- Xo-b-Xn- ap-X-em-b- hn-i-Z-hn-h-c-ßƒ- hy-‡-am-°p∂ k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- (A- ¬--)- I-Ωn-j-≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂- k-a-b-Øv- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.- ]-kv-Xp-X- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n-¬- A-t]-£-I-≥ k-l-I-c-W- ÿm-]-\-Øn-se- d-Kp-e¿- k¿-∆o-kn-e-√ tPm-en- t\m-°n-bn-cp∂sX∂v- tc-J-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠Xm-Wv.- A-]-Im-cw- lm-P-cm-°-s∏-Sp∂- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- (A- ¬-)- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- a-S-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂X√.-7. tbmKyXIƒ- :1) _n.sSIv. (Ubdn kb≥-kv B‚ v sSIvt\mfPn)As√¶n¬ XØpey tbmKyX.

As√¶n¬-Ubdn sIankvSn/Ubdn ssatIm _tbmfPn/UbdnIzmfn‰n I¨-tSmƒ- F∂nhbn¬ GsX¶nepsam∂nep≈Fw.Fkv.kn. _ncpZw. As√¶n¬-Ubdn Izmfn‰n I¨-tSm-fnep≈ ]n.Pn. Untπma2) Ubdn Izmfn‰n I¨-tSm-ƒ em_n¬ aq∂v (3) h¿-jsØ sXmgn¬ ]cnNbw.Ipdn∏v:- Rule 10(a)(ii) of Part II, KS&SSR Cu sXcs™Sp∏n\v_m[IamWv.DtZymKm¿-∞nIƒ- sXmgn¬-]cnNbw sXfnbn°p∂Xn\vlmPcmt°≠ kń^n°‰v XmsgsImSpØncn°p∂amXrIbn¬ Bbncn°Ww.ÿm]\Øns‚ t]cv :(Iº\n/tIm¿∏tdj≥/Kh¨sa‚ v Un∏m¿´vsa‚ v/klIcW ÿm]\ßƒ apXembh)cPnÃ¿ \º¿ :(sNdpInS hyhkmb cPnkvtSj≥ \º¿As√¶n¬- at‰sX¶nepw cPnkvtSj≥ \º¿)cPnÃ¿ sNbvX XobXnbpw FhnsScPnÃ¿ sNbvXp F∂pw. :

]cnNb k¿ń^n°‰vio./ioaXn- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-bp-sS- t]-cpw- ta¬-hn-em-k-hpw-)- ap-I-fn¬-]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂- Bƒ- Cu- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- ˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛- (X-kv-Xn-I-bp-sS- t]-cv- /- tPm-en-bp-sS- kz-`m-hw- C-h-bn-te-sX-¶n-epw-)- B-bn- -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛ -˛ -˛ -˛ -˛ -cq -] - am -k- i-º-f -Øn¬-/ -Zn -h -k- i-º-fØn¬-˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ apX¬- ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ hsc ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ -


- - - - - - - - - h¿-jw- - - - - - - - - - - - -am-kw- - - - - - -- - - - -Zn-h-kw- tPm-en- t\m-°n-bn-´p-≠v- /-tPm-en- t\m-°n- h-cn-I-bm-Wv- F-∂v- C-Xn-\m¬- k¿-ń-ss^- sN-øp-∂p.-

k¿ń^n°‰v \¬-Ip∂ hy‡nbpsSXobXn klnXapff H∏v, t]cv,

ÿew : HutZymKnI ]Zhn,XobXn : ÿm]\Øns‚ t]cv.

(Hmôkv ko¬-)km£y]Xw

˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ ˛ -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛- F-∂- \n-b-a-Øn¬-/-N-´-Øn¬- hy-h-ÿ- sN-øpw- ]-Im-cw- ÿm-]-\- D-S-a-ÿ-≥/-sXm-gn-ep-S-a- \n¿-_-‘-am-bpw- kq-£n-°p-hm-≥ _m-≤y-X-s∏-´- ˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛- c-Pn-Ã¿- ]-cn-tim-[n-®v- (_-‘-s∏-´- c-Pn-Ã-dn-s‚- t]-cv-)- ta¬- ]-cn-N-b- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰n¬- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂-io.-/-io-a-Xn-F-∂- Po-h-\-°m-c-≥ C-Xn¬- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂- Im-e-b-f-hn-¬- Sn- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -B-bn- tPm-en- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p-/-tPm-en- sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂v- C-Xn-\m¬-km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.-Rm-≥ tI-c-f-/-tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-´p-f-f- -˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-˛-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - F-∂- N- -]-Im-cw- Sn- ÿm-]-\-Øn-

se- Po-h-\-°m-cp-sS- tk-h-\- hy-h-ÿ-I-sf- kw-_-‘n-®v- ÿm-]-\-bp-S-a- kq-£n-t°-≠- c-Pn-Ã¿- ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-hm-≥ A-[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- DtZymKÿ\mWv.

N´]Imcw/ \nba]Imcwÿm]\Ønse Poh\°mcpsStkh\ hyhÿIƒ

ÿew : km£ys∏SpØphm≥A[nImcs∏SpØnb

XobXn : DtZymKÿs‚ XobXn klnXapffH∏v, t]cv, DtZymKt∏cv, Bôkv.

(Hmôkv ko¬-)Ipdn∏v: -(1) tPmen sNbvXncp∂ XkvXnIbpsS t]cvAs√¶n¬ tPmenbpsS kz`mhw AXmbXv Imjz¬sXmgnemfn As√¶n¬ iºftØmSpIqSntbm A√msXtbmD≈ A]‚okv As√¶n¬ ÿnctam Xmev°menItam BbsXmgnemfn ChbnteXmtWm AXv kqNn∏n°Ww.(2) F-√m- ]-cn-N-b- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰p-I-fpw- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- _-‘-s∏-´- \n-b-¥-W- A-[n-Im-cn-/-ta-e-[n-Im-cn-sb-sIm-≠v- km-£y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰p-I-fp-sS- k-Xym-h-ÿ- ]-cn-tim-[-\-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-°p-∂-Xpw- hym-P- k-¿-ń-^n-°-‰p-Iƒ-\-¬-Ip-∂-h-cp-sS-bpw- lm-P-cm-°p-∂- DtZymKÿcpsSbpwt]cn¬ \nbam\pkrXamb \S]SnIƒ kzoIcn°p∂XmWv.11. s]mXp hyhÿIfnse 2˛-mw JfinIbnse V,VIII, IX,X, XI ,XII ,XIII F∂o D]JfinIIfpw 7˛mw JfinIbpwta¬∏d™ DtZymKØn\v _m[Ia√.

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 135/2015sÃt\mKm^¿

^m¿-akyqń°¬ tIm¿-∏tdj≥(sF.Fw) tIcf enan‰Uv

1 ÿm]\Øns‚ t]cv: ^m¿-akyqń°¬ tIm¿-∏tdj≥(sF.Fw) tIcf enan‰Uv

2 DtZymKt∏cv : sÃt\mKm^¿3 iºfw : ` 6080˛9830/-4HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : 1 (H∂v)5 \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w6 ]mbw- : 18˛-36.- 02.01.1979 \pw 01.01.1997 \panSbn¬ P\n®hcmbncn°Ww. (c≠p XobXnIfpw Dƒ-s∏sS) a‰p ]nt∂m° hn`mKØn¬ Dƒ-s∏´h¿-°pw]ńIPmXn / ]ńI h¿-§ hn`mKØn¬ Dƒ-s∏´h¿-°pw\nbam\pkrX Cfhp≠mbncn°pw.Ipdn∏v :- ]-kv-Xp-X- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- s]m-hn-j-W-em-bn- tPm-en- t\m-°n-bn-´p-≈-h¿- B-Zy-sØ- s]m-hn-j-W¬- \n-b-a-\-°m-e-Øv- \n-›n-X- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- I-gn-™n-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬- A-h-cp-sS- s]m-hn-j-W¬- k¿-∆o-kn-s‚- ssZ¿-Ly-tØm-fw- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- C-f-hv- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- F-∂m¬-]-c-am-h-[n- A-©p-h¿-j-°m-ew- am-X-ta- Cu- B-\p-Iq-eyw- e-`n-°p-I-bp-≈p.- Sn- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- d-Kp-e¿- D-tZym-Kw h-ln-°p-∂-h¿-°vv- ho-≠pw a-s‰m-cp- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- Cu- B-\p-Iq-eyw-e-`n-°p-∂-X-√. s]m-hn-j-W¬- k¿-∆o-kp-≈-h¿- k¿-∆o-kn-s‚- ssZ¿-Lyw- Im-Wn-°p-∂- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- hm-ßn- ssI-h-iw- kq-£n-t°-≠-Xpw- I-Ωo-j-≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.- A-h¿- d-Kp-e¿- k¿-∆o-kn-e-√- tPm-en- t\m-°n-bn-cp-∂-sX-∂v- k-¿- n- n-°-‰n¬- ]-tXy-Iw- ]-d-™n-cn-°-Ww.(hb nfhns\ kw_‘n® a‰phyhÿIƒ-°v Cuhn⁄m]\Ønse ]m¿- v 2-se s]mXphyhÿIƒ JfinI2(i),(ii), (iii), (iv) (vi), (vii) & (xii) t\m°pI.)7. tbmKyXIƒ :- (1) GsX¶nepw Hcp AwKoIrX k¿-¿-∆Iemimebn¬ \n∂pw e`n® _ncpZw.(2) ssS∏vssd‰nwKv (Cw•ojv) lb¿ sI.Pn.‰n.C As√¶n¬XØpeyw(3) tjm¿- vlm≥-Uv- (Cw•ojv) lb¿ sI.Pn.‰n.C As√¶n¬XØpeyw

(4) ssS∏vssd‰nwKv (aebmfw) temh¿ sI.Pn.‰n.C(5) tjm¿-´vlm≥-Uv- (aebmfw) temh¿ sI.Pn.‰n.CIpdn∏v: sI.Fkv. B‚ vFkv.Fkv.B¿.]m¿-´v II hnse dqƒ10(a) ii _m[IamWv11 (a) s]mXp hyhÿIfnse c≠mw JfinIbnse (v),(viii), (ix), (x), (xi) & (xiii) F∂o- D-]-J-fin-I-I-fpw- 6,- 7 F-∂o-J-fin-I-I-fpw- ta¬-∏-d-™- D-tZym-K-Øn-\v- _m-[Ia√(b) ta¬-∏-d-™- ÿm-]-\-Øn-te-bv-°p-≈- \n-b-a-\w- A-h¿-Im-em-Im-e-ß-fn¬- h-cp-Øp-∂- N-´-ßƒ-°pw- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-°pw- hn-t[-b-am-bn-cn-°pw.-

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 136/2015^pƒ-ssSw- Pq\nb¿ emwtKzPv So®¿ (DdpZp)

hnZym`ymkw1.hIp∏v : hnZym`ymkw2.DtZymKt∏cv : ^pƒ-ssSw- Pq\nb¿ emwtKzPv

So®¿ (DdpZp)3.iºfw : ` 11,620˛20,240/-4. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : Pn√mSnÿm\Øn¬

ae∏pdw - 1 (H∂v)04.04.2013 se GO(P) No. 30/2013/SJD ]Imcw CuXkvXnIbv°v 3% HgnhpIƒ n∂tijnbp≈ DtZymKm¿-∞nIƒ-°mbn kwhcWw sNbvXncn°p∂p. (Locomotordisabiltiy/Cerebral pasly, low vision).5. \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w.6. ]mbw- : 18-˛40. D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-Iƒ- 02/-01/-1975\pw- 01/-01/-1997\pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠p- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS-)- (a-‰p- ]n-t∂m-°- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-Dƒ-s]-´-h¿-°pw-,- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-I-h¿-§- hn-`m-K-Øn-ep-≈-h-cv-°pw- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- h-b- n-f-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw-).-Ipdn∏v :- bmsXm-cp-Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b-cv-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 50(A-≥]-Xv-)- h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- D-b¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- A-\p-h-Zn-®n- p-≈- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-fv-°v-\- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-¿-- v - II- se-s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)- t\-m°pI.7. tbmKyXIƒ :- (1) Fkv.Fkv.F¬.kn As√¶n¬XØpeyamb tbmKyX.(2) tIcfØnse k¿-∆IemimeIƒ \¬-Ip∂tXmAwKoIcn®n´p≈tXm Bb DdpZp `mjbnep≈ _ncpZw.

As√¶n¬tIcfØn-se- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-Iƒ- \¬-Ip-∂-tXm- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®n-´p-≈-tXm- B-b- ]u-c-kv-Xy-`m-j- (D-dp-Zp-)- ]-T-\-Øn-ep-≈-ssS‰n¬

As√¶n¬tIc-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- \-S-Øp-∂-B-Un-_v.-sF.-^m-kn¬- (]n-en-an-\-dn-)- (D-dp-Zp-)- ]-co-£- ]m-km-bn-cn-°-W-w.

As√¶n¬tIcf Kh¨-sa‚ v ]co£m IΩojW¿ \SØp∂ DdpZplb¿ ]co£ ]mkmbncn°Ww.Ipdn∏v :- sI.Fkv. B‚ v Fkv. Fkv. B¿ dqƒ 10 a (ii) CuXkvXnIbv°v _m[IamWv.(i) GXp hnjbØnemWv _ncpZhpw ssS‰nepw t\SnbXvF∂v hy‡am°Ww.(ii) tI-c-f-Øn-\v- ]p-d-Øp-≈- k¿-hI-em-im-e-I-fn¬- \n-∂pw-BA-/-ssS-‰n¬- t\-Sn-b-h¿- B-b-Xv- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bv-°v- \n-jv-I-¿-jn-®n-´p-≈- tbm-Ky-X-bv-°p- Xp-ey-am-bn- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-epw- k-¿-h-I-em-im-e- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- D-Ø-c-hn-s‚- \-º¿,- Xo-b-Xn- F-∂n-h- A-t]-£-bn¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xpw- D-Ø-c-hn-s‚- ]-I-¿-∏v- I-Ωo-j-≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.-8. ]mb-]-cn-[n,- \n-b-a-\w- C-h- kw-_-‘n-®- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-ƒ :- (i) \n-›n-X- tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈- P-hm-∑m-cp-sS- `m-cy-am-¿-°v- D-tZym-K- \n-b-a-\-°m-cy-Øn¬- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- kw-h-c-W- \n-b-a-ß-fv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- 12.-02.-1970se- K-h-¨-sa‚ v-Hm-¿-U-¿- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 50/-70/-]n.-Un.,- 21/-01/-1978se- Pn.-H.- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 9/-78/-Pn.-F-Uyq- F-∂n-h- A-\p-k-cn-®v-ap-≥-K-W-\- \-¬--Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-ß-s\-bp-≈-h¿- `--Ømhn-s‚-t]-cv,- an-en-´-dn- dm-¶v,- an-en-´-dn- A-U-kv- ap-X-em-b- ssk-\n-I-tk-h-\- hn-h-c-ßƒ- D-ƒ-s∏-Sp-∂- k-¿-ń--^n-°-‰v- _-‘-s∏-´- I-am-‚nw-Kv- B-ô-k-dp-sS- ]-°¬- \n-∂pw- t\-Sn-b-Xv- I-Ωo-j-≥B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.- tk-h-\-cw-K-Øp-≈- ]-´m-f-°m-sc-bpw- t_-kv- F-Ãm-ªn-jv-sa-‚n¬- ]-h-cv-Ønp-°p-∂-h-sc-bp-am-Wv- P-hm-∑m-cp-sS- ]-ń-I-bn¬- D-ƒ-s∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- [ -Pn.-H.- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 509/-64/-F-Uyq- Xo-b-Xn-19.-09.-1964,- Pn.-H.- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 614/-65/-F-Uyq.- Xo-b-Xn-09.-11.-1965,- Pn.-H.- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 243/-66/-F-Uyq.- Xo-b-Xn-27.-05.-1966]- Cu- hn-`m-K-Øn-¬-s∏-Sp-∂- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-Iƒ- Xm-¶ƒ--°vv- G-sX-¶n-epw- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- ap-≥-KW-\- e-`n-°p-hm-≥A¿--l-X-bp-t≠m- F-∂-Xn¬- D-≠v- F-∂v- sX-c-s™-Sp-°p-I-bpw- ap-≥-K-W-\- kw-_-‘n-®- hn-i-Zmw-i-ßƒ- Xp-S-¿-∂v- tc-J-

s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sN-tø-≠-Xm-Wv.-(ii) kwÿm\sØ Un∏m¿-´psa‚¬ sslkvIqfn¬Ipd™]£w- A-©p-h¿-jw- k¿-∆o-kp-≈- em-_-d-´-dn- A-‰-≥U¿-am-sc- A-h¿-°v- \n-›n-X-tbm-Ky-X-bp-≈- ]-£w- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-h¿- k¿-∆o-kn¬- ]-th-in-®- Xo-b-Xn-bpw- sam-Øw- tk-h-\-°m-e-hpw- Im-Wn-°p-∂- H-cp- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- _-‘-s∏-´- sl-Uv- am-Ã-dn¬- \n-∂pw- hm-ßn- I-Ωo-j-≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.- k¿-∆o-kv- B-\p-Iq-eyw- e-`n-°p-∂- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- kw-h-c-Wm-\p-Iq-eyw- e-`n-°p-∂-X-√.- (Pn.-H.-(Fw.-kv-)- \w- 315/-62 F-Uyp.- Xo-b-Xn- 14.-05.-62)-(iii) ^Ãv ¢mkv- kv-Iu-´v-kn-epw- ssK-Uv-kn-epw-s]-´-h¿-°v-\n-b-a-\-°m-cy-Øn¬- ap-≥K-W-\- \¬-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.- (Pn.-H.- (Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º¿- 122/-75/-P-\-d¬- F-Uyq-t°-j-≥ Xo-b-Xn- 27.-05.-1975).- Cu- ap-≥K-W-\- 12.-02.-1970 se- Pn.-H- (Fw.-F-kv-)- 50/-70/-P-D- bn-se- \n-_-‘-\-Iƒ-°v- hn-t[-b-a-mbncn°pw.Ipdn∏v :- Xm-sg- s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-I-fn¬- c-≠mw- J-fin-I-bn¬-]-d-bp-∂-h- B-b- G-sX-¶n-epw- Im-c-W-ß-fm¬- D-b-¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°m-≥ A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿- B-hn-h-cw- A-t]-£-bp-sS- \n-›n-X- tIm-f-Øn¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xpw- A-√m-Ø-]-£w- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- I-gn-™p- F-∂- Im-c-W-Øm¬- A-t]-£- \n-c-kn-°-s∏-Sm-≥ C-S-bp-≈-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.- bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b-¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-50 h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√m-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p.- (s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- J-fin-I- 2 Im-Wp-I-).-

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 137/2015Pq\nb¿ sl¬-Øv C≥-kvs]Œ¿ tKUv II

ap\n-kn∏¬ tIma¨ k¿-∆okv1.hIp∏v : ap\n-kn∏¬ tIma¨ k¿-∆okv2.DtZymKt∏cv : Pq\nb¿ sl¬-Øv C≥-kvs]Œ¿

tKUv II3.iºfw : ` 11,620-˛20,240/-4. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : Pn√mSnÿm\Øn¬

Xr»q¿ - 4 (\mev)ae∏pdw - 1 (H∂v)CSp°nImkdtKmUv ]Xo£nXhb\mSv HgnhpIƒ

5. \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w.6. ]mbw- : 18˛-36.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- 02.-01. -1979\pw- 01.-01.-1997\pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠p-Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS-).- a-‰p- ]n-t∂m-°- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°pw,- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn-/-]- n-I-h¿-§- hn- m-K-Øn-ep-≈-h¿-°pw- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- C-f-hp-≠m-bn-c-n-°pw.-t\m-´v-:- -bm-sXm-cp-Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b-¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 50(A-≥-]-Xv-)- h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- D-b-¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-ƒ--°v-- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-¿-´v- II-se- s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)- t\m-°p-I.-7. tbmKyXIƒ :-1)Fkv.Fkv.F¬.kn ]m mbncn°Ww.2)km\n´dn C≥-kvs]tŒgvkv k¿-ń^n°‰v (t_mws_As√¶n¬ aZmkv)

As√¶n¬Xncph\¥]pcw saUn°¬ tImtfPn¬ \n∂pw e`n®n´p≈sl¬-Øv C≥-kvs]tŒgvkv k¿-ń^n°‰v

As√¶n¬Bƒ C¥y-m C≥-Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v tem°¬ sk¬-^vKhs◊v‚ v t_mws_ \¬-Ip∂ km\n´dn C≥-kvs]tŒgvkv k¿-ń^n°‰v

As√¶n¬\m-j-W¬- Iu-¨-kn¬- t^m¿- dq-d¬- l-b¿- F-Uyp-t°-j-≥ \¬-Ip-∂- km-\n-´-dn- C-≥kv-s]-tŒ-gv-kv- tIm-gv-kn-ep-≈-k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v-

As√¶n¬X-h-\q¿- dq-d¬- C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- \-S-Øp-∂- km-\n-´-dn- C-≥kv-s]-tŒ-gv-kv- sS-bn-\nw-Kv- tIm-gv-kv- ]m- m-bn-cn-°-Ww-Ipdn∏v:- Cu XkvXnIbnte°p≈ sXcs™Sp∏n\vKS&SSR Part II Rule 10 (a) (ii) _m[IamWv.

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 138/2015Ip°v

]ńIPmXn hnIk\hIp∏v1. hIp∏v : ]ńIPmXn hnIk\hIp∏v2. DtZymKt∏cv :Ip°v3. iºfw :` 8,500˛-13,210/-4. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw :Pn√m-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬-

- -sIm-√w ]-Xo-£n-X- H-gn-hp-Iƒ-- -F-d-Wm-Ip-fw 5 (A©v)

5. \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w.


P\d¬ dnIq´vsa‚v (Pn-√m-Xew)-

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 5

6. ]mbw- : 18˛-36.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- 02.-01.-1979\pw- 01.-01.-1997 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠p-Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏- sS-).- a-‰p- ]n-t∂m-°- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°pw-,- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn-/-]- n-I-h¿-§- hn- m-K-Øn-ep-≈-h¿-°pw- \n-b-am-\p-kr-X- C-f-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.-t\m-´v-:- bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b-¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 50(A-≥-]Xv-)- h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- D-b¿--∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-ƒ-°v- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-¿-´v-II- se- s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)- t\m-°p-I.-7. tbmKyXIƒ :-1)]Ømw Ãm≥-tU¿-Uv ]m mbncn°Ww As√¶n¬XØp√y tbmKyX t\Snbncn°Ww.2) Khs◊‚ v ^pUvIm^v‰v C≥-Ãn‰yqń¬ \n∂pw e`n®^pUv s]mU£\nep≈ sI.Pn.kn.C (K.G.C.E)As√¶n¬ tIcf k¿-°m¿ AwKoIcn® at‰sX¶nepwXØp√y tbmKyX.Ipdn∏v:- sI.Fkv.B‚ v.Fkv.Fkv.B¿ ]m¿-´v II- se dqƒ10 (a) ii _m[IamWv.s]mt_j≥ : sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-∂- F-√m- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fpw- k¿-∆o-kn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂- Xo-b-Xn- ap-X¬- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- aq-∂p- h¿-j-Øn-\p-≈n¬- H-cp- h¿-jw- s]m-t_-j-\n-em-bn-cn-°pw.-

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 139/2015lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ So®¿

amØam‰nIvkv(kvs]jy¬ dnIq vsa‚v - ] nIPmXn/] nIh¿-§w)

lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZym`ymkw1.hIp∏v : lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZym`ymkw2 DtZymKt∏cv : lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ So®¿

amØam‰nIvkv (kvs]jy¬dnIq´v sa‚ v - ]ńIPmXn/]ńIh¿-§w )

3 iºfw : ` 20,740˛36,140 /-4HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : 05 (A©v)5 \nba\coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w

(kvs]jy¬-dnIq´vsa‚ v -]ńIPmXn/]ńIh¿-§w)

Ipdn∏v:- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn-/-]- n-I-h¿-§-Øn-¬-s∏-Sm-Ø- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-S-Iƒ- k-a-¿-∏n-°p-∂- A-t]-£-Iƒ- \n-c-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-ß-s\-bp-f-f-h¿--°v- A-t]-£- \n-c-kn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈- A-dn-bn-∏v- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- \-¬-Ip-∂-X-√.-6 -]m-b-w- -:- -20˛45D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-I-ƒ- 02.-01.-1970 \pw- 01.-01.-1995 \p- an-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠v- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- D-ƒ-s∏-sS-).-(h-b- n-f-hn-s\- kw-_-‘n-®- \n-e-hn-ep-f-f- a-‰v- A-\p-Iq-ey-ß-sfm-∂pw- Cu- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- _m-[-I-a-√-)-Ip-dn-∏v-:- -\n-›n-X- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn-ep-≈- tbm-Ky-cm-b- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- D-b-¿-∂ ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn-¬- 50 h-b- p-h-sc- C-f-hv- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- 50 h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√.-7 tbmKyXIƒ-: I tIcfØn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- 50%- am¿-°n¬- Ip-d-bm-sX- _-‘-s∏-´-hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Zw- A-s√-¶n¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- X-Øp-ey-am-bn-Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn-ep-≈- tbm-Ky-X- t\-Sn-bn-cn-°WwII (1) tIcfØnse G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂pw- d-Kp-e¿- ]-T-\-Øn-eq-sS- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n.-F-Uv.- _n-cp-Zw- A-s√-¶n¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- X-Øp-ey-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- tbm-Ky-X-tbm- t\-Sn-bn-cn-°-Ww.-(2)- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- _n.-F-Uv.- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-bn-´p-≈- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- _-‘-s∏- - m-°¬-‰n-bn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n.-F-Uv.- _ncpZw. (B.Ed. Degree acquiredin the concerned facutly as specified in the Acts and Statuesof any of the Universtiy in Kerala)(3) apIfn¬ kqNn∏n® C\w 1 Dw 2 Dw ]Imcw _n.FUv._ncpZw t\-Sn-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- d-Kp-e¿- ]-T-\-Øn-eq-sS- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b-_n.-F-Uv.- _n-cp-Z-tam- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- C-Xn-\v- X-Øp-ey-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- tbm-Ky-X-tbm-D-≠m-bncn°Ww.

As√¶n¬-\mjW¬ Iu¨-kn¬ t^m¿ FUyqt°j≥ dnk¿-®vB‚ v sSbn\nwKv (NCERT) kvt]m-¨-k¿- sN-øp-∂- G-sX-¶n-epw- ]m-tZ-in-I- hn-Zym-`ym-k- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- (do-Pn-b-W¬-C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- F-Uyq-t°-j-≥)- \n-∂pw- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- 50 i-X-am-\-Øn¬- Ip-d-bm-Ø- am¿-t°m-sS- t\-Sn-b-Fw.-F-kv.-kn.-F-Uv.- ]m-km-bn-cn-°-Ww.III tI-c-f- k-¿-°m-¿- t\-cn-t´m- tI-c-f- k-¿-°m-¿- A-[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- H-cp- G-P-≥-kn-- ap-tJ-\-tbm- l-b-¿-sk--°-‚-dn- kv-Iqƒ-A-≤ym-]-I- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\m-bn- \-S-Øp-∂- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- (sk-‰v-)- ]m-km-bn-cn-°-Ww.-Ipdn∏v (1) tIcfØnse GsX¶nepw Hcp k¿-∆IemimeAwKoIcn® _‘s∏´ hnjbØnep≈ Fw.FUv. _ncpZwt\Snb DtZymKm¿-∞nIsf _n.FUv. tbmKyXbn¬ \n∂pwHgnhm°nbn´p≠v.(2) tbmKyX kw_‘n® KS&SSR Part II Rule 10(a)ii CuXkvXnIbv°v _m[IamWv.]tXyI CfhpIƒ-1) tI-c-f- k-¿-°m-¿- \-S-Øp-∂- tIm-tf-Pv- e-Iv-N-d¿- X-kv-Xn-I-\n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- G-¿-s∏Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈- kw-ÿm-\-X-e- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- P-bn-®- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-I-sf- l-b-¿-sk-°-‚-dn-kv-Iqƒ- A-≤ym-]-I- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- \n-jv-I¿-jn-®n-cn-°p-∂- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- (sk-‰v-)- P-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-2) \m-j-W¬- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- ]-co-£-tbm- Pq-\n-b¿- dn-k-cv-®v-s^-t√m-jn-t∏m- P-bn-®- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- hn-P-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-3) ]n.-F-®v.-Un.-/-Fw.-F-Uv-/- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-epw- Aw-Ko-Ir-X- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- _-‘-s∏- - hn-j-b-Øn¬-t\-Sn-b- Fw.-^n-ev.- A-s√-¶n¬- X-Øp-ey- tbm-Ky-X- t\-Sn-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- P-bn-°-Ww-F-∂- \n-_-‘-\-bn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-4) s]m-Xp- hn-Zym-`ym-k- h-Ip-∏n¬- ssl-kv-Iqƒ- X-e-Øn¬- ]-Øv- h¿-j-sØ- Aw-Ko-Ir-X- A-≤ym-]-\- ]-cn-N-bw- ]q-cv-Øn-bm-°n-b- A-≤ym-]-I-sc- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- ]m-km-I-Ww- F-∂- \n-_-‘-\-bn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-Ipdn∏v: lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ So®¿ F∂XpsIm≠v A¿-∞dam°p∂Xv apgph≥ kab lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒA≤ym]I XkvXnIsb∂mWv.11 s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- c-≠pw,- aq-∂pw,- C-cp-]-Øn-A-©pw-J-fin-I-I-fn-se- (25˛mw- J-fin-I-bn-se- tI-c-f- tÃ-‰v- B-‚ v-k-t_m¿-Un-t\-‰v- k¿-∆o-kv- N-´-ß-fp-sS- c-≠mw- `m-K-Øp-f-f-3(c) hIp∏ns\- kw-_-‘n-®- N-´-ßƒ- H-gn-sI-bp-f-f-)- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- Cu- sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- _m-[-I-a-√.-12 \n-b-a-\-ßƒ- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\w- B-kv-]-Z-am-°n- X-øm-dm-°p-∂- en-Ãn-se- dm-¶v- A-\p-k-cn-®pw- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-/-]-ń-I-h-cv-§- °m-cv-°m- bp-≈- ]-tXy-I- kw-h-c-Ww- kw-_-‘n-®- 13.-04.-1972 se- Pn.-H.-(Fw.-F-kv.-)- \-º-cv- 142/-72/-P-D,- 29.-11.-1973 se- Pn.-H.-(Fw.-F-kv-)- \-º-cv- 309/-73/-P-D,- 17.-01.-1976se-Pn.-H.-(]n-)- \-º-cv- 21/-76/-]n.-Un,- 22.-01.-1994 se- Pn.-H.-(]n-)-25/-94/-Pn.-F.-Un.- F-∂o- k-cv-°m- ¿- D-Ø-c-hp-I-fn-se- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-A-\p-k-cn-®pw,- \n-b-a-\-°m-cy-Øn¬- A-t∏m-g-t∏mƒ- D-≠m-Ip-∂- ]-tXy-I- N-´-ßƒ- A-\p-k-cn-®pw- 1958 se- tI-c-f- tÃ-‰v-B-‚ v- k-t_m¿-Un-t\-‰v- k¿-∆o-kv- N-´-ß-fp-sS- c-≠mw- `m-K-Øp-≈- 3(kn-),- 17(F-),- 17 (_n-)- F-∂o- N-´-ßƒ-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bpw- B-bn-cn-°p-∂-XmWv.

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 140/2015 ˛ 148/2015UnhnjW¬ A°u≠‚vtIcf P\d¬ k¿∆okv

H∂mw F≥.kn.F. hn⁄m]\w1 hIp∏v : tIcf P\d¬ k¿∆okv2 DtZymKt∏cv : UnhnjW¬ A°u≠‚ v3 iºfw : ` 18740 -˛ 33680/˛4HgnhpIfpsS FÆw :kap-Zm-bw- Im-‰Kdn.- \w.- Hgn-hp-Ifp-sS FÆw-

1 hnizI¿Ω -140/2015 2 (c≠v)2 ]ńIPmXn - -141/2015 6 (Bdv)3 ap…ow / am∏nf- -142/2015 4 (\mev)4 ]ńI h¿§w - -143/2015 2 (c≠v)5 a‰v InkvXym\nIƒ- -144/2015 1 (H∂v)6 [ohc -145/2015 -1 (H∂v)7 lnµp \mSm¿ --146/2015 1 (H∂v)8 Cugh/_n√h/Xnø --147/2015 2 (c≠v)9 eØo≥ ItØmen°/-148/2015Bwt•mC≥Uy≥ - 1 (H∂v)

Ipdn∏v : ta¬-∏-d-™- H-gn-hp-Iƒ- C-t∏mƒ- \n-e-hn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv.- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\- ]-Im-cw- ta¬-∏-d-™- Hm-tcm- hn-`m-K-Øn-\v- th-≠n-bpw- X-øm-dm-°-s∏-Sp-∂- dm-¶v- en-Ãv- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bp-sS- 17.-04.-2013 \v- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- dm-¶v- en-Ãn-s‚- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ta¬- kq-Nn-∏n-®- Hm-tcm- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n- \o-°n-sh-®n-´p-≈- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- B- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≈-D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- \n-I-Ø-s∏-Sm-sX- h-cp-∂-H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- \n-b-a-\- ip-]m¿-i-bpw- \n-b-a-\-hpw- \-S-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc- ]m-_-ey-Øn¬- D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-5 \nba\coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w(ta¬-∏-d-™- kw-h-c-W- k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏- - D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fn¬- \n-∂p- am-Xw-)- (F-∂m¬- ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-°m-cm-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- ]-ń-I-h¿-§- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-t]-£-I-fpw- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-)-Ipdn∏v : 1.- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈- kw-h-c-W- k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏-Sm-Ø- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂- A-t]-£-Iƒ- \n-c-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-ß-s\-bp-≈-h¿-°v- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- \n-c-k-\- sa-tΩm- A-b-bv-°p-∂-X-√.-2. tIcf ]ªnIv k¿∆okv IΩoj≥ \SØp∂ UnhnjW¬A°u≠‚ v XkvXnIbnte°pff ]mYanI sXcs™Sp∏p]co£ (The Initial Recruitment Examination for DivisionalAccountant)F∂ tbmKyXm \n¿Æb a’c ]co£bpsSASnÿm\Øn¬ Bbncn°pw \nba\w \SØp∂Xv.6 ]mbw- : a) a‰v ]nt∂m-°- k-ap-Zm-b-ßƒ-°v- :- 18˛-39.- A-t]-£-I¿- 02.-01.-1976 \pw- 01.-01.-1997 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- ( s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- J-fin-I- 2(i-)-se- B-\p-Iq-eyw- Dƒ-s∏sS)b) ]ńIPm-Xn-/- ]-ń-I-h¿-§-°m¿-°v- :- 18˛-41 A-t]-£-I¿- 02.-01.-1974 \pw- 01.-01.-1997 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.-(s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- J-finI 2(i)se B\pIqeywDƒs∏sS) (hb nfhns\ kw_‘n® IqSpX¬hnhcßƒ°v s]mXp hyhÿIfnse JfinI 2 t\m°pI)7 tbmKyXIfpw \n_‘\Ifpw: sk°‚ v ¢m n¬IpdbmsXbp≈ Hcp k¿∆Iemimem _ncpZw.Ipdn∏v : 1 ]ńIPmXn/]ńIh¿§ DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ°vk¿∆Iemimem _ncpZw aXnbmIpw2 KS & SSR Part II Rule 10 (a) ii ]Imcapff hyhÿIƒ_m[IamWv.8 ]co£:- H-cp- a-’-c- ]-co-£-bp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw- ]-kv-Xp-X- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-°p-≈- \n-b-a-\w- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv.- F-gp-Øp- ]-co-£-bn¬- hn-P-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- B-h-iy-am-b- Ip-d-™- am¿-°pw- ]-co-£-bp-sS- hn-j-b-ß-fpw- Np-h-sS- tN¿-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.- -Sl. Maximum Minimum PercentageNo. Subjects marks marks

requiredfor a pass

I General Knowledge, Precis and General English 150 60 40

II Elementary Book Keeping 150 60 40III Arithmetic and mensuration

(Elementary but practical) 200 100 50 Total 500 220

Ipdn∏v 1. ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn,- ]-ń-I- h¿-§- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- P-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- H-∂pw- c-≠pw- t]-∏-dp-Iƒ-°v- Ip-d-™-Xv- 30%-hpw- aq-∂mw- t]-∏-dn-\v- Ip-d-™-Xv- 35 %- hpw- am¿-°v- hm-ßn-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-2. Hmtcm t]∏dn\pw A\phZn®n´p≈ ]camh[n kabw 3(aq∂v) aWn°qdmWv.3. ]-co-£m- Xo-b-Xn-bpw- ]-co-£-sb- kw-_-‘n-°p-∂- a-‰v- hn-h-c-ß-fpw- ]n-∂m-se- A-dn-bn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.--4.- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-°p-f-f- sX-c-™-Sp-∏n-\v- H-cp- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-tb-bpw- aq-∂v- ]m-h-iy-Øn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- a-’-c- ]-co-£-F-gp-Xp-hm-≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-X-√.- C-Xp- kw-_-‘n-®v- Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂- km-£y-]-Xw- I-Ωo-j-≥ B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- lm-P-cm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

DECLARATION I hereby declare that I have not already appeared for theInitial Recruitment Examination for selection to the post ofDivisional Accountant in the Kerala General Service morethan thrice. This is the first/ second/ third time, I am applyingfor the above examination. (Strike off whichever is not appli-cable.)Station : Signature & Name of the candidateDate:9. ]co£bpsS hnjbßƒ:1) General Knowledge:- e-fn-X-hpw,- hy-‡-hp-am-b- Cw-•o-jn¬-F-gp-Xp-∂-Xn-\p-≈- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-bp-sS- I-gn-hv- ]-cn-tim-[n-°m-≥ D-t±-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv- Cu- t]-∏¿.- C-Xn¬- s]m-Xp- hn-⁄m-\w,- Np-cp-s°-gp-Øv- (Precis),- P-\-d¬- Cw-•o-jv-


kvs]jy¬ dnIq´vsa‚v (kwÿm\Xew)-

F≥knF HgnhpIfnte°v kwhcW kapZmbßƒ°vt\cn´p≈ \nba\w (kw-ÿm-\-Xew)


F-∂n-h-bn¬- \n-∂p-≈- tNm-Zy-ßƒ- D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.-2) Elementary Book Keeping : - Cu- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t]-∏¿- Xn-I-®pw- F-en-sa-‚-dn- (]m-Y-an-I-)- kz- m-h-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.-B¿-X¿- o¬-Uv-lu-kn-s‚- "-Ãp-U-≥kv- Iw-πo-‰v- tIm-ta-gv-ky¬-_p-°v- Io-∏nw-Kv- A-°u-≠-≥kn- B-‚ v- _m-¶nw-Kv-"- F-∂- _p-°m-Wv- Cu- hn-j-b-Øn-\v- sS-Iv-Ãv- _p-°m-bn- \n-›-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- ("The Students Complete Commercial Book Keep-ing, Accountancy and Banking" by Arthur Fieldhouse)B¿.-F-≥.- Im¿-´-dp-sS- "-A-Uzm-≥kv-Uv- A-°u-≠v-kv-"- (te-‰-Ãv- F-Un-j-≥)- F-∂- _p-°n-se- Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂- A-≤ym-b-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p- Iq-Sn- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- A-dn-hp-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.-Cu- A-≤ym-b-ß-fpw- B¿-X¿- ô¬-Uv-lu-kn-s‚- _p-°n-se-A-≤ym-b-ß-fpw- H-tc- hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h-bm-sW-¶n¬- tNm-Zy-ßƒ- X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xv- Im¿-´-dp-sS- _p-°n-s\- B-[m-c-am-°n-bm-bn-cn-°pw.-A≤ymbw 1 I Book Keeping up to Trial BalanceA≤ymbw 2 II Trading and Profit & Loss.

Accounts and Balance sheetA≤ymbw 5 V Depreciation, Sinking Fund, Reserves,

Reserve Funds, Secret Reserve,A≤ymbw 6 VI Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes,

ChequesA≤ymbw 7 VII Portions relating to voyage Account.A≤ymbw 9 IX Self Balancing LedgersA≤ymbw 10 X Capital and Revenue, Revenue

Account, Receipts and PaymentsAccounts, Income and ExpenditureAccount.

A≤ymbw 16 XVI Manufacturing and working Accountsand cost Book Mining Company.

A≤ymbw 17 XVII Cost Accounts.A≤ymbw 18 XVIIIDouble Accounts sytemIpdn∏v: B¿.-F-≥.- Im¿-´-dp-sS- Xp-S¿-∂p-≈- ]-Xn-∏p-I-fn¬- ap-I-fn¬- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂- A-≤ym-b-ßƒ-°v- F-s¥-¶n-epw- hy-Xym-kw- D-s≠-¶n¬- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- a-‰p-≈- ]-Xn-∏p-I-fn-se- A-≤ym-b-ßƒ- Iq-Sn- hm-bn-®n-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv-3Arithmetic and Mensuration - saSn°ptej≥ AYhmFkv.Fkv.F¬.kn. \nehmcØnep≈Xv. Pier Point cNn®'Mensuration for Indian Schools and Colleges Part I' F∂]pkvXIamWv DtZymKm¿∞nIƒ°v Cu hnjbØnep≈\nehmc \n¿ÆbØn\mbn \n›bn®n´p≈Xv.Ipdn∏v : C-sXm-cp- a-’-c- ]-co-£-bm-Wv.- A-Xn-\m¬- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- F-√m- hn-j-b-ß-fp-tS-bpw- ]-co-£- F-gp-tX-≠-Xm-Wv.-10. \nba\m[nImcnbpw s]mt_j\pw ]cnioe\hpw Unhnj-W¬- A-°u-≠-‚ v- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-°p-≈- \n-b-a-\m-[n-Im-cn- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- n-\m-≥kv- sk-I-´-dn- B-bn-cn-°pw.- Un-hn-j-W¬- A-°u-≠-‚ v- X-kv-Xn-I-bn-te-°v- \n-b-an-°-s∏-Sp-∂- Bƒ- tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-°p-∂- Xo-b-Xn- ap-X¬- 12 am-k-°m-ew- H-cp- ]m-tbm-Kn-I- ]-cn-io-e-\-Øn-\v- \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.- ta¬-∏-d-™- ]-cn-io-e-\w- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°p-∂-Xv- ap-X¬- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- c-≠v- h¿-j-Øn-\p-≈n¬- H-cp- h¿-jw s]m-t_-j-\n-em-bn-cn-°pw.- ]-cn-io-e-\- Im-e-Øv- H-cp- sS-bn-\n-°v- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- k-a-bm-k-a-b-ß-fn¬- \n-›-bn-°p-∂- Xp-I- A-e-h-≥km-bn- e-`n-°p-∂-X-mWv.

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 149/2015lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ A≤ym]I≥

(Pq\nb¿) s]mfn‰n°¬ kb≥kvlb¿ sk°‚dn hnZym`ymkw H∂mw F≥.kn.F. hn⁄m]\w

1 hIp∏v : -lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZym`ymkw2 DtZymKt∏cv - lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqƒ

A≤ym]I≥ (Pq\nb¿)s]mfn‰n°¬ kb≥kv

3 iºfw - ` 16180-˛29180/-4HgnhpIfpsS FÆw - em‰n≥ ImØenIv/

Bw-t•m C¥y≥ 1 (H∂v)ap-I-fn¬- Im-Wn-®n-´p-≈- H-gn-hp-Iƒ- C-t∏mƒ- \n-e-hn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv.- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\- ]-Im-cw X-øm-dm-°-s∏-Sp-∂- dm-¶v- en-Ãv- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bp-sS- 03.-02.-2012 ¬ \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- dm-¶v- en-Ãn-s‚- (Im-‰-K-dn- \-º¿- 346/-2008,- K-k-‰v- Xo-b-Xn- 14.-10.-2008)-Im-e-b-f-hn¬- em-‰n-≥ Im-Ø-en-Iv-/- Bw-t•m- C-¥y-≥ k-ap-Zm-b-°m¿-°p-th-≠n- \o-°n-sh-®n-´p-≈- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- Sn-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏-´- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- \n-I-Ø-s∏-Sm-sX- h-cp-∂- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- \n-b-a-\- in-]m¿-i-bpw \n-b-a-\-hpw- \-S-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc- ]m-_-ey-Øn¬- D-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-

5. \nba\ coXn: t\cn´p≈ \nba\w (em‰n≥ ImØenIv/ B≥t•m C¥y≥ kapZmbßfn¬ \n∂pamXw)Ipdn∏v :- em‰n-≥ Im-Ø-en-Iv- /- B-≥t•m- C-¥y-≥ k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fn¬-s∏-Sm-Ø- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂- A-t]-£-Iƒ- \n-c-kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- A-ß-s\-bp-≈-h¿-°v- A-t]-£- \n-c-kn-®p-sIm-≠p-≈- A-dn-bn-∏v- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- \¬-Ip-∂-X-√.-6. ]mbw : 20-˛43. D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- 02.-01.-1972 \pw- 01.-01.-1995 \pw- C-S-bn¬- P-\n-®-h-cm-bn-cn-°-Ww.- (c-≠v- Xo-b-Xn-I-fpw- Dƒ-s∏-sS-)-(s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-I-fn-se- J-fin-I- 2(i) seB\pIqeyw Dƒs∏sS).7. tbmKyXIƒ1). tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-epw- H-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- 50 i-X-am-\w- am¿-°n¬- Ip-d-bm-sX- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Z-tam- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- X-Øp-ey-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- tbm-Ky-X-tbm- t\-Sn-bn-cn-°-Ww.-2. (i) tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂pw- d-Kp-e¿- ]-T-\-Øn-eq-sS _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n.-F-tUm- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- X-Øp-ey-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®-tbm-Ky-X-tbm- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.--(ii) _‘s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- _n.-F-Uv- _n-cp-Zw t\-Sn-bn-´p-≈- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂p,- _-‘-s∏- - m-°¬-‰n-bn¬- t\-Sn-b- _n.-F-Uv- _ncpZw. [B.Ed. Degree acquired inthe concerned facutly as specified in the Acts and Statutes ofany of the universities in Kerala]apIfn¬ kqNn∏n® (i)-Dw (ii)-Dw hn`mKØn¬s∏´hcpsSA`mhØn¬(iii) tIcfØnse- G-sX-¶n-epw- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂pw-

d-Kp-e¿- ]-T-\-Øn-eq-sS- G-sX-¶n-epw- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b-_n.-F-tUm- A-s√-¶n¬- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- C-Xn-\v- X-Øp-ey-am-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- tbm-Ky-X-tbm-D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.- tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿- t\-cn-t´m- tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿-A-[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- H-cp- G-P-≥kn- ap-tJ-\-tbm- l-b¿- sk-°-≥U-dn- kv-Iqƒ- A-≤ym-]-I- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\m-bn- \-S-Øp-∂-tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- (sk-‰v-)- ]m- m-bn-cn-°-Ww.-Ipdn∏v :- 1 KS&SSR, Part II Rule 10(a)(ii) _m[IamWv.2 tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn-ep-≈- Fw.-F-Uv- _n-cp-Zw- I-c-ÿ-am-°n-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- _n.-F-Uv- tbm-Ky-X-bn¬- \n-∂pw-H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-]tXyI CfhpIƒ1. tIcf k¿°m¿- \-S-Øp-∂- tIm-tf-Pv- e-Iv-N-d¿- X-kv-Xn-I-\n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈ tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- P-bn-®- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- l-b¿- sk-°-≥U-dn- kv-Iqƒ-A-≤ym-]-I- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- \n-jv-I¿-jn-®n-cn-°p-∂- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- (sk-‰v-)- P-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-b-n´p≠v.2. \mjW¬- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- ]-co-£-tbm- Pq-\n-b¿- dn-k¿-®v- s^-t√m-jn-t∏m- P-bn-®- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n - sS-Ãv- hn-P-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn -hm-°nbn´p≠v.3. ]n.-F-®v.-Un-/-Fw.-F-Uv.-/- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-sX-¶n-epw- H-cw-Ko-Ir-X- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂pw- _-‘-s∏-´- hn-j-b-Øn¬- t\-Sn-b- Fw.-F-^n¬- A-s√-¶n¬- X-Øp-ey- tbm-Ky-X-tbm- t\-Sn-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- P-bn-°-Ww- F-∂- \n-_-‘-\-bn¬- \n-∂pw- H-gn-hm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-4. -s]m-Xp-hn-Zym-`ym-k- h-Ip-∏n¬- ssl-kv-°qƒ- X-e-Øn¬- ]-Øp- h¿-j-sØ- Aw-Ko-Ir-X- A-≤ym-]-\- ]-cn-N-bw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b- A-≤ym-]-I-sc- tÃ-‰v- F-en-Pn-_n-en-‰n- sS-Ãv- ]m- m-I-Ww- F-∂- \n-_-‘-\-bn¬- \n-∂pw H-gn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-Ip-dn-∏v- :- l-b¿- sk-°-≥-U-dn- kv-Iqƒ- So-®¿- (Pq-\n-b¿-)- F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v- A-¿-∞--am-°p-∂-Xv- ]m-¿-´v-- ssSw- l-b¿- sk-°-≥-U--dn- kv-Iqƒ- A-[ym-]-I- X-kv-Xn-I-sb-∂m-Wv.-

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 150/2015˛ 151/2015sse∑m≥

s]mXpacmaØv (CeŒn°¬ hn`mKw) F≥.kn.F hn⁄m]\w

1. hIp∏v : s]mXpacmaØv(CeŒn°¬ hn`mKw)

2. DtZymKt∏cv : sse∑m≥3. iºfw : ` 9,940-˛16,580/-4.HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : Pn√mSnÿm\Øn¬

kap-Zm-bw- Im-‰Kdn- \w.- Hgn-hp-Ifp-sS FÆw-F¬.kn/F.sF 150/2015 Be∏pg - 1 (H∂v)H._n.kn - 151/2015 Be∏pg 1 (H∂v)

Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-]-Im-cw- Cu- Pn-√-bn-te-bv-°v- ]-tXy-Iw- dm-¶v- en-Ãv- X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- C-]-Im-cw- X-øm-dm-°-s∏-Sp-∂-dm-¶v- en-Ãv- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bv-°v- Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂- Xo-b-Xn-bn¬-]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®- dm-¶v- en-Ãn-s‚- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ta-¬-∏-d--™- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n- \o-°n-h-®n- p-≈- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- B-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-¬-s∏-´- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- \n-I-Ø-s∏-Sm-Ø- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞nI-sf- \n-b-a-\-in-]m-¿-i-sN-bv-Xv- \n-b-a-\w- \-S-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc- \n-e-hn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-Pn√bpsS t]cv dm¶v enÃv ]kn≤ Im‰Kdn

s∏SpØnb XobXn \º¿Be∏pg 02.04.2012 89/20085. \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w. ( F¬.kn/F.sF, H._n.kn F∂o kwhcW kapZmbßfn¬-s∏´DtZymKm¿-∞nIfn¬ \n∂p amXw)6. ]mbw- : 19-˛42. DtZymKm¿-∞nIƒ 02.01.1973-\pw 01.01.1996-\pw CSbn¬ P\n®hcmbncn°Ww. (c≠pXobXnIfpw Dƒ-s∏sS). [s]mXp hyhÿIƒ JfinI2 (i) se hb nfhv Dƒ-s∏sSbmWv].Ipdn∏v:- bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw Db¿-∂ ]mb]cn[n 50(A≥-]Xv) hb v Ihnbm≥ ]mSn√ F∂ hyhÿbv°vhnt[bambn Db¿-∂ ]mb]cn[nbn¬ A\phZn®n´p≈]tXyI B\pIqeyßƒ-°v Cu hn⁄m]\Øns‚ ]m¿-´vII-se- s]m-Xp-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)- t\m-°p-I- (J-fin-I- 2 (i) HgnsI) .7. tbmKyXIƒ :-1) Fkv.Fkv.F¬.kn Pbn®ncn°Ww.2) K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- Aw-Ko-Ir-X- ÿm-]-\-Øn¬- \n-∂pw- H-cp- h-¿--jØn¬- Ip-d-bm-sX-bp-≈- ]-T-\-Øn-\p- ti-jw- C-e-Œn-°¬-F-©n-\o-b-dnw-Kn¬- e-`n-®n-´p-≈- k-¿-ń-^n-°-‰v.-

As√¶n¬kn-‰n- B-‚ v- Kn¬-Uv-kv- Hm-^v- e-≠-≥ C-≥Ãn-‰yq-ń¬- \n-∂pw-F.-kn- C-‚¿-ao-Un-tb-‰v- tK-Un-ep-≈- C-e-Œn-°¬- F-©n-\o-b-dnw-Kv- ]-co-£- P-bn-®n-cn-°-Ww- (31.-3.-1985 \p- ti-jw- e-`n-®-k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- kzo-Im-cy-a-√-).-

As√¶n¬CeŒn°¬ sse‰v B‚ v ]∆dn¬ sI.Pn.‰n.C As√¶n¬Fw.Pn.‰n.C k¿-ń^n°‰v (lb¿)

As√¶n¬hm¿ sS-Iv-\n-°¬- sS-bn-\nw-Kv- sk-‚-dn¬- \n-∂pw- C-e-Œo-jy-\m-tbm,- sse-∑mv-\m-tbm- e-`n-®n-´p-≈- tKUv III k¿-ń^n°‰v.(Ipdn∏v:- KS&SSR Part II Rule 10 (a) ii _m[Iw).

Im‰Kdn \º¿: 152/2015sabn¬ hm¿-U≥

]ńIPmXn hnIk\wH∂mw F≥.kn.F hn⁄m]\w

1. hIp∏v : ]ńIPmXn hnIk\w2. DtZymKt∏cv : sabn¬ hm¿-U≥3. iºfw : ` 9,190˛15,780/-4. HgnhpIfpsS FÆw : PmXn ASnÿm\Øn¬

tImgnt°mSv - H._n.kn - 1 (H∂v)Ipdn∏v :- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-]-Im-cw- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- Pn-√-bn-te-bv-°v- ]-tXy-Iw- dm-¶v- en-Ãv- X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- C-]-Im-cw-X-øm-dm-°-s∏-Sp-∂- dm-¶v- en-Ãv- Cu- X-kv-Xn-I-bv-°v- Xm-sg-∏-d-bp-∂- Xo-b-Xn-bn¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®- dm-¶v- en-Ãn-s‚- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ta-ev-∏-e-d-™- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n- \o-°n-h-®n-´p-≈-H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw- B- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-¬-s∏-´- D-tZym-Km-¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- A-`m-h-Øn¬- \n-I-Ø-s∏-Sm-Ø- H-gn-hp-I-fn-te-bv-°pw-D-tZym-Km-¿-∞nI-sf- \n-b-a-\-in-]m-¿-i-- sN-bv-Xv- \n-b-a-\w- \-S-Øp-∂-Xp-h-sc- \n-e-hn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-Pn√bpsS t]cv dm¶v enÃv ]kn≤ Im‰Kdn

s∏SpØnb XobXn \º¿tImgnt°mSv 17.09.2010 339/20085. \nba\ coXn : t\cn´p≈ \nba\w. (H._n.knkapZmbØn¬ \n∂p amXw)6. ]mbw- : 18˛-39. DtZymKm¿-∞nIƒ 02.01.1976-\pw 01.01.1997-\pw CSbn¬ P\n®hcmbncn°Ww. (c≠p XobXnIfpw Dƒ-s∏sS). [CXv s]mXp hyhÿIfnse JfinI 2 (i) sehb nfhv Dƒ-s∏sSbmWv]t\m´v: bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 50(A-≥-]-Xv-)- h-b- v- I-hn-bm-≥ ]m-Sn-√- F-∂- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- D-b-¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-bn¬- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈- ]-tXy-I- B-\p-Iq-ey-ß-ƒ-°v- Cu- hn-⁄m-]-\-Øn-s‚- ]m-¿-´v -i- II se- s]m-Xp- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- (J-fin-I- 2)-t\m-°p-I.- (J-fin-I- 2 (i) HgnsI).7. tbmKyXIƒ : - Fkv.Fkv.F¬.kntbm XØpey]co£tbm ]m mbncn°Ww.Ipdn∏v :- (i) kvXoIƒ Cu DtZymKØn\v At]£n°phm≥A¿-lc√. (ii) KS & SSR Part II Rule 10 (a) ii _m[IamWv.


F≥knF HgnhpIfnte°v kwhcW kapZmbßƒ°vt\cn´p≈ \nba\w (Pn-√m-Xew)

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 7

]co-£m- Ie≠¿ -- ˛ 2013 sk]v-Xw-_¿-]co-£m- Ie≠¿ -- ˛ 2015 Pqsse-* Examination Time includes half an hour as preparation time for the verification of Admission Tickets and original ID of the Candidates appearing for the

examination.

Ia Xo-bXn- Xkv-Xn-Ibpw- Im-‰Kdn- \ºdpw- hIp-∏v-/ kn-e_kv-

\w- kabw- DtZym-Km¿-∞n-Ifp-sS FÆhpw- kv-Ym-]\w-

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01.30 PM* TVM TSR KNR Part II: General English Part III: Simple Arithmetic & Mental Ability

to 03.15 PM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)




7 04/07/2015 LOWER DIVISION CLERK VARIOUS Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday (SR FOR SC/ST ONLY) Main Topics:- Part I: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala


to 03.15 PM TVM - ST, KTM - SC/ST, TSR- ST (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)

KKD- ST, WYD -ST, KNR - SC/ST [Medium of Questions: Malayalam/Tamil/Kannada)



COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 4 TO 7 ABOVE

8 07/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (MECHANICAL) PLANTATION CORPORA Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post

Tuesday TION OF KERALA LIMITED Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on Diploma in Mechanical Engineering

07.30 AM* 564/2014 Part II: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




9 08/07/2015 MUNICIPAL SECRETARY GRADE III URBAN AFFAIRS Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (SR FOR SC/ST ONLY) Main Topics:- Part I: Quantitative Aptitude Part II: Mental Ability & Test of Reasoning Part III:

07.30 AM* 783/2014 General Science Part IV: Current Affairs Part V : Facts About India Part VI: Facts About Kerala

to 09.15 AM Further Details regarding Main Part VII: Constitution of India and Civil Rights Part VIII: General English Part IX: Social Welfare


Ia Xo-bXn- Xkv-Xn-Ibpw- hIp-∏v-/ kn-e_kv-

\w- kabw- Im-‰Kdn- \ºdpw- kv-Ym-]\w-

Topics are available on the Website Schemes and Measures Part X: Information Technology and Cyber Laws

(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



10 09/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL) LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday (PARTI - DIRECT RECRUITMENT) (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)


to 09.15 AM in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/06/2015

11 09/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL) LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday (PART II - BY DIRECT RECRUITMENT (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

07.30 AM* FROM AMONG MEMBERS IN THE Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

to 09.15 AM LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/06/2015

ENGINEERING SUBORDINATE SERVICE)

100/2014

12 09/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL) PWD/IRRIGATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday (DIRECT RECRUITMENT) (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)




Thursday (DIRECT RECRUITMENT FROM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

07.30 AM* DEPARTMENTAL CANDIDATES Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

to 09.15 AM OF PWD ONLY) 102/2014 in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/06/2015


Thursday (DIRECT RECRUITMENT FROM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

07.30 AM* DEPARTMENTAL CANDIDATES Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

to 09.15 AM IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT ONLY) in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/06/2015

103/2014

COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 10 TO 14 ABOVE

15 10/07/2015 CHIEF INTERNAL AUDITOR KERALA STATE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 453/2013 ELECTRICITY BOARD Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* Further Details regarding Main Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM Topics are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)



16 14/07/2015 COMPUTER OPERATOR KIRTADS Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 390/2013 Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,


to 09.15 AM Topics are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



17 15/07/2015 PERSONNEL OFFICER KERALA CO-OPERATIVE MILK Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (PARTI- GENERAL CATEGORY) MARKETING FEDERATION Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* 573/2012 LIMITED Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM Further Details regarding Main (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)

Topics are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


18 16/07/2015 FOREMAN (PRESSURE DIE KERALA SMALL INDUSTRIES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday CASTING UNIT) DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on Diploma in Mechanical Engineering Part II: Questions

07.30 AM* 276/2014 LIMITED (SIDCO) based on Experience Part III: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)



19 17/07/2015 ELECTRICIAN KERALA STATE FILM Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday DEVELOPMENT CORPORA Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on technical qualification Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* 262/2013 TION LIMITED Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)



2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 9



20 21/07/2015 PRINCIPAL INFORMATION OFFICER KERALA WATER AUTHORITY Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 411/2014 Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on Degree in Journalism Part II: General Knowledge, Current

07.30 AM* Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala


Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profilein the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 07/07/2015

21 22/07/2015 HIGH SCHOOL ASSISTANT (ENGLISH) EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) Main Topics:-Part A Module I: Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General

07.30 AM* 407/2012 Knowledge & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM KNR - LC/AI, IDK- LC/AI PartB Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed

Further Details regarding Main (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)

Topics are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profilein the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 08/07/2015


Wednesday 664/2012 Main Topics:-Part A Module I: Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General

07.30 AM* TVM, KLM, PTA, ALP, KTM, IDK, EKM Knowledge & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM TSR, PKD, MPM, KKD, WYD, KNR, KGD Part B Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed


Topics are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profilein the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 08/07/2015


Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) Main Topics:-Part A Module I: Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General

07.30 AM* 238/2013 Knowledge & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM IDK - M Part B Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed


Topics are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 08/07/2015

COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 21, 22 & 23 ABOVE

24 23/07/2015 HIGH SCHOOL ASSISTANT (MALAYALAM) EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday 663/2012 Main Topics:- Part A Module I : Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General

07.30 AM* TVM, KLM, PTA, ALP, KTM, IDK, EKM, Knowledge & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM TSR, PKD, MPM, KKD. WYD, KNR, KGD Part B Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed

Further Details regarding Main (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)

Topics are available on the Website (Medium of Questions: Part A - English, Part B - Malayalam)


25 24/07/2015 HIGH SCHOOL ASSISTANT (HINDI) EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 662/2012 Main Topics:-Part A Module I: Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General Knowledge

07.30 AM* TVM, KLM, PTA, ALP, KTM, IDK, EKM & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM TSR, PKD, MPM, KKD, WYD, KNR, KGD Part B Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed


Topics are available on the Website (Medium of Questions: Part A - English, Part B - Hindi)


26 24/07/2015 HIGH SCHOOL ASSISTANT (HINDI) EDUCATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday (NCA NOTIFICATION) Main Topics:-Part A Module I: Renaissance & Freedom Movement Module II: General Knowledge

07.30 AM* 231/2014 & Current Affairs Module III: Methodology of teaching

to 09.15 AM TSR - HN Part B Module I to VIII: Questions based on qualification prescribed


Topics are available on the Website (Medium of Questions: Part A - English, Part B - Hindi)

Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 10/07/2015

COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 25 & 26 ABOVE

27 25/07/2015 ASSISTANT GRADE III VARIOUS GOVERNMENT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday CLERK/LD CLERK/JUNIOR OWNED COMPANIES/ Main Topics:- Part I: Quantitative Aptitude Part II: Mental Ability & Test of Reasoning

01.30 PM* CLERK/CASHIER/JUNIOR ASSISTANT CORPORA TIONS/BOARDS Part III: General Science Part IV: Current Affairs Part V : Facts About India Part VI: Facts

to 03.15 PM (NCA NOTIFICATION FOR PHYSICALLY About Kerala Part VII:Constitution of India and Civil Rights Part VIII:General English Part IX: Social

HANDICAPPED) Welfare Schemes and Measures Part X: Information Technology and Cyber Laws

613/2012 (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

Further Details regarding Main Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile

Topics are available on the Website in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 10/07/2015




28 25/07/2015 SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT/ STATE LOTTERIES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday ASSISTANT DISTRICT LOTTERY Main Topics:- Part I: Quantitative Aptitude Part II: Mental Ability & Test of Reasoning

01.30 PM* OFFICER Part III: General Science Part IV: Current Affairs Part V : Facts About India Part VI: Facts

to 03.15 PM (SPECIAL RECRUITMENT FOR ST ONLY) About Kerala Part VII: Constitution of India and Civil Rights Part VIII: General English Part IX: Social

299/2014 Welfare Schemes and Measures Part X: Information Technology and Cyber Laws

Further Details regarding Main (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)

Topics are available on the Website Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile


29 25/07/2015 ASSISTANT GRADE II KERALA STATE BEVERAGES Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Saturday 426/2014 (MANUFACTURING & MARKE Main Topics:- Part I: Quantitative Aptitude Part II: Mental Ability & Test of Reasoning

01.30 PM* Further Details regarding Main TING) CORPORA TION LIMITED Part III: General Science Part IV: Current Affairs Part V : Facts About India Part VI: Facts

to 03.15 PM Topics are available on the Website About Kerala Part VII: Constitution of India and Civil Rights Part VIII: General English Part IX: Social

Welfare Schemes and Measures Part X: Information Technology and Cyber Laws

(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 27, 28 & 29 ABOVE

30 28/07/2015 ELECTRICIAN GRADE II PRINTING (GOVERNMENT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Tuesday 533/2013 PRESS) Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on technical qualification Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* PKD Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala




31 29/07/2015 ASSISTANT PROJECT ENGINEER KERALA LAND DEVELOPMENT Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Wednesday 4/2014 CORPORA TION LIMITED Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,


to 09.15 AM Topics are available on the Website (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) [Medium of Questions: English)



32 30/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL) ARCHAEOLOGY Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



33 30/07/2015 ASSISTANT ENGINEER (CIVIL)/ AGRICULTURE Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Thursday HEAD DRAFTSMAN (CIVIL) (ENGINEERING WING) (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions: English)



COMMON TEST FOR SL. Nos. 32 & 33 ABOVE

34 31/07/2015 ELECTRIC LINEMAN PLANTATION CORPORATION Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

Friday 623/2012 OF KERALA LIMITED Main Topics:- Part I: Questions based on qualification prescribed Part II: General Knowledge,

07.30 AM* Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

to 09.15 AM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)




NOTE:- i) It may be noted that apart from the Main Topics in the Syllabus referred to in the Examination Programme, questions from other topics related to the educational qualificationsprescribed for the post may also appear in the question paper. There is no undertaking that all the topics mentioned under the sub head "Main Topics" may be covered in thequestion paper.

2) In addition to the Admission Tickets, candidates have to produce the original of any one of the following documents to prove their identity at the time of examination viz. VotersIdentity Card, Passport, PAN Card, Driving Licence, Pass Book with photo issued by Nationalized Banks, Photo Identity Card issued by Government Departments, Photo IdentityCard issued by Social Welfare Department, Govt. of Kerala to Physically Handicapped persons, Photo affixed Identity Card issued to the Ex-servicemen by the Zilla SainikWelfare Officer / Discharge Certificate, Conductor License issued by Motor Vehicles Department, Photo affixed pass book issued by Scheduled Banks/Kerala State Co-operativeBank/ District Co-operative Banks, Photo affixed Identity Card issued by Public Sector Undertakings (various companies/ corporations/ boards/authority)/Govt. autonomousinstitutions to their employees, Photo affixed Identity Card issued by various Universities of Kerala to their employees, Photo affixed Medical Certificate issued by Medical Boardto P.H. candidates, Photo affixed Identity Card issued by Bar Council to those who are enrolled as Advocates, AADHAAR card issued by the Central Government. Candidateswho fail to produce Original Identity Proof will not be permitted to attend the examination.

Thiruvananthapuram, S. VIJAYADAS12/05/2015 CONTROLLER OF EXAMINATIONS KERALA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 11

A¥n-a DØckq-Nn-IQuestion Paper Code: 54/2015

Reporter Grade II (Malayalam) - Legislature SecretariatMedium of Question: English

Date of Test: 07.04.2015

Q No. Q No.A B C D A B C D

1 A C B B 51 C B A B2 B A A D 52 A A B C3 D D D A 53 D A D A4 C B D C 54 A C C B5 B C A B 55 C B D D6 C B B D 56 B A B C7 A A D B 57 A B C D8 D D A A 58 A D A B9 B D C D 59 C C B C

10 C A B B 60 B D D B11 B B D C 61 A B C C12 A D B B 62 B C D D13 D A A D 63 D A B A14 D C D A 64 C B C C15 A B B C 65 D D B D16 B D C B 66 B C C B17 D B B D 67 C D D A18 A A D A 68 A B A B19 C D A C 69 B C C C20 B B C A 70 D B D A21 D C B C 71 C C B D22 B B D B 72 D D A A23 A D A A 73 B A B B24 D A C B 74 C C C D25 B C A C 75 B D A C26 C B C A 76 C B D A27 B D B D 77 D A A D28 D A A B 78 A B B C29 A C B A 79 C C D B30 C A C C 80 D A C D31 B C A B 81 B D A B32 D B D D 82 A A D C33 A A B A 83 B B C A34 C B A C 84 C D B B35 A C C A 85 A C D A36 C A B A 86 D A B C37 B D D B 87 A D C A38 A B A D 88 B C A D39 B A C C 89 D B B A40 C C A B 90 C D A C41 A B A C 91 A B C B42 D D B A 92 D C A A43 B A D D 93 C A D A44 A C C B 94 B B A C45 C A B C 95 D A C B46 B A C B 96 B C B A47 D B A A 97 C A A B48 A D D D 98 A D A D49 C C B D 99 B A C C50 A B C A 100 A C B D

QALPHACODE

QALPHACODE

Question Paper Code: 196/2014

Laboratory Technical Assistant (Refrigeration and Air Conditioning) - VHSEMedium of Question: English



1 D C C C 51 A C C D2 B A A D 52 D D B A3 A D X D 53 B A A B4 C B C A 54 B D C C5 B D B A 55 A D A C6 C C C B 56 C C D B7 A A D D 57 D B A A8 D X D B 58 A A B A9 B C A C 59 D C C D

10 D B A A 60 D A C A11 C C B B 61 C D B B12 A D D C 62 B A A C13 X D B X 63 A B A C14 C A C A 64 C C D B15 B A A C 65 A C A X16 C B B D 66 D B B D17 D D C B 67 A A C B18 D B X A 68 B A C A19 A C A D 69 C D B C20 A A C C 70 C A X B21 B B D B 71 B B D C22 D C B A 72 A C B A23 B X A C 73 A C A D24 C A D B 74 D B C B25 A C C D 75 A X B D26 B D B D 76 B D C C27 C B A A 77 C B A A28 X A C C 78 C A D X29 A D B C 79 B C B C30 C C D B 80 X B D B31 D B D A 81 B A C D32 B A A D 82 A C B A33 A C C C 83 C B A C34 D B C B 84 D D D B35 C D B D 85 B C C A36 B D A A 86 A C D B37 A A D D 87 C B A A38 C C C B 88 B A C C39 B C B B 89 D D B D40 D B D A 90 C C A B41 D A A C 91 C D B A42 A D D D 92 B A A C43 C C B A 93 A C C B44 C B B D 94 D B D D45 B D A D 95 C A B C46 A A C C 96 D B A C47 D D D B 97 A A C B48 C B A A 98 C C B A49 B B D C 99 B D D D50 D A D A 100 A B C C

X- Denotes DELETION

ALPHACODE ALPHACODE


Tradesman (Sheet Metal) (NCA - SC/LC/AI) - Technical Education (Mpm, Kkd Dists)

Medium of Question: Malayalam/Tamil/KannadaDate of Test: 31.03.2015


1 B A B A 51 D A D D2 B A A C 52 B D B C3 A B C B 53 B B A A4 B C A D 54 A D B C5 D D D D 55 B C A C6 A B A A 56 A D D A7 A A C B 57 D B C D8 B C B C 58 B A A D9 C A D D 59 D B C B

10 D D D B 60 C A C A11 B A A C 61 D D A B12 A C B C 62 B C D D13 C B C A 63 A A D B14 A D D C 64 B C B A15 D D B A 65 A C A C16 A A C A 66 D A B D17 C B C D 67 C D D A18 B C A B 68 A D B C19 D D C A 69 C B A B20 D B A C 70 C A C D21 A C A D 71 A B D C22 B C D C 72 D D A C23 C A B A 73 D B C D24 D C A B 74 B A B C25 B A C D 75 A C D A26 C A D C 76 B D C C27 C D C B 77 D A C D28 A B A D 78 B C D C29 C A B B 79 A B C C30 A C D A 80 C D A D31 A D C B 81 D C C C32 D C B D 82 A C D A33 B A D A 83 C D C C34 A B B C 84 B C C B35 C D A B 85 D A D D36 D C B D 86 C C C B37 C B D B 87 C D A B38 A D A B 88 D C C A39 B B C A 89 C C B B40 D A B B 90 A D D D41 C B D A 91 C C B A42 B D B D 92 D A B A43 D A B B 93 C C A B44 B C A D 94 C B B C45 A B B C 95 D D D D46 B D A D 96 C B A B47 D B D B 97 A B A A48 A B B A 98 C A B C49 C A D B 99 B B C A50 B B C A 100 D D D D

QALPHACODE

QALPHACODE


Tradesman (Sheet Metal) - Technical Education (Pta, Idk, Wynd, Kgd)Medium of Question: English



1 B C D C 51 A D A A2 D B A C 52 D D A A3 B B C C 53 X A C A4 C C C C 54 X X B D5 C B B C 55 D C B B6 C D C D 56 D A A C7 B A C B 57 D A A B8 B C C A 58 A C A D9 C C C D 59 X B D B

10 B B C A 60 C B B C11 D C D D 61 A A C B12 A C B C 62 A A B D13 C C A A 63 C A D C14 C C D D 64 B D B B15 B C A D 65 B B C B16 C D D A 66 A C B B17 C B C B 67 A B D D18 C A A C 68 A D C B19 C D D B 69 D B B C20 C A D D 70 B C B C21 D D A B 71 C B B C22 B C B A 72 B D D B23 A A C B 73 D C B B24 D D B D 74 B B C C25 A D D C 75 C B C B26 D A B D 76 B B C D27 C B A A 77 D D B A28 A C B D 78 C B B C29 D B D C 79 B C C C30 D D C D 80 B C B B31 A B D B 81 B C B D32 B A A A 82 A B D A33 C B D A 83 C D B B34 B D C A 84 A A A X35 D C D B 85 D C C C36 B D B A 86 C B D B37 A A A D 87 B D A A38 B D A X 88 D B B C39 D C A X 89 A A X A40 C D B D 90 C C C D41 D B A D 91 B D B C42 A A D D 92 D A A B43 D A X A 93 B B C D44 C A X X 94 A X A A45 D B D C 95 C C D C46 B A D A 96 D B C B47 A D D A 97 A A B D48 A X A C 98 B C D B49 A X X B 99 X A A A50 B D C B 100 C D C C

X' DENOTES DELETION

ALPHACODE ALPHACODE


Assistant Engineer (Electrical) (Direct & By Transfer) - KSEBMedium of Question: English



1 D B A D 51 B X A X2 B D X B 52 B A C D3 B C X A 53 C C X C4 X C B X 54 X B B D5 A X C A 55 X B A C6 B A D C 56 X A X A7 D X B D 57 A C D D8 C X A C 58 C X C B9 C B X D 59 B B D A

10 X C A B 60 B A C B11 A D C C 61 A X A D12 X B D A 62 C D D C13 X A C A 63 X C B D14 B X D B 64 B D A X15 C A B X 65 A C B X16 D C C C 66 X A D D17 B D A B 67 D D C B18 A C A X 68 C B D B19 X D B B 69 D A X X20 A B X B 70 C B X A21 C C C X 71 A D D B22 D A B X 72 D C B D23 C A X A 73 B D B C24 D B B B 74 A X X C25 B X B B 75 B X A X26 C C X C 76 D D B A27 A B X X 77 C B D X28 A X A B 78 D B C X29 B B B A 79 X X C B30 X B B C 80 X A X C31 C X C B 81 X D C C32 B X X X 82 B C D D33 X A B B 83 D C C A34 B B A X 84 B C A A35 B B C B 85 B B B C36 X C B B 86 D C C X37 X X X B 87 C D D B38 A B B C 88 C C A D39 B A X X 89 C A A B40 B C B X 90 B B C B41 C B B X 91 C C X D42 X X B A 92 D D B C43 B B C C 93 C A D C44 A X X B 94 A A B C45 C B X B 95 B C B B46 B B X A 96 C X D C47 X B A C 97 D B C D48 B C C X 98 A D C C49 X X B B 99 A B C A50 B X B A 100 C B B B

X' DENOTES DELETION

ALPHACODE ALPHACODE


Assistant Electrical Inspector - Kerala Electrical InspectorateMedium of Question: English



1 C A C B 51 D B A B2 B C X A 52 B D D C3 C B D A 53 X C C B4 D B B X 54 C B X D5 X A C B 55 B C B A6 B D B B 56 B X A C7 C C A D 57 D A D B8 A A D A 58 C B X D9 D D C A 59 A C C C

10 B A D C 60 B D A A11 C B A C 61 A B B D12 X D C B 62 D A D B13 D C B C 63 C B C X14 B B B D 64 X C B C15 C C A X 65 B D C B16 B A D B 66 A C X B17 A B C C 67 D D A D18 D D A A 68 X B B C19 C C D D 69 C A C A20 D A A B 70 A A D B21 A B B C 71 B B B A22 C C D X 72 D A A D23 B B C D 73 C A B C24 B D B B 74 B X C X25 A A C C 75 C B D B26 D C A B 76 X B C A27 C B B A 77 A D D D28 A D D D 78 B A B X29 D C C C 79 C A A C30 A A A D 80 D C A A31 B D B A 81 B C B B32 D B C C 82 A B A D33 C X B B 83 B C A C34 B C D B 84 C D X B35 C B A A 85 D X B C36 A B C D 86 C B B X37 B D B C 87 D C D A38 D C D A 88 B A A B39 C A C D 89 A D A C40 A B A A 90 A B C D41 B A D B 91 B C C B42 C D B D 92 A X B A43 B C X C 93 A D C B44 D X C B 94 X B D C45 A B B C 95 B C X D46 C A B A 96 B B B C47 B D D B 97 D A C D48 D X C D 98 A D A B49 C C A C 99 A C D A50 A A B A 100 C D B A

X' DENOTES DELETION

ALPHACODE ALPHACODE


Tradesman (Sheet Metal) (NCA - SC/LC/AI) - Technical Education (Mpm, Kkd Dists)

Medium of Question: Malayalam/Tamil/KannadaDate of Test: 31.03.2015


1 B A B A 51 D A D D2 B A A C 52 B D B C3 A B C B 53 B B A A4 B C A D 54 A D B C5 D D D D 55 B C A C6 A B A A 56 A D D A7 A A C B 57 D B C D8 B C B C 58 B A A D9 C A D D 59 D B C B

10 D D D B 60 C A C A11 B A A C 61 D D A B12 A C B C 62 B C D D13 C B C A 63 A A D B14 A D D C 64 B C B A15 D D B A 65 A C A C16 A A C A 66 D A B D17 C B C D 67 C D D A18 B C A B 68 A D B C19 D D C A 69 C B A B20 D B A C 70 C A C D21 A C A D 71 A B D C22 B C D C 72 D D A C23 C A B A 73 D B C D24 D C A B 74 B A B C25 B A C D 75 A C D A26 C A D C 76 B D C C27 C D C B 77 D A C D28 A B A D 78 B C D C29 C A B B 79 A B C C30 A C D A 80 C D A D31 A D C B 81 D C C C32 D C B D 82 A C D A33 B A D A 83 C D C C34 A B B C 84 B C C B35 C D A B 85 D A D D36 D C B D 86 C C C B37 C B D B 87 C D A B38 A D A B 88 D C C A39 B B C A 89 C C B B40 D A B B 90 A D D D41 C B D A 91 C C B A42 B D B D 92 D A B A43 D A B B 93 C C A B44 B C A D 94 C B B C45 A B B C 95 D D D D46 B D A D 96 C B A B47 D B D B 97 A B A A48 A B B A 98 C A B C49 C A D B 99 B B C A50 B B C A 100 D D D D

QALPHACODE

QALPHACODE


Lecturer in Public Administration - Kerala Collegiate EducationMedium of Question: English



1 A D A B 51 B C D D2 A B C B 52 A D D C3 B C D C 53 A C A B4 A D A A 54 A A C C5 C A C D 55 D B D D6 D A B C 56 C D D A7 B C B A 57 D D C A8 C D C D 58 C A B B9 D A A C 59 A C C A

10 A C D A 60 B D D C11 A B C D 61 D D A D12 C B A C 62 D C A B13 D C D D 63 A B B C14 A A C D 64 C C A D15 C D A B 65 D D C A16 B C D D 66 D A D A17 B A C A 67 C A B C18 C D D D 68 B B C D19 A C D D 69 C A D A20 D A B D 70 D C A C21 C D D C 71 D B A C22 A C A B 72 A C D D23 D D D C 73 B A C C24 C D D B 74 C D D A25 A B D B 75 A C C D26 D D C X 76 D D A A27 C A B C 77 C C D B28 D D C X 78 D A A C29 D D B D 79 C D B A30 B D B A 80 A A C D31 D C X A 81 B C A D32 A B C B 82 A A D B33 D C X C 83 C D C D34 D B D D 84 A C D A35 D B A B 85 D D B B36 C X A B 86 C B D A37 B C B A 87 D D A C38 C X C A 88 B A B A39 B D D A 89 D B A D40 B A B D 90 A A C C41 X A B C 91 A C D B42 C B A D 92 C B A D43 X C A C 93 C D B A44 D D A A 94 B A D C45 A B D B 95 D B A A46 A B C D 96 A D C C47 B A D D 97 B A A C48 C A C A 98 D C C B49 D A A C 99 A A C D50 B D B D 100 C C B A

X' DENOTES DELETION

ALPHACODE ALPHACODE


R.C.Suresh Kumar

Kma-hn-I-k\ hIp-∏n¬ tªm°v ]©m-bØv skI-´-dn, \K-c-Im-cy-h-Ip-∏n¬ ap\n-kn-∏¬ skI-´dn tKUv-˛3F∂o XkvXn-IIƒ°mbn Pq¨ 27˛\v \S-°p∂ s]mXp]co-£-bv°v Xøm-sd-Sp-°m≥ klm-b-I-amb

hnh-c-ßƒ Dƒs∏-SpØnbmWv Cu e°w ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C¥y-bnse Bkq-X-Ww, KmahnI-k-\w,kmaq-ln-I-t£a ]≤-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®v ka-K-amb hnh-c-ßƒ Cu e°-Øns‚ ]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.

H∏w amXrIm tNmZy-ß-fp-ap-≠v.

C¥y-bnse BkqXWw

km-º-Øn-I- B-kq-X-W-Øn-\p-≈- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- D-Zy-aw- \-S-Øn-b- Fw.-hn-iz-iz-c-ø-bm-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- B-kq-X-W-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- 1934˛¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- πm-≥Uv- C-t°m-W-an- t^m¿- C-¥y- F-∂- ]p-kv-X-Iw- Cu- cw-K-Øv- G-sd- B-i-b-ßƒ- ]-I¿-∂p.-

kp-`m-jv- N-µ-t_m-kv- tIm-¨-K-kv- A-[y-£-\m-bn-cn-s°- 1938˛¬- cq-]w- \¬-In-b- tZ-io-b- B-kq-X-W- k-an-Xn-bp-sS- A-[y-£-\m-bn- \n-tbm-Kn-®-Xv- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp-hn-s\-bm-Wv.-

sP.-B¿.-Un.- Sm-‰,- Pn.-Un.- _n¿-f- Xp-S-ßn-b- F-´v- hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ- tN¿-∂v- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®- B-kq-X-W- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- t_mw-s_- πm-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- (1944).- Km-‘n-b-≥ πm-≥ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv- io-a-≥ \m-cm-b-¨- A-K¿-hm-fm-Wv- (1944).-

am-\-th-µ- \m-Yv- tdm-bn-bm-Wv- ]o-∏nƒ-kv-πm-≥ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv- (1945).- P-b-]-Im-iv- \m-cm-b-¨- 1950˛¬- k¿-thm-Z-b- πm-≥ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p.-

-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS- G-gmw- sj-Uyq-fn-se- I-¨-I-d-‚ v- en-Ãn-em-Wv- km-º-Øn-I- B-kq-X-Ww- Dƒ-s∏-S-p∂Xv.

BkqXW IΩnj≥(Planning Commission)

1950 am¿-®n¬- bq-Wn-b-≥ Iym-_n-\-‰n-s‚-F-Iv-kn-Iyp-ó-hv- Hm¿-U-dn-eq-sS-bm-Wv- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.- C-¥y-bn-se- km-º-Øn-I- km-aq-ln-I- hn-I-k-\m-kq-X-W-Øn-\p-≈- D-∂-X- k-an-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xv.- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ Hcp extra consti-tutional body Bbncp -∂p. `cWLS\]Imctam ]m¿esa-‚ v- ]m-km-°n-b- \n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS-tbm- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏- - H-∂-√m-Ø-Xn-\m-em-Wv- C-]-Im-cwhn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xv.-^-e-Øn¬,- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- kz-`m-hw- H-cp- D-]-tZ-i-I- k-an-Xn-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.-

U¬-ln-bn-se- tbm-P-\m- `-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p-B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- B-ÿm-\w.- B-kq-

X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- F-Iv-kv-˛-H-^n-tjym- A-[y-£-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-bm-bn-cp-∂p.-

B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-\v- H-cp- D-]m-[y-£-≥D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p- A-Xn-s‚-ap-gp-h-≥k-a-b- F-Iv-kn-Iyp-ó-hv- ta-[m-hn.- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- I-c-Sv- bq-Wn-b-≥ Iym-_n-\-‰n-\v- ap-ºm-sI- k-a¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xv- D-]m-[y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ D-]m-[y-£-\v- Iym-_n-\-‰v- a-¥n-bp-sS- dm-¶m-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.-

B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- B-Zy- A-[y-£-≥ (sN-b¿-am-≥)- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp-hpw-D-]m-[y-£-≥ Kp¬-k-cn-em¬- \-µ-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- πm-\n-Mv- I-Ωn-j-s‚- ssh-kv- sN-b¿-am-\m-b- ti-jw- C-¥y-≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b- B-Zy- hy-‡n- \-c-knw-l-dm-hp-hpw- c-≠m-a-tØ-Xv-a-≥tam-l-≥ kn-Mp-am-Wv.-

πm-\n-Mv- I-Ωn-j-s‚- ssh-kv- sN-b¿-am-\m-b- ti-jw- C-¥y-≥ ]-kn-U-‚m-b- hy-‡n-bm-Wv- ]-Wm-_v-Ip-am¿- ap-J¿-Pn.-

B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- A-[y-£- ]-Z-hn-h-ln-®- G-I- h-\n-X-bm-b- C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bm-Wv- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- B- ]-Z-hn- h-ln-®n-´p-≈-Xv.- Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬-Im-ew- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-s‚- A-[y-£- ]-Z-hn- h-ln-®-Xv- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp-hm-Wv.-

2014˛¬- A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬-h-∂- \-tc-µ- tam-Zn- k¿-°m¿- B-kq-X-W-I-Ωn-j-≥ \n¿-Ø-em-°p-I-bpw- X¬-ÿm-\-Øv- \o-Xn- B-tbm-Kv- \-S-∏n-em-°p-I-bpw- sNbvXp.

tZiob hnIk\ kanXn(National Development Council)

]m¿esa‚n¬ AhXcn∏n°p∂Xn\vapºv ]©h’c ]≤XnIƒ°v A¥naAwKoImcw \¬Ip∂Xv tZiob hnIk\kanXnbmWv. 1952 HmKkvXn¬ HcpFIvknIypóhv Hm¿U¿ hgnbmWv tZiobhnIk\ kanXn cq]hXvIrXambXv. CXpwHcp extra constitutional body BWv.

][m\a¥n,F√m bqWnb≥ Iym-_n-\-‰v- a-¥n-am¿,- F-√m- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-se-bpw- ap-Jy-a-¥n-am¿,-tI-µ- `-c-W-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- A-Uv-an-\n-kv-tS-‰¿-am¿,- πm-\n-Mv- I-Ωn-j-≥ Aw-K-ßƒ- F-∂n-h¿- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv- tZ-io-b-hn-I-k-\- k-an-Xn.- km-º-Øn-I- B-kq-X-W-Øn¬- \-b-]-c-am-b- Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\v-]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- I-gn-™m¬- G-‰-hpw- D-b¿-∂-kanXnbmWnXv.

\oXn BtbmKv(Policy Commission)

\oXn BtbmKv F∂-Xns‚ ]q¿W-cq]wNational Institution for Transforming IndiaAayog F∂m-Wv.- tI-µ,- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ-°v- B-h-iy-am-b- X-¥-]-c-hpw- km-t¶-Xn-I-hp-am-b- D-]-tZ-iw- \¬-Ip-I- F-∂-Xm-Wv-\o-Xn- B-tbm-Kn-s‚- [¿-aw.- ]-[m-\- a-¥n-bm-Wv- \o-Xn- B-tbm-Kn-s‚- sN-b¿-t]-gv-k-¨.-

2014 Hm-K-Ãv- 13˛-\m-Wv- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ \n¿-Ø-em-°p-∂-Xv- kw-_-‘n-®- ]-Jym-]-\w- tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- \-S-Øn-b-Xv.- ssN-\-bn-se- \m-j-W¬- sU-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- B-≥Uv- dn-t^mw-kv- I-Ωn-j-s‚- am-Xr-I-bn¬- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-\p- ]-I-c-am-bn- H-cp- kw-hn-[m-\w-\-S-∏n-em-°p-sa-∂v- 2014 Hm-K-Ãv- 15\v- tam-Zn- ]-cm-a¿-in-®p.-

2015 P-\p-h-cn- H-∂n-\m-Wv- \o-Xn- B-tbm-Kn-s‚- cq-]-h-Xv-I-c-Ww- ]-Jym-]n-®-Xv.- 2015 s -_p-h-cn- 7˛-\m-Wv- \o-Xn- B-tbm-Kn-s‚- B-Zy-tbm-Kw- \-S-∂-Xv.-

\o-Xn- B-tbm-Kn-s‚- K-th-Wn-Mv- Iu-¨-kn-en¬- F-√m- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw- \n-b-a-k-`-bp-≈- tI-µ- `-c-W- ]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sS-bpw-ap-Jy-a-¥n-am-cpw- tI-µ- -c-W- ]-tZ-i-ß-fp-sSe^v‰--\‚ v Kh¿W¿amcpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.

vv\oXn Btbm-Kn¬ Hcp sshkv sNb¿t]-gvkWpw c≠v ^pƒ ssSw AwK-ßfpw c≠v]m¿´v ssSw AwK-ßfpw Hcp No^v FIvkn-Iyp-óhv Hmô-kdpw ][m-\-a¥n \ma-\n¿t±iw sNøp∂ tIµ-a-¥n-amcmb \mevFIvkv H^ntjym AwK-ßfpw D≠v.

\oXn BtbmKns‚ BZy sNb¿t]gvk¨ \tcµ tamZn-bm-Wv. Ac-hnµv ]\-K-cnb BWv BZy sshkv sNb¿t]-gvk-¨. kn‘pio Jp≈¿ BWv No^v FIvkn-Iyp-óhv Hmô-k¿.

]©h’c ]≤XnIƒ

Phml¿-em¬- s\-lp-hn-s\-bm-Wv- C-¥y-≥ ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂p-hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- tkm-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-s\-am-Xr-I-bm-°n-bm-Wv- Cu- hn-I-k-\-X-¥w- C-¥y-bn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-\m-Wv- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS- cq-]-tc-J-X-øm-d-m°nbncp∂Xv.

H∂mw ]©h’c ]≤XnH∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏n-em-°n-

b-Xv- 1951˛-56 Im-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv.- ss]-a-dn- sk-Iv-S-dn-\v- A-Y-hm- Im¿-jn-I-hn-I-k-\-Øn-\m-Wv-Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- ]m-[m-\yw- \¬-In-b-Xv.- lm-tcm-Uv- tUm-a¿- amXrI (Harrod–Domarmodel) bnemWv ]≤Xn \S∏m°nbXv.

e£yan´ hf¿®m-\n-c-°v- 2.-1 i-X-am-\-hpw-ssI-h-cn-®-Xv- 3.-6 i-X-am-\-hp-am-Wv.- sU-k¿-´v-sU-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- t]m-Kmw,- \m-j-W¬- F-Iv-Ã-≥j-≥ kv-Iow- F-∂o- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- B-cw-`n-®-Xpw- hn-hn-t[m-t±-iy- P-e-tk-N-\- ]-≤-Xn-I-fm-b- -Im-\w-K¬,- ln-cm-°p-Uv,- Zm-tam-Z¿- hm-en- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv- H-∂mw- ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv.- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- A-S-¶¬- Xp-I- 2069tIm-Sn-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-epw- ]n-∂o-Sv- 2378 tIm-Sn-bm-bn- Db¿Øn.

c≠mw ]©h’c ]≤XnhyhkmbØn-\v- ]m-[m-\yw- \¬-In-b- c-

≠mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn- 1956˛-61 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- \-S-∏m-°n.- ]-i-kv-X- ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-im-kv-X- hn-Z-Kv-[-\m-b- ]n.-kn.-a-l-e-t\m-_n-kv-1953˛¬- cq-]-I-ev-]-\- sN-bv-X- a-l-e-t\m-_n-kv-am-Xr-I-bn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b- ]-≤-Xn- 4.-5 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- e-£y-an-s´-¶n-epw- 4.-27 i-X-am-\-am-Wv- ssI-h-cn-®-Xv.- C-≥U-kv-Sn- B-‚ v- Sm-≥kv-t]m¿-´v- πm-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-

bp-sS- Im-e-Øm-Wv- dq¿-t°-e,- `n-em-bv,- Zp¿-Km-∏q¿- Ão¬- πm-‚p-Iƒ- B-cw-`n-®-Xv.- _w-Km-fn-se- Nn-ØcRvP≥ tIm®v ^mIvSdnbpw X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- s]-c-ºq-cn-ep-≈- tIm-®v- ^m-Iv-S-dn-bpw- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- Im-e-Øm-Wv.-c-≠mw- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- A-h-km-\-tØm-sS-bm-Wv-km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zym- ym-k-cw-K-sØ- A-Xyp-∂-X-hn-Zym- ym-k- ÿm-]-\-ß-fm-b- A-©v- sF.-sF.-Sn.-Iƒ- (Indian Institutes of Technology) C-¥y-bn¬- ÿm-]n-®-Xv.- D-∂-X- hn-Zym-`ym-k- cw-K-Øn-\v- i-‡n- ]-I-cp-∂-Xn-\v- bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n- Km-‚-kv- I-Ωn-j-≥ ÿm-]n-®-Xpw- c-≠mw-]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv.- I¬-°-cn- D¬-]m-Z-\w- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- h-S-°p-In-g-°v- ta-J-e-bn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- sd-bn¬-∏m-X-Iƒ- \n¿-an-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- ]-ap-J- K-th-j-W-tI-µ-am-b- Sm-‰- C-≥Ãn-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- ^-≠-sa-‚¬- dn-k¿-®v- ÿm-]n-X-am-bn.- 1956˛¬- C-¥y- hy-h-km-b- \-bw-]-Jym-]n-®p-.

aq∂mw ]©h’c ]≤Xnaq∂mw ]©h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn- Du-∂¬- \¬-

In-b-Xv- kz-bw- ]-cym-]v-X- km-º-Øn-I- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°m-Wv.- Ir-jn-°pw- hy-h-km-b-Øn-\pw-Xp-ey-]-cn-K-W-\- \¬-In- 1961 -66 Im-e-b-f-hn¬-\-S-∏m-°n-b- ]-≤-Xn- 5.-6 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-bm-Wv- e-£y-an-´-Xv.- F-∂m¬,- ]-e- Im-c-W-ß-fm-epw- e-£yw- ssI-h-cn-°m-≥ km-[n-®n-√.- ssI-h-cn-®- e-£yw- 2.-4 i-X-am-\-am-Wv.- [m-cm-fw-ss]-a-dn- hn-Zym-e-b-ßƒ- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bn¬-ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw- Im¿-jn-I- ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn¬- hn-π-hw- kr-jv-Sn-®- l-cn-X- hn-π-h-Øn-\v- Xp-S-°w-Ip-dn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- Im-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv- 1962 -se- C-¥y- bp-≤w- \-S-∂-Xv.-

aq-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-cm-P-bw- Im-c-Ww- Xp-S¿-∂p-≈- aq-∂v- km-º-Øn-I-h¿-j-ß-fn¬- cm-Py-Øv- hm¿-jn-I- ]-≤-Xn-I-fm-Wv- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- Cu- Im-e-L-´w- πm-≥tlm-fn-tU- F-∂m-Wv- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- cq-£-am-b- h-cƒ-®,- cq-]-bp-sS- aq-ey-Ø-I¿-®- F-∂n-h-bpw- k-º-Zv-hy-h-ÿ-sb- ]-Xn-Iqeambn_m[n®p.

\memw ]©h’c ]≤XnCµncm-Km-‘n- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b-ti-jw-

B-cw-`n-®- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- \m-em-a-tØ-Xv-(1969˛-74).- Km-Uv-Kn¬- tbm-P-\- F-∂-

FOCUS

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 13

Thiruvananthapuram DistrictNeyyattinkaraNedumangadAttingalVarkalaKazhakkoottam*Kollam DistrictParavurKarunagapallyPunalurKottarakkara*Pathanamthitta DistrictAdoorPathanamthittaTiruvallaPandalam*Alappuzha DistrictAlappuzhaKayamkulamCherthalaMavelikkaraChengannurHaripad*Kottayam DistrictChanganacherryKottayam

MUNICIPALITIES IN KERALA*VaikomPalaiEttumanoor*Erattupetta*Idukki DistrictThodupuzhaKattappana*Eranakulam DistrictKothamangalamMuvattupuzhaPerumbavoorMaraduThripunithuraThrikkakaraKalamasseryEloorNorth ParavoorAluvaAngamalyPiravom*Koothattukulam*Thrissur DistrictChalakkudyIrinjalakudaKodungallurKunnamkulam

GuruvayoorChavakkadWadakkancheri*Palakkad DistrictChittur - TattamangalamPalakkadOttappalamShornurMannarkkad*Pattambi*Cherpulassery*Malappuaram DistrictMalappuramManjeriPonnaniTirurPerinthalmannaKottakkalNilamburKondotty*Valanchery*Parappanangadi*Tanur*TirurangadiKozhikode DistrictVadakara

KoyilandyElathur - Thalakkulathur*Beypore*Cheruvannur - Nallalam*Ramanattukara*Mukkam*Koduvally*Payyoli*FerokeWayanad DistrictKalpettaMananthavadi*Sultan BatheryKannur DistrictThalasseryKoothuparambaMattannurThaliparambaPayyannurAnthoor*Panoor*IrittySreekandapuramKasaragod DistrictNileshwaramKanhangadKasaragod

dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- \m-emw- ]-≤-Xn- 5.-6 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- e-£y-an-Sp-I-bpw- 3.-3 i-X-am-\w- t\-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- ÿn-c-X-bp-≈- \o-Xn-bp-‡-am-b- hn-I-k-\-Øn-eq-sS- kz-bw- ]-cym-]v-X-X- ssI-h-cn-°-em-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ap-Jy- Du-∂¬.-Cu- ]-≤-Xn- Im-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv- 14 _m-¶p-I-fp-sS- tZ-i-km-Xv-I-c-Ww- \-S-∂-Xv.- l-cn-X-hn-π-h-Øn-eq-sS- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]p-tcm-K-Xn- Im¿-jn-I- ta-J-e-bn¬- ssI-h-cn-®p.- In-g-°-≥ ]m-In-kv-Xm-\v- _w-•m-tZ-si-∂- t]-cn¬- kz-X-¥-cm-Py-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-b- k-lm-b-ßƒ- \¬-In.

A©mw ]©h’c ]≤Xn1974 apX¬ 1979 h-sc- \-S-∏n-em-°n-b- A-

©mw- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Du-∂¬- Zm-cn-Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\-Øn-eq-sS- kz-bw- ]-cym-]v-X-X- ssI-h-cn-°-em-bn-cp-∂p.- 4.-4 i-X-am-\-am-Wv- e-£y-an-´- h-f¿-®m-\n-c-s°-¶n-epw- 5.-0 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- t\-

Sm-≥ I-gn-™p.- h¿-[n-®p-h-cp-∂- K-Xm-K-X-Øn-c-°v- t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xn-\v- \m-j-W¬- ssl-th- kw-hn-[m-\w- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bpw- \n-e-hn-ep-≈- tdm-Up-Iƒ- hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- hn-t\m-Z--k-©m-c-ta-J-e-bpw- ]p-tcm-K-Xn- ssI-h-cn-®p.-C-µn-c-Km-‘n- C-cp-]-Xn-\- ]-cn-]m-Sn- \-S-∏n-em-°n-b-Xpw- K-co-_n- l-Tm-thm- F-∂- ap-Zm-hm-Iyw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xpw- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv.- 1977˛¬- A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬-h-∂- sam-dm¿-Pn-tZ-im-bn- k¿-°m¿- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- 1978˛¬- a-c-hn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- X¬-ÿm-\-Øv- tdm-fn-Mv- ]-≤-Xn- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- 1978˛-80 Im-e-Øv- tdm-fn-Mv- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- \-S-∏n-em-°-nbXv.

Bdmw ]©h’c ]≤Xn]Xo£n® h-f¿-®m-\n-c-°m-b- 5.-2 i-X-am-

\-Øn-s‚- ÿm-\-Øv- 5.-4 i-X-am-\w- ssI-h-cn-®- B-dmw- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏n-em-°n-b-Xv- 1980˛-85Im-e-b-f-hn-em-bn-cp-∂p.- sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a-bpw- Zm-cn-Zy-hpw- \n¿-am¿-P-\w- sN-ø-em-bn-cp-∂p- Cu-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Du-∂¬.- hn-e-\n-b-¥-W- kw-hn-[m-\w- H-gn-hm-°-s∏- p.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°m-ew- s\-lp-hn-b-≥ tkm-jy-en-k-Øn-s‚- A-h-km-\-am-bn- hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-´p.- km-º-Øn-I- D-Zm-c-h-Xv-I-c-W- \-b-ßƒ-°v- Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-®- Cu-Im-e-b-f-hn¬- C-‚-tK-‰-Uv- dq-d¬- sU-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- t]m-Kmw,- \m-j-W¬- dq-d¬-

Fw-tπm-bv-sa-‚ v- t]m-Kmw,- ssS-kw- Xp-S-ßn-b- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- B-cw-`n-®p.- Ip-Spw-_m-kq-X-Ww- \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\v- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]m-[m-\yw- \¬-In.-

Ggmw ]©h’c ]≤XnkzX¥- k-º-Zv-L-S-\-bm-bn- C-¥y-sb- h-

f¿-Øm-≥ hn-h-c-km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-bn-eq-∂n-b-hy-h-km-b- h-f¿-®-bv-°v- Du-∂¬- \¬-I-s∏-´-G-gmw- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Im-e-b-f-hv- 1985˛-90 B-Wv.- sa-®-s∏-´- km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-bp-sS- ]-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS- hym-h-km-bn-I- D¬-]m-Z-\w- Iq-´p-I,- -£y-[m-t\ym¬-]m-Z-\w- Iq- p-I,- Iq-Sp-X¬-sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I- F-∂n-h-bpw-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ap-Jy- ]-cn-K-W-\-I-fn-epƒ-s∏-´p.-e-£y-an-´- h-f¿-®m-\n-c-°v- 5 -%- B-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-epw- 6.-01 i-X-am-\-w ssIhcn®p.

F´mw ]©h’c ]≤XntIµØnse- cm-jv-So-b- A-\n-›n-X-Xzw-

Im-c-Ww- 1990 ap-X¬- 1992h-sc- hm¿-jn-I- ]-≤-Xn-I-fm-Wv- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- Cu- Im-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv- ]p-Ø-≥ km-º-Øn-I-\-bw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv.-

1992˛-97 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b- F-´mw-]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn- ]p-Ø-≥ km-º-Øn-I- \-bw- (en-_-d-sse-tk-j-≥,- ss]-h-ss‰-tk-j-≥,- t•m-_-sse-tk-j-≥)- sIm-≠v- i-t≤-b-am-bn.- hy-h-km-b-ß-fp-sS- B-[p-\n-I-h-Xv-I-c-Ww,-Iq-Sp-X¬- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ,- ]m-Y-an-I- hn-

Zym-`ym-kw- Xp-S-ßn-b- ta-J-e-I-fn¬- i-≤n-®p.-P-\-kw-Jym-\n-b-¥-W- ]-h¿-Ø-ßƒ-°v- ]-Nm-cw- sIm-Sp-Øp.- 5.-6 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- e-£y-an-´- ÿm-\-Øv- 6.-78 i-X-am-\w- t\-Sm-≥km-[n-®p.-

HºXmw ]©h’c ]≤Xnkmaqln-I- \o-Xn-bn-epw- Xp-ey-X-bn-epw- A-

[n-jv-Tn-X-am-b- hn-I-k-\w- e-£y-an-´v- 1997˛-2002Im-e-b-f-hn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b- H-º-Xmw- ]-≤-Xn-Ir-jn-°pw- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bp-sS- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\pw- Du-∂¬- \¬-In.- B-tKm-f- km-º-Øn-I- X-I¿-®- ]-≤-Xn-sb- _m-[n-®p.- 6.-5 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®m-\n-c-°v- e-£y-an-s´-¶n-epw- 5.-4 i-X-am-\-ta- ssI-h-cn-°m-≥ I-gn-™p-≈q.- k-ºq¿-W- Km-ao-W- tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\,- kz¿-W-P-b-¥n- Kmw-kz-tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\,- ]-[m-\-a-¥n- Kmw-k-U-Iv- tbm-P-\,- A-t¥ym-Z-b- A-∂-tbm-P-\,- A-∂-]q¿-W,- kz-P¬-[m-c- Xp-S-ßn-b- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- \-S-∏m-°n.- ]m-Y-an-I- B-tcm-Kyw,- ss]-a-dn- hn-Zym- ym-kw,- -h-\- \n¿-am-Ww,-Ip-Sn-sh-≈w,- `-h-\-\n¿-am-Ww,- Ip-ń-Iƒ-°v-t]m-j-Im-lm-cw,- s]m-Xp-hn-X-c-Ww,- Km-a-ß-sf- ap-Jy-[m-c-bn¬- F-Øn-°¬- F-∂n-ß-s\-G-gv- A-Sn-ÿm-\- kw-hn-[m-\-ßƒ-°v- ]m-[m-\yw \¬In.

]Ømw ]©h’c ]≤Xn2002˛2007 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b- ]-

≤-Xn-bn-eq-sS- 8.-1 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®m-\n-c-°v-ssI-h-cn-°m-≥ e-£y-an-s´-¶n-epw- 7.-7 i-X-am-\-ta- t\-Sm-≥ I-gn-™p-≈p.- tZ-io-b- sXm-gn-

ep-d-∏v- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xpw- k¿-h-in-£m-A-`n-bm-≥ \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xpw- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv.- tZ-io-b- Km-ao-W- B-tcm-Ky-an-j-≥,-`m-c-Xv- \n¿-am-¨,- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp- A¿-

_-≥ dn-\yq-h¬- an-j-≥ Xp-S-ßn-b- ]-≤-Xn-I-fpw- \-nehn¬h∂p.

]Xns\m∂mw ]©h’c ]≤XnHºXv- i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- ssI-h-cn-°p-I-

F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS- 2007 -2012 Im-e-b-f-hn¬-B-cw-`n-®- ]-Xn-s\m-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv- hn-Zym-`ym-k- A-h-Im-i- \n-b-aw-]m-km-°n-b-Xv.- B-[m¿- ]-≤-Xn,- Bw- B-Zv-an-ò-am- tbm-P-\,- cm-jv-So-b- Ir-jn- hn-Im-kv- tbm-P-\,- cm-Po-hv- B-hm-kv- tbm-P-\,- kzm-`n-am-≥]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- \-S-∏m-°n.- 8.-2 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-

t\-Sn.- F-√m-h-tc-bpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- h-f¿-®-F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Du∂¬.

]¥≠mw ]©h’c ]≤XnXzcn-X-K-Xn-bn-ep-≈- hn-I-k-\w,- F-√m-h-tc-

bpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- hn-I-k-\w,- kp-ÿn-c- hn-I-k-\w- F-∂o- hn-j-b-ßƒ-°v- Du-∂¬- e-£y-an-Sp-∂- ]-¥-≠mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS-Im-e-b-f-hv- 2012ap-X¬- 2017 h-sc-bm-Wv.- F- p-i-X-am-\-am-Wv- ]-≤-Xn- e-£y-an-Sp-∂- h-f¿-®m-\n-c-°v.- Zm-cn-Zy-\n-c-°v- ]-Øp-i-X-am-\w- Ip-d-bv-°p-I- F-∂-Xpw- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yamWv.

KmahnIk\wKma]p-\-cp-≤m-c-Ww- e-£y-am-°n- H-‰-s∏-

´pw- Iq- m-bp-ap-≈- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- C-¥y-bn¬-]-e- ÿ-e-ß-fn-epw- ]-e- Im-e-ß-fn-epw- \-S-∂n-´p-≠v.- C-cp-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n-s‚- B-Zy-L-´-Øn¬- \-S-∂- _w-Km-fn-se- io-\n-tI-X-\n-se-bpw- l-cn-bm-\-bn-se- K¿-K-thm-Wn-se-bpw- X-an-gv-\m-ń-se- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-sØ-bpw- Km-a-]p-\¿-\n¿-am-W- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- Cu- ta-J-e-bn-

se- B-Zy-Im-e- ]-co£WßfmWv.

io\ntIX≥ ]co£Wwalm-I-hn- c-_o-µ-\m-Y- Sm-tKm-dm-Wv- Cu-

]-co-£-W-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv.- am-\p-jn-I-

aq-ey-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- ]-tNm-Z-\w-sIm-≠v- Sm-tKm¿-B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw- Km-ao-W- k-aq-l-Øn-s‚- km-º-Øn-I-hpw- kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hp-am-b- ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- io-\n-tI-X-\p-Np-‰p-ap-≈- G-Xm-\pw- hn-t√-Pp-I-sf-Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn- \-S-∏m-°n-b- Dƒ-°m-gv-N-bp-≈-Cu- ]-ÿm-\w- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- io-\n-tI-X-≥]-co-£-Ww- F-∂v- A-dn-bs∏´p.

K¿Kthm¨ ]co£WwK¿Kthm-¨- Pn-√-bn-se- U-]yq-ń- I-Ωo-j-

W-dm-bn-cp-∂- F- v.-F¬.-s_-bv-≥ F-∂- _n-ó-jp-Im-c-\m-b- kn-hn¬- k¿-ho-kv- D-tZym-K-ÿ-\m-Wv- Cu- ]-ÿm-\w- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®-Xv.-Km-ao-W-cn¬-Ø-s∂- kz-¥w- Km-a-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈- Xm¬-]-cyw- P-\n-∏n-s®-¶n-te- F-s¥-¶n-epw- ^-e-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bp-≈p- F-∂- k-Xy-am-Wv-C-Xn-s‚- Im-X-em-b- X-Ø-zw.

am¿ØmWvUw s]mPIvSvXangv\m-ń-se- am¿-Øm-Wv-Uw- F-∂- ÿ-

e-Øv- aq-∂p-ssa¬- Np-‰-f-hn-ep-≈- \m¬-]-tXm-fwhn-t√-Pp-Iƒ- Dƒ-s°m-≈n-®p-sIm-≠v- tUm.-kv-s]-≥k¿- lm-®v- \-S-∏m-°n-b- Km-a-]p-\¿-\n¿-am-W- ]-h¿-Ø-\-am-Wv- am¿-Øm-Wv-Uw-t]m-P-Iv-Sv.- Cu- kw-cw-`-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-]-am-Ww- kz-bw- k-lm-bn-°-¬ BWv.

tkhmKmwCXn-\p- cq-]w- sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv- a-lm-flm-Km-

‘n-bm-Wv.- kz-bw- ]-cym-]v-X-X,- Km-ao-W- hy-h-km-b-ß-sf- t]m¬-km-ln-∏n-°¬,- Km-ao-

(* including proposed municipalities)


W- ip-Nn-Xzw,- sXm-´p-Iq-Sm-bv-a- C-√m-Xm-°¬,-[m¿-an-I- aq-ey-ßƒ- h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°¬- F-∂o- X-Øz-ß-fn-e-[n-jv-Tn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- tk-hm-Km-an-se- Km-a-]p-\¿-\n¿-am-W- ]-≤-Xn-I-ƒ.

C´mh t]mPIvSvkzX¥ C-¥y-bn¬- 1952¬- B-cw-`n-®- I-

ayp-Wn-‰n- U-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- t]m-P-Iv-Sn-te-°v- h-gn-sX-fn-®- H-cp- kp-]-[m-\- ]-≤-Xn-sb-∂- \n-e-bn¬- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-in¬- 1948¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b- C-´m-h- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- i-t≤-b-am-Wv.- s]m-Xp-P-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw- k¿-°m-cn-s‚-bpw- k-∂-≤-tk-h-I-cp-sS-bpw- Iq-´m-b- ]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-eq-sS- Km-a-hn-I-k-\w- \-S-∏m-°p-I,- sN-dp-]-co-£-W-ß-fn-eq-sS- kzo-Im-cy-am-b-h-bpw- A-√m-Ø-h-bpw- Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-I,- ]p-Xn-b- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw- co-Xn-I-fpw-km-t¶-Xn-I-h-i-ß-fpw- Xp-≠p-`q-an-I-fn¬- ]m-tZ-in-I-am-bn- ]-co-£n-®-Xn-\p-ti-jw- am-Xw-ssI-s°m-≈p-I- F-∂o- k-ao-]-\-ßƒ- C-´m-h- t]m-P-Iv-Sn-s‚- B-I¿-j-I-am-b- L-S-I-ß-fm-b-ncp∂p.

_tdmUbnseKma]p\¿\n¿amW ]ÿm\w

Imemh-ÿ-sb- B-i-bn-®p-≈- Im¿-jn-I-hr-Øn-bn¬-\n-∂v- e-`y-am-Ip-∂- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ß-fp-sS- Ip-d-hv- ,- Km-ao-W-sc- km-c-am-bn- _m-[n-®n-cp-∂p.- 1932 -33¬- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- \-h-km-cn- Pn-√-bn¬- sIm-kmw-_-bv-°p- Np-‰p-ap-≈- G-Xm-\pw- Km-a-ß-sf- kw-L-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv-_-tdm-U- Km-a-]p-\¿-\n¿-am-W- ]-h¿-Ø-\w-B-cw-`n-®-Xv.- C-S-hn-´p-≈- sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a- ]-iv-\w- ]-cn-l-cn-°m-≥ I¿-j-I¿-°v- D-]-sXm-gn-ep-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xv- Cu- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- `m-K-am-b-ncp∂p.

aZmknse ^¿° ]≤XnKm‘nPnbpsS- Km-a-kz-cm-Pv- am-Xr-I- e-

£y-am-°n- a-Zm-kv- k¿-°m-cm-Wv- ^¿-°- hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- C-Xn¬- l-kz-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-epw- Zo¿-L-Im-em-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-epw- \m-\m-ap-J-am-b- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈- ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ- Dƒ-s°m-≈n-®n-cp-∂p.- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- tZ-io-b- hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n-b-t∏mƒ- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- A-Xn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.-

\o-tem-t°-cn- ]-co -£-Ww-C-¥ym-hn- -P-\-sØ-Øp-S¿-∂v- ]m-In-kv-Xm-

\n¬-\n-∂p-h-∂- A-`-bm¿-Yn-I-sf,- B-Zm-b-I-c-am-b- sXm-gn¬-\¬-In- ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-∏n-°m-≥ F-kv.-sI.-tU-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- H-cp- ]p-Xn-b- Su-¨-jn-∏v- \o-tem-t°-cn-bn¬- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.- H-cp- kw-tbm-Pn-X- Km-a-˛-\-K-c- hn-I-k-\- am-bn-cp-∂p- C-Xn-\p- ]n-∂n-se- k-¶¬-]w.- H-cp- `m-K-Øv- Ir-jn,- tIm-gn-h-f¿-Ø¬- F-∂o- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw,- a-dp-`m-K-Øv- H-cp- Iq-´w- sXm-gn-e-[n-jv-Tn-X- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-I- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- Cu- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- ]-tXy-I-X.- H-cp-]-Im-c-Øn¬,- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- D-≠m-b- C-≥U-kv-Sn-b¬- F-tÃ-‰p-I-fp-sS- ap-t∂m-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- \o-tem-t°-cn.-

Km-a-hn-I-k-\w- kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬-`q-cn-]-£w- P-\-ß-fpw- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-

bn¬- A-[n-h-kn-°p-∂- H-cp- cm-Py-am-Wv- C-¥y.-A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- Km-a-ß-fp-sS- ]p-tcm-K-Xn-bm-Wv- C-¥y-bp-sS-bpw- ]p-tcm-K-Xn.- sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a-bpw- Zm-cn-Zy-hp-am-Wv- Km-ao-W- C-¥y-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ]-iv-\-ßƒ.- 1951˛¬- B-cw-`n-®- H-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- I-c-Sv-tc-J-bn¬- km-aq-ln-I- hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚- A-\n-hm-cy-X-sb-°p-dn-®v- ]-cm-a¿-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.-Zm-cn-Zy- \n¿-am¿-P-\-hpw- Km-ao-W¿-°v- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°-epw- e-£y-am-°n- kz-X-¥- C-¥y-bn¬- \n-c-h-[n- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- k¿-°m¿- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-sS- \m-a-I-c-W-co-Xn- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- ]-cn-jv-I-cn-°-s∏-s´-¶n-epw- A-h-bp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\- X-Øz-ßƒ-°pw- am-\-Z-Wv-U-ßƒ-°pw- am-‰-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.-

I-ayq-Wn-‰n - U-h-e-]v -sa-‚v - t]m-Kmw-˛-1952

I-ayq-Wn-‰n- U-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- t]m-Kmw- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- B-kq-Xn-X- hn-I-k-\-Øn-s‚- `m-K-

am-bn- H-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øv-1952¬- B-Wv- .- 1963 B-b-t∏m-tg-°pw- 5,-243I-ayq-Wn-‰n- U-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- tªm-°p-I-fn-eq-sS-C-Xv- cm-Py-sam- m-sI- hym-]n-®p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p.-Cu- kw-cw- -Øn-s‚- e-£yw- H-cp- ]-tZ-i-sØ-ù-Xn-I-hpw- am-\p-jn-I-hp-am-b- hn-`-h-ß-fp-sS-]-cn-]q¿-W-am-b- hn-I-k-\w- -Z-am-°p-I-bpw- A-Xp-h-gn- Km-a-k-aq-l-sØ- D-∂-X- Po-hn-X-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-te-°v- D-b¿-Øp-I-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p- .-Im¿-jn-tIm¬-]m-Z-\-Øn-s‚- Zp-X-K-Xn-bn-ep-≈-hn-]p-eo-I-c-Ww- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bp-sS- ]m-Y-an-tIm-tZy-iy-am-bn- \n-›-bn-°-s∏-´p.- Ip-Sn¬-˛-sN-dp-In-S- hy-h-km-b-ß-fp-sS- hn-I-k-\w,- i-cn-bm-b- K-Xm-K-X- ku-I-cy-sam-cp-°¬,- F-∂n-h-bv-°v- Du-∂¬- \¬-In-b-tXm-sSm-∏w- B-tcm-Kyw,- ip-Nn-Xzw,- `-h-\-\n¿-am-Ww- ,- hn-Zym-`ym-kw- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bv-°pw- ]-cn-K-W-\- \¬-In.- cm-Pyw- ap-gp-h-≥ 1963 H-Iv-tSm-_-tdm-sS- km-aq-ln-I- hn-I-k-\- ]-cn-]m-Sn-°p- Io-gn-em-bn.-

F-Iv-kv-‰-≥j-≥ kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-sS- H-cp-G-tIm-]n-X- kw-hn-[m-\w- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®-tXm-sSm-∏w- Pn-√,- tªm-°v,- Km-a- X-e-ß-fn¬- P-\-Io-b- ÿm-]-\-ß-fpw- kr-jvSn°s∏-´p.

Du¿PnX Im¿jnIhnI-k\ ]≤Xn (1960)

Im¿jnI ta-J-e-bn-se- hn-I-k-\w- Xz-cn-X-s∏-Sp-Øm-≥ 1960˛¬- C-¥ym- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v-B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- A-º-Xp-I-fp-sS- H-Sp-hn¬- h-cƒ-®-Im-c-Ww- Im¿-jn-tIm¬-]m-Z-\-Øn-ep-≠m-b- C-Sn-hm-Wv- ]p-Xn-b- ]-≤-Xn- B-hn-jv-I-cn-°m-≥ t]-c-I-i-‡n-bm-b-Xv.-X-an-gv-\m- n-se- X-©m-hq¿,- B-‘m-]-tZ-in-se-

sh-Ãv- tKm-Zm-h-cn,- _o-lm-dn-se- j-l-_m-Zv,- a-[y-]-tZ-in-se- dm-bv-]q¿- (C-t∏mƒ- O-Øn-kv-K-Vv-)- F-∂o- \m-ev- Pn-√-I-fn-em-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-°v- Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-®-Xv.- s\-√v,- tKm-X-ºv,- an-√-‰v- Xp-S-ßn-b-hn-f-Iƒ-°v- ]m-[m-\yw- \¬-In.- t^m¿-Uv- û-t≠-j-s‚- k-lm-b-hpw- ]-≤-Xn°v e`n-®p.

lcnX hnπhw(1965)1944-˛¬ sa-Iv-kn-t°m-bn-em-Wv- l-cn-X- hn-

π-h-Øn-\p- Xp-S-°-an- -Xv.- A-ta-cn-°-≥ Im¿-jn-I- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-b- t\m¿-a-≥ t_m¿-tem-Kv-B-Wv- A-Xn-\p- Np-°m-≥ ]n-Sn-®-Xv.- C-¥y-bn-se- l-cn-X- hn-π-h-Øn-\pw- A-t±-lw- am¿-K- \n¿-t±-iw- \¬-In.- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-f-hp-X-cp-∂- C-\-ßƒ- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®pw- sa-®-s∏-´- P-e-tk-N-\-˛-Io-S-\n-b-¥-W-am¿-K-ßƒ- A-h-ew-_n-®pw- h-f-]-tbm-K-Øn-s‚- A-f-hv- h¿-[n-∏n-®pw- Im¿-jn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\- cw-K-Øv- ]p-tcm-K-Xn- ssI-h-cn-®- kw-cw-`-am-Wv- l-cn-X- hn-π-hw.- tUm.-Fw.-F-kv.- kzm-an-\m-Y-s\-t∏m-se-bp-≈- ]-K-ev-`¿-t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-In.- kn.-kp-_-a-Wy-am-bn-cp-∂p-tI-µ- Ir-jn- a-¥n.- ]-©m-_v,- l-cn-bm-\,- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-iv- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p- G-‰-hpw-Iq-Sp-X¬- t\- w- ssI-h-cn-®-Xv.- -£y-hn-f-I-fn¬-tKm-X-ºpw- \m-Wy-hn-f-I-fn¬- I-cn-ºpw- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]p-tcm-K-Xn- t\-Sn. I¿-j-I-sc-t_m-[-h-Xv-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬- B-Im-i-hm-Wn- ]-[m-\-s∏-´- H-cp- ]-¶p-h-ln-®p. A-`n-am-\m¿-l-am-b- t\-´w- ssI-h-cn-°m-≥ I-gn-s™-¶n-epw-l-cn-X-hn-π-hw- A-¥-co-£- a-en-\o-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS- ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-sb- _m-[n-®p- F-∂v- hn-a¿-i-I¿- hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-p.

t\m¿a≥ t_m¿temKv A¿∏n® tkh-\-

ßsf am\n®v cmjvSw 2006- ¬ At±-l-Øn\vG‰hpw Db¿∂ c≠m-asØ knhn-en-b≥_lp-a-Xn-bmb ]Zva-hn-`q-j¨ \¬In BZ-cn-®p. kn. kp_-aWyw 1998-˛¬ `mcX cXv\_lp-a-Xn-bneqsS BZ-cn-°-s∏-´p.

dqd¬ Ce-IvSn -^n-t°-j≥tIm¿∏-td-j≥ (1969)

cmPy-sa-ºm-Sp-ap≈ Kma-ß-fpsS sshZyp-Xo-I-cWw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Iº-\n-\n-b-a-]-Imcw cq]-h-XvI-cn® dqd¬ Ce-IvSn-^n-t°-j≥ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ 1969 Pqsse 25-˛\v \ne-hn¬h-∂p.

sNdpInS I¿jI hnIk\GP≥kn

(Small Farmers Development Agency)- 1971sa®-s∏-´- Im¿-jn-I- km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy- e-

`y-am-°p-I,- sN-dp-In-S- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- e-`y-am-°p-I,- sN-dp-In-S- P-e-tk-N-\- D-d-hn-S-ßƒ- sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-I,- Ir-jn- A-\p-_-‘- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fm-b- ar-K-kw-c-£w-Ww,- ]m-ep¬-]m-Z-\w,-tlm¿-ń-Iƒ-®¿- Xp-S-ßn-b- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sS- I¿-j-I-cp-sS- h-cp-am-\- h¿-[-\-hn-\p- k-lm-bn-°p-I- Xp-S-ßn-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- 1971˛¬- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ.- 1980¬- C-Xv- sF.-B¿.-Un.-]n.-bn¬- e-bn∏n®p.

hcƒ® _m[nX]tZißƒ°mbp≈ ]≤Xn

(Drought Prone Area Programme)-1973hcƒ® _m[nX- ]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- Im¿-jn-

01 THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICT01 Parassala02 Athiyannoor03 Perunkadavila04 Nemom05 Thiruvananthapuram Rural06 Kazhakoottam07 Nedumangad08 Vellanad09 Vamanapuram10 Chirayinkizhu11 Kilimanoor12 Varkala

02 KOLLAM DISTRICT13 Ochira14 Karunagappally15 Sasthamcotta17 Pathanapuram18 Anchal19 Kottarakkara20 Chittumala21 Chavara22 Anchalummoodu23 Mukhathala24 Ithikkara25 Chadayamangalam

03 PATHANAMTHITTA DISTRICT26 Mallappally27 Pulikeezhu28 Koyipram29 Ilathur30 Ranni31 Konni32 Pandalam33 Parakode34 Kulanada

04 ALAPPUZHA DISTRICT35 Thaikkattusseri36 Pattanakkad37 Kanjikkuzhi38 Arayad39 Ambalappuzha

DISTRICTS AND BLOCK PANCHAYATS40 Chambakkulam41 Veliyanad42 Chengannur43 Harippad44 Mavelikkara45 Bharanikkavu46 Muthukulam

05 KOTTAYAM DISTRICT47 VaikomB48 KaduthuruthyB49 Ettupmanoor50 Uzhavoor51 Lalam52 Erattupetta53 Pampadi54 Pallom55 Madappally56 Vazhoor57 Kanjirappally

06 IDUKKI DISTRICT58 AdimaliB59 Devikulam60 Nedumkandam61 Elemdesom62 Idukki63 Kattappana64 Thoudupuzha65 Azhutha

07 ERNAKULAM DISTRICT66 Parvoor67 Alangadu68 Ankamali69 Koovappadi70 Vazhakkulam71 Edappally72 Vypeen73 Palluruthi74 Vytila75 Mulamthututhi76 Vadvukode77 Kothamangalam

78 Pambakuda79 Parakkadavu80 Muvattupuzha

08 THRISSUR DISTIRCT81 Chavakkad82 Chowwannur83 Vadkkancherry84 Pazhayannoor85 Ollukkara86 Puzhackal87 Mullasseri88 Thalikulam89 Anthikkad90 Cherpu91 Kodakara92 Irinjalakkuda93 Vellngallur94 Mathilakam95 Kodungallur96 Mala97 Chalakkudi

09 PALAKKAD DISTRICT98 Thrithala99 Pattambi100 Ottappalam101 Sreekrishnapuram102 Mannarkkad103 Attappady104 Palakkad105 Kuzhalmannam106 Chittoor107 Kollangode108 Nenmara109 Alathur110 Malampuzha

10 MALAPPURAM DISTRICT111 Nilambur112 Vandoor113 Kondotty114 Areecode115 Malappuram

116 Perinthalmanna117 Mankada118 Kuttippuram119 Vengara120 Tiroorangadi121 Tanur122 Tirur123 Ponnani124 Perumbadappu

11 KOZHIKODE DISTRICT125 Vadakara126 Thrineri127 Kunnummel128 Thodannur129 Meladi130 Perambra131 Balusseri132 Panthalayani133 Chelannur134 Koduvally135 Kunnamangalam136 Kozhikode

12 WAYANAD DISTRICT.137 Mananthawadi138 Sultan Baheri139 Kalpetta

13 KANNUR DISTRICT140 Payyannur141 Thaliparabu142 Irikkur143 Kannur144 Edakkadu145 Thalasseri146 Koothuparambu147 Peravoor148 Iritti

KASARAGOD DISTRICT149 Manjeswaram150 Kasaragod151 Kanjangad152 Neeleswaram

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 15

I- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\m-bn- 1973¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw- n-®p.- Ir-jn-bpw- I-∂p-Im-en- k-º-Øpw- kw-c-£n-°p-I,- P-\-ß-fp-sS- km-aq-ln-I-hpw- km-º-Øn-I-hp-am-b- hn-I-k-\w- F-∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-[m-\- e-£y-ßƒ.- tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\-k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- 50:-50 F-∂- I-a-Øn¬- ]-≤-Xn-s®-e-hp- h-ln-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂-p hyhÿ.

Iam≥Uv Gcnb hnIk\ ]≤Xn(Command Area Development

Programme)-1974Pee- y-X- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-eq-sS- Im¿-jn-

I- D¬-]m-Z-\- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]m-Y-an-I- e-£yw.- `q-K¿-`-P-e-tk-N-\w- sa-®-s∏-Sp-Ø¬,- a-g-sh-≈- kw--c-W-hpw- hn-\n-tbm-K-hpw,- P-e-kw-c-£-W-Øn-

\n-W-ßpw-hn-[w- `q-an-bp-sS- I-ao-I-c-Ww,- I-\m-ep-I-fp-sS- hn-I-k-\w- F-∂o-h- I-am-≥Uv-G-cn-b- hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fmWv.

]m¥h¬°cn°s∏Í¿jI¿°pw

I¿jIsØmgnemfnIƒ°pambp≈hnIk\ GP≥kn

(Marginal Farmers and AgriculturalLabours Development Agency)-1975

SFDAamXr-I-bn¬- B-cw-`n-®- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- sN-e-hv- tI-µ- k¿-°m-cm-Wv- h-ln-®-Xv.- 1977¬- CXv SFDAbn¬ ebn∏n®p.

Ccp-]-Xn\ ]cn-]mSn (1975)ZmcnZyw C√m-Xm-°p-I,- km-[m-c-W-°m-c-

s‚- Po-hn-X- \n-e-hm-cw- sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-I- F-∂o- e-£y-ß-tfm-sS- 1975¬- `m-c-X- k¿-°m¿-B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- C-cp-]-Xn-\- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬-1982epw- 1986˛-epw- ]-cn-jv-Im-c-ßƒ- h-cp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn.- \m-j-W¬- tIm-a- - an-\n-aw- t]m-Kmw,- sF-Iy-cm-jv-S-k-`-bp-sS- an-t√-\n-bw- U-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- tKmƒ-kv,- km¿-°v- tkm-jy¬-Nm¿- ¿- F-∂n-h- hn- m-h-\w- sN-øp-∂- X-c-Øn¬-]p-\-cm-hn-jv-I-cn-®- C-cp-]-Xn-\- ]-cn-]m-Sn- - 2006\n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv- 2007 G-]n¬- H-∂n-\m-Wv.

^pUv t^m¿ h¿°v t]mKmw-˛1977ZcnZKm-ao-W¿-°v- sXm-gn-en-√m-Ø- Im-e-

ß-fn¬- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- \¬-In- k-aq-l-Øn¬- ÿm-bn-bm-b- B-kv-Xn-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- 1977 G-]n¬- H-∂n-\v- B-cw-`n-®p.- ÿm-bn-bm-b- t\-´-ß-sfm-∂pw- D-≠m-°m-≥ Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°p- I-gn-™-n√. 1980¬ NREP F∂-t]-cn¬- ]-cn-jv-I-cn-°-s∏-´p.-

sUU¿´v sUh-e-]vsa‚vt]mKmw (1977-˛78)

hcƒ®-bpsSbpw- a-cp-h-Xv-I-c-W-Øn-s‚-bpw- ]-Xn-Iq-e- -e-ß-sf- A-Xn-Po-hn-®v- Im¿-jn-tIm-Xv-]m-Z-\-hpw- I-∂p-Im-en- k-º-Øpw- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I,- ]cn-ÿn-Xn- k-¥p-e-\-Øn-\p-≈- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- t]m¬-km-ln-∏n-°p-I- F-∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw.- tI-µ- -kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- 75:-25 F-∂- I-a-Øn¬- ]-≤-Xn-s®-e-hp- h-ln-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- hyhÿ.

KmaoW bphP\ßƒ°v kzbwsXmgnen\pth≠nbp≈ ]cnioe\w

(Training of Rural Youth for SelfEmployment -TRYSEM)-1979

KmaoW bphP\ßƒ°v kzbwsXmgn¬ Is≠Øp∂Xn\mbn kmt¶XnI]cnioe\w \¬IpI, kwcwÌXztijnhnIkn∏n°pI, ]cºcmKX sshZKv[ywhnIkn∏n°pI apXembhbmbncp∂p Cu]≤XnbpsS e£yßƒ. 1979 BKkvXv 15\vBcw`n® ]≤Xn 1999 G]n¬ H∂n\vkz¿W Pb¥n Kma kztdmkvKm¿tbmP\bn¬ ebn∏n®p.

tZiob sXmgn¬Zm\ ]≤Xn(National Rural Employment

Programme-NREP)-1980^pUv t^m¿ h¿°v ]≤XnbpsS

]cnjvIrX cq]am-b- C-Xv- 1980 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- c-≠n-\v- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂p.- 50%- kw-ÿm-\- ]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b- tI-µ-]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.-sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°-em-bn-cp-∂p- e-

£yw.- 1989¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- P-h-l¿- tdm-kv-Km¿-tbm-P-\-bn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.-

kwtbmPnX KmahnIk\ ]cn]mSn(Integrated Rural Development

Programme)-1980Bdmw ]Zv[Xn Imebfhn¬ 1980¬

XpS°w-Ip-dn-®- Km-a-hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- A-∂v- C-¥y-bn¬- \n-e-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-5000˛¬- A-[n-Iw- tªm-°p-I-fn¬- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n.- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- Ip-Spw-_-ß-sf- Xn-c-s™-Sp-Øv- A-h¿-°v- kz-bw-kw-cw- -ßƒ- B-cw- n-°p-∂-Xn-\v- B-h-iy-am-b-km-º-Øn-I- k-lm-bw- \¬-In- A-h-sc- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- ap-I-fn¬- F-Øn-°p-I-bm-Wv- Cu-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-[m-\- e-£yw.- C-Xn-\p-th-≠n-[-\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- hm-bv-]-bpw-k¿-°m-cn¬-\n-∂v- k-_v-kn-Un-bpw- e- y-am-°n.-]-≤-Xn- \-S-Øn-∏n-\m-h-iy-am-b- [-\-k-lm-bw-tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- 50:-50 F-∂-A-\p-]m-X-Øn¬- sN-e-h-gn-®p.- Hm-tcm- Pn-√m-B-ÿm-\-Øn-epw- Hm-tcm- Pn-√m- Km-a- hn-I-k-\- G-P-≥kn-°v- cq-]w- \¬-In.- A-t¥ym-Z-b- ]-≤-Xn- ]-Im-c-am-Wv- sF.-B¿.-Un.-]n.- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- G-‰-hpw- Ip-d-™- h-cp-am-\-°m-cn¬-\n-∂v- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-sf- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-∂- ]-In-b-bm-Wv- A-t¥ym-Z-b.-

sN-dp-In-S-˛-]-cn-an-X- I¿-j-I¿,- I¿-j-I-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ,- Km-ao-W- ssI-sØm-gn-ep-Im¿- F-∂n-ß-s\- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Io-gn-ep-≈- F-√m-h-cpw- e-£y-hn- m-K-Øn¬-s∏- n-cp-∂p.-B-sI- hm¿-jn-I- e-£y-Øn-s‚- 50 i-X-am-\w-]-ń-I-Pm-Xn- ]-ń-I- h¿-K-°m¿-°m-bpw- 40 i-X-am-\w- kv-Xo-Iƒ-°m-bpw- 3 i-X-am-\w- hn-I-emw-K¿-°m-bpw- kw-h-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p.-

C-µn-cm-Km-‘n-bp-sS- Im-e-Øm-Wv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw- n-®-Xv.- hm-Pv-t]-bn- k¿-°m¿- 1999 G-]n¬- H-∂n-\v- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-sb- kz¿-W- P-b-¥n-Km-a- kz-tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\-bn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.

KmaoW h\nXminiphnIk\ ]cn]mSn

(Development of Women and Childrenin Rural Area-DWCRA)-1983-84kwtbm-Pn-X- Km-a-hn-I-k-\-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- D-

]-]-≤-Xn-bm-b- Km-ao-W- h-\n-Xm- in-ip-hn-I-k-\- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bp-sS- e-£yw- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- Km-ao-W- Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn-se- h-\n-X-I-fp-sS- Iq- m-b- sXm-gn¬-kw-cw- -ßƒ-°v- t]m¬-km-l-\w- \¬-Ip-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Io-gn¬- cq-]w-sIm-≈p-∂- h-\n-Xm-kw-L-ßƒ-°v- sF.-B¿.-Un.-]n.-\n-_-‘-\-Iƒ-°v- hn-t[-b-am-bn- _m-¶v- hm-bv-]-bpw- k-_v-kn-Un-bpw-\¬-Ip-∂p. 1983 -84em-Wv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw- n-®-Xv.- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-fp-sS- 50%- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn- -]- n-I-h¿-K-Øn-se- kv-Xo-Iƒ- B-bn-cn-°pw.

KmaoW `qclnX sXmgn¬`ZXm ]cn]mSn

( Rural Landless Employment Guaran-

tee Programme-RLEGP)- 1983-841983-˛84 ¬ B-Wv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Xp-S-

°w.- q-c-ln-X- sXm-gn-em-fn- Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn-se-H-cmƒ-s°-¶n-epw- h¿-j-Øn¬- Ip-d-™-Xv- 100]-hr-Øn-Zn-\-ßƒ- D-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-I- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ap-Jy-e-£yw.- tZ-io-b- sXm-gn-¬Zm\ ]≤Xnbpw Cu kabØv\nehnep≠mbncp∂p.

Cµncm Bhmkv tbmP\˛1985RLEGPbpsS A-\p-_-‘- ]-≤-Xn-bm-bn-

1985¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- 1989ap-X¬- P-h-l¿- tdm-

kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\-bp-sS- `m-K-am-bn.- 1996 P-\-h-cn- H-∂p-ap-X¬- kz-X-¥-]-≤-Xn-bm-bn.- ]-ń-I-˛-]-ń-I-h¿-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°pw- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- a-‰p-hn-`m-K-Øn¬-s∏-´-h¿-°pw- ho-Sp-\n¿-an-°m-\pw- ]p-\-cp-≤m-c-W-Øn-\pw- km-º-Øn-I- k-lm-bw- \¬-Ip-∂- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- C-Xv.- ]-≤-Xn-s®-e-hv- tI-µ- -kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- 75:-25 F-∂- A-\p-]m-X-Øn-em-Wv- h-l-n°p∂Xv.

I∏m¿´vCouncil of Advancement of People’sAction & Rural Technology (1986)Km-a-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- Po-hn-X- \n-e-hm-cw-

sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- 1986 ¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- ]m-h-s∏-´-h-sc-bpw- km-aq-ln-I-am-bn- ]n-∂m-°w- \n¬-°p-∂-h-sc-bp-am-Wv- ]-[m-\-am-bpw- e-£y-an-´-Xv.- hn-I-k-\-]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-\-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\v- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- k-∂-≤-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°v- I-]m¿-´v-k-lm-bw- \-¬Ip-∂p.

\mj-\¬ Un¶nwKv hm´¿anj≥ (1986)

Kma-]-tZ-i-ß-fnse IpSn-sh≈ e`yXh¿[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v 1986-˛¬ Bhn-jvI-cn®]≤Xn 1991-˛¬ cmPohv Km‘n \mj-W¬Un¶nwKv anj≥ F∂p ]p\¿\ma-I-cWwsNbvXp.

Phml¿ tdmkvKm¿tbmP\˛1989

tZiob sXm-gn¬-Zm-\- ]-≤-Xn-bpw- Km-ao-W- `q-c-ln-X- sXm-gn¬- `-Z-Xm- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bpw-kw-tbm-Pn-∏n-®v- A-Xn-s‚- ÿm-\-Øv- 1989¬-

cm-Po-hv- Km-‘n- k¿-°m¿- \-S-∏m-°n-b- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬-sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I,- A-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-I-cy-ßƒ- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I,- k-aq-l-Øn-\v- ÿm-bn-bm-b- B-kv-Xn-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-F-∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£y-ßƒ.-Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- 30%- kv-Xo-Iƒ-°m-bn- kw-h-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p.- Iq-en-bpw- km-[-\-ß-fp-sS- hn-e-bpw- X-Ωn-ep-≈- A-\p-]m-Xw- 60:-40B-bn-cp-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- ]-≤-Xn-sb- Km-a-k-ar-≤n-tbm-P-\- F-∂v- ]p-\¿- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bvXp.

s\lp tdmkvKm¿ tbmP\˛-1989

\Kcßfnse Z-cn-Z-bp-h-P-\-ßƒ-°v- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- e-`y-am-°m-\p-X-Ip-∂- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- 1989¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- 60:-40 F-∂- I-a-Øn-em-Wv- tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- Cu-]-≤-Xn-°m-bn- Xp-I- sN-e-h-gn-°p-∂-Xv.- 1997¬-C-Xv- kz¿-W- P-b-¥n- j-l-cn- tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\-bn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.-

Zie£w InW¿ ]≤Xn(Million Well Scheme)-1988-89

tZiob- Km-ao-W- sXm-gn¬- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS-bpw- Km-ao-W- `q-c-ln-X- sXm-gn¬- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS-bpw- H-cp- D-]- ]-≤-Xn-bm-bn- Z-i-e-£w- In-W¿- ]-≤-Xn- 1988˛-89 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- 1988˛-89¬- P-h-l¿- tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\-bp-sS- D-]-]-≤-Xn-bm-bn.- 1999¬- kz-X-¥- ]-≤-Xn-bm-bn.- sF.-B¿.-Un.-]n.- k¿-th- ]-Im-cw- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn- -]- n-I-h¿-K-hn- m-K-°m-cn-se- sN-dp-In-S- \m-a-am-X- I¿-j-I-cm-Wv- Cu-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£y-Kq-∏v.- C-h-sc-°q-Sm-sX-Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn- -]-ń-I-h¿-K-°m-c-√m-Ø- sN-dp-In-S- \m-a-am-X- I¿-j-I¿-°pw- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- k-lm-b-Øn-\v-A¿-l-X-bp-≠v.- C-Xv- sam-Øw- Xp-I-bp-sS- aq-∂n-sem-∂n¬- Iq-Sm-≥ ]m-Sn-√.- 1999 G-]n¬-H-∂p-ap-X¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- F-kv.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh.-bn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.-

Ip-So¿- tPym-Xn- ]-≤-Xn-˛- 1988˛-89]-ń-I-Pm-Xn-˛-]-ń-I- h¿-K-°m-cp-sS-bpw- Zm-

cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈-h-cp-sS-bpw- Po-hn-X- \n-e-hm-cw- D-b¿-Øm-\p-≈- ]-≤-Xn- 1988˛-89¬- B-cw-`n-®-p.

KmaoW ssIsØmgnemfnIƒ°vsa®s∏´ sXmgnep]IcWßfpsS

hnXcWw(Supply of Improved Toolkits to Rural

Artisans)-1992sF.B¿.Un.]n .bpsS A\p_‘

]≤Xnbmbn-´m-Wv- C-Xv- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- hn-hn-[-X-cw- sXm-gn-ep-I-fn¬- G¿-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Km-ao-W- ssI-sØm-gn¬- I-c-Iu-i-e- sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°v- X-ß-fp-sS- D¬-]-∂-Øn-s‚- Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- A-Xn-eq-

THIRUVANANTHAPURAM DISTRICTThiruvananthapuram RDO: Neyyattinkara,Kattakkada, Nedumangadu,Thiruvananthapuram,Chirayinkeezhu (HQ: Attingal), VarkalaKOLLAM DISTRICTKollam RDO: Kollam,Kunnathoor (HQ: Sasthamcotta),Karunagappally, Kottarakkara, Punalur,PathanapuramPATHANAMTHITTA DISTRICTAdoor RDO: Adoor, Konni,Kozhencherry (HQ: Adoor)Thiruvalla RDO: Ranni, Mallappally, ThiruvallaALAPPUZHA DISTRICTChengannur RDO: Chengannur, Mavelikkara,Karthikappally (HQ: Haripad)Alappuzha RDO: Kuttanad (HQ: Mankombu),Ambalappuzha

DISTRICTS, REVENUE DIVISIONS AND TALUKS(HQ: Alappuzha), CherthalaKOTTAYAM DISTRICTKottayam RDO: Changanasserry, Kottayam,KanjirappallyPalai RDO: Meenachil (HQ: Palai), VaikomIDUKKI DISTRICTDevikulam RDO: Peermade, Udumbanchola(HQ: Nedumkandam), DevikulamIdukki RDO: Idukki (HQ: Painavu, ThodupuzhaERNAKULAM DISTRICTMuvattupuzha RDO: Kothamangalam,Muvattupuzha, Kunnathunad (HQ:Perumbavoor)Fort Kochi RDO: Kanayannur (HQ: Ernakulam),Kochi (HQ: Fort Kochi), North Paravur, AluvaTHRISSUR DISTRICTThrissur RDO: Chalakudy, Mukundapuram (HQ:Irinjalakuda), Kodungallur, Thrissur, Thalapilly(HQ: Wadakkancheri), ChavakkadPALAKKAD DISTRICT

Palakkad RDO: Alathur, Chittur, PalakkadOttappalam RDO: Pattambi, Ottappalam,MannarkkadMALAPPURAM DISTRICTPerinthalmanna RDO: Perinthalmanna, Eranad(HQ: Manjeri, Kondotty, NilamburTirur RDO: Ponnani, Tirur, ThiroorangadiKOZHIKODE DISTRICTKozhikode RDO: Kozhikode, Thamarassery,Koyilandy, VadakaraWAYANAD DISTRICTMananthavady RDO: Vythiri (HQ: Kalpetta),Sulthan Bathery), MananthavadyKANNUR DISTRICTThalassery RDO: Thalassery, Iritty, Kannur,ThalipparambaKASARAGOD DISTRICTKanhangad RDO: Hosdurg, Vellarikundu,Kasaragod, Manjeshwaram (HQ: Uppala)


sS- h-cp-am-\- h¿-[-\-hn-\p-am-bn- sa-®-s∏-´- D-]-I-c-W-ßƒ- \¬-I-em-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw.-1999 G-]n¬- H-∂p-ap-X¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-F-kv.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh.-bn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.-

a-ln-fm- k-ar-≤n- tbm-P-\-˛-1993Km-ao-W- kv-Xo-I-fn¬- \n-t£-]-kz-`m-hw-

h-f¿-Øp-I- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS- 1993¬- Cu-]-≤-Xn- B-cw-`n-®p.- ]n-∂o-Sn-Xv- C-µn-cm- a-ln-fm- tbm-P-\-bn¬- e-bn-∏-n®p.

sXmgnepd∏v ]≤Xn(Employment Assurance Scheme)-1993

1993¬ B-cw-`n-®p.- Km-a-ß-fn¬- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈-h¿-°v- Im¿-jn-I- tPm-en-Iƒ- Ip-d-hp-≈- am-k-ß-fn¬- 100 Zn-h-k-sØ- sXm-gn¬- D-d-∏m-°p-I-bm-Wn-Xn-s‚- ]m-Y-an-I- e-£yw.- ÿm-bn-bm-b- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\pw- sXm-gn-e-h-k-c- kr-jv-Sn-°pw- ]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂- km-º-Øn-Im-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-I-cy-ß-fp-sS-bpw- km-aq-ln-Im-kv-Xn-I-fp-sS-bpw- kr-jv-Sn-bpw- C-Xn-s‚- e-£y-ß-fn¬-s∏-Sp-∂p.- b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬- sXm-gn¬- B-h-iy-ap-≈-h¿-°pw-A-Xv- I-s≠-Øm-≥ I-gn-bm-Ø-h¿-°p-am-Wv-Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bn-eq-sS- sXm-gn¬- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.-Im-bn-Im-[zm-\w- B-h-iy-ap-≈- A-hn-Z-Kv-[-sXm-gn-em-bn-cn-°pw- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hn-\v- e-`n-°p-∂-Xv.- 2001 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 25\v- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-sb- k-ºq¿-W- Km-ao -¨- tdm-k- vKm¿tbmP\bn¬ ebn∏n®p.

ss]wan\ntÃgvkvtdmkvKm¿ tbmP\-˛ 1993A`ykvXhnZycpw sXm-gn¬-c-ln-X-cp-am-b-

bp-h-P-\-ß-sf- e-£yw- h-®p-sIm-≠v- \-c-knw-l-dm-hp- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- Im-e-Øm-Wv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw-`n-®-Xv.- kv-Xo-Iƒ-°pw- Zp¿-_-e- P-\-hn- m-K-ßƒ-°p-am-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- ap-≥K-W-\.-

Un-kv -Sn -Iv -S v - dq-d¬-sU-h-e-]v -sa-‚v - G-P-≥kn- (1993)-

Km-a-hn-I-k-\- h-Ip-∏n-s‚- Zm-cn-Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- hn-I-k-\- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- Xz-cn-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw- th-≠n- cq-]w- \¬-In-b- ]-tXy-I- s]m-

-j-W¬- G-P-≥kn-bm-Wv- Un-kv-Sn-Iv-Sv- dq-d¬-sU-h-e-]v-sa-‚ v- G-P-≥kn.- ]-©m-b-Øv- cm-Pv-\n-b-aw- ]-Im-cw- Un.-B¿.-Un.- F.-bp-sS- A-[y-£-≥ Pn-√m- ]-©m-b-Øv- ]-k-n-U-‚m-Wv.-

KmaoW ASnÿm\kuIcy hnIk\ \n[n

(Rural Infrastructure DevelopmentFund)-1995-96

\_m¿-Um-Wv- 1995˛-96¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw-`n-®-Xv.- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m¿- cq-]-I¬-]-\-sN-øp-∂- Km-ao-W- tdm-Up-Iƒ,- ]m-e-ßƒ,- sN-dp-In-S- P-e-tk-N-\w- Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°v- C-Xn-s‚- Io-gn¬- Zo¿-L-Im-e- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- \-_m¿-Un¬-\n-∂v- \¬Inhcp∂p.

KwKm Ieym¨ tbmP\-˛-1997KmaoW Zm-cn-Zy- \n¿-am¿-P-\w- e-£y-am-

°n- ]p-Xn-b- B-kv-Xn-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-bpw-

\n-e-hn-ep-≈-h-bp-sS- \n-e-hm-cw- D-b¿-Øp-I-bp-am-Wv- Kw-Km- I-eym- - tbm-P-\- (Pn.-sI.-ssh-)-bn-eq-sS- k¿-°m¿- D-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv.- t_m¿-sh-√p-I-fpw- Syq-_v- sh-√p-I-fpw- (Ip-g¬-°n-W¿-)-ÿm-]n-®v- q-K¿- - P-e-hn-\n-tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS- sN-dp-In-S- P-e-tk-N-\w-Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-fm-b- hy-‡n-Iƒ-°pw- Kq-∏p-Iƒ-°pw- km-[y-am-°p-I-F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw.-

kz¿W Pb¥n jlcntdmkvKm¿ tbmP\˛1997

\Kc-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- Zm-cn-Zy- \n¿-am¿-P-\-Øn-\p-≈- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- \n-en-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂- s\-lp- tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\,- \-K-c- Z-cn-Z¿-°p-≈- A-Sn-ÿm-\- tk-h-\- ]-≤-Xn,- ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bp-sS- kw-tbm-Pn-X- \-K-c-Zm-cn-Zy-\n¿-am¿-P-\- ]-≤-Xn- F-∂o- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- kw-tbm-Pn-∏n-®m-Wv- 1997 Un-kw-_¿- H-∂n-\v- ]-≤-Xn- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.- C-Xn¬- aq-∂v- D-]- ]-≤-Xn-I-fp-≠v-˛- \-K-c- kz-bw- sXm-gn¬- ]-≤-Xn,- \-K-c- th-X-\- kz-bw-sXm-gn¬- ]-≤-Xn,- kv-Xo-I-fp-sS-bpw- Ip-´n-I-fp-sS-bpw- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈- ]-≤-Xn.-

Phml¿ Kmakar≤n tbmP\(JGSY) ˛1999

Phml¿- tdm-kv-Km¿- tbm-P-\-bp-sS- \-ho-I-cn-®- cq-]-am-b- C-Xv- 1999 G-]n¬- H-∂p-ap-X-em-Wv- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- Km-a-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fp-sS- \n-b-¥-W-Øn¬- \-S-∏m-°p-∂- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw- Km-ao-W- A-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-I-cy-hn-I-k-\amWv.

kz¿W Pb¥n KmakztdmkvKm¿ tbmP\

SGSY-19991978epw- A-Xn-\p-ti-jw- hn-hn-[- h¿-j-ß-

fn-em-bpw- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂- sF.-B¿.-Un.-]n.,-ssS-kw,- an-ey-¨- sh¬- ]-≤-Xn,- Kw-Km- I-eym- - tbm-P-\,- Un.-U-ªyp.-kn.-B¿.-F.,- Km-ao-W- ssI-sØm-gn-ep-]-I-c-W- ]-cn-]m-Sn- F-∂o-kw-tbm-Pn-∏n -®p-sIm-≠v- tI-µ-k¿°m¿Bcw`n® Cu ]≤Xn 1999 G]n¬ H∂n\v\nehn¬h∂p. kzbw sXmgn¬ ]≤XnbpsSF√m L-S-I-ß-fpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- H-cp- k-a-K- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn-se- Aw-K-ß-sf- kz-bw-k-lm-b- kw-L-ß-fm-bn- kw-L-Sn-∏n-°p-I,-A-h¿-°v- B-h-iy-ap-≈- ]-cn-io-e-\w,- km-t¶-Xn-I- ⁄m-\w,- A-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-I-cy-ßƒ,-hn-]-W-\- ku-I-cyw,- hm-bv-]m- k-_v-kn-Un- ap-X-em-b-h- e-`y-am-°n- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-sf- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- ta-te- D-b¿-Øp-I-bm-Wv- e-£yw.- F-kv.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh.- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-fn¬- 50 i-X-am-\w- ]- n-I-Pm-Xn- ]- n-I-h¿-K-°m-cpw- 40 i-X-am-\w- kv-Xo-I-fpw- 3 i-X-am-\w- hn-I-emw-K-cpw- B-bn-cn-°-Ww.- 75:-25 F-∂- A-\p-]m-X-Øn-em-Wv- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-Øn-∏n-s‚- tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\- hn-ln-Xw.-

k-a-K- B-hm-kv - tbm-P-\-˛-1999˛-2000

Po-hn-X- \n-e-hm-cw- D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw- ho-Spw- ]-cn-k-c-hpw- ku-I-cy-ap-≈-Xpw- hr-Øn-bp-≈-Xp-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- th-≠n- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®- Cu-]-≤-Xn- 1999˛-2000 h¿-j-Øn¬- 24 kw-ÿm-\-

ß-fn-se- 25 Pn-√-I-fn-em-Wv- ]-co-£-Wm-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv.- ip-Nn-Xzw,- ip-≤-P-ew,- hn-h-c- km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy- Xp-S-ßn-b- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-tfm-sS-bp-≈- ho-Sp-Iƒ- \n¿-an-°p-I-bm-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw.-

A-∂-]q¿-W- ]-≤-Xn- ˛-2000ap-Xn¿-∂- ]u-c-≥am¿-°m-bn- tI-µ- k¿-

°m¿- \-S-∏m-°n-b- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- 2000 G-]n¬-H-∂n-\v- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂p.- h-tbm-P-\- s]-≥j-\v- A¿-l-X-bp-≈-Xpw,- F-∂m¬- e-`n-°m-Ø-Xp-am-b- 65 h-b- n-\p-ta¬- ]m-b-ap-≈- hr-≤-P-\-ßƒ-°v- ]-Xn-am-kw- 10 In-tem-Kmw- -£y-[m-\y-ßƒ- ku-P-\y-am-bn- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-øp-∂- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv- A-∂-]q¿-W.-

]-[m-\-a-¥n- Km-a-k-U-Iv - tbm-P-\-˛-2000

Km-a-]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- A-™q-dn-e-[n-Iw- P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈-Xpw- tdm-Up-_-‘-an-√m-Ø-Xp-am-b- B-hm-k-tI-µ-ß-sf- G-sX-¶n-epw- ]-[m-\- tdm-Up-am-tbm,- tdm-Up-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂- G-sX-¶n-epw- B-hm-k- tI-µ-hp-am-tbm-_-‘-s∏-Sp-Øn- tdm-Up-\n¿-an-°p-∂- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°v- \q-dp-i-X-am-\w- tI-µ-hn-ln-Xw- e-`n-°pw.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- G-s‰-Sp-t°-≠- tdm-Up-I-fp-sS- ap-≥K-W-\m- ]-´n-I- Pn-√m- ]-©m-b-Øm-Wv- X-øm-dm-t°-≠-Xv.- tI-µ-k¿-°m-cn-s‚- am-\-Z-Wv-U-a-\p-k-cn-®v- \m-‰v-]m-°n-s‚- km-t¶-Xn-I- k-lm-b-tØm-sS- X-øm-dm-°n-bn-´p-≈- tIm¿- s\-‰v-h¿-°v- Hm-^v- dq-d¬- tdm-Uv-kv- B-Wv- ]n.-Fw.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh.-bn¬- G-s‰-Sp-t°-≠- tdm-Up-I-fp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\- tc-J.-

k-ºq¿-W- ip-Nn-Xz- b-⁄-]-cn-]m-Sn -˛ -2001

C-¥y-t]m-ep-≈- hn-I-kz-c- cm-Py-ß-fn¬-tcm-K-ß-fp-sS- ap-Jy-Im-c-Ww- kp-c-£n-X-a-√m-Ø- Ip-Sn-sh-≈-Øn-s‚- D-]-tbm-K-hpw- a-\p-jy-hn-k¿-Pyw- im-kv-Xo-b-am-bn- kw-kv-I-cn-°m-\p-≈- ku-I-cy-an-√m-bv-a-bp-am-sW-∂v- hy-‡-am-bn-´p-≠v.- Cu- ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬- Km-ao-W- P-\-X-bp-sS- Po-hn-X- Kp-W-ta-∑- sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-I,- kv-Xo-I-fp-sS- kz-Im-cy-X-bpw- A-`n-am-\-t_m-[-hpw- kw-c-£n-°p-I- Xp-S-ßn-b- e-£y-ß-tfm-sS- 1986¬- tI-µ- ip-Nn-Xz- ]-cn-]m-Sn-B-cw-`n-®p.- k-_v-kn-Un-bn-ep-≈- I-am-Xo-X-am-b- B-i-bw,- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-°-fp-sS- ]-¶m-fn-Ø-an-√m-bv-a- F-∂n-h- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn-]p-\-cm-hn-jv-Ir-X- Km-a-ip-Nn-Xz- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bpw-am-Xr-Im- Km-a-]-cn-]m-Sn-bpw- 1999¬- B-cw-`n-®p.- C-Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv- k-ºq¿-W- ip-Nn-Xz-]-cn-]m-Sn- 2001¬- B-cw-`n-®-Xv.- Km-a- ]-tZ-i-sØ- P-\-Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚- s]m-Xp-hm-b- Kp-W-ta-∑- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I,- ip-Nn-Xz- ]-cn-]m-Sn- hym-]-I-hpw- Xz-cn-X-hpw- B-°p-I,- B-tcm-Ky- hn-Zym-`ym-kw,- t_m-[-h¬-°-c-Ww- F-∂n-h-bn-eq-sS- B-h-iy-I-X- P-\n-∏n-°p-I,- hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn-epw- Aw-K-\-hm-Sn-I-fn-epw- ip-Nn-Xz-ku-I-cyw- G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn- ]-cn-]m-Sn- hym-]n-∏n-°p-I,- sN-e-hp- Np-cp-ßn-b- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b-kmt¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-Iƒ- t]m¬-km-ln-∏n-°p-I,-P-e-P-\y- tcm-K-ß-fp-sS- hym-]-\w- Ip-d-bv-°p-I- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- D-t±-iy-e-£y-ßƒ.-

hm-ev -ao -In- Aw-t_-Zv -I¿-B-hm-kv - tbm-P-\-˛-2001

2001 B-K-kv-Xv- 15\v- B-cw-`n-®- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw- \-K-c-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- tN-cn-I-fn¬- h-kn-°p-∂- `-h-\- c-ln-X¿-°v- ho-Sp-h-®p- sIm-Sp-°-em-Wv.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-°v- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂- sam-Øw- Xp-I-bp-sS- 20 i-X-am-\w- I-°q-kv- \n¿-am-W-Øn-\pw- ]-cn-k-c-ip-No-I-c-W-]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-°p-am-bn- am-‰n- h-bv-°-Ww.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- kw-tbm-Pn-X- `-h-\-˛-tN-cn-hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬- e-bn-∏n®p.

kºq¿W Kmao¨ tdmkvKm¿tbmP\ (SGRY)˛-2001

sXm-gn-ep-d-∏p-]-≤-Xn-bpw- sP.-Pn.-F-kv.-ssh-bpw- kw-tbm-Pn-∏-n®XmWv SGRY.

2001 apXemWv ]≤Xn Bcw`n®Xv. Cu]≤Xnbp-sS- A-S-¶¬- tI-µ-˛-kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- 75:-25 F-∂- B-\p-]m-X-Øn¬- sN-

e-hn-Spw.- \n-e-hn-ep-≈- sXm-fn¬-Zm-\- ]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- sXm-gn-en¬- G¿-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿-°v- th-X-\-Øn-s‚- m-K-am-bn- -£y-[m-\yw-Iq-Sn- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-øm-≥ D-t±-in-®p-≈-Xm-Wv- Cu- ]-≤-Xn.- A-hn-Z-Kv-≤-cpw- Iq-en-sØm-gn¬- sN-øm-≥ B-K-ln-°p-∂-h-cp-am-b- Km-ao-W¿-°v- A-[n-I- sXm-gn¬- \¬-Ip-I,- Km-a-ß-fn-se- ]m-h-s∏-´-h¿-°v- `-£y-kp-c-£- D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I,- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-sS- h-I-k-\-hpw- ÿm-bn-bm-b-B-kv-Xn-I-fp-sS- \n¿-am-W-hpw- D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I- F-∂o-h- Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-[m-\- e-£y-ß-fm-Wv.- kw-ÿm-\-sØ- Xn-X-e- ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ- h-gn-bm-Wv- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv.- ]-

Balwant Rai MehtaCommittee

The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was acommittee appointed by the Government ofIndia in January 1957 to examine the work-ing of the Community DevelopmentProgramme(1952) and the National Exten-sion Service(1953) and to suggest mea-sures for their better working. The Chairmanof this committee was Balwantrai Mehta.The committee submitted its report in No-vember 1957 and recommended the estab-lishment of the scheme of 'democraticdecentralisation' which finally came to beknown as Panchayati Raj.The main aim ofPanchayat raj system is to settle the localproblems locally and to make the peoplepolitically conscious.

Ashoka MehtaCommittee

In December 1977, the JanataGovernmsent appointed a committee onPanchayati Raj institutions under thechairmanship of Ashoka Mehta. Thecommittee submitted its report in August1978 and made 132 recommendationsto revive and strengthen the decliningPanchayati Raj system in the country.As a result of this report, the Indian statesof Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and WestBengal passed new legislation. However,the flow of politics at the state level didnot allow the institutions to develop theirown political dynamics.

NicknamesFather of Planning in India- M.ViswaswaraiahFather of Indian Statistics- P.C.MahalanobisFather of Indian Budget- P.C.MahalanobisArchitect of Panchyati Raj Belwant Rai MehtaFather of the idea of ‘Gram Swaraj’ Mahathma GandhiFather of Five Year Plans Jawaharlal NehruFather of Local Self Government in India Lord RipponFather of the idea of ‘People’s Plan’ M.N.RoyFather of Sreeniketan Project Rabindranath TagoreFather of Green Revolution Norman BorlaugFather of Green Revolution in India MS SwaminathanFather of Family Planning in India R.D.Karve

Various Committeeson Panchayati Raj

Balwant Rai Mehta : 1957V.T.Krishnammachari : 1960Takhatmal Jain Study Group: 1966Ashok Mehta Committee : 1977G.V.K Rao committee :1985Sarkaria Commission : 1986Dr.L.M.Singhvi Committee:1986

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 17

alm-flm-Km‘n tZiob KmaoWsXmgn¬ Dd∏v \nbaw˛2005Ahn-Z-Kv-[- sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-

Km-ao-W- Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ-°v- h¿-j-Øn¬- 100]-h¿-Øn-Zn-\-ß-sf-¶n-epw- sXm-gn¬- D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- e-£y-an-Sp-∂- tZ-io-b- Km-ao-W-sXm-gn¬- D-d-∏p-\n-b-aw- 2005 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- G-gn-\v- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂p.- C-Xp-]-Im-cw- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®-X-mWv Mahathma Gandhi NationalRural Employment Guarantee Programme-MNREGP.

s_¬-Pn-b-≥ [-\-X-Øz-im-kv-X-⁄-\pw-sU¬-ln- kv-Iqƒ- Hm- v- C-°-tWm-an-Iv-kn-se-Hm-W-d-dn- s]m-^-k-dp-am-b- Pm-Iz-kv- sU-sk-bm-Wv- tZ-io-b- Km-ao-W- sXm-gn¬- D-d-∏p-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- B-i-b-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv.-

Km-ao-W-ta-J-e-bn-se- A-kw-L-Sn-X-cm-b-sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- kw-L-Sn-X- i-‡n-bm-bn- D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw- ]p-cp-j-≥am-tcm-sSm-∏w- kv-Xo-Iƒ-°pw- Xp-ey-th-X-\w- e-`n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw-

Confusing FactsNational Institute of Rural Development is at Hyderabad. State Institute of Rural De-velopment is at Kottarakkara.First state in India to launch Panchyati Raj is Rajastan. The first South Indian State tostart the same is Andhra Pradesh. The first state to conduct elections of PanchayatRaj institutions after the 73rd amendment is Madhya Pradesh. The first state to intro-duce compulsory voting to Panchayat Raj Instititutions is Gujarat.The highest policy making body is cabinet. The second highest is National Develop-ment Council.The first Five Year Plan gave priority to agriculture.The second plan emphasised onIndustry.When the Kerala Assembly passed the Kerala Panchyati Raj Act the Chief Ministerwas K.Karunakaran (1995).A.K.Antony was the Chief Minister when the first electionto PRI was held (1995).The southernmost municipality is Neyyatinkara. The northernmost in Kasargod.The district with the largest number of block panchyats (17) is Thrissur. Malappuramhas the largest number of Grama Panchayats. The least number of Gramapanchayatsare in Wayanad.Formerly Panchayat Day was observed on the birthday of Belwant Rai Mehta (Febru-ary 19). Now PanchayatRaj Day (National Local Self-Government day) is observedon April 24.The Planning Commission was formed in 1950, First FYP was started in 1952 andNational Development Council was formed in 1952. NITI Aayog was formed in 2015.The first chairman of Planning Commission is Jawaharlal Nehru. The longest servedchairman of Planning Commission is Indira Gandhi. The first chairman of FinanceCommission is K.C.Neogi.Kerala State Planning Board was constituted in 1967. The first State Finance Com-mission was constituted in 1994 and the second SFC in 1999.The states without Panchayati Raj Institutions are Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoramand the Union Territory without the same is Delhi.Jawahar Rozgar Yojana aims the welfare of rural people and that of Nehru RozgarYojana is urban people.Jawahar Rozgar Yojana was started during the tenure of Rajiv Gandhi. Prime Minister’sRozgar Yojana was started during the prime ministership of Narasimha Rao.

≤-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-®v- H-cp- Pn-√-bn¬- e- n-°p-∂- sam-Øw- hn-ln-X-Øn-s‚- 20%- Pn-√m- ]-©m-b-Øn-\pw- 30%- tªm-°v- ]-©m-b-Øn-\pw- 50%-Km-a-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°pw e`n°pw.

kzP¬[mc˛20022002 Unkw_dn¬ ]h¿Ø\w

Bcw`n® CXv kaql]¶mfnØtØmsS\S∏m°p∂ IpSnsh≈ ]≤XnbmWv.

]pc (PURA) ]≤Xn˛2003Km-ao-W- P-\-X-bp-sS- k-a-K- hn-I-k-\-am-

Wv ]pc (Provision of Urban Ameneties inRural Areas-PURA) ]≤Xn-bn-eq-sS- tI-µ-k¿-°m¿- e-£y-an-Sp-∂-Xv.- \-K-c-ß-fn-se- ku-I-cy-ßƒ- Km-ao-W- ta-J-e-bv-°pw- ]-Zm-\w- sN-øp-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv- ]p-c- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-[m-\-e-£yw.- K-Xm-K-Xw,- Du¿-Pw,- C-e-Iv-tSm-Wn-Iv- cw-Kw,- ssh-⁄m-\n-I- cw-Kw- F-∂o- \m-ep-ta-J-e-I-fp-sS- k-a-K-hn-I-k-\-Øn-eq-sS- Km-ao-W-P-\-X-bp-sS- k-aq-e- hn-I-k-\-am-Wv- ]p-c-bp-sS- ]-[m-\-e-£yw.-

C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- ]p-c- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- _o-lm-dn-em-Wv.

KmaoW am¿°‰v bm¿Uv˛2003\_m¿Un-s‚- km-º-Øn-I- k-lm-b-tØm-

sS- Km-ao-W- ]-›m-Ø-e- hn-I-k-\- ^-≠p-]-tbm-Kn-®v- Km-a-]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬- Km-ao-W-am¿-°-‰v- bm¿-Uv- \n¿-an-°p-∂- ]-≤-Xn- 2003¬-B-cw-`n-®p.- ]-›m-Ø-e- ku-I-cy-ß-fp-≈- 50sk-‚ v- `q-an- kz-¥-am-bn-´p-≈- ]-©m-b-Øp-I-sf-bm-Wv- Cu- kv-Io-an¬- Xn-c-s™-SpØXv.

lcnbmen˛2003Xcnim-bn- am-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂- q- m-K-ß-

fp-sS- h¿-[-\- X-S-bm-\pw- a-Æn-s‚- ^-e-]p-jv-Sn-bpw- P-e- e-`y-X-bpw- D-d-∏m-°n- Im¿-jn-I- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- Du¿-Pn-X-am-°m-\pw- e-£y-an-´p-sIm-≠m-Wv- C-¥ym- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- 1989 ap-X¬- X-cn-ip-`q-an- hn-I-k-\- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏m-°n-h-cp-∂-Xv.- Km-a- ]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- ]-≤-Xn-°v- ]-©m-b-Øv-cm-Pv- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- ]-¶m-fn-Øw-D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øn-s°m-≠v- am¿-K-\n¿-t±-i-ß-fn¬-a-Xn-bm-b- am-‰-ß-tfm-sS- l-cn-bm-en- F-∂- t]-cn¬- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- 2003 G-]n¬- H-∂p-ap-X¬-B-cw-`n-®p.-

sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS- km-aq-ln-I- ]-Z-hn- D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw- k-lm-b-I-am-b- H-t -sd- hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ-Cu- ]-≤-Xn-bn-ep-≠v.- k¿-°m-cn¬-\n-∂v- 100sXm-gn-e-h-k-c-ßƒ- tNm-Zn-®p-hm-ßm-\p-≈- A-h-Im-iw- Hm-tcm- Km-ao-W- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\p-ap-≠v.- A-hn-Z-Kv-[- Im-bn-Im-[zm-\-Øn-\v- X-øm-dp-≈- Hm-tcm- Km-ao-W- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-se-bpw- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-b- G-sXm-cw-K-Øn-\pw- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- Kp-W-t`m-‡m-hm-Imw.- sXm-gn¬- \¬-Im-≥ I-gn-™n-s√-¶n¬- \n¿-±n-jv-S- \n-c-°n¬- A¿-l-cm-b- A-t]-£-I¿-°v- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m¿-sXm-gn¬- c-ln-X- th-X-\w- \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Wv.-]-≤-Xn- ]-Im-c-ap-≈- tPm-en-Iƒ- ]-¶n-Sp-tºmƒ-kv-Xo-Iƒ-°v- aq-∂n¬- H-cp-`m-Kw- \¬-I-Ww.-]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- B-kq-X-W-Øn-s‚-bpw- \n¿-h-l-W-Øn-s‚-bpw- F-√m- L-´-ß-fn-epw- Xn-X-e- ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°v- kp-]-[m-\-am-b- ]-¶m-Wv- h-ln-°m-\p-≈-Xv.- G-s‰-Sp-t°-≠- ]-Wn-Iƒ- Xo-cp-am-\n-°m-\p-≈- A-[n-Im-cw- Km-a-k-`-Iƒ-°m-Wv.- Cu- ]-≤-Xn- \-S-Øn-∏n-\v- tIm-¨-Sm-Iv-S¿-am-sc- \n-b-an-°p-hm-≥ ]m-Sn-√.- ]-≤-Xn-]-Im-cw- sXm-gn-en-\v- Hm-tcm- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-se-bpw- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-b- Aw-K-ß-fp-sS- t]-cpw- h-b- pw- ta¬-hn-em-k-hpw- Km-a-]-©m-b-Øv- B-^o-kn¬- c-Pn-Ã¿- sN-ø-Ww.- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\m-sI-bm-Wv- 100 Zn-h-kw- sXm-gn¬- e-`n-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu ]≤-Xn-bpsS ]tXy-I-X-Iƒ♦ an\naw Iq-en- D-d-∏p-\¬-Ip-∂p.-♦ I-cm-dp-Im¿- C-√-♦ b-¥-ßƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈-

\n-b-¥-Ww-♦ th-X-\-Øn-\v- B-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-bn-

B-kv-Xn-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°-Ww.-♦ ]-≤-Xn- B-kq-X-W-Øn¬- Xn-X-e-

]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°v- ap-Jy- ]-¶v-♦ \n¿-h-l-Ww- ]q¿-W-am-bpw-

-Km-a-]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ- ap-tJ-\.-♦ sXm-gn-ep-d-∏p-\n-b-aw- _m-[-I-a-√m-Ø-

kw-ÿm-\w- P-Ωp- I-ivao-cm-Wv.

Phml¿em¬ s\lp \mjW¬A¿_≥ dn\yqh¬ anj≥-˛2005

2005 Unkw-_¿ aq∂n\v ][m-\-a¥na≥tam-l≥knwKv DZvLm-S\w sNbvX Cu]≤-Xn - tIµ k¿°m¿ \mfnXphsc]Jym]n®n´p≈Xn¬ ht®‰hpw henb\Kc ]cnjvIcW ]≤XnbmWv.\K-c-ß-fnse ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ßƒ sa®-s∏-SpØp∂-Xn\pw Pohn -X -\n -e -hmcwDb¿Øm\pw ]≤Xn Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p.kwtbmPnX `h\˛tNcn hnIk\ ]≤Xn(Integrated Housing and Slum DevelopmentProgramme-IHSDP), \Kc ZcnZ¿°p≈ASnÿm\ tkh\ ]≤Xn (Basic Serviceto the Uraban Poor-BSUP)F∂nßs\ c≠pLSI ]≤XnIƒ CXn\p≠v.

tIc-f-Øn-¬ Phml¿em¬ s\lp\mjW¬ A¿_≥ dn\yqh¬ anj≥ \S-

∏m-°m≥ Xnc-s™-SpØ \K-c-ßƒ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-chpw sIm®n-bp-am-Wv. CXns‚ `mK-ambn Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØpw sIm®n-bnepw tem^vtfm¿ _kp-Iƒ k¿hokv Bcw-`n-®p. -

`mcXv \n¿am¨ (2005)2005 Unkw-_¿ 16\v Bcw-`n® `mcXv

\n¿am¨ ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£yw KmaoW taJ-e-bnse ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-ßƒ ka-b-_-‘n-X-ambn sa®-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂-Xm-Wv.KmaoW tdmUp-Iƒ, `h-\-\n¿am-Ww, Pe-hn-X-c-Ww, sshZyp-Xo-I-c-Ww, hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab kuI-cy-ßƒ F∂n-h-bpsS hnI-k-\-amWv ]mY-anI e£yw.

cmjvSob kzmÿy_oam tbmP\˛2007

2007¬ tI-µ- K-h-¨-sa-‚ v- ]-Jym-]n-®- C-Xv- Zm-cn-Zy-tc-J-bv-°v- Xm-sg-bp-≈- Ip-Spw-_-ßƒ-°p- th-≠n-bp-≈- B-tcm-Ky- C-≥jp-d-≥kv- ]-≤-Xn-bm-Wv.- ]-≤-Xn-s®-e-hn-s‚- 75 i-X-am-\w-tI-µw- h-ln-°pw.-

Bw BZvan _na tbmP\ (2007)tIµ kwÿm\ k¿°m-cp-Iƒ 50:50

F∂ A\p-]m-X-Øn¬ \S-Øn-∏p-sN-ehvhln-°p∂ Cu ]≤Xn Kmao-W-ta-J-e-bnseIpSpw-_-ßƒ°v kmaq-lnI kpc£ e£y-an-Sp-∂p. sse^v C≥jp-d≥kv tIm¿∏-td-js‚ kl-I-c-W-tØm-sS-bmWv ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv. kz¥-ambn qan-bn-√mØ IpSpw-_-ßfnse hcp-am-\-ap≈ AwKw ac-W-s∏-Sp-Itbm InS-∏n-em-Ip-Itbm sNbvXm¬ IpSpw-_-Øn\v klmbw e`y-am-°p-I-bmWv ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£yw. 18\pw 59\pw CSbv°v ]mb-ap-≈-h-¿°mWv CXn¬ tNcm≥ A¿l-X.

cmPohv Bhmkv tbmP\ (2009)A©p-h¿jw sIm≠v C¥ysb tNcn

hnap-‡-am-°m≥ tIµ k¿°m¿ Bhn-jvI-cn® ]≤-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv.

\mj-W¬ dqd¬ssehven-lpUv anj-≥ (2011)kz¿W-P-b¥n Kmw kztdm -kvKm¿

tbmP\bmWv \mjW¬ dqd¬ ssehven-lpUv anj\mbn ]p\-cm-hn-jvI-cn-®-Xv. cmP-ÿm-\nse ssS_¬ Pn√-bmb _≥kzm-c-bn-emWv 2011- ¬ ]≤Xn Bcw- n-®-Xv. Cu ]≤XnCt∏mƒ BPo-hnI F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Zmcn-Zy-tc-Jbv°v Xmsg-bp≈ IpSpw-_-ß-fnse Hcw-K-sØ-sb-¶nepw (I-gn-hXpw h\n-X-sb) Dƒs∏-SpØn kzbw klm-b-I-kw-L-ßƒ cq]-h-XvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v BPo-hnIe£y-an-Sp-∂p.

Cu kzbw-k-lm-b-I-kw-L-ßsf Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v hnt√Pv Xew apX¬ Pn√m-Xew hsc-bp≈ s^U-td-j-\p-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xpw ]≤-Xn-bpsS e£y--am-Wv.

ACP Annual Credit PlanBC Backward ClassBDO Block Development OfficerBLCU Basic Low Cost UnitBPL Below Poverty LineCCS Credit Cum SubsidyCPR Common Property ResourcesCRSP Centrally Sponsored Rural SanitationProgrammeDDP Desert Development ProgrammeDRDA District Rural Development AgencyDWCRA Development of Women and Childrenin Rural AreasEAS Employment Assurance SchemeGKY Ganga Kalyan YojanaHYV High Yielding VarietyIAY Indira Awass YojanaICDS Integrated Child Development SchemeIFAD International Fund for AgriculturalDevelopmentIFMR Institution of Financial Management

ReportIRDP Integrated Rural DevelopmentProgrammeJGSY Jawahar Gram Samridhi YojanaJRY Jawahar Rozgar YojanaKVIC Kadhi and Village Industries CorporationLPG Liquid Petroleum GasMNP Minimum Needs ProgrammeMPLADS Member of Parliament Local AreaDevelopment SchemeMWS Million Wells SchemeNABARD National Bank for Agriculture andRural DevelopmentNGOs Non Governmental OrganisationsNIRD National Institute of Rural DevelopmentNPBD National Project on Biogas DevelopmentNREP National Rural Employment ProgrammePHC Primary Health CentrePMRY Prime Minister’s Rozgar YojanaPRIs Panchayat Raj InstitutionsPWD Public Works Department

ACRONYMS / ABBREVIATIONS RELATED TO RURAL DEVELOPMENTRBI Reserve Bank of IndiaRD Rural DevelopmentRIDF Rural Infrastructural Development FundRLEGP Rural Landless EmploymentGuarantee ProgrammeRMK Rhastriya Mahila KoshRPDS Revamped Public Distribution SystemSGSY Swarnjayanthi Gram Swarozgar YojanaSHGs Self Help GroupsSIPCOT State Industry Promotion Corporationof Tamil NaduSIRD State Institute of Rural DevelopmentSITRA Supply of Improved Toolkits to RuralArtisansSLCC State Level Co-ordination CommitteeTRYSEM Training of Rural Youth for SelfEmploymentTSC Total Sanitation CampaignVAs Voluntary AgenciesVOs Voluntary Organisations


s]mXp-hn-⁄m\wDtZym-Km¿-Yn-Ifp-sS A`y¿-∞\ am-\n-®v-]n-.-Fkv-.-kn- _p-≈‰n≥- cPX Pq-_n-en- hn-tijm¬- ]Xn-∏n-ses]m-Xp-hn-Pv-Rm-\ßƒ _p-≈‰n-\n¬-- ]kn-≤o-Icn-°p-∂p- (1300 ap-X¬- 1750 hsc)

1751. bq-tdm-∏n-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b \-K-cw- tam-kv-tIm

1752. ]m-‰v-\ \-K-cw ÿm-]n-®-Xv- tj¿-j1753. B-Zy-sØ tem-I-I-∏v tlm-°n \-S-∂

ÿ-ew- _m¿-kn-tem-W1754. ]m¿-Y-km-c-Yn t£-Xw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-

˛ B-d-∑p-f1755. B-Zy-sØ tIm¨-K-kn-X-c ]-[m-\-a-

¥n- sam-dm¿-Pn tZ-im-bn1756. ]m-≠-bp-sS P-∑-tZ-iw- ssN-\1757. ]m-c-º-cy Kp-W-ß-sf A-Sp-Ø X-e-ap-d-

bn-te-°v ]-I-cm≥ k-lm-bn-°p-∂-Xv- Po-\p-Iƒ

1758. _p-≤-a-X-Øn-se Xn-c-Xv-\-ßƒ- _p-≤w,[¿-aw, kw-Lw

1759. A-h-km-\-sØ ap-Kƒ -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-_-l-Zq¿-jm c-≠m-a≥

1760. -c-W-L-S-\-]-Im-cw C-¥y-bn¬ b-Ym¿-Y \n¿-h-l-Wm-[n-Im-cw \n-£n-]v-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- Iym-_n-\-‰n¬

1761. ]-d-bn-s]-‰ ]-¥o-cp-Ip-e-Øn-se G-I h-\n-X- Im-c-bv-°-e-Ω

1762. `m-c-Xo-b `m-j-I-fn¬ B-Zy-am-bn a-lm-Im-hyw cq-]w-sIm-≠ m-j- kw-kv-Ir-Xw

1763. \o-≠-I-c ^n-jn-Mv lm¿-_¿ G-Xp Pn-√-bn¬- sIm-√w

1764. ]m¿-Yn-b≥ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fn¬ G-‰-hpw ]-i-kv-X≥- tKm-t≠m-s^¿-W-kv

1765. \o-Xn-bp-sS N-ß-e- kv-Ym-]n-® ap-Kƒ- N-I-h¿-Øn- -P-lmw-Ko¿-

1766. ]m¿-e-sa‚p-I-fp-sS am-Xm-hv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- _n- ¨

1767. ]-dp-Zo-k-bn-se hn-Øv F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv-˛ G-e-°m-bv

1768. \q≥-a-Xn F-Æ-ip-≤o-I-c-W-im-e G-Xpkw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- A-kw

1769. H-fn-ºn-Iv-kn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Ø B-Zy-sØ a-e-bm-fn-bm-b \o-¥¬-Xm-cw-˛ sk-_m-Ãy≥ tk-hy¿

1770. \q¿-P-lm≥ F-∂ hm-°n-\¿-Yw- tem-I-Øn-s‚ ]-Im-iw

1771. Hmƒ C-¥ym hm¿ sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ C-t∏mƒ F-¥p-t]-cn-e-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p- ˛ C-¥ym-tK-‰v

1772. C-¥y-bp-sS ss_-kn-°nƒ \-K-cw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ep-[n-bm-\

1773. io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s‚ Po-hn-Xw B-kv-]-Z-am-°n Kp-cp F-∂ t\m-h¬ c-Nn-®-Xv- sI.kp-tc-µ≥

1774. _-“m-\-µ-in-h-tbm-Kn P-\n-® h¿-jw-1852

1775. A-ssZz-X-Nn-¥m-]-≤-Xn c-Nn-®-Xv- -N- -ºn-

kzm-an-Iƒ1776. _m-em-I-te-iw c-Nn-®-Xv- -]-Wv-Un-‰v I-dp-

∏≥1777. -c-W-L-S-\m hy-h-ÿ ]-Im-cw cm-Py-

k- -bp-sS ]-c-am-h-[n Aw-K-kw-Jy- 2501778. tjm-fm-∏q¿ G-Xp hy-h-km-b-Øn-\p ]-

kn-≤w- ]-cp-Øn-Øp-Wn-Ø-c-ßƒ1779. cm-Py-k- mw-K-am-bn-cn-t° tI-c-f ap-Jy-a-

¥n-bm-b c-≠m-a-sØ hy-‡n-˛-F.sI.B‚-Wn

1780. c-≠mw ssP-\-a-X k-tΩ-f-\w \-S-∂ h¿-jw- F.Un.512

1781. \q¿-P-lm-s‚ ]-g-b-t]-cv- sa-l-dp-∂n-k1782. tkm-Wn-∏- v F-∂ ÿ-ew F-¥n-\m-Wp

]-kn-≤w- ssk-°nƒ1783. cm-Py-k-`mw-K-ß-fp-sS F-Æ--Øn¬ c-

≠mw ÿm-\w- a-lm--cm-jv-S (19)1784. tlm-an-\n-tU Ip-Spw-_-Øn-se hw-i-\m-

i- o-j-Wn t\-cn-Sm-Ø G-I Po-hn -a-\p-jy≥

1785. \q-dm-a-sØ km-ln-Xy s\m-t_¬ tP-Xm-hv- sP.Fw.Iq-‰v-tk

1786. G-‰-hpw h-en-b km¿-°v cm-Pyw- C-¥y1787. C-¥y-bn-se-G-‰-hpw ]m-bw Iq-Sn-b ]-

[m-\-a-¥n- sam-dm¿-Pn tZ-im-bn1788. _-ln-cm-Im-i-Øp-t]m-b B-Zy ap-…nw-

]n≥-kv kp-sse-am≥ A¬ a-kq-Zv1789. irw-tK-cn aTw ÿm-]n-®-Xv- i-¶-cm-Nm-cy¿1790. _¿-ap-U- G-Xv- cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d- B-in-X-

]-tZ-i-am-Wv- - -bp-ssW-‰-Uv- In-Mv-Uw-1791. C-¥y-bn-te-‰-hpw Ip-Sq-X¬ Im-∏n D¬-

]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂ kw-ÿm-\w- I¿-Wm-S-Iw1792. _¿-a-sb C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂p th¿-s]-Sp-

Øn-b \n-b-aw- 1935 -se K-h.Hm- v C-¥ym \n-b-aw

1793. cm-tI-jv i¿-a _-ln-cm-Im-i-Øp-t]m-bt]-S-Iw- tkm-bp-kv Sn- 11

1794. _-cm-a-Xn tÃ-Un-bw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛I-´-°v

1795. c-≠mw Pn-\≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv- B-cy-kp-[¿-a≥

1796. _m-“-W-ßƒ F-∂m¬- th-Z-hym-Jym-\-ßƒ

1797. _-Iv-km¿ bp-≤-Øn¬(1764) _n-´o-jp-Im¿ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- an¿ Im-knw

1798. _-ln-cm-Im-i hm-l-\w hn-t£-]n-® B-Zy-sØ G-jy≥ cm-Pyw- ssN-\

1799. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-® B-Zy-sØtI-c-f K-h¿-W¿- kn-°-µ¿ -‡v

1800. `m-c-X-Øn¬ ]-tXy-I \n-tbm-P-I a-Wv-U-e kw-hn-[m-\w \-S-∏n¬ h-cp-Øn-b \n-b-a-]-cn-jv-Im-cw- C-¥y≥ Iu -kn¬\n-b-aw-˛1909

1801. ]-©-km-c-bn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ aq-e-I-ßƒ- Im¿-_¨, ssl-U-P≥, Hm-Iv-kn-P≥

1802. ]m-thm In-Ãm-‰-kv G-Xp ]-£n-bp-sSim-kv-X-\m-a-am-Wv- a-bn¬

1803. Im-¥-i-‡n ssh-Zyp-X-i-‡n-bm-°n am-‰m-sa-∂p-I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xv- ssa-°¬ ^m-c-sU

1804. tJ-Xn J-\n-bn¬ \n-∂v e- n-°p-∂ tem-lw- -sN-ºv

1805. tlm-K-\-°¬ sh-≈-®m- w G-Xv \-Zn-bn-em-Wv- -Im-th-cn

1806. im-¥n-h≥- B-cp-sS k-am-[n-kv-Y-ew- s\-lv-dp-

1807. Im- n-se F-©n-\o-b¿- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂P-¥p- - -_o-h¿-

1808. ]m-Wn-\n G-Xp \n-e-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p ]-i-kv-X≥- kw-kv-Ir-X ssh-bm-I-c-W≥

1809. hr-°-I-fn-ep-≠m-Ip-∂ I-√v cm-k-]-c-am-bn F-¥m-Wv- Im¬-kyw Hm-Iv-k-te-‰v

1810. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b Xp-d-ap-Jw- I-dm-®n

1811. ]-g-»n-cm-Pm ayq-kn-bw F-hn-sS ÿn-XnsN-øp-∂p- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv

1812. ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ A-Wp-hn-kv-t^m-S-\w \-S-Øn-b ÿ-ew- N-Km-bv Ip-∂p-Iƒ

1813. `m-c-X-Øn¬ ap-Kƒ km-am-Py-Øn-s‚ D-Z-b-Øn-\v b-Ym¿-Y-Øn¬ Im-c-W-am-bbp-≤w- c-≠mw ]m-\n-∏- p-bp-≤w

1814. ]-g-»n-cm-Pm-hn-s‚ b-Ym¿-Y-t]-cv- tIm- -bw tI-c-f-h¿-a

1815. ]m-In-kv-Xm≥ F-∂ hm-°n-s‚ D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv- d-“-Øv A-en

1816. hr-°-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\w- s\-t^m-f-Pn1817. In-an-b≥ bp-≤w F-t∏m-gm-bn-cp-∂p-˛

1854˛561818. ]m-]-\m-iw kv-Iow G-Xv \-Zn-bn-em-Wv-

Xm-a-]¿-Wn1819. \o-‰p-I-°-bn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ ]-[m-

\ cm-k-h-kv-Xp- Im¬-kyw Hm-Iv-ssk-Uv1820. ]m-In-kv-Xm-s‚ B-Zy ]-[m-\-a-¥n- en-

bm-J-Øv A-en Jm≥1821. A-ta-cn-°-bn¬- B-Zy-am-bn- sk≥-k-kv-

\-S-∂- h¿-jw- 17901822. ]-£n-I-fp-sS cm-Pm-hv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv- ]-cp-¥v (Cu-Knƒ)1823. G-jy-bn-se G-‰-hpw ]-g-°-ap-≈ F-©n-

\o-b-dn-Mv tIm-tf-Pv ˛ dq¿-°n1824. ]m-In-kv-Xm-s‚ B-Zy K-h¿-W¿ P-\-d¬-

˛ ap-l-Ω-Z-en Pn-∂1825. a-te-dn-b-bv-°p Im-c-W-am-b kq-£v-a-Po-

hn- πm-kv-tam-Un-bw ssh-hm-Iv-kv (t]m-t´m-tkm-h)

1826. A-tem-∏-Xn-bp-sS ]n-Xm-hv- ln-t∏m-Im-‰-kv

1827. ]-©-io-e-X-X-Øz-ß-fn¬ H-∏n- -Xv- P-hm-l¿-em¬ s\-lp-hpw Nu F≥ em-bn-bpw

1828. tI-c-f-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ ]-X-am-b -cm-Py-k-am-Nm-cw- - tUm.- Kp-≠¿- v- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv- G-Xv h¿-j-Øn¬- F.Un.1847

1829. In-Ã- ¿ do-hv Po-h≥ \¬-In-b A-am-\p-j I-Ym-]m-Xw- kq-∏¿-am≥

1830. B-‘m-]-tZ-iv K-h¿-W-dm-b a-e-bm-fn-]- w Xm-Wp-]n-≈

1831. ]¿-h-Xm-tcm-l-I-\m-bn-cp-∂ F-Uv-a-≠vln-em-cn G-Xp cm-Py-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p-\yq-kn-e≥-Uv

1832. sk≥-S¬ a-ssd≥ ^n-j-do-kv dn-k-¿-®vC≥-Ãn-‰yq- v F-hn-sS--bm-Wv- sIm-®n

1833. ]m-Iv I-S-en-Sp-°v G-Xv k-ap-Z-Øn-em-Wv-˛-C-¥y≥-a-lm-k-ap-Zw

1834. sIm-®n tIm- -bv-°v t]m¿-®p-Ko-kp-Im¿\¬-In-b t]-cv- - am-\p-h¬ tIm-

1835. ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- (1952)- h-tUm-Z-c-bn-te-°v-am-‰n-b- sd-bn¬-th- Ãm-^v- tIm-tf-Pv-1930˛¬- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- ÿm-]n-®-Xv-˛-sU-dm-Uq-¨-

1836. G-Xp tem-l-Øn-em-Wv ap-l-Ω-Zv _n≥Xp-•-°v tSm-°¨ I-d≥-kn \-S-∏m-°n-b-Xv- sN-ºv

1837. sk≥-S¬ C≥-Ãn-‰yq- v Hm- v n-j-do-kvsS-Iv-t\m-f-Pn F-hn-sS ÿn-Xn sN-øp-∂p-˛ sIm-®n

1838. A-ta-cn-°≥ sF-Iy-\m-Sp-I-fp-sS tZ-io-b-Km-\w- Ãm¿ kv-]mw-Knƒ-Uv _m-\¿

1839. G-Xp tem-l-Øn-s‚ A-bn-cm-Wv kn-∂m-_m¿- sa¿-°p-dn -

1840. io-]-fl-\m- -kzm-an-t£-X-Øn-se B-cm-[-\m-aq¿-Øn- a-lm-hn-jv-Wp

1841. G-Xp tem-l-Øn-s‚ A-bn-cm-Wv t_m-Iv-ssk-‰v ˛ A-ep-an-\n-bw

1842. _n-´o-jv C-¥y-bn-se A-h-km-\-sØssh-tkm-bn- au-≠v-_m-‰¨ ]- p

1843. sk≥-S¬ e-X¿ dn-k¿-®v C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v

F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- sN-ss∂1844. _n- o-jv F-º-b¿ sK-bnw-kv F-∂-dn-b-

s∏- n-cp-∂ Im-bn-I hn-t\m-Z-Øn-s‚ C-t∏m-g-sØ t]-cv- tIm-a -sh¬-Øv sK-bnw-kv

1845. G-Xp-\-Zn-bp-sS t]m-j-I-\-Zn-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-am-Wv ]-©m-_n-\v t]-cp e- n-®-Xv- -kn-‘p

1846. sk≥-S¬ em-Iv dn-k¿-®v C≥-Ãn-‰yq- v F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- dm-©n

1847. G-Xp-h¿-am-Wv -kw-t£-]-th-Zm¿-Yw -]-kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- 1772

1848. In-kv-Xp-a-X-sØ t]m-’m-ln-∏n-® B-Zy N-I-h¿-Øn ˛ tIm -Ã-ss‚≥

1849. G-Xp-hw-i-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p -_m-_¿- Nm-K-Øm-bv Xp¿-°v

1850. sk≥-S¬ ssa-\n-Mv dn-k¿-®v tÃ-j≥F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- [≥-_m-Zv

1851. G-Xp tcm-Kw \n¿-W-bn-°m-\m-Wv F-en-k sS-Ãv \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- F-bv-Uv-kv

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 19

1852. \-h-km-c-Øn-s‚ cm-k-\m-aw- A-tam-Wn-bw Iv-tfm-ssd-Uv

1853. G-Xp-cm-Py-Øn-s‚ hn-am-\ k¿-ho-km-WvK-cp-U- C-s¥m-\o-jy

1854. \-hm-K-X kn-\n-am-kw-hn-[m-b-I¿-°p-≈\m-j-W¬ A-hm¿-Uv- C-µn-cm-Km-‘n A-hm¿-Uv

1855. Ko-kn-s‚ I-Æv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛G-Y≥-kv

1856. `q-an-bp-sS G-‰-hpw km-µ-X-tb-dn-b `m-Kw- A-I-°m-ºv (tIm¿)

1857. G-Xp tem-l-Øn-s‚ A-bn-cm-Wv K-eo-\˛ se-Uv

1858. K-Ÿ-∏p-c-bp-sS tIm-Wn-∏-Sn-bn¬-\n-∂pho-Wp-a-cn-® ap-Kƒ N-I-h¿-Øn- lp-a-bq¨

1859. io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s≥-d P-∑-kv-Y-ew-sN-º-g-¥n-

1860. B-Km-\-K-cw- kv-Ym-]n-®-Xv ˛-kn-°-µ¿-tem-[n-

1861. l-kz-Zr-jv-Sn-°v ]-cn-lm-c-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ se≥-kv- tIm -tI-hv

1862. G-Xp-h¿-j-am-Wv Km-‘n-Pn c-£m-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn A-Jn-te-¥ym Km-ao-W hy-h-km-b kw-L-S-\ B-cw- n-®-Xv- 1934

1863. l-kz-Zr-jv-Sn-bp-sS ssh-Zy-im-kv-X-]-c-am-b t]-cv- a-tbm-∏n-b

1864. B-‘m ]-tZ-in-s‚ in¬-]n F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- t]m-‰n io-cm-a-ep

1865. \-ho-I-c-W ]-ÿm-\-Øn-\p Xp-S-°-an- -Xv- am¿- n≥ eq-X¿

1866. \m-W-b-Øn¬ Nn-Xw ap-Z-Ww sN-ø-s∏-´ B-Zy C-¥y≥ ]-[m-\-a-¥n- P-hm-l¿-em¬ s\-lp

1867. ]-Xn-t\-gp-X-h-W C-¥y B-I-an-® ap-…nw-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn- a-l-aq-Zv K-kv-\n

1868. ]-›n-a L- -Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b a-e-ºm-X- ]m-e-°m-Sv Np-cw

1869. Ip-am-c-\m-im≥ kv-am-c-Iw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-

-tXm-∂-bv-°¬1870. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-®, tI-c-f-Øn-

se B-Zy -sØ \n -b -a -k-`mw -Kw -˛tUm.F.B¿. ta-t\m≥

1871. ]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-s‚ A-©m-a-sØ A-h-ÿ-˛ t_m-kv I-≠≥-tk-‰v

1872. -dm-°m _m-tc-Pv G-Xp \-Zn-bn-em-Wv-Kw-K

1873. ]p-cp-j≥-am-cn¬ ao-i h-f¿-Øp-∂ tlm¿-tam - sS-tÃm-sÃ-tdm¨

1874. Im-I-Xo-b hw-i-Øn-s≥-d X-e-kv-Ym-\-am-bn-cp-∂ \-K-cw- hm-d-ß¬-

1875. Im-kn¬ F-∂ ]-Z-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-I-fn- sN-kv

1876. ]p-cp-j-s\ h-‘o-I-cn-°p-∂ i-kv-X-In-b-bp-sS t]-cv- hm-k-Iv-S-an

1877. ]p-en-‰v-k¿ ]p-c-kv-Im-cw \¬-Ip-∂ A-ta-cn-°-bn-se k¿-h-I-em-im-e- sIm-fw-_n-b

1878. \yp-¢n-b¿ ^n-kv-Iv-kn-s‚ ]n-Xm-hv- G-W-Ãv dp-Y¿-t^m¿-Uv

1879. \o-e-hn-π-hw G-Xp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p- a-t’m¬-]m-Z-\w

1880. ]-cn-ÿn-Xn kw-_-‘n-® B-Zy-sØ sF-Iy-cm-jv-S D-®-tIm-Sn-°v th-Zn-bm-b-Xv-˛tÃm-°v-tlmw

1881. ]m¿-e-sa‚ v a-µn-c-Øn¬ ]-Xn-a ÿn-]n-

°-s∏-´ B-Zy I-ayp-Wn-Ãv t\-Xm-hv-˛F.sI.tKm-]m-e≥

1882. C-¥y-bn-se h-P-\-K-cw ˛ kq-d-Øv1883. C-¥y≥ ]-kn-U‚m-b aq-∂m-a-sØ ap-

…nw- -F.]n.sP. A-_v-Zpƒ I-emw1884. ]p-cn-bn-se P-K-∂m-Y t£-Xw ]-Wn-I-

gn-∏n-®-Xv-˛ B-\-µ-h¿-a≥ tNm-U-Kw-K(1076˛1148)

1885. ]p-cp-j-]p-c-Øn-s‚ C-t∏m-g-sØ t]-cv-s]-j-hm¿

1886. \m-kn-Iv G-Xp \-Zn-bp-sS Xo-c-Øm-Wv-tKm-Zm-h-cn

1887. C-¥y-bn-se Hm-l-cn hn-]-Wn \n-b-¥n-°p-∂ ÿm-]-\w- sk-_n

1888. \m-Sy-]-[m-\w \-K-cw Z-cn-Zw, \m- n≥-]p-dw \-∑-I-fm¬ k-ar-≤w F-∂ h-cn-Iƒc-Nn-®-Xv- Ip-‰n-∏p-d-Øp tI-i-h≥ \m-b¿

1889. C-¥y-bn-se hn-Zym- ym-k am-[y-aw Cw-Kv-fo-jv B-°m-\p-≈ in-]m¿-i sN-bv-X-Xv-˛ sa-°m-sf ]- p

1890. \m-W-b-\n¿-am-Xm-°-fp-sS cm-P-Ip-am-c≥F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv- ap-l-Ω-Zv _n≥ Xp-•-Iv

1891. \m-Sy-im-kv-Xw c-Nn-®-Xv- -c-X-ap-\n1892. B-‘m-]-tZ-iv kw-kv-Ym-\-sØ G-‰-hpw-

h-en-b ip-≤-P-e-X-Sm-Iw- - sIm-t√-cp-1893. ^m-kn-kw F-∂ ]-ÿm-\w B-cw- n-®

cm-Pyw- C-‰-en1894. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-® B-Zy A-ta-

cn-°≥ ]-kn-U‚ v- hn-eyw sl≥-dn lm-cn-k¨

1895. C-¥y-bn-se jn lp-hm-Mv Xn F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xv- N-µ-Kp-]v-X-au-cy≥

1896. ^m-ln-bm≥ C-¥y-bn-se-Øn-b Im-e-L-´w- F.Un.A-©mw \q-‰m-≠v

1897. ]-Ø-\w-Xn- Pn-√-bn¬ ]-kn-≤-am-b ln-µp-a-X-k-tΩ-f-\w \-S-°p-∂ ÿ-ew- sN-dp-tIm¬-∏p-g

1898. ]p-I-bn-e-s®-Sn-bp-sS G-Xv m-K-Øm-Wv \n-t°m- n≥ \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- C-e

1899. `q-an-bn-se ip-≤-P-e-Øn-s‚ 70 i-X-am-\-hpw sF-kv cq-]-Øn¬ Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂h≥-I-c- -A‚m¿- n-°

1900. ]-Xn-s\m-∂mw i-X-I-Øn¬ tkm-a\m-Y-t£-Xw B-I-an-® ap-…nw B-I-a-W-Im-cn- ap-l-Ω-Zv K-kv-\n

1901. B-¥-am≥ \n-t°m-_m¿ Zzo-]-k-aq-lwG-Xv ]¿-h-X-\n-c-bp-sS Xp-S¿-®-bm-Wv- A-c-°≥ tbm-a

1902. ^m-Z¿ Hm- v tkm-Um t]m-∏v F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv- tPm-k- v ]o-Ãv-en

1903. ]p-cp-j-kq-‡ G-Xp th-Z-Øn-s‚ `m-K-am-Wv- E-tKz-Zw

1904. H-∂n-e-[n-Iw cm-Py-ß-fp-sS ]-Y-a h-\n-X ]-Z-a-e-¶-cn-® G-I h-\n-X-bm-Wv tK-° am-tj¬. A-Xn¬ H-cp cm-Pyw sam-kmw-_n-°m-Wv. a-t‰ cm-Py-ta-Xv-˛-Z-£n-

Wm-^n-°1905. 874 Zn-h-kw sIm-≠v a-lm- m-c-Xw a-e-bm-

f-Øn-te-°v ]-cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- sIm-Sp-ß-√q¿ Ip-™n-°p- ≥ X-ºp-cm≥

1906. ]p-I-h-en B-tcm-Ky-Øn-\p lm-\n-I-cw F-∂v kn-K-c-‰p-I-h-dn¬ tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b B-Zy cm-Pyw- bp.F-kv.F.

1907. B-Zy-am-bn I-≠p-]n-Sn-® B‚n _-tbm-´n-Iv Hu-j-[w- s]-\n-sk-en≥

1908. ^m-cn-Zn-\v sj¿-jm F-∂ _n-cp-Zw \¬-In-b, _o-lm-dn-se -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn- _-l¿-Jm≥ tem-lm-\n

1909. ]p-cp-j≥-am¿ am-Xw ssI-Im-cyw sN-øp-∂ tI-c-fo-b hm-Zy-kw-Ko-Xw- tkm-]m-\-kw-Ko-Xw

1910. ^m¬-t° A-hm¿-Upw `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-hpwt\-Sn-b ]-Y-a hy-‡n- k-Xy-Pn-Xv td

1911. hn-j-ß-fp-sS cm-Pm-hv F-∂p hn-ti-jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- B-gv-sk-\n-Iv

1912. ]-fl-io t\-Sn-b B-Zy-sØ a-e-bm-fn Im-bn-I Xm-cw- ]n.Sn. D-j

1913. io-`-´m-c-I≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ N-´-ºn-kzm-an-Iƒ

1914. Xn-cp- -sIm-®n-bn¬ a-¥n-bm-b \-thm-∞m-\ \m-b-I≥- k-tlm-Z-c≥ A-ø-∏≥

1915. _mw-•q-cn-epw sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-epw ]T-\w\-S-Øm≥ Ip-am-c-\m-im-\v km-º-Øn-Ik-lm-bw \¬-In-b-Xv- tUm. ]¬-]p

1916. kzm-an hn-th-Im-\-µ-\v tI-c-f k-µ¿-i-\-th-f-bn¬ Nn-∑p-Z-sb-°p-dn-®v Xr-]v-Xn-I-c-am-b hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww- \¬-In-b-Xv- N- -ºn kzm-an-Iƒ

1917. io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s‚ A-h-km-\-sØk-\ym-k-in-jy≥- B-\-µ-Xo¿-Y kzm-an-Iƒ

1918. ]-tøm-fn F-Iv-kv-]-kv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]n.Sn.D-j

1919. ]-fl-io, ]-fl- q-j¨, ]-fl-hn- q-j¨,`m-c-X-c-Xv-\w F-∂n-h-t\-Sn-b B-Zy hy-

‡n- k-Xy-Pn-Xv td1920. ]n-∂n- v _w-•m-tZ-in-se-Øp-tºmƒ Kw-K

F-¥p-t]-cn-e-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p- ]-Zv-a1921. ]-tbm-dn-b _m-[n-°p-∂ A-h-b-hw-˛

tam-W1922. ]-p-cm-W-ß-fn¬- X-a-k- F-∂- t]-cn¬- A-

dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- \-Zn- -tSm -kv-1923. ]p-ssc-Sv-Nn X-sse-h¿ F-∂-dn-b-s∏- -Xv-

-Fw.Pn. cm-a-N-µ≥1924. B-¥-am≥ \n-t°m-_m¿ Zzo-]p-Iƒ ]n-Sn-

®-S-°n-b-t∏mƒ kp-`m-jv N-µ-t_m-kv\¬-In-b t]-cv- j-lo-Zv kz-cm-Pv Zzo-]p-Iƒ

1925. ]q-°-fp-sS Xm-gv-h-c G-Xp kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Uv

1926. in-em-en-Jn-X-ß-fn-eq-sS X-s‚ B-i-b-ßƒ P-\-ßƒ-°p ]-I¿-∂ B-Zy -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn- A-tim-I≥

1927. ]p-jv-]n-®m¬ hn-f-hp Ip-d-bp-∂ k-kyw-˛ I-cn-ºv

1928. In-fn-∏m- p-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv- F-gp-Ø-—≥

1929. ]q-® h¿-K-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-ep-∏w Iq-Sn-b kzm- m-hn-I Po-hn- ssk-_o-cn-b≥I-Sp-h

1930. cm-Py-k- mw-K-ß-sf Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv-˛ kw-ÿm-\ \n-b-a-k- mw-K-ßƒ

1931. ]q-°-fp-sS Xm-gv-h-c I-s≠-Øn-b Cw-•o-jv ]¿-h-Xm-tcm-l-I≥- ^m-¶v kv-an-Øv

1932. cm-Py-k- mw-K-am-b B-Zy tI-c-fo-b h-\n-

X- `m-c-Xn D-Z-b- m-\p1933. ]m¿-e-sa‚ v a-µn-cw cq-]-I-ev-]-\ sNbvX-

Xv- sl¿-_¿- v t_-°¿1934. Cw-•o-jv Cu-Ãn-¥ym-°-º-\n C-¥y-bn¬

B-Zy-sØ ^m-Iv-S-dn B-cw- n-® ÿ-ew-kq-d-Øv

1935. ]q-\ sK-bnw-kv F-∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂ Im-bn-I hn-t\m-Zw- _m-Uv-an‚¨

1936. cm-Py-k- mw-K-am-bn-cn-s° ]-[m-a-¥n-bm-b B-Zy hy-‡n- C-µn-cm Km-‘n

1937. ^-e-ßƒ ]-gp-°m≥ k-lm-bn-°p-∂tlm¿-tam - F-Yn-en≥

1938. -Ãv ¢m-kv In-°-‰n¬ H-tcm-h-dn-se F-√m ]-¥pw kn-Iv-k-d-Sn-® C-¥y-°m-c≥-c-hn im-kv-Xn

1939. cm-Py-k- mw-K-am-bn-cn-s° tI-c-f ap-Jy-a-¥n-bm-b B-Zy hy-‡n- kn.A-Nyp-X ta-t\m≥

1940. `m-c-Xo-bm¿ k-am-[n F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛-]p-Xp-t®-cn

1941. ]q¿-h Nm-eq-Iy-cp-sS X-e-ÿm-\w-˛sh-ßn

1942. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ e-b -kv ¢-_v1956˛¬ ÿm-]n-X-am-b-sX-hn-sS- -apw-ss_

1943. hn-j-ap-≈ G-I k-kv-X-\w- B¨ πm-‰n-∏-kv

1944. ]-co-£-Wm¿-Yw tem-I-Øm-Zy-am-bn A-Wp-t_mw-_v s]m-´n-® cm-Pyw-˛ bp.F-kv.F.

1945. ]-cp-Øn G-Xp k-ky-Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬-s∏-Sp-∂p- am¬-th-ky

1946. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ d-∫¿ A-W-s°-v \n¿-an-® kw-ÿm-\w- -B-‘-]-tZ-iv

1947. ]m¿-e-sa‚ v F-∂m¬ tem-Iv-k- -bpw cm-Py-k- -bpw - - - - - Dw tN¿-∂-Xm-Wv- ]-kn-U‚ v

1948. ]-cp-Øn-Ir-jn-bv-°v G-‰-hpw A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b a-Æv- I-cn-a-Æv

1949. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ h-\n-Xm a-Pn-kv-tS-‰v- Hm-a-\--°p-™-Ω

1950. B-¥-am≥ Zzo-]p-I-tfm-Sv G-‰-hpw A-Sp-Øm-bn ÿn-Xn sN-øp-∂ cm-Pyw-˛aym≥-a¿

1951. ]-cp-jv-Wn F-∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv G-Xp\-Zn-bm-Wv- c-hn

1952. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ F-Iv-kv-]-kvssl-th G-Xp kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv- Kp-P-dm-Øv

1953. ]-d-°pw kn-Jv F-∂-dn-b-s∏Sp∂-Xv- an¬-°m-kn-Mv

1954. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ F-©n-\o-b-dn-MvtIm-tf-Pv- dq¿-°n (1847)

1955. \mw-cq-]v, N-µ-∏q¿ Xm-]-ssh-Zyp-X-\n-e-b-ßƒ G-Xv kw-ÿm-\-Øv- A-kw

1956. ]-tY¿ ]m-Rv-P-en F-∂ t\m-h¬ F-gp-Xn-b-Xv- hn- q-Xn- q-j¨ _-tµm-]m-[ym-b

1957. bq-tÃ-jy≥ Syq-_v G-sX-√mw i-co-c- m-K-ß-sf X-Ωn¬ _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂p- sN-hn-bpw sXm-≠-bpw

1958. ]o-c-¶n B-Zy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-® cm-Pyw-ssN-\

1959. \m-Zn¿-jm-bpw ap-K-f-cpw X-Ωn¬ bp-≤w\-S-∂ ÿ-ew- I¿-Wm¬

1960. ]q-t°m-Sv- X-Sm-Iw- G-Xv- Pn-√-bn¬- h-b-\m-Sv-

1961. tI-µ- -c-W ]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se se-Pn-kv-tf-‰o-hv A-kw-ªn-I-fn¬ G-‰-hpw ]-g-°-ap-≈-Xv- -]p-Xp-t®-cn

1962. C-¥y-bn¬ ^-©p kw-kv-Im-cw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ ]-tZ-iw- -]p-Xp-t®-cn

1963. bq-Wn-t\m¿ G-Xv cm-Py-sØ sk¬-t^m¨ k¿-ho-kv s]m-ssh-U¿ I-º-\n-bm-Wv-˛-t\m¿-th

1964. ]p-©, ap-≠-I≥,hn-cn-∏v F-∂n-h G-Xn-s‚ Ir-jn-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-˛ s\-√v

tI-c-f Im-fn-Zm-k≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv tI-c-f-h¿-a h-en-b tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-\m-Wv. ssI-kv-X-h Im-fn-Zm-k≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv I-´-°-bw sN-dn-bm≥ am-∏n-f-bm-Wv.Ip-am-c-\m-im≥ P-\n-®-Xv Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw Pn-√-bn¬ Im-bn-°-c-bn¬. t_m-´p-ap-ßn a-cn-®-Xv B-e-∏p-g Pn-√-bn¬ ]-√-\-bm-‰n¬ (Ip-am-c-tIm-Sn).C-¥y-bn¬ tem-Iv-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ thm-´p sN-bv-X (1998) B-Zy ]-kn-U‚ v sI.B¿.\m-cm-b-W-\m-Wv. F.]n.sP.A-_v-Zpƒ I-em-am-Wv A-kw-ªnXn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ thm-´p sN-bv-X B-Zy ]-kn-U‚ v.

CONFUSING FACTS


National Movement in India

1965. Ip-am-c-\m-im≥ t_m-´-]-I-S-Øn¬ a-cn-® ÿ-ew-˛-Ip-am-c-tIm-Sn

1966. ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-se K-h¨-sa‚ v sk-I-t´-dn-b-‰v a-µn-c-Øn-s‚ t]-cv-˛ ssd-t‰-gv-kv _n¬-Un-Mv

1967. _p-≤≥ Nn-cn-°p-∂p F-∂ t]-cp \¬-In C-¥y B-W-h ]-co-£-Ww \-S-Øn-b kw-ÿm-\w-˛ cm-P-ÿm≥

1968. ]q¿-h-ao-amw-k-bp-sS D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv-˛ P-an-\n

1969. `m-c-X-Øn-s‚ 1 cq-] ap-X¬ 10 cq-] h-sc-bp-≈ t\m-´p-Iƒ A-®-Sn-°p-∂-sX-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ \m-kn-Iv

1970. ^m¬-t° A-hm¿-Upw `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-hpwt\-Sn-b G-I h-\n-X-˛ e-Xm-a-t¶-jv-I¿

1971. ]m-Wv-Uy≥-am-cp-sS X-e-kv-Ym-\-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv-˛-a-[p-c

1972. Km≥-Uv-…mw G-Xp I-fn-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ ]-Z-am-Wv-˛ _n-Uv-Pv

1973. `q-a-[y-tc-J-sb c-≠p X-h-W ap-dn-s®m-gp-Ip-∂ \-Zn-˛ tImw-tKm

1974. ]m-Xn-cm-a-W¬ Zzo-]v G-Xp Im-b-en-em-Wv ˛ th-º-\m-Sv

1975. ]m-›m-Xy ¢m-kn-°¬ kw-Ko-X-Øn-seXn-aq¿-Øn-Iƒ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛sam-km¿-´v, _o-tYm-h≥, _m-Jv

1976. C-¥y≥ kzm-X-¥y k-a-c-Øn-s‚ \m-bn-I cm-[m-tZ-hn B-cp-sS `m-cy-bm-bn-cp-∂p-˛ em-em e-Pv-]-Xv-dm-bn

1977. ]n.hn.kn.I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xv-˛ sl≥-dn hn-Iv-S¿ sd-Pn-t\mƒ-Uv (1838)

1978. C-¥y≥ l-cn-X-hn-π-hw \-S-∂ k-a-b-ØvtI-µ-Ir-jn-a-¥n-˛ kn.kp-_-a-Wyw

1979. \n-b-a-k- mw-K-ß-fp-sS F-Æw G-‰-hpw Ip-d-hp-≈ -c-W-L-S-Iw- t]m-≠n-t®-cn (30)

1980. ]-cn-Wm-a-Øn-s‚ ]-co-£-W-im-e F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ Km-e-∏m-tKm-kv Zzo-]v

1981. ]q¿-hm¿-[-tKm-f-Øn-se G-‰-hpw hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww Iq-Sn-b cm-Pyw-˛ d-jy

1982. ssX-°m-Sv A-ø-sb sIm-´m-c-Øn-te-°v£-Wn-®p-h-cp-Øn-b Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cm-Pm-hv-˛ kzm-Xn Xn-cp-\mƒ

1983. Ip-am-c-\m-im≥ P-\n-® h¿-jw-˛ 18731984. B-\-µ-a-Xw ÿm-]n-®-Xv- _-“m-\-µ-in-

h-tbm-Kn1985. 1947˛-se ap-Xp-Ip-fw ]-kw-K-hp-am-bn _-

‘-s∏-´ \-thm-∞m-\ \m-b-I≥-˛ a-∂-Øv ]-Zv-a-\m-`≥

1986. _p-≤≥ P-\n-® I-]n-e-h-kv-Xp C-t∏mƒG-Xp cm-Py-Øm-Wv-˛ t\-∏mƒ

1987. ]-›n-am¿-[-tKm-f-Øn-se G-‰-hpw hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww Iq-Sn-b cm-Pyw-˛ Im-\-U

1988. Km≥-Uv-S-¶v tdm-Uv G-sX-√mw ÿ-e-ß-sf X-Ωn¬ _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ tkm-\m¿- K-thm¨ (sIm¬-°-Ø),s]-j-hm¿

1989. GXv cmPysØ hml-\-\n¿ΩmW Iº-\n-bmWv HuUn ˛ P¿Ω\n

1990. A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- P-\-k-w-Jy-bp-sS- `q-cn-`m-K-hpw- F-hn-sS-\n-∂pw- h-∂-h-cm-Wv-˛

tK-‰v- _-n-´¨-1991. In-kv-a-kv Un-ko-kv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv-˛ lo-tam-ô-en-b1992. ]yq-\n-Iv bp-≤-ß-fn¬ G-‰p-ap-ń-b-Xv-˛

tdm-apw Im¿-tØ-Ppw1993. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-® B-Zy ]-

[m-\-a-¥n-˛-P-hm-l¿-em¬ s\-lp1994. Ip-cp-t£-X-bp-≤-`q-an G-Xp kw-ÿm-\-

Øv-˛ l-cn-bm-\1995. C-¥y≥ F-b¿-t^m-gv-kn¬ _m-kv F-

∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ bp-≤-hn-am-\w-˛ an-Kv 291996. _p-≤-a-X tI-µ-am-b km-©n G-Xv kw-

ÿm-\-Øm-Wv-˛ a-[y-]-tZ-iv1997. Ip-dn-Ny¿ k-a-cw \-S-∂ h¿-jw-˛ 18121998. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-®, tI-c-f-Øn-

se B-Zy-sØ a-¥n-˛ hn.sI.th-e-∏≥1999. C-¥y-bn¬ G-‰-hpw X-Wp-∏p-Iq-Sn-b kw-

ÿm-\w-˛ P-Ωp I-iv-ao¿2000. ]-›n-am¿-[-tKm-f-Øn-se G-‰-hpw D-b-

cw Iq-Sn-b sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-˛ A-Izm≥-Im-Kz2001. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b bm-Xm-

hn-am-\w-˛ F 3802002. ]-S-hm-fn-s\-°mƒ i-‡n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv Xq-

en-I F-∂p sX-fn-bn-® hn-π-hw-˛ ^-©p-hn-π-hw

2003. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ h-\n-Xm k¿-h-I -em -im -e -bm -b ]q -s\ -bn -se F-kv.F≥.Un.‰n. k¿-h-I-em-im-e ÿm-]n-®-Xv-˛ Un.sI.Im¿-sh

2004. ]q¿-h Nm-eq-Iy-hw-iw ÿm-]n-®-Xv-˛ Ip-_v-P-hn-jv-Wp h¿-[≥

2005. C -¥y -bn -se B-Zy -sØ h-\n -XmUn.Pn.]n.˛ Im-©≥ -´m-Nm-cy (D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Uv)

2006. G-‰-hpw Ip-d-®p Im-ew kn-Jv Kp-cp-hm-bn-cp-∂-Xv-˛ l¿ In-j≥(1661˛1664)

2007. ]u-\m-dn-se k-∂ym-kn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ B-Nm-cy hn-t\m-_ `m-sh

2008. D-]-Zzo-]o-b C-¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw \o-fwIq-Sn-b \-Zn-˛ tKm-Zm-h-cn

2009. d-_¿- dn-k¿-®v- C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq-´v- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ tIm-´-bw-

2010. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ h-\n-Xm s]m-eo-kv tÃ-j≥-˛ tIm-gn-t°m-Sv

2011. ]-X-bp-≈ tkm-^v-‰v Un-¶p-I-fn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv-˛ Im¿-t_m-Wn-Iv B-kn-Uv

2012. G-Xv cm-Py-Øn-s‚ tZ-io-b Im-bn-I hn-t\m-Z-am-Wv _-kv-Im-jn-˛-A-^v-Km-\n-kv-Xm≥

2013. ]q¿-W-am-bpw C-¥y-bn¬ \n¿-an-® B-Zy-sØ bm-Xm-hn-am-\w-˛ k-c-kv

2014. D-]-Zzo-]p-I-fp-sS D-]-Zzo-]v F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ `q-J-Wv-Uw-˛ bq-tdm-∏v

2015. ]-X-dm-sX ap-t∂m-´v B-cp-sS B-fl-I-Y-bm-Wv-˛ sI.I-cp-Wm-I-c≥

2016. C-t°m-sem-t°-j≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-®v ]-d-°p-∂ Po-hn ˛-h-∆m¬

2017. G-‰-hpw I-ń-Iq-Sn-b tXm-Sp-≈ ap-´-bn-Sp-∂ ]-£n-˛-H-´-I-∏-£n

2018. Cw-•o-jv Cu-Ãn-¥ym-°-º-\n Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ ^m-Iv-S-dn B-cw-`n-® ÿ-ew-˛ a-kq-en-]-´-Ww

2019. B-‘-]n-Xm-a-l≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛Ir-jv-W-tZ-h-cm-b¿

2020. c-≠mw tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-°m-e-Øv t]ƒlm¿-_¿ B-I-an-® cm-Pyw-˛ P-∏m≥

2021. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ P-e-ayq-kn-bw-˛Ip-∂-aw-K-ew

2022. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ Hm-W-d-dn tUm-Iv-S-td-‰p-Iƒ e-`n-® C-¥y≥ ]-kn-U‚ v ˛-F.]n.sP. A-_v-Zpƒ I-emw

2023. G-Xv ap-Kƒ N-I-h¿-Øn-bm-Wv U-°m¨ Io-g-S-°p-∂-Xn¬ B-Zyw i-≤sN-ep-Øn-b-Xv-˛ A-Iv-_¿

2024. ]-Xm-I-bn¬ `q-]-Sw B-te-J-\w sN-bv-Xn-´p-≈ cm-Py-ßƒ-˛ ssk-]-kv, sIm-tkm-thm

2025. ]p-cm-X-\ \-K-c-am-b tSm-bv-bp-sS A-h-in-jv-S-ßƒ G-Xp cm-Py-Øm-Wv-˛ Xp¿-°n

2026. I-hn-I-fp-sS ]n-Xm-hv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ tlm-a¿

2027. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b c-≠m-a-sØ Zzo-]-k-aq-lw-˛ ^n-en-ss∏≥-kv

2028. _n-ó-jn-¥y-bp-sS th-\¬-°m-e X-e-ÿm-\-am-bn-cp-∂ \-K-cw-˛ jnw-e

2029. B-∏n-fn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ B-kn-Uv-˛ am-en-Iv B-kn-Uv

2030. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-I-kn-X cm-jv-S-ßƒ D-≈ h≥-I-c-˛ bq-tdm-∏v

2031. _n-ó-jp-Im¿- ]m-en-b-Ø-®-s\ sIm-®n-bn¬-\n-∂v- \m-Sp-I-S-Øn-b-Xv- G-Xv h¿-j-Øn¬-˛ F.Un.1809

2032. G-‰-hpw h-S-°m-bn ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂ X-e-ÿm-\-ap-≈ bq-tdm-]y≥ cm-Pyw-˛-t\m¿-th

2033. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww Iq-Sn-b cm-Py-hpw hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww Ip-d-™cm-Py-hpw ÿn-Xn sN-øp-∂ h≥-I-c- bq-tdm-∏v

2034. ]n-®-f(_m-kv)bn-se L-S-I-tem-l-ßƒ-˛ sN-ºv, \m-Iw

2035. G-‰-hpw I-\-Ø t_mw-_n-Mn-\v hn-t[-b-am-bn-´p-≈ cm-Pyw-˛ em-thm-kv

2036. ]m-eq-´p-∂ ]-£n F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛]m-hv

2037. C-¥y≥ s]m-fn-‰n-In-kn-s‚-bpw C-°-tWm-an-Iv-kn-s‚-bpw ]n-Xm-hv-˛ Zm-Zm-`m-bv \-h-tdm-Pn

2038. G-‰-hpw hym-h-km-bn-I-am-bn ]p-tcm-K-Xn]m-]n-® B-^n-°≥ cm-Pyw-˛ Z-£n-Wm-^n-°

2039. C-¥y≥ s^-U-d¬ kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s‚kw-c-£-I≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ kp-]ow tIm-S-Xn

2040. ]m-›m-Xy kw-Ko-tXm-]-I-c-W-ß-fp-sSdm-Wn F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ h-b-en≥

2041. ]n.hn.kn.I-Øp-∂-Xn-s‚ ^-e-am-bn D-≠m-Ip-∂ hn-j-hm-X-Iw- U-tbm-Iv-kn≥

2042. B-¥-am-t\-bpw \n-t°m-_m-dn-t\-bpwth¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂ I-S-en-Sp-°v-˛ sS≥ Un-Kn Nm-\¬

2043. C-¥y≥ ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-im-kv-X-hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚ in-ev-]n F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛]n.kn.a-l-e-t\m-_n-kv

2044. `m-c-X-∏p-g-bp-sS D¬-`-h-ÿm-\w-˛ B-\-a-e

2045. ]n.sI._m-e-Ir-jv-W-s‚ C-\n Rm≥ D-d-ß-s´- F-∂ t\m-h-en-se ]-[m-\-I-Ym-]m-Xw-˛ I¿-W≥

2046. _p-≤-s‚ tX-cm-fn-˛ N-∂2047. \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k- -bp-≈ tI-µ- -c-W-]-

tZ-i-ßƒ-˛ U¬-ln (70), ]pXpt®-cn(30)

2048. C-¥y-bn¬ ]-kn-U‚p-`-c-Ww \n-e-hn¬-h-∂ B-Zy kw-ÿm-\w-˛ ]-©m-_v

2049. C-t¥m-˛-t\m¿-ho-Pn-b≥ ^n-j-do-kv I-Ωyp-Wn-‰n-t]m-P-Iv-Sv \-S-∏m-°n-b ÿ-ew-˛ \o-≠-I-c

2050. ]q-Pyw B-Zy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-® cm-Pyw-˛ C-¥y

2051. C-¥y-bn¬ ]-`m-X kq-cy-s‚ In-c-W-ßƒ B-Zyw ]-Xn-°p-∂ kw-ÿm-\w-˛A-cp-Wm-N¬ ]-tZ-iv

2052. \n-b-a-]T-\-Øn-\p-ti-jw Km-‘n-Pn C-¥y-bn¬ ]m-Iv-So-kv \-S-Øn-b ÿ-e-ßƒ-˛ t_mw-s_-bn-epw cm-Pv-tIm-ń-epw

2053. ]n.sP.B‚-Wn an-I-® \-S-\p-≈ tZ-io-b A-hm¿-Uv t\-Sn-b h¿-jw-˛ 1973

2054. ]-Xn-aq-∂mw i-X-I-Øn¬ tI-c-fw k-µ¿-in-® am¿-t°m t]m-tfm G-Xp cm-Py-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p-˛ C-‰-en

2055. ]p-en-‰v-k¿ ]p-c-kv-Im-cw t\-Sn-b B-ZyC-¥y-°m-cn-˛ Ppw-_m em-ln-cn

2056. bq-tdm-∏n-se I-iv-ao¿ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂cm-Pyw-˛ kzn-‰v-k¿-e≥-Uv

2057. C-¥y-bn¬- m-jm-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Øn¬- cq-]w-sIm-≠ B-Zy- kw-kv-Ym-\w- ˛ B-\v-[(1953 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 1)-

2058. ]p-fn-bn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ B-kn-Uv-˛ Sm¿-Sm-dn-Iv B-kn-Uv

2059. ]p-I-bn-e-bn-se hn-jmw-iw- \n-t°m- n≥-2060. cm-jv-S-]-Xn \n-hm-kv F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛

ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv2061. ]o-®n-˛-hm-gm-\n A-W-s°-´v G-Xp Pn-√-

bn¬-˛ Xr-»q¿2062. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ßƒ-°v

t]-‰‚ v t\-Sn-b-Xv-˛ tXm-a-kv B¬-hmF-Un-k¨

2063. _n.-kn.Pn. hm-Iv-kn≥ G-Xp tcm-K-sØ-bm-Wv ]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ £-bw

2064. Km≥-Uv Im-\y≥ G-Xv h≥-I-c-bn-em-Wv-˛-h-S-t° A-ta-cn-°

2065. _n-µp-km-c-s‚ ]n≥-Km-an-˛ A-tim-I≥2066. ]-Xn-s\- -c-°-hn-Iƒ B-cp-sS k-Z- n-s\-

bm-Wv A-e-¶-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv-˛ am-\-hn-I-a-tZ-h≥

2067. ]p-cm-W-ß-fp-sS F-Æw-˛ 182068. io-]-Zv-a-\m- -kzm-an t£-Xw F-hn-sS-bm-

Wv-˛ Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw2069. ]q¿-W-am-bpw hn-Zym-`ym-km-h-iy-Øn-\m-

bn C-¥y hn-t£-]n-® B-Zy D-]-K-lw-˛ F-Uyp-km-‰v

2070. cm-jv-S-]-Xn `-h-s‚ ]-g-b t]-cv-˛ ssh-kv-do-K¬ ]m-e-kv

2071. ]q¿-W-am-bpw Z-£n-Wm-^n-°-bm¬ Np-‰-s∏-´ cm-Pyw-˛ sem-tkm-tØm

2072. C-t¥m-˛-_m-Iv-Sn-b≥ cm-Pm-°≥-am-cn¬G-‰-hpw ]-kn-≤≥-˛ sa-\m≥-U¿

2073. ]q-Pyw D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-Ø H-cp kw-Jym-k-º-Zm-bw ˛ tdm-a≥ kw-Jy

2074. I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-ß-fp-sS cm-Pm-hv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´ im-kv-X-⁄≥-˛ F-Un-k¨

2075. ip-I-s‚ A-¥-co-£-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ hm-X-Iw-˛ Im¿-_¨ U-tbm-Iv-ssk-Uv

2076. ]p-∂-]-˛-h-b-em¿ k-a-cw \-S-∂ h¿-jw-˛ 1946

2077. ]n.Sn.D-j tIm-®n-Mv sk‚¿ F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw

2078. io-e-¶-bp-sS Hu-tZym-Kn-I Sn.hn.Nm-\¬-˛ cq-]-hm-ln-\n

2079. ]r-Yzn F-¥p X-cw an-ssk-em-Wv-˛ I-c-bn¬-\n-∂pw I-c-bn-te-°p-≈-Xv

2080. ]n-Ø-c-kw F-hn-sS kw-`-cn-°p-∂p-˛ ]n-Øm-i-b-Øn¬ (Kmƒ ªm-U¿)

2081. ]-sØm≥-]-Xmw \q-‰m-≠n¬ X-an-gv-\m-ń¬ P-\n-® hn-Jym-X K-Wn-X im-kv-X-⁄≥-˛ cm-am-\p-P≥

2082. A-¥-co-£-Øn-se G-Xp ]m-fn-bn-em-WvHm-tkm¨ D-≈-Xv-˛ kv-Sm-t‰m-kv-^n-b¿

2083. \m-W-b-Øp-´p-I-fn-√m-Ø- sX-t°- A-ta-cn-°≥- cm-Pyw- -˛-]-cm-tKz-

2084. Km≥-Uv S-¶v tdm-Uv \n¿-an-®-Xv- sj¿-j

tNmZy-ßƒ ]eXv DØcw 7ip-≤-P-e-Øn-s‚ ]n-F-®v aq-eywlm≥-Uv _mƒ So-an¬ F-X I-fn-°m-cp-≠m-IpwXp-S¿-®-bm-bn G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ _-Uv-P-‰p-Iƒ A-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈ tI-µ[-\-a-¥n kn.Un.tZ-iv-ap-Jm-Wv. A-t±-lw A-]-Im-cw F-X _-Uv-P-‰p-IƒA-h-X-cn-∏n-®n- p-≠vI-_-Un So-an-se I-fn-°m-cp-sS F-ÆwtUm.Aw-t_-Zv-I¿ A-[y-£-\m-bn cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏- -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS Um-^v-‰nw-Kv I-Ωn-‰n-bn¬ B-sI F-X Aw-K-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂pkm¿-°v F-∂ kw-L-S-\-bp-sS ÿm-]-I Aw-K-_-ew F-X-bm-bn-cp-∂pkz-X-¥ C-¥y-bn-se F-Xm-a-sØ sk≥-k-km-Wv 2011˛¬ \-S-∂-XvsF-Iy-cm-jv-S-k- -bp-sS F-Xm-a-sØ sk-I- -dn P-\-d-em-Wv tIm- n A-∂m≥G-Xv \q-‰m-≠n-em-bn-cp-∂p lyp-bm≥ km-Mn-s‚ C-¥ym k-µ¿-i-\wKn-tKm-dn-b≥ I-e-≠-dn-se G-Xv \q-‰m-≠n-em-Wv ln-Pv-d I-e-≠¿ B-cw- n-®-XvB-h¿-Ø-\ ]-ń-I-bn¬ F-X ]o-cn-b-Up-I-fp-≠v1928˛¬ C-¥y k-µ¿-in-® ssk-a¨ I-Ωn-j-\n¬ F-X Aw-K-ß-fm-Wp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-XvNm-W-Iy-s‚ kn-≤m-¥-]-Im-cw cm-Py-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ L-S-I-ßƒ (Aw-K-ßƒ) F-X-sb-Æ-am-WvF-Xm-a-sØ B-W-h-i-‡n-bm-Wv ]m-In-kv-Xm≥apw-ss_-bn-se ]-[m-\-Zzo-]p-Iƒ F-Xt]-jzm hw-i-Øn¬ B-sI -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ F-X t]¿

tZ-io-b-Km-\-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw ]-g-°-ap-≈ hm-°p-Iƒ D-≈ cm-Pyw P-∏m-\m-Wv. G-‰-hpw ]-g-°-ap-≈ ayq-kn-Iv D-≈ tZ-io-b-Km-\w s\-X¿-e≥-Uv-kn-s‚-Xm-Wv.ap-¥n-cn-bp-sS \-K-cw \m-kn-Iv. Hm-d-©p-I-fp-sS \-K-cw \m-Kv-]q¿.h-∆m-en-s\-t∏m-se, F-t°m-sem-t°-j≥ X-Øzw ]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ k-ap-Z k-kv-X-\-ß-fm-WvXn-anw-Kn-e-hpw tUmƒ-^n-\pw.Xn-anw-Kn-e-sØ-t∏m-se, i-co-c-Øn¬ ª-∫¿ F-∂ sIm-gp-∏p-]m-fn-bp-≈ Po-hn-bm-Wv [p-h-°-c-Sn.

CONFUSING FACTS

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 21

2085. B-‘-kw-kv-Ym-\-sØ G-‰-hpw- \o-fw-Iq-Sn-b \-Zn-˛- tKm-Zm-h-cn-

2086. ]p-cm-W-ß-fn¬- Im-fn-µn- F-∂- t]-cn¬-]-cm-ar-jv-S-am-bn-´p-≈- \-Zn- ˛-b-ap-\-

2087. C-¥y-bn¬ C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v Hm-^v t^m-d-Ãvam-t\-Pv-sa‚ v F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ t`m-∏m¬

2088. A-k-an-s‚ ¢m-kn-°¬ \r-Ø-cq-]w-˛km-Xn-b

2089. am-¶p-fw hn-jv-Wp-\-ºq-Xn-cn G-Xv I-em-cq-]-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-˛ I-Y-I-fn

2090. C-¥y-bn¬ C-‡m k-º-Zm-b-Øn-s\km-º-Zm-bn-I-co-Xn-bn-em-°n-b-Xv- Ip-Ø-_v-±o≥ sF-_-Iv

2091. tI-µ tXm-´-hn-f K-th-j-W-tI-µw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛-]m-tem-Sv

2092. am-\-hn-I hn-I-k-\ kq-Nn-I cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv-˛ sa-l-_q-_v D¬ l-°v

2093. j-lo-Zv C A-kw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ `-K-Xv kn-Mv

2094. _p-≤≥ F-∂ hm-°n-\¿-Yw-˛ P-Rm-\wkn-≤n-®-bmƒ

2095. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-s° A-¥-cn-® B-Zy-sØtem-Iv-k- m kv-]o-°¿- Pn.hn.am-hv-e-¶¿

2096. `q-an-bp-sS Kp-cp-Xzm-I¿-j-W-Øn-s‚ F-X a-S-ßm-Wv N-µ-s‚-Xv-˛ B-dn-sem-∂v

2097. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ _-tbm Uo-k¬πm‚ v ÿm-]n-X-am-b kw-ÿm-\w-˛ B-‘-]-tZ-iv

2098. `m-c-X tI-k-cn F-∂p hn-fn-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛a-∂-Øp ]-Zv-a-\m-`≥

2099. ]p-©n-cn-bp-sS \m-Sv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ Xm-bv-e≥-Uv

2100. ]-ªn-Iv A-°u-≠v-kv I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS sN-b¿-am-\m-bn km-[m-c-W \n-b-an-X-\m-Ip-∂-Xv-˛ ]-Xn-]-£-t\-Xm-hv

2101. ]-ªn-Iv k¿-ho-kv hn-`m-K-Øn¬ a-Kv-k-tk A-hm¿-Uv C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂pw B-Zy-am-bn t\-Sn-b-Xv-˛ P-b-]-Im-iv \m-cm-b¨ (1965)

2102. ]p-∂-]- -h-b-em¿ k-a-c-Øn-\p Im-c-Ww-˛ A-ta-cn-°≥ tam-U¬ -c-W-]-cn-jv-Im-cw

2103. ]-£n-∏-\n-bv-°p Im-c-W-am-b A-Wp-Po-hn-˛ ssh-d-kv

2104. G-‰-hpw- h-en-b I-S¬-∏-£n- ˛-B¬-_-tSm-kv-

2105. C-¥y-bn¬ Cu-Ãn-¥ym-°-º-\n-bp-sS -c-Ww \n¿-Ø-em-°n-b \n-b-aw-˛ 1858˛-se \n-b-aw

2106. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b D-`-b-Po-hn-˛ P-∏m-\o-kv P-b‚ v km-e-am≥-U¿

2107. _n-ó-jp-Im¿ a-Zm-kn¬ ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®tIm-´-˛ sk‚ v tPm¿-Pv tIm-´

2108. ap-Ip-µ-am-e c-Nn-®-Xv-˛ Ip-e-ti-J-c B-gv-hm¿

2109. Km-ss\-‰v \-K-cw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛A-_¿-Uo≥

2110. C-¥y hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø ss]-e-‰n-√m-Ø sN-dp-hn-am-\w-˛ t\-X

2111. B-e-∏p-g Xp-d-ap-Jw hn-I-kn-∏n-® Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ Zn-hm≥-˛ cm-Pm tI-i-h-Zm-kv

2112. ]m-en-s‚-bpw tX-\n-s‚-bpw tZ-iw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ Im-\≥

2113. G-‰-hpw h-en-b I-S¬-˛ sX-°≥ No-\mI-S¬

2114. _m-lv-an-\n-hw-i-Øn-se lp-a-bq-Wn-s‚]-K-ev-`-\m-b ]-[m-\-a-¥n-˛ ap-l-Ω-Zv K-hm≥

2115. Km-a-k-`-Iƒ- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂ `-c-W-L-S-\m- t`-Z-K-Xn-˛ 73

2116. _m-W-`-´≥- B-cp-sS B-kv-Ym-\ I-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-˛ l¿-j≥-

2117. \m-j-W¬ ^n-em-‰-en-Iv ayq-kn-bw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ \yq-U¬-ln

2118. c-≠p kw-kv-Ym-\-ß-fp-sS X-e-ÿm- \-am-b \-K-cw-˛ N-Wv-Un-K-Vv

2119. C-cp-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n-s≥-d- B-cw-`-Øn¬-Cw-•o-jv- A-£-c-am-em-I-a-Øn¬- B-Zy-sØ- cm-Py-am-bn-cp-∂p- A-_v-ko-\n-b.-Cu- cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d- C-t∏m-g-sØ- t]-cv-˛-F-tXym-]y-

2120. c-≠p tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-ß-fn-epw ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´ cm-Pyw-˛ P¿-a-\n

2121. _m-W-`-´-s‚ b-Ym¿-Y t]-cv-˛ hn-jv-Wp-tKm-]≥

2122. _p-≤-a-X-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ k-\ym-kn-\n-˛ Ku-X-an

2123. C-¥y-bn¬ B-Zy-sØ sd-bn¬-∏m-X-˛apw-ss_-˛-Xm-s\

2124. _mw-•q-cn-se ]-i-kv-X-am-b tÃ-Un-bw-˛-Nn-∂-kzm-an tÃ-Un-bw

2125. _n._n.kn.cq-]-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏- h¿-jw-˛ 1927

2126. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ Im-ew tI-c-f K-h¿-W-dm-b-Xv-˛ hn.hn-iz-\m-Y≥

2127. G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- tI-c-fw- `-cn-®ap-Jy-a-¥n-˛ C sI \m-b-\m¿-

2128. io-l-cn-t°m-´ G-Xp \n-e-bn¬ ]-kn-≤w-˛ D-]-K-l hn-t£-]-Ww

2129. A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- ]-ap-J- cm-jv-So-b-]m¿ńIƒ- d-n-∏-ªn-°≥- ]m¿ń-bpw- sU-tam-Im-‰n-Iv- ]m¿ń-bpw-

2130. C-¥y-bn¬ B-Zy-sØ sk≥-k-kv \-S-∂-sX-hn-sS-˛ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿

2131. Km‚ v S-¶v tdm-Uv \n¿-an-®-Xm-cv-˛ sj¿-j

2132. ]n-∂m-° hn-`m-K-Øn¬ \n-∂pw ]-[m-\-a-¥n-bm-b B-Zy hy-‡n-˛ tUm.a≥-tam-l≥ kn-Mv

2133. ]p-en-‰v-k¿ ]p-c-kv-Im-cw G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv-˛ tPm-k-^v ]p-en-‰v-k¿

2134. _n-bm-kv \-Zn-bp-sS ]-g-b-t]-cv-˛ hn-]m-k

2135. G-Xp `m-j-bm-Wv Iym-ºv emw-tKz-Pv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ D¿-Zp

2136. C-cp-]-Xmw \q-‰m-≠n-se Xm≥-k≥ F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛ Ip-µ≥-em¬ssk-Kmƒ

2137. C-¥m-¶n \m-j-W¬ ]m¿-°v G-Xp kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Wv-˛ \m-Km-em≥-Uv

2138. G-Xp `m-j-bn-em-Wv D-t´m-∏n-b c-Nn-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛ em-‰n≥

2139. _p-≤-a-X-sØ tem-I-a-X-am-°n h-f¿-Øn-b au-cy N-I-h¿-Øn-˛ A-tim-I≥

2140. B-bv cm-Pm-°≥-am-cp-sS Hu-tZym-Kn-I Nn-”w G-Xv ar-K-am-bn-cp-∂p ˛ B-\

2141. Jn¬-Pn hw-i-Øn-se G-‰-hpw ]-kn-≤-\m-b cm-Pm-hv-˛ A-em-hp-±o≥ Jn¬-Pn

2142. _p-≤-s\ G-jy-bp-sS sh-fn-®w F-∂phn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv-˛ F-Uzn≥ B¿-t\mƒ-Uv

2143. C-¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b X-Sm-Iw-˛Nn¬-°

2144. tem-I-a-lm-bp-≤-ßƒ-°p ]-[m-\-th-Zn-bm-b h≥-I-c-˛ bq-tdm-∏v

2145. C-¥y-bn¬ B-Zy-sØ k¿-h-I-em-im-e\n-e-hn¬-h-∂ h¿-jw-˛ 1857

2146. C-¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww Iq-Sn-b Pn-√-˛ e-Um-°v (B-ÿm-\w-˛-te)

2147. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬ _-Uv-P-‰v A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ [-\-a-¥n

2148. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b Hm-ô-kva-µn-cw-˛ s]‚-K¨

2149. B-Zy I¿-Wm-Sn-Iv bp-≤w A-h-km-\n-∏n-® k-\v-[n-˛ A-bn-Iv-kv-˛-em Nm-t∏¬

2150. _p-≤-s‚ _m-ey-Im-e-\m-aw-˛ kn-≤m¿-Y≥

2151. C-¥y-bp-sS tZ-io-b-hr-£w-˛ B¬2152. \m-emw _p-Zv-[-a-X k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ A-

[y-£-X h-ln-®-Xv-˛ h-kp-an-X≥2153. _m-_¿ F-hn-sS-h-®m-Wv A-¥-cn-®-Xv-˛

B-K2154. C-¥y-bp-sS X-]m¬ Ãm-ºn-epw \m-W-

b-Øn-epw C-Sw ]n-Sn-® B-Zy tI-c-fo-b≥ ˛-io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp

2155. _m-_-dp-sS i-h-Ip-So-cw C-t∏mƒ F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ Im-_qƒ

2156. A-Sn-a, ssk-\n-I≥, a-¥n, cm-Pm-hv C-h-sb-√m-am-bn-cp-∂ sU¬-ln kp¬-Øm≥-˛ _m¬-_≥

2157. am-am-¶-sØ-°p-dn-®v hn-i-Z-am-bn ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂ Ir-Xn-bm-Wv am-am-¶w In-fn-∏m-´v. C-Xv c-Nn-®-Xm-cv-˛ Im-Sm-t©-cn \-ºq-Xn-cn

2158. \m-ev B-cy-k-Xy-ßƒ G-Xp a-X-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p-˛ _p-≤-a-Xw

2159. 1931 s^-_p-h-cn 27\v A-e-lm-_m-Zn-seB¬-^-Uv ]m¿-°n¬-sh-®v t]m-eo-kp-Im-tcm-tS-‰p-ap-ń a-cn-® hn-π-h-Im-cn-˛ N-µ-ti-J¿ B-km-Zv

2160. C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn, cq-]-bp-sS ap≥-Km-an-sb A-h-X-cn-∏n-® `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-˛sj¿-jm

2161. \m-j-W¬ A-°m-Z-an Hm-^v A-Uv-an-\n-kv-tS-j≥ F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ a-kq-dn

2162. ]p-∂-]-˛-h-b-em¿ k-a-c-Im-e-Øv Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ Zn-hm≥-˛ kn.]n.cm-a-kzm-anA-ø¿

2163. `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-bv-°v A¿-l-bm-b ]-Y-a-h-\n-X ˛ C-µn-cm-Km-‘n

2164. ]-Wv-Un-‰v I-dp-∏-\v hn-Zzm≥ _-lp-a-Xn\¬-In-b-Xv-˛ tI-c-f-h¿-a h-en-b-tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm≥

2165. A-ø-¶m-fn A-¥-cn-® h¿-jw-˛ 19412166. hn-Zym-t]m-jn-Wn F-∂ kw-L-S-\ ÿm-

]n-®-Xv-˛ k-tlm-Z-c≥ A-ø-∏≥2167. io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp c-Nn-® \-h-a-Rv-P-cn

B¿-°m-Wv k-a¿-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv-˛ N-´-ºn kzm-an-Iƒ-°v

2168. N-´-ºn-kzm-an-I-fp-sS sN-dp-∏-Øn-se Hm-a-\-t∏-cv-˛ Ip-™≥ (b-Ym¿-Y t]-cv A-ø-∏≥)

2169. Ãm-ºp-I-fn¬ kp-thm-an F-∂-®-Sn-°p-∂ cm-Pyw-˛ ^n≥-e≥-Uv

2170. Im≥ ^n-enw s^-Ãn-h¬ G-Xp cm-Py-Øm-Wv-˛ ^m≥-kv

2171. ]p-√p h¿-K-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b k-kyw-˛ ap-f

2172. B-W-thm¿-Pw sIm-≠v k-©-cn-°p-∂tem-I-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ ap-ßn-°-∏¬-˛ t\m-ń-e-kv

2173. ]p-cm-h-kv-Xp-°-sf-°p-dn-®v ]Tn-°p-∂im-kv-X-im-J-˛ B¿-°n-tbm-f-Pn

2174. C-¥y-bp-sS-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-s‚-bpw ]-c-tam-∂-X _-lp-a-Xn t\-Sn-b B-^n-°-°m-c≥-˛ s\¬-k¨ a-t≠-e

2175. _p-≤-a-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ G-‰-hpw k-a-K-am-b hn-⁄m-\-K-Ÿw-˛ a-lm-hn-`m-jw(c-Nn-®-Xv h-kp-an-X≥)

2176. G-Xp m-j-bn¬ c-N-\-\-S-Øp-∂-h¿-°m-Wv C-Iv-_m¬ k-Ωm-\w \¬-Ip-∂-Xv-˛D-dp-Zp

2177. _p-≤n-am-\m-b hn-Uv- -Vn-,- ]n-im-Nn-s≥-d lr-Z-b-ap-≈ ]p-Wy-hm-f≥,-ssh-cp-[y-ß-fp-sS k-¶-e-\w- F-∂n-ß-s\ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ U¬-ln-kp¬-Øm≥.- -ap-l-Ω-Zv-_n≥- Xp-•-Iv-

2178. _p-≤-N-cn-Xw, ku-µ-cm-\-µw,kq-Xm-e-¶m-cw F-∂n-h c-Nn-®-Xm-cv-˛ A-iz-tLm-j≥

2179. C-¥y-bn-se G-Xp ]-tZ-i-am-Wv ap-l-Ω-Zv _n≥ Im-knw B-I-an-®-Xv-˛ kn-‘v

2180. C-¥y-bp-sS X-Ø F-∂p hn-fn-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛ A-ao¿ Jp-kp

2181. cm-Pm tI-i-h-Zm-k-s‚ ]-´-W-sa-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ ÿ-ew-˛ B-e-∏p-g

2182. cm-jv-S-]-Xn ÿm-\w H-gn-hp-h-∂m¬ D-]-cm-jv-S-]-Xn-°v B ]-Z-hn F-X Im-ew A-e-¶-cn-°mw-˛ 6 am-kw

2183. cm-Pm-°≥-am-cp-sS Xm-gv-h-c F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ Xo-_v-kv

2184. C-¥y-bp-sS tZ-io-b hn-t\m-Zw- tlm-°n2185. cm-P-ap-µn G-Xp \-Zn-bp-sS Xo-c-Øm-Wv

˛-tKm-Zm-h-cn2186. C-¥y-bp-sS-bpw ]m-In-kv-Xm-s‚-bpw ]-

c-tam-∂-X _-lp-a-Xn t\-Sn-b G-I C-¥y-°m-c≥-˛ sam-dm¿-Pn tZ-im-bn

2187. Cw-•o-jv A-£-c-am-e-bn-se Un B-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂ k-ap-Zw-˛ B¿-ń-Iv k-ap-Zw

2188. C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy ]p-I-bn-e hn-ap-‡\-K-cw-˛ N-Wv-Un-K-Vv

2189. Cu-Ã¿ Zzo-]v G-Xv k-ap-Z-Øn-em-Wv-˛-]-k-^n-Iv k-ap-Zw

2190. C-¥y-bn-se kp-K-‘-hy-Rv-P-\ kw-ÿm-\w F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ tI-c-fw

2191. D-Ø-c-hm-Z-]-t£m- -W-Im-e-Øv a-e-_m-d n¬ -\n -∂ v Pm -Y \ -bn -s® -Øn -bF.sI.tKm-]m-e≥ F-hn-sS h-®m-Wv A-d-Ãv sN-ø-s∏-´-Xv-˛ B-ep-h

2192. C-¥y-bp-sS tZ-io-b h-cp-am-\w B-Zy-am-bn I-W-°m-°n-b-Xv-˛ Zm-Zm-`m-bv \-hv-tdm-Pn

2193. ]p-cm-W-ß-fn¬ B-‘-P≥-am¿ F-∂t]-cn¬ A-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ i-X-hm-l-\≥-am¿

2194. ]q-Pyw I-≠p-]n-Sn-® cm-Py-°m¿- C-¥ym-°m¿

2195. _p-≤-s‚ ]n-Xm-hv-˛ ip-t≤m-[-\≥2196. D-Ø-c-hn-b-‰v-\m-apw Z-£n-W-hn-b-‰v-\m-apw

Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂ h¿-jw-˛ 19762197. ]p-cm-X-\ kn¬-°p-]m-X I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-

∂ Np-cw-˛ \m-Yp-e2198. \n¬-°m≥ H-cp ÿ-e-hpw i-‡n-bp-≈

H-cp tIm-epw X-∂m¬ Cu `q-an-sb X-s∂ Rm≥ s]m-°n-am-‰mw F-∂p ]-d-™-Xv-˛ B¿-°n-an-Un-kv

2199. Kn-tKm-dn-b≥ I-e-≠-dn-se A-h-km-\-sØ am-kw-˛ Un-kw-_¿

2200. C-¥y-bv-°pw ]m-In-kv-Xm-\pw C-S-bv-°vk¿-ho-kv \-S-Øp-∂ Xo-h-≠n-˛ kw-tQm-X F-Iv-kv-]-kv

2201. Ko-°p ]p-cm-W-ß-fn-se B-Im-i-tZ-h-s‚ t]-cn¬ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ K-lw-˛-bp-dm-\-kv

2202. C-¥y-bp-sS tZ-io-b ]-Xm-I cq-]-I¬-]-\ sN-bv-X ]nw-K-en sh-¶-ø G-Xv kw-ÿm-\-°m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p-˛-B-‘-]-tZ-iv

2203. A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- G-‰-hp-w- h-en-b- \-K-cw-˛ \yq-tbm¿-°v-

2204. io-i-¶-cm-Nm-cy-cp-sS Kp-cp- tKm-hn-µ-]m-Z¿2205. \n¿-an-Xn-I-fp-sS cm-P-Ip-am-c≥ F-∂-dn-

b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ jm-P-lm≥2206. ]p-cm-X-\ tem-I-sØ N-I-h¿-Øn-\n F-

∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ tdmw2207. _p-≤-a-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Øo¿-∂ m-c-X N-I-

h¿-Øn-˛ A-tim-I≥2208. \m-W-b-ß-fn¬ _p-≤-s‚ cq-]w ap-Z-Ww

sN-bv-X B-Zy cm-Pm-hv-˛ I-\n-jv-I≥2209. C-t°m-f-Pn F-∂ ]-Zw B-Zy-am-bn ]-

tbm-Kn-®-Xv-˛ G-W-Ãv sl-°¬2210. \n-b-a-Øn-\p-ap-∂n¬ F-√m-h¿-°pw Xp-

tNmZy-ßƒ ]eXv DØcw 8P-hm-l¿-em¬ s\-lp F-X ]m-h-iyw tIm¨-K-kv ]-kn-U‚m-bn-´p-≠vF-X Hm-kv-I¿ A-hm¿-Up-I-fm-Wv 1982˛¬ Km-‘n kn-\n-a t\-Sn-b-XvH-cp ]-h≥ kz¿-Ww F-X Km-am-WvC-¥y≥ -c-W-L-S-\-bn¬ `m-j-I-sf-°p-dn-®v ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv F-Xm-a-sØ]- n-I-bn-em-WvI-]m-e-Øn-se (tI-\n-bw) A-ÿn-I-fp-sS F-ÆwF-Xmw i-X-I-Øn-em-Wv C-¥ym-N-cn-X-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ ap-…nw B-I-a-WwD-≠m-b-XvH-cp Iyq-_n-\v F-X aq-e-I-fp-≠vIw-]yq-´-dn¬ F-X _n-‰p-Iƒ tN¿-∂m-Wv H-cp ss_-‰v B-Ip-∂-XvtI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-bp-sS N-cn-X-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ ]m-h-iyw Im-Ãnw-Kvthm-´p-Iƒ tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈ kv-]o-°¿ F.kn.tPm-kv B-Wv. A-t±-lwF-X ]m-h-iy-am-Wv Im-Ãnw-Kv thm-´v hn-\n-tbm-Kn-®-XvF-X ]m-h-iy-am-Wv C-¥y H-fn-ºn-Iv tlm-°n kz¿-Ww t\-Sn-b-Xv1935 se K-h.Hm- v C-¥y B-Iv-Sv ]-Im-cw _n- o-jv C-¥y-bn¬ 1937˛¬ \-S-∂Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v F-X ]-hn-iy-I-fn-em-Wv tIm -K-kv ]m¿- n A-[n-Im-c-Øn¬ h-∂-Xv\o-cm-fn-bp-sS Im-ep-I-fp-sS F-Æwin-h-Pn-bp-sS a-¥n-k-`mw-K-ß-fp-sS (A-jv-S-]-[m≥) F-Æw


ey-X D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂ -c-W-L-S-\m A-\p-Ov-tO-Zw-˛ B¿-ń-°nƒ 14

2211. ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´-bp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I X-e-ÿm-\w-˛ B-d-∑p-f

2212. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-am-bn B-Zyw Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-Xv-˛ Fw.D-ta-jv dm-hp

2213. \n-f,- t]-cm¿- F-∂o- t]-cp-I-fn-epw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- \-Zn- ˛-`m-c-X-∏p-g-

2214. _n- o-jn-¥y-bn-se Hu-dw-K-ko-_v F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ I-gv-k¨ ]-`p

2215. \n-e-°-S-e Ir-jn-bn¬ ap-∂n-´p \n¬-°p-∂ tI-c-f-Øn-se Pn-√-˛ ]m-e-°m-Sv

2216. C-¥y-bn¬ ]-Sn-™m-tdm-s´m-gp-Ip-∂ \-Zn-I-fn¬ G-‰-hpw h-ep-Xv-˛ \¿-a-Z

2217. tI-c-f m-jm C≥-Ãn-‰yq-ń-s‚ B-Zy U-b-d-Iv-S¿-˛ F≥.hn. Ir-jv-W-hm-cy¿

2218. \m-ep sh-≈-®m-´-ßƒ tN¿-∂-Xm-WvtPm-Kv sh-≈-®m-´w. A-h G-sX-√mw-˛cm-P, dm-Wn, tdm-°-‰v, tdm-d¿

2219. ]-¥¬ X-I¿-∂p-ho-Wp a-cn-® Xp-•-Ivkp¬-Øm≥-˛ Kn-bm-kp-±o≥ Xp-•-Iv

2220. ]-ń-I-Pm-Xn P-\-kw-Jy G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ kw-ÿm-\w-˛ D-Ø¿ ]-tZ-iv

2221. io-s]-cpw-]p-Xp-cn¬ P-\n-® ssh-jv-W-h B-Nm-cy≥ ˛ cm-am-\p-P≥

2222. \n-Ip-Xn-io-´v- B-h-iy-am-bn- h-cp-∂n-S-ß-fn¬- lm-P-cm-°p-∂-Xv- G-Xp- X-cw- \n-Ip-Xn- A-S-®-Xn-s‚- c-ko-Xm-Wv- - `q-\n-Ip-Xn-

2223. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ Ip-cp-ap-f-Ip-¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂ Pn-√-˛ C-Sp-°n

2224. ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Ø cm-Pyw F-Xn-cm-fn-tbm-Sv a-Xn-∏v-tXm-∂n Xn-cn-sI \¬-In-b B-I-a-W-Im-cn-˛-A-e-Iv-km-≠¿ N-I-h¿-Øn

2225. G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- I-S¬-Øo-c-ap-≈- cm-Pyw- -˛-Im-\-U-

2226. \n-b-a-k- m kv-]o-°¿ cm-Pn k-a¿-∏n-t°-≠-Xm¿-°v-˛ U-]yq-ń kv-]o-°¿

2227. Ko-°v Zp-c-¥-\m-S-I-ß-fp-sS ]n-Xm-hv- C-kv-In-e-kv

2228. a-™-∏n-Øw ]-[m-\-am-bpw G-X-h-b-h-sØ-bm-Wv _m-[n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ I-cƒ

2229. \n-jv-In-b hm-X-I-ßƒ A-Y-hm Ip-eo-\ hm-X-I-ßƒ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ 6 F-Æw-˛ lo-en-bw. \n-tbm¨,B¿-K¨,In-]v-t‰m¨,kn-t\m¨,dm-tUm¨

2230. a¿-Ωw (\yq-¢n-b-kv) I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xv-˛tdm-_¿-´v _u¨

2231. A-a¿-\m-Yn-se B-cm-[-\m-aq¿-Øn-˛ in-h≥

2232. A-ta-cn-°-bn-se kp-h¿-W-kw-ÿm-\wF-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ Im-en-t^m¿-Wn-b

2233. Iq-°v-kv •m-kv F-¥n-s\ ]-Xn-tcm-[n-°m≥ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-˛ Aƒ-Sm-h-b-e-‰v In-c-Ww

2234. \n-b-a-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s‚ Cu-‰n-√w F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ ]p-cm-X-\ \-K-cw-˛ tdmw

2235. \n- -l-I-c-W ]-ÿm-\w ]n≥-h-en-°m≥ Km-‘n-Pn-sb t]-cn-∏n-® kw-`-hw-˛ Nu-cn-˛-Nu-cm kw-`-hw(1922)

2236. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se \n-h¿-Ø-\ ]-t£m-`-W-Øn-s‚ ]-[m-\-t\-Xm-°ƒ-˛F≥.hn .tPm -k-^v , kn.tI -i -h≥,]n.sI.Ip-™v

2237. \n-ln-en-kw F-∂ hm-°v cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv-˛ C-hm≥ S¿-P-t\-hv

2238. ]m¿-e-sa‚ v k-tΩ-fn-°m-Ø-t∏mƒ ]-kn-U‚ v ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-∂ D-Ø-c-hv-˛

Hm¿-Un-\≥-kv2239. ]-cn-ÿn-Xn kw-c-£-W-sØ kq-Nn-∏n-

°p-∂ \n-dw-˛ ]-®2240. C-¥y-bn¬ _m-¶p-I-fp-sS tZ-i-km¬-°-

c-Ww \-S-∂ h¿-j-ßƒ-˛ 1969,19802241. \n-t°m-_m¿ Zzo-]p-I-tfm-Sv G-‰-hpw A-

Sp-Øm-bn ÿn-Xn sN-øp-∂ cm-Pyw-˛ C-s¥m-\o-jy

2242. Ko≥ ]m¿-°v tÃ-Un-bw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛-Im¨-]q¿

2243. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-sb A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\sN-bv-X B-Zy ]-kn-U‚ v -sI.B¿.\m-cm-b-W≥

2244. \n-h¿-Ø-\-]-t£m-`-W-Øn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Ø k-ap-Zm-b-ßƒ- Cu-g-h¿, In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ, ap-…n-ßƒ

2245. ]m-No-\ tI-c-f-Øn¬ ar-Xm-h-in-jv-S-ßƒ A-S-°w sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-Xv-˛ \-∂-ßm-Sn-I-fn¬

2246. C-¥y-bn¬ ^-©p-`-c-W-Øn-\v A-¥ywIp-dn-® bp-≤w-˛ hm-≠n-hm-jv

2247. Ko-kn-\pw Xp¿-°n-°p-an-S-bv-°p-≈ a-[y-[-c-Wym-gn-bp-sS `m-Kw A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂t]-cv-˛ Cu-Pn-b≥ I-S¬

2248. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-sb A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\sN-bv-X B-Zy ]-[m-\-a-¥n-˛ P-hm-l¿-em¬ s\-lp

2249. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ I-S¬-Øo-c-ap-≈ C-¥y≥ kw-ÿm-\w-˛ Kp-P-dm-Øv

2250. \m-j-W¬- C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq-´v- Hm-^v- dq-d¬-sU-h-e-]v-sa≥-dv- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- - ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zn¬

2251. \n-d-ß-fp-sS D¬-k-hw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ B-tLm-jw-˛ tlm-fn

2252. Iq-Uv Hm-bn-en¬-\n-∂v hn-hn-[ s]-tSm-fn-bw D¬-]-∂-ßƒ th¿-Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°p-∂ ]-In-b-˛ ^m-£-W¬ Un-Ãn-te-j≥

2253. \m-j-W¬- dn-tam-´v- sk≥-kn-Mv- G-P≥-kn-bp-sS B-kv-Ym-\w- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv- --˛ ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zn¬-

2254. Sq-jy¬- kv-t‰-‰p-Iƒ- F-∂ t]-cn¬- A-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂- q-hn- m-K-Øn-s≥-d- C-t∏m-g-sØ- t]-cv- -˛-bp-ssW-‰-Uv- A-d-_v- F-an-td-‰v-kv-

2255. \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤-am-b \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ I-≠m¬kz-bw tI-sk-Sp-°m≥ a-Pn-kv-tS-‰n-\vA-[n-Im-cw \¬-Ip-∂ h-Ip-∏v-˛ kp-thm-tam-t´m

2256. ]-cn-Wm-a-]-In-b-bn-se A-h-km-\-sØP-¥p hn-`m-Kw-˛ k-kv-X-\n-Iƒ

2257. H-c-º-ew \-in-®m¬ A-X-bpw A-‘-hn-izm-kw \-in-°pw F-∂ hn-hm-Z-]-kv-Xm-h-\ \-S-Øn-b t\-Xm-hv-˛ kn.tI-i-h≥

2258. C-\n \-ap-°v A-º-e-ßƒ-°p Xo sIm-fp-Ømw F-∂ e-Lp-te-J-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ km-aq-ln-I ]-cn-jv-I¿-Øm-hv-˛hn.Sn.`-´-Xn-cn-∏m-Sv

2259. _-“-io io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hn-s‚ Po-h-N-cn-X-kw-K-lw c-Nn-®-Xv-˛ Ip-am-c-\m-im≥

2260. Ip-am-c-\m-im-s\ hn-π-h-Øn-s‚ I-hn F-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv-˛ Xm-bm-´v i-¶-c≥

2261. \n-b-a-k-`m-[y-£≥, ap-Jy-a-¥n, K-h¿-W¿ F-∂o ]-Z-hn-I-fn-se-Øn-b a-e-bm-fn-˛ F.sP.tPm¨

2262. ]-Ø-\w-Xn-´ Pn-√-bn-se ]-kn-≤-am-b\m-S≥-I-em-cq-]w-˛ ]-S-b-Wn

2263. ]-Xn-aq-∂mw \q-‰m-≠n¬ A-kw Io-g-S-°n-b A-tlmw hw-i-P¿ `-c-W-Øn-\m-bn \n-tbm-Kn-® ssh-tkm-bn-am¿-˛ `¿-°≥-am¿

2264. \m-j-W¬ F≥-h-tbm¨-sa-s‚¬ F-©n-\o-b-dn-Mv dn-k¿-®v C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ \m-Kv-]q¿

2265. G-Xv- Kp-]v-X-cm-Pm-hn-s≥-d k-Z- n-s\-bm-Wv- \-h-c-Xv-\-ßƒ- A-e-¶-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv-˛-N-µ-Kp-]v-X≥- c-≠m-a≥-

2266. ]¿-h-X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\w- Hm-tdm-f-Pn

2267. _o-lm-dn-s≥-d- Zpx-Jw- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-\-Zn-˛ tIm-kn-

2268. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-bn-te-°v G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ ]m-h-iyw Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´ h-\n-X ˛-sI.B¿.Ku-cn-b-Ω

2269. H-km-a _n≥ em-Z≥ G-Xp \m-´p-Im-c≥-˛ ku-Zn A-td-_y

2270. hm-´¿ Kym-kv F-¥n-s‚-sbm-s° an-in-X-am-Wv-˛ ssl-U-P≥, Im¿-_¨ tam-tWm-Iv-ssk-Uv

2271. _o-P-Iv c-Nn-®-Xv-˛ I-_o¿2272. _p-[≥ F-X Zn-h-kw-sIm-≠m-Wv kq-

cy-s\ ]-Z-£n-Ww sN-øp-∂-Xv-˛ 882273. G-jy-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \o-fw- Iq-Sn-b- \-

Zn-˛ bm-Mv-kn- In-bm-Mv-2274. _p-°¿ k-Ωm-\w c-≠p ]m-h-iyw t\-

Sn-b B-Zy hy-‡n-˛ sP.Fw.Iq-‰v-tk2275. Ko-°p tZ-h-s‚ t]-cp-≈ G-I K-lw-˛-

bp-dm-\-kv2276. t£-X-ß-fp-sS D-S-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep-≠m-bn-

cp-∂ `q-an-bp-sS t]-cv-˛ tZ-h-kzw2277. Um-°p-f t\m-h-en-\p ]-›m-Ø-e-am-b

Im¿-∏m-Øn-b≥ a-e-\n-c-Iƒ G-Xv cm-Py-Øm-Wv-˛ sdm-am-\n-b ,s…m-hm-Iy,t]m-f-≠v F-∂o cm-Py-ß-fn¬

2278. Xn-]p-c kw-ÿm-\-hp-am-bn A-Xn¿-Øn]-¶n-Sp-∂ cm-Pyw-˛ _w-•m-tZ-iv

2279. _o-lm¿ Km-‘n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ cm-tP-µ-]-km-Zv-

2280. _p-≤≥ B-Zy-am-bn a-X-]-`m-j-Ww \-S-Øn-b km-c-\m-Yv G-Xp kw-ÿm-\-Øv-˛ D-Ø¿ ]-tZ-iv

2281. \o-¥¬-°p-f-ßƒ A-Wp-hn-ap-‡-am-°m≥D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ hm-X-Iw- t¢m-dn≥

2282. A-e-°p-Im-c-Øn-s‚ cm-k-\m-aw-˛ tkm-Un-bw Im¿-_-tW-‰v

2283. A-e-am-ń Umw G-Xv \-Zn-bn-em-Wv-˛ Ir-jv-W

2284. ^-tØ-]q¿ kn-In-bp-sS I-hm-Sw-˛ _p-e-µv Z¿-hm-k

2285. ^v-fo-‰v kv-So-‰v G-Xp \-K-c-Øn-em-Wv ˛e-≠≥

2286. Iw-]yq-´-dn-s\ kw-_-\n-[n-®n-S-tØm-fwhn-h-c-ti-J-c-W-Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw sN-dn-b L-S-Iw-˛ ss_-‰v

2287. k-am-[m-\ s\m-t_¬ k-Ωm-\-Zm-\w \-S-°p-∂ \-K-cw-˛ Hm-kv-tem

2288. Im-bn-I-tem-I-sØ Hm-kv-I¿ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ A-hm¿-Uv-˛ tem-d-kv A-hm¿-Uv

2289. Cu-Un-∏-kv cm-Pm-hv F-∂ Ko-°p \m-S-Iw c-Nn-®-Xv-˛ tkm-t^m-¢o-kv

2290. c-≠v- `q-J-Wv-U-ß-fn¬- kv-Yn-Xn-sN-øp-∂ \-K-cw-˛ C-kv-Xm≥-_pƒ-

2291. hm-´¿-•m-kn-s‚ cm-k-\m-aw-˛ tkm-Un-bw kn-en-t°-‰v

2292. Iw-]yq-´-dn-s‚ ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Nmƒ-kv _m-t_-Pv

2293. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`-bn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ ]m-h-iyw A-hn-izm-k ]-ta-bwt\-cn-´ ap-Jy-a-¥n-˛ sI.I-cp-Wm-I-c≥

2294. I-b¿-^m-Iv-S-dn-Iƒ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ Pn-√-˛-B-e-∏p-g

2295. C-¥y-bn¬ bp-≤-`q-an-bn¬ ]o-c-¶n-∏-SB-Zy-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv-˛-_m-_¿

2296. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw D-b-cw Iq-Sn-ba-cw-˛ sd-Uv-hp-Uv

2297. C-¥y-bn¬ bq-tdm-]y≥-am¿ \n¿-an-® B-Zy-sØ tIm-´- ˛ sIm®n tIm-´

2298. I-gp-Øv ]-Xn-tcm-[-Øn-\v D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ k-kv-X-\w-˛ -Pn-dm-^v

2299. Cw-]o-®v-sa‚n-\v hn-t[-b-\m-b K-h¿-W¿P-\-d¬-˛ hm-d≥ tl-Ãn-Mv-kv

2300. I-c-bn-se k-kv-X-\-ß-fn¬ \o-f-Øn¬c-≠mw ÿm-\-ap-≈-Xv-˛-Pn-dm-^v

2301. G-‰-hpw \o-f-ap-≈ ]m-ºv-˛ sd-ń-°p-te-‰-Uv ss]-Ø¨

2302. Im-gv-N sIm-≠-√m-sX h-gn-b-dn-bp-∂ k-kv-X-\n-˛ h-∆m¬

2303. Im-in-bp-sS ]p-Xn-b-t]-cv-˛ hm-cm-W-kn2304. `q-an-bp-sS km-¶¬-]n-I A-£w- ew-_-

Øn¬-\n-∂v- F-X Un-Kn- N-cn-™m-Wv-kv-Yn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv-˛ 23.-5 Un-Kn-

2305. Cw-]o-cn-b¬ _m-¶v Hm-^v C-¥y C-t∏mƒ A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ t]-cv-˛ tÃ-‰v _m-¶v Hm-^v C-¥y

2306. ayq-t´-j≥ kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s‚ D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv-˛ lyq-tKm Uo-hn-kv

2307. A-ta-cn-°≥ sF-Iy-\m-Sp-I-fp-sS kzm-X-¥y ]-Jym-]-\w X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv-˛tXm-a-kv sP-t^-gv-k¨

2308. G-Xp \-K-c-Øn-em-Wv ssSw kv-Iz-b¿-˛\yq-tbm¿-°v

2309. In-°-‰n-s‚ ss_-_nƒ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ am-kn-I-˛ hn-kv-U≥

2310. `q-an-bp-sS Im-¥n-I-i-‡n-bv-°-\p-k-cn-®vk-©-cn-°m≥ I-gn-hp-≈ Po-hn-˛ H-®v

2311. A-h-\-h-\m-fl-kp-J-Øn-\m-N-cn-∏-h-b-]-c-∂p kp-J-Øn-\m-bn h-tc-Ww- C-]-Im-cwD-Zv-t_m-[n-∏n-®-Xv- io-\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp

2312. `m-hn-bp-sS tem-lw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ ssS-‰m-\n-bw

2313. bm-N-I-cp-sS cm-P-Ip-am-c≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv-˛ a-Z≥ tam-l≥ am-f-hy

ku-c-bq-Y-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw ssZ¿-Lyw Iq-Sn-b Zn-\-cm-X-ß-fp-≈ K-lw ip-I≥. G-‰-hpw ssZ¿-Lyw Ip-d-™-Xv hym-gw (9 a-Wn-°q¿ 55 an-\n-´v).Pp-\-K-Vv F-∂ ÿ-ew Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-Wv. F-∂m¬ Pp-\-K-Vv tIm-cm-P-ÿm-\n-se _n-°m-\n¿ F-∂ÿ-e-Øm-Wv. 1588˛¬ cm-bv knw-KvB-Wv C-Xv ]-Wn-I-gn-∏n-®-Xv. tZ-io-b im-kv-X-Zn-\w (NationalScience Day)^n-_-h-cn 28 B-Wv. sa-bv 11 B-Wv tZ-io-b km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zym-Zn-\w (National Tech-nology Day).

CONFUSING FACTS

C-¥y≥ `-c-W-L-S-\ \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-t∏mƒ sj-Uyq-fp-I-fp-sS (]-ń-I-Iƒ) F-ÆwF-X h¿-j-am-Wv jm-P-lm≥ N-I-h¿-Øn X-S-hn¬-°n-S-∂-XvF-X h-i-ß-fp-≈ Pym-an-Xo-b cq-]-am-Wv H-Iv-S-K¨ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se K-l-ß-fp-sS F-Æwa-\p-jy-]n-Wv-U-Øn-s‚ F-X i-X-am-\-am-Wv c-‡w\-c-knw-l-dm-hp a-¥n-k-`-bn¬ [-\-a-¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂ a≥-tam-l≥-knw-Kv C-¥y≥km-º-Øn-I-cw-K-Øv D-Zm-c-h-Xv-I-c-Ww B-cw- n-®-Xv F-Xmw ]-©-h-’-c-]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-WvD-Ø-cm-b-\ tc-J (tSm-∏n-Iv Hm- v Im≥-k¿) F-X C-¥y≥ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-eq-sS I-S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂pkq-cy-]-Im-i-Øn-\v `q-an-bn-se-Øm≥ F-X an-\n- v k-a-bw th-WwsF-Iy-cm-jv-S-k- -bp-sS F-Xm-a-sØ sk-I- -dn P-\-d-em-Wv _m≥ In aqÜ¬-ln-bn-se F-Xm-a-sØ \-K-c-am-Wv \yq-U¬-lnH-cmƒ-°v ]-c-am-h-[n F-X h¿-j-am-Wv A-ta-cn-°≥ ]-kn-U‚v ]-Z-hn h-ln-°m≥ hy-h-ÿ-bp-≈-XvIr-jv-W-tZ-h-cm-b-cp-sS ]-Wv-Un-X k-Z- m-b A-jv-S-Zzn-§n-P-ß-fn-se Aw-K-ßƒkm¿-°v F-∂ kw-L-S-\-bn-se F-Xm-a-sØ Aw-K-am-Wv A- v-Km-\n-ÿm≥sN-kv I-fn-bn¬ H-cp I-fn-°m-c-\v F-X Im-em-fp-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv`q-h-Xv-I-Øn-s‚ F-X i-X-am-\-am-Wv A-ep-an-\n-bw]-Y-a tem-I I-∏v In-°-‰v a¬-k-c-Øn¬ F-X cm-Py-ß-fm-Wv ]-s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv

tNmZy-ßƒ ]eXv DØcw 8

CONFUSING FACTSA-h-km-\-sØ A-Øm-gw F-∂s]-bn‚nw-Kv h-c-®-Xv en-bm-\m¿-tUmUm-hn-©n-bm-Wv. ssa-°-em-©-tem-bm-Wv A-¥y-hn-[n c-Nn-®-Xv.G-‰-hpw Ip-d-™ ]m-b-Øn¬ `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-bv-°v A¿-l-\m-b-Xv k-®n≥ sS≥-Up¬-°¿ (2013) 40 ˛mwh-b- n¬. G-‰-hpw Ip-d-™ ]m-b-Øn¬ `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-bv-°v A¿-l-X-t\-Sn-b- h\nX C-µn-cm-Km-‘n(1917˛1984)bm-Wv. 1971¬ _-lp-a-Xn e-`n-°p-tºmƒ A-h¿-°v 54 h-b- m-bn-cp-∂p. C-¥y-bp-sS X-Ø F-∂ A-]-c-\m-a-Øn-e-dn-b-s∏-´-Xv A-ao¿ Jp-kp B-Wv. C-¥y-bp-sS hm-\-ºm-Sn F-∂p hn-fn-®-Xv k-tcm-Pn-\n \m-bn-Up-hn-s\-bm-Wv.

2015 Pq - 1 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 23

2314. D-dq-kv- G-Xp a-X-°m-cp-sS H-cp B-tIm-j-am-Wv-˛ C-…mw

2315. C-¥y-bp-sS Nm-b-tØm-´w F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ A-kw

2316. b-Mv C-‰-en ]-ÿm-\-sØ \-bn-®-h¿-˛Km-cn-_mƒ-Un-bpw a- o-\n-bpw

2317. G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-t√-Pp-Iƒ D-≈kw-ÿm-\w-˛ D-Ø¿-]-tZ-iv

2318. F-Uzn≥ B¿-t\mƒ-Un-s‚ Zn sse-‰v Hm-^v G-jy F-∂ Ir-Xn-bn-se ]-Xn-]m-Zyw B-cp-sS Po-hn-X-am-Wv-˛ io-_p-≤≥

2319. e-Lp-`m-kv-I-co-b-Øn-s‚ I¿-Øm-hv-˛ i-¶-c-\m-cm-b-W≥

2320. F-√m Km-a-ß-fn-epw ssh-Zyp-Xn e-`y-am-°n-b B-Zy kw-k-Ym-\w-˛ l-cn-bm-\

2321. In-g-°n-s‚ Hm-Iv-kv-^-Uv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ C-¥y≥ \-K-cw-˛ ]q-s\

2322. cm-Pyw \n-ßƒ-°p-th-≠n F-¥p-sN-øpwF-∂-√, cm-Py-Øn-\p-th-≠n \n-ßƒ-°vF-¥p-sN-øm-\m-hpw F-∂m-Wv Nn-¥n-t°-≠-Xv- C-]-Im-cw ]-d-™ A-ta-cn-°≥]-kn-U‚ v ˛ tPm¨ F- v. sI-∂-Un

2323. tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw D-b-cw Iq-Sn-b c-≠m-a-sØ sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-˛ tKm-Uv-hn≥ Hm-Ãn≥

2324. C-¥y-bn¬ b-Ym¿-Y \n¿-h-l--Wm-[n-Im-cwhn-\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv ˛ tI-µ a-¥n-k-

2325. I-b¿-sÛn-s‚ B-ÿm-\w -B-e-∏p-g2326. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k- -bn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬

Im-ew Bw-t•m-˛-C-¥y≥ ]-Xn-\n-[n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xv-˛ Ão-^≥ ]m-Zp-h

2327. cm-ta-iz-cw Zzo-]n-s\ C-¥y≥ D-]-Zzo-]p-am-bn th¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- ]m-º≥ Nm-\¬

2328. am-hn-s‚ P-∑-tZ-iw-˛ C-¥y2329. `m-c-X-c-Xv-\w t\-Sn-b B-Zy h-\n-X-˛ C-

µn-cm Km-‘n2330. _p-≤- -ssP-\-a-X-ßƒ C-¥y-bn¬ D-S-se-

Sp-Ø-Xv- _n.kn.B-dmw i-X-I-Øn¬2331. I-c-_-≤-cm-Py-ß-fn-√m-Ø G-I h≥-I-

c-˛-h-S-t° A-ta-cn-°

2332. £m-c-]-Zm¿-Y-ßƒ en-‰v-a-kn-s‚ \n-dw Np-h-∏n¬-\n-∂pw - - - B-°p-∂p- \o-e

2333. hn-im-J-Z-Ø-s‚ ap-Zm-cm-£-k-Øn-se]-[m-\ I-Ym-]m-Xw-˛ Nm-W-Iy≥

2334. £o-c-]-Y-tI-µ-sØ H-cp ]m-h-iyw h-ew-h-bv-°m≥ kq-cy-s\-Sp-°p-∂ k-a-bwA-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ t]-cv- tIm-kv-an-Iv C-b¿

2335. Xn-]p-c-kp-µ-cn-t£-Xw G-Xv kw-ÿm-\-Øv-˛ Xn-]p-c

2336. \m-j-W¬ t]m-eo-kv A-°m-Z-an F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv

2337. G-Xv kw-bp-‡-am-Wv ssl-t∏m F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- tkm-Un-bw X-tbm-k¬-t^-‰v

2338. G-Xv kw-ÿm-\-Øn-se k-º-Zv hy-h-ÿ-bm-Wv a-Wn-tbm¿-U¿ k-º-Zv hy-h-ÿF-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Uv

2339. C-¥y-bn¬ ap-…nw -c-W-Øn-\v A-Sn-Ø-d ]m-In-b-Xv-˛ ap-l-Ω-Zv tKm-dn

2340. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-am-bn B-Zyw k-Xy-]-Xn-⁄ sN-bv-X hy-‡n-˛ tdm-k-Ωm ]p-∂q-kv

2341. ]m-]n-I-fp-sS \-K-cw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ _m-t¶m-°v

2342. ]-√-h≥-am-cp-sS X-e-kv-Ym-\-am-bn-cp-∂-Xpw- ]-´p-hy-h-km-b-Øn-\p- t]-cp- tI-´-Xp-am-b \-K-cw-˛-Im-©o-]p-cw-

2343. B-Zy sS-en-hn-j≥ kw-t]-£-Ww sN-bv-X-Xv-˛ _n._n.kn.

2344. tI-c-f ]-ªn-Iv k¿-ho-kv I-Ωn-j-s‚ B-ÿm-\w-˛- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw

2345. C-¥y≥-kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ G-‰-hpw P-\-km-µ-X Ip-d-™-Xv- A-cp-Wm-N¬ ]-tZ-iv

2346. G-Xv ÿm-]-\-Øn¬-\n-∂m-Wv Km-‘n-Pn \n-b-a-_n-cp-Zw t\-Sn-b-Xv-˛ e-≠-\n-se C-∂¿ sS-ºnƒ

2347. ]n-Ø-c-k-Øn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ ]n-s‹‚p-Iƒ-˛ _n-en-dq-_n≥, _n-en-sh¿-Un≥

2348. ]-Z-hn-bn-en-cn-s° A-¥-cn-® B-Zy tI-µ-a-¥n-˛ k¿-Zm¿ ]-t´¬

2349. \n-b-aw ]m-h-s∏-´-h-s\ I-i-°p-∂p, ]-W-°m-c≥ \n-b-a-sØ-bpw F-∂p ]-d-™-Xv-˛ H-fn-h¿-tKmƒ-Uv-kv-an-Øv

2350. G-Xv ssZ-h-sØ-bm-Wv \m-b-\m¿-am¿B-cm-[n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ in-h≥

2351. \m-j-W¬ ln-Ã-dn ayq-kn-bw F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ U¬-ln

2352. `m-c-Øn¬ c-≠mw ÿm-\-ap-≈ ]-£n-˛Im-tkm-h-cn

2353. `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-hpw Hm-W-d-dn Hm-kv-Im-dpwt\-Sn-b B-Zy hy-‡n-˛ k-Xy-Pn-Xv td

2354. G-‰-hpw- h-en-b hm-bv- D-≈ k-kv-X-\w-˛ ln-t∏m-s]m-´m-a-kv-

2355. sX-°v tIm-h-fw ap-X¬ h-S-°v Im-k¿-tIm-Sv h-sc A-d-_n-°-S-en-\v k-am-¥-c-am-bn \o-fp-∂ ]-[m-\ P-e-]m-X-˛ sh-Ãv tIm-kv-‰v I-\m¬

2356. ]-Xm-I-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\w-˛ sh-Iv-kn-t√m-f-Pn

2357. Sm-h≥-Iq¿- kn-a≥-dv-kv- F-hn-sS-bm-Wv-˛ \m-´-Iw-

2358. ]m-_v-tfm s\-cq-Z P-\n-® cm-Pyw- Nn-en2359. ]-º-bp-sS D-Zv-`-hw-˛ ]p-e®n-a-e2360. _¿-tZm-fn k-Xym-K-lw \-bn-®-Xv-˛ k¿-

Zm¿ ]-t´¬2361. ]-√-h hw-i-Øn-se cm-Pm-°≥-am-cn¬ G-

‰-hpw ]-i-kv-X≥-˛ \-c-knw-l-h¿-a≥ H-∂m-a≥

2362. ]¿-h-X-ß-fp-sS I-S¬ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ _n-ó-jv sIm-fw-_n-b

2363. \yq-kv t]-∏¿ t_m-bv F-∂ a-e-bm-fkn-\n-a kw-hn-[m-\w sN-bv-X-Xv-˛ ]n.cmw-Zm-kv

2364. \yq-tSm¨ C-√m-Ø aq-e-Iw-˛ ssl-U-P≥

2365. ]-√-h-hw-iw ÿm-]n-®-Xv-˛ knw-l-hn-jv-Wp

2366. \o-e-Kn-cn-bp-sS dm-Wn F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ D-Z-I-a-Wv-U-ew

2367. \yq-tSm¨ t_mw-_v I-≠p-]n-Sn-® A-ta-cn-°≥ im-kv-X-⁄≥-˛ km-ap-h¬tIm-l≥ (1958)

2368. Ko-°p-Im¿ km≥-tUm-tIm-´q-kv F-∂t]-cv N-µ-Kp-]v-X-au-cy-s\ kq-Nn-∏n-°m-\m-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv F-∂v B-Zy-am-bnsX-fn-bn-®-Xv-˛ hn-eyw tPm¨-kv

2369. hn-ip-≤ ]¿-h-Xw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛^yq-Pn-bm-a

2370. Km-\-K-‘¿-h≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ Km-b-I≥-˛ tb-ip-Zm-kv

2371. Xn-]p-c-bn¬ _n- o-jv C-¥y-bn-se-t]m-e-sØ -c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w G¿-s∏-Sp-Øn-bcm-Pm-hv- a-lm-cm-P am-Wn-Iy _-lm-Zq¿

2372. tI-c-f-Øn-se C-©n K-th-j-W tI-µ-Øn-s‚-B-ÿm-\w-˛ A-º-e-h-b¬

2373. tI-c-f ]-cm-a¿-i-ap-≈ B-Zy-sØ in-em-tc-J-˛ A-tim-I-s‚

2374. I-c-`m-Kw ap-gp-h≥ k-\-K¬ F-∂ cm-Py-Øm¬ Np-‰-s∏-´ cm-Pyw-˛ Kmw-_n-b

2375. tI-c-f \n-b-a-k- -bn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬Im-ew kv-]o-°¿-˛ h-°w ]p-cp-tjm-Ø-a≥

2376. Xn-aq¿-Øn-Iƒ B-sc-√mw-˛ _-“m-hv,hn-jv-Wp, in-h≥

2377. G-Xp ssh-tkm-bn-°m-Wv 1900 se Cu-g-h sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ k-a¿-∏n-®-Xv-˛ I-gv-k¨-]-`p

2378. tI-c-f-Øn-se B-Zy-Im-ehnZym-e-b-ßƒA-dn-b-s∏-ń-cp-∂-Xv-˛ Ip-Sn-∏-≈n-°q-S-ßƒ

2379. _p-≈-‰v ]q-^v h-kv-X-ßƒ \n¿-an-°p-∂-Xn-\v D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ h-kv-Xp-˛ sI-hv-em¿

2380. G-Xp ÿ-e-Øn-s‚ ]-g-b t]-cm-Wv sh-¶-S-tIm-´-˛ tIm-´-bv-°¬

2381. `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS G-Xv- A-\p-Nv-tO-Zw-]-Im-c-am-Wv- cm-Py-k-`--bn-te-°v- km-ln-Xyw,- im-kv-Xw,- I-e,- km-aq-ln-I ]-h¿-Ø-\w- F-∂o- cw-K-ß-fn¬- ]-K¬-`-cm-b 12t]-sc cm-jv-S-]-Xn- \m-a-\n¿-tZ-iw-sN-øp-∂-Xv ˛80˛mw- A-\p-Nv-tO-Zw-

2382. Z-£n-W-[p-hw I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xv- A-ap-≠v-sk≥

2383. bp-td-\n-b-Øn-s‚ in-Yn-eo-I-c-Ww-aq-ewA-h-km-\w e-`n-°p-∂-Xv-˛ I-dp-Øo-bw

2384. G-Xp-hw-i-P-cm-bn-cp-∂p A-Sn-a kp¬-Øm≥-am¿-˛ Xp¿-°n

2385. C-¥y-bn¬ q-]-S-ßƒ X-øm-dm-°p-∂ G-P≥-kn-˛ k¿-th Hm-^v C-¥y

2386. G-Xv \-Zn-bp-sS t]m-j-I-\-Zn-bm-Wv Nw-_¬-˛-b-ap-\

2387. F-√m B-kn-Up-I-fn-epw A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ aq-e-Iw-˛ ssl-U-P≥

2388. G-Xv \-Zn-bp-sS t]m-j-I-\-Zn-bm-Wv Xo-kv-X-˛-_-“-]q-X

2389. G-Xp h¿-K-°m-cp-sS B-I-a-W-am-Wv Kp-]v-X-`-c-W-sØ £-bn-∏n-®-Xv-˛ lq-W≥-am¿

2390. Hm-∏¨ lm≥-Uv tam-Wp-sa‚ v F-hn-sS-bm-Wv ˛ N-Wv-Un-K-Vv

2391. Z-£n-W [p-hw ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂ h≥-I-c-˛-A‚m¿-ń-°

2392. t_m-Uv _m≥-Uv C‚¿-s\-‰v A-Iv-k-kv \n-b-a-]-c-am-b A-h-Im-i-am-°n-b B-Zy cm-Pyw-˛ ^n≥-e≥-Uv

2393. Z-£n-W ssN-\m-°-S¬ G-Xv Zzo-]n-s‚`m-K-am-Wv-˛-]-k-^n-Iv k-ap-Zw

2394. B-Zy- A-ta-cn-°≥- ]-kn-U-≠v-˛ tPm¿-Pv- hm-jn-Mv-S¨-

2395. C-¥y-bn-se [m-Xp ]-cy-th-j-W-Øn-\vNp-a-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈ k¿-°m¿ÿm-]-\w-˛ Pn-tbm-f-Pn-°¬ k¿-th Hm-^v C-¥y

2396. C-¥y-bn-se \-Zn-I-fn¬ G-‰-hpw A-]-I-S-Im-cn-sb-∂p hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-˛ tIm-kn

2397. C-¥y-bn¬ \-Zn-bn-ep-≈ G-‰-hpw \o-fw-Iq-Sn-b ]m-e-am-b a-lm-flm-Km-‘n tk-Xp (5575 ao.)F-hn-sS-bm-Wv ˛-]m-‰v-\

2398. G-Xp cm-jv-S-]-Xn-bm-Wv B ÿm-\-sØ-Øpw-ap-ºv tI-c-f K-h¿-W-dm-bn tk-h-\-a-\p-jvTn-®n-´p-≈-Xv-˛ hn.hn.Kn-cn

2399. A-øm ssh-Ip-WvT-cp-sS _m-ey-Im-e-\m-aw-˛ ap-Øp-°p-ń

2400. h-°w au-e-hn A-¥-cn-® h¿-jw-˛ 1932

tNmZy-ßƒ ]eXv DØcw 9* _n-tYm-h≥ c-Nn-® knw-^-Wn-I-fp-sS F-Æw* F-Xmw ]-©-h-’-c ]-≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv tI-c-f k¿-°m¿ P-\-Io-bm-kq-X-Ww sIm-

≠p-h-∂-Xv* ]-ip-hn-s‚ K¿- -Im-ew F-X am-k-am-Wv* c-≠mw tN-c km-am-Pyw F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ Ip-e-ti-J-c km-am-Pyw ÿm-]n-X-am-b-Xv

F-Xmw \q-‰m-≠n-em-Wv* tX-Pv _-lm-Zq¿ (1621--.˛1675) F-Xm-a-sØ kn-Jv Kp-cp-hm-Wv* C-¥ym-N-cn-X-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ Xq-°p-]m¿-e-sa‚v F-Xm-a-sØ ]m¿-e-sa‚m-bn-cp-∂p* t_-kv _mƒ So-an-se I-fn-°m-cp-sS F-Æw* Xn-tIm-W kv-Xq-]n-I-bp-sS h-°p-I-fp-sS F-Æw* A-¥m-cm-jv-S-\o-Xn \ym-b tIm-S-Xn-bn-se P-Uv-Pn-bp-sS Im-em-h-[n F-X h¿-jw* tI-c-f-Øn-se cm-Py-k- m ko-‰p-I-fp-sS F-Æw* kq-cy-\pw K-l-ß-fpw Dƒ-s∏-sS ku-c-bq-Y-Øn¬ F-X Aw-K-ß-fp-≠v* `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS H-∂mw t`-Z-K-Xn-bn-eq-sS Iq-ń-t®-°-s∏-´ ]-ń-I* -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS F-Xm-a-sØ `m-K-Øn-em-Wv (]m¿- v) ]-©m-b-Øp-I-sf-°p-dn-®v

]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-Xv* C-¥y-bn-se G-‰-hpw sN-dn-b Pn-√-bm-b am-ln-bp-sS hn-kv-Xo¿-Ww F-X N-Xp-c-i

In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv

Koala bp-sS C-jv-S-`-£-Ww bq-°m-en-]v-‰-kv C-e-I-fm-Wv. Pn-dm- n-\p ]n-bw A-t°-jy-bn-e-I-fm-Wv.a-’y-ß-sf im-kv-Xo-b-am-bn h-f¿-Øp-∂ co-Xn-bm-Wv ]n-kn-Iƒ-®¿.a-’y-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\-am-WvC-‡n-tbm-f-Pn. au-em-\m A-_p¬ I-emw B-km-Zn-s‚ P-∑-Zn-\-am-b \-hw-_¿ 11 tZ-io-b hn-Zym- ym-k Zn-\-am-bpw (Na-tional Education Day)tUm. km-enw A-en-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\-am-b \-hw-_¿ 12 tZ-io-b ]-£n Zn-\-am-bpw(National Bird Day)B-N-cn-°p-∂p. ]n.kn. a-l-e-t\m-_n-kn-s‚P-∑-Zn-\-am-b Pq¨ 29 Ãm-‰n-‰n-Iv-kv Zn-\-am-bn B-N-cn-°p-∂p.

CONFUSING FACTS tNmZy-ßƒ ]eXv DØcw 10C-¥y≥ ]-kn-U‚m-b F-Xm-a-sØ hy-‡n-bm-Wv sI.B¿.\m-cm-b-W≥ssZ-hw tam-i-bv-°v F-X I-ev-]-\-I-fm-Wv sIm-Sp-Ø-Xvhn-h-cm-h-Im-i \n-b-a-]-Im-cw hn-h-cw e- n-°m≥ F-X cq-]-bm-Wv ô-skm-Sp-t°-≠-XvPm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS D-Zv- -h-sØ-°p-dn-®v ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂ ]p-cp-j-kq-‡w E-tKz-Z-Øn-se F-Xm-a-sØ a-Wv-U-e-Øn-em-WvF-Xm-a-sØ hm¿-jn-I-am-Wv Sn≥ B-\n-th-gv-k-dnC-¥y≥ -c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS F-X-am-sØ ]- n-I-bn-em-Wv Iq-dp-am-‰ \n-tcm-[-\ \n-b-aw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-XvsF-Iy-cm-jv-S c-£m-k-an-Xn-bn-se Xm-Xv-Im-en-I Aw-K-ß-fp-sS F-ÆwE-tKz-Z-Øn-\v F-X a-Wv-U-e-ßƒ D-≠vF-X Izn‚-em-Wv H-cp S¨F-X h¿-j-sØ C-S-th-f-bn-em-Wv C-¥y-bn¬ sk≥-k-kv F-Sp-°p-∂-XvH-cp In-°-‰v am-®n¬ F-Sp-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂ ]-c-am-h-[n hn-°-‰p-I-fp-sS F-ÆwF-Xm-a-sØ kn-Jv-Kp-cp-hm-bn-cp-∂p A-h-km-\-sØ kn-Jv-Kp-cp-hm-bn-cp-∂ tKm-_n-µv kn-Mv

Fw.hn-tiz-iz-c-ø-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\-am-b sk-]v-Xw-_¿ 15 B-Wv C-¥y-bn¬ F-©n-\o-tb-gv-kv Zn-\-am-bnB-N-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tUm._n-[m≥ N-µ tdm-bn-bp-sS P-∑-Zn-\-am-b Pq-em-bv H-∂v B-Wv tUm-Iv-tS-gv-kvZn-\-am-bn B-N-cn-°p-∂-Xv.D-c-K-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\-am-Wvsl¿-∏-t‰m-f-Pn. ]m-ºp-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]T-\w Hm-^n-tbm-f-Pn.N-cn-X-Øn-s‚ ]n-Xm-sh-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv Ko-°v ]-Wv-Un-X-\m-b sl-tdm-tUm- -kv (_n.kn.484˛425) B-Wv . A-tem-∏-Xn-bp-sS ]n-Xm-sh-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv Ko-°v `n-j-Kz-c-\m-b ln-t∏m-Im-‰-kv B-Wv. B-[p-\n-I N-cn-X-Øn-s‚ ]n-Xm-hv F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv en-tbm-t]mƒ-Uvthm¨ dm-s¶ B-Wv.

CONFUSING FACTS

Views and ideas expressed in the articles published in PSC Bulletin are not, necessarily, those of the Commission. Edited and Published by Saju George, SecretaryKerala Public Service Commission on behalf of Kerala Public Service Commission and Printed by him at P. Krishna Pillai Memorial Printing & Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram.

PSC BULLETINFortnightly

1. R.N. 44588/86 Reg. No. KL/TV (N)34/2015-172. Licence No. for posting without pre payment - KL/TV(N)/WPP/165/2015-17

Rupees 5.00June 1, 2015

ImeXmakwIqSmsX e`yamIp∂Xn\v \nßfpsS t]cpw hnemkhpwCAPITAL LETTERS ¬ ]n≥tImUv klnXw FgpXm≥ i≤n°pI.

GP≥-kn-Iƒ-£Wn-°p-∂p-

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]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥tIcf ]ªnIv k¿hokv IΩojs‚ HutZymKnI ]kn≤oIcWamb ssZzhmcnI

X]m¬ hcn°m-cm-Iq-.-...- 30 e°ßƒ 100 cq]bv-°v- t\Sq... (30 x 5 = 150/-)

h-cn-kw-Jy- I-Ωn-j-s‚- B-ÿm-\- Hm-ô-kn-epw- F-√m-ta-J-em-˛-Pn-√m- Hm-ô-kp-I-fn-epw- t\-cn-´v- kzo-I-cn-°p∂p.-a-Wn-tbm¿-U-dm-bn- h-cn-kw-Jy- H-Sp-°p-∂-h¿-\q-dv- (100)- cq-]- A-b-bv-t°-≠- hn-em-kw-:-

PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICER,KERALA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION,

PATTOM, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM,PIN 695 004

(sN°v, Un.Un,- t]m-kv-‰¬- Hm¿U¿- F∂nh kzoImcya√)

Adn-bn-∏v--]n-F-kv-kn- _p-≈‰n≥- ""cPX Pq-_n-en-

]Xn-∏v- ''- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv-

IΩo-js‚ Hu-tZym-Kn-I sh_v-ssk‰m-bwww.keralapsc.gov.in - ¬- E Book -Bbn-]kn-≤o-Icn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-

At\zjWßƒ°v - -0471 2546270

a¬-kc ]co-£Ifp-sS Xøm-sdSp-∏p-Iƒ- ]n- Fkv-kn- _p≈‰n-t\m-sSm-∏w-F√m- e°ßfn-epw- Bbn-ctØm-fw- (1000)- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b tNm-tZym-Øcßƒ-1000 tNm-tZy-m-ØcßfSßn-b Hcp- ]kn-≤o-IcWØn-\v- hn-]Wn-bn¬- Rs. 25/- tesd hn-e hcp-tºmƒ- ]n-Fkv-kn- _p-≈‰n≥- shdpw- 5 cq-]bv-°v- \n-ßƒ-°v- e`n-°p-∂p.-

""50 cq-] em- n-°q...-''- ( 100/-)

30,-000˛tesd s]m-Xp-hn-⁄m-\ tNm-tZym-Øcßƒ- 100 cq-]bv-°v-

C-¥y-bp-sS- _-ln-cm-Im-i- K-th-j-W- tI-µw- (sF.-F-kv.-B¿.-H-)- kz-¥-am-bn- kv-t]-kv- j-ń¬- \n¿-an-°p-∂p.- C-s°m-√w-Pq-em-bv- ]-Ip-Xn-tbm-sS- _-ln-cm-Im-i-°-∏-en-s‚- ]-co-£-W-hn-t£-]-W-ap-≠m-Ipw.- H-∂n-te-sd-X-h-W- D-]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂- Cu- hm-l-\-Øn-\v- do-bp-k-_nƒ-tem-©v- sh-ln-°nƒ- (B¿-.-F¬.-hn.-Sn.-Un.-)- F-∂m-Wv- t]-cv.- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-hn-Iw- km-cm-`m-bv- kv-t]-kv- sk-‚-dn¬-C-Xn-s‚- A-h-km-\-h-´- \n¿-am-W-]-hr-Øn-Iƒ- \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.-]m-No-\- a-\p-jy-h¿-K-ßƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-sX-∂v- I-cp-Xp-∂- in-em-bp-[-ßƒ-B-^n-°-bn¬- sI-\n-b-bn¬-\n-∂v- K-th-j-I¿- I-s≠-Øn.- 33 e-£w- h¿-jw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- A-h,- B-[p-\n-I- tlm-tam- h¿-Kw- `q-ap-J-Øv- D-cp-Øn-cn-bp-∂-Xn-\pw- ap-ºp-≈-h-bm-Wv.- h-S-°-≥ sI-\n-b-bn-se-Xp¿-°m-\- X-Sm-I-Xo-c-Øp-\n-∂v- I-s≠-Sp-Ø- B- ]m-No-\- in-em-bp-[-ßƒ,- C-Xn-\v- ap-ºv- I-s≠-Øn-bn- p-≈- G-Xv- B-bp-[-sØ-°m-fpw- G-gp-e-£w- h-¿-jw- Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-g-°-ap-≈-h-bm-Wv.- \-c-hw-i-Øn¬-tlm-tam-bv-°pw- ap-ºp-≈- Hm-kv-S-tem-]n-Ø-°-kv- A- m-sd-≥kn-kv- (Australopithecusafarensis),- sI-\n-b-tXm-∏-kv- πm-‰n-tbm-

∏v-kv ( Kenyanthropus pltayops )- Xp-S-ßn-b- h¿-§-ßƒ,- \-Ωƒ- I-cp-Xp-∂-Xn-epw-Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-cn-jv-°m-cn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p- F-∂m-Wv- ]p-Xn-b- I-s≠-Ø¬- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.-cm-Py-sØ- A-Sp-Ø- ]-Xn-tcm-[- sk-I-´-dn-bm-bn- a-e-bm-fn- sF.-F.-F-kv- D-tZym-

K-ÿ-≥ Pn.-tam-l-≥Ip-am¿- ÿm-\-ta¬-°pw.-\n-e-hn¬- ]-Xn-tcm-[-a-¥m-e-b-Øn¬- Un-^-≥kv- s]m-U-£-≥ sk-I--dn-bm-Wv- C-t±-lw.- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- kz-

tZ-in-bm-b- tam-l-≥Ip-am¿- 1979 _m-®v-H-Un-j- tI-U-dn-se- sF.-F.-F-kv- D-tZym-K-ÿ-\m-Wv.-P-\o-h-bn¬- em¿-Pv- lm-tUm-¨- sIm-ssf-U-dn¬- (F¬.-F-®v.-kn-)- \-S-°p-∂- I-Wn-Im-]-co-£-W-Øn¬- A-Xy-]q¿-∆- I-

W-Øn-s‚- km-∂n-[yw- B-Zy-am-bn- \n-co-£n-®p.- "I-s≠-Øm-≥ lo-§v-kv- t_m-tkm-Wn-s\-°mƒ- ssh-j-ay-ta-dn-b-'- I-W-Øn-s‚- A-]-N-b-am-Wv- Xn-cn-®-dn-™-Xv.- F¬.-F-®v.-kn-bn-se- c-≠v- hy-Xy-kv-X- ]-co-£-W-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p-≈- -e-ßƒ-kw-tbm-Pn-∏n-®m-Wv,- "kv-tS-©v- _n- ao-k-¨-'- (Bs meson)- F-∂- I-Ww- I-Wn-Im-]-co-£-W-Øn¬- ]-Xy-£-s∏-´- Im-

cyw- K-th-j-I¿- ÿn-co-I-cn-®-Xv.- ]-]-

©-L-S-\- kq-£v-a-X-e-Øn¬- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂- "Ãm-≥tU¿-Uv- tam-U¬-'- kn-≤m-¥w- A-\p-k-cn-®v,- \q-dp-tIm-Sn- I-Wn-Im-A-]-N-b-ßƒ-°n-sS- sh-dpw- \m-ep- X-h-W- am-Xw- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sm-≥ km-[y-X-bp-≈- I-W-am-Wn-Xv.- Ãm-≥tU¿-Uv- tam-U¬-Cu- I-Ww- ]-h-Nn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw,- C-Xp-h-sc- H-cp- I-Wn-Im-]-co-£-W-Øn-epw-kv-tS-©v- _n- ao-k-Wn-\v- A-]-N-bw- kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv- \n-co-£n-°m-≥ K-th-j-I-tem-I-Øn-\m-bn-ń.- F¬.-F-®v.-kn-bn-se-"tImw-]m-Œv- ayp-thm-¨- tkm-fn-t\m-bv-Uv-'- (CMS-),- "em¿-Pv- lm-tUm-Wv- sIm-ssf-U¿- _yq-ń-'- (LHCb -)- F-∂o- ]-co-£-W-ß-fn¬- 2011,- 2012 h¿-j-ß-fn¬- e- n-®-tU-‰- hn-i-I-e-\w- sN-bv-Xm-Wv- A-]q¿-∆-I-W-Øn-s‚- A-]-N-bw- ÿn-co-I-cn-®-Xv.-I-ºyq-´¿- D-]-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS- ti-jn- e-£-°-W-°n-\v- a-S-ßv- h¿-[n-∏n-°m-≥ k-

lm-bn-°p-∂- ]p-Xn-b- am¿-Kw- hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬- K-th-j-I¿- hn-P-bn-®p.- C-e-tŒm-Wp-Iƒ-°v- ]-I-cw- ]-Im-i-Øn-s‚-k-lm-b-tØm-sS- I-ºyq-ń-Mv- km-[y-am-°m-\p-≈- k-t¶-X-am-Wv- A-ta-cn-°-bn¬-bp- m- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn-se- a-e-bm-fn- K-th-j-I-\m-b- cm-tP-jv- ta-t\m-\pw- kw-L-hpw- hn-I-kn-∏n-®-Xv.- X-e-ap-Sn-\m-cn-s‚-A-º-Xn-sem-∂v- am-Xw- I-\-ap-≈- kq-£v-a -D-]-I-c-Ww- h-gn- ]-Im-i-sØ- c-≠v- hy-Xy-kv-X- C-≥^¿-ta-j-≥ [m-c-I-fm-bn-th¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-em-Wv- kw-Lw- hn-P-bn-®-Xv.- ]-Im-i-X-cw-K-ß-sf- th¿-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Im-cy-Øn¬- C-Xp-h-sc- km-[y-am-b-Xn¬- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- D-]-I-c-W-am-b- "-Aƒ-Sm-tImw-]m-Œv- _ow-kv-πn-‰-¿ -' (utlracompactbeamsplitter)- B-Wv- K-th-j-I¿- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.-lw-K-dn- t\m-h-en-Ãv- e-kv-tem- I-kv-\m-tlm¿-s°-bv-°v- am-≥ _p-°¿- C-‚¿-\m-j-\¬- km-ln-Xy- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw.- tem-I-sØ- 10 ]-ap-J- F-gp-Øp-Im-sc-bm-Wv- A-dp-]-sØm-∂p-Im-c-\m-b- I-kv-\m-tlm¿-s°- ]n-¥-≈n-b-Xv.- 60,-000 ]u-≠v- (G-I-tZ-iw- 59,-680,-58 cq-]-)- B-Wv- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øp-I.- B-dmw- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-am-Wv- C-Xv.-

vol. 26 issue 19 fortnightly june 1, 2015 page 24 eivnd¿ c ...vol. 26 issue 19 fortnightly june 1,...

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