voip adsl router (sip) draft discus... · advantages of using voip the main advantage of voip the...

ARV3515J-A-GPMarch 2005

150000007300J

VoIP ADSL Router (SIP)DRAFT

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1About the VoIP ADSL Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1Voice over IP (VoIP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4VoIP Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1Package Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5Hardware Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

ADSL Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7Fast Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7USB Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7FXS Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7

ISP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8Connect the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8

Connect the ADSL Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8Phone Line Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9Attach to Your Network Using Ethernet Cabling . . . . . . . . . . 2-11Connect the Power Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

3 Configuring The Client PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1TCP/IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Configuring Your Computer in Windows 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3Obtain IP Settings From Your VoIP Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5Manual IP Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7Configuring Your Computer in Windows XP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9Disable HTTP Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14

Configuring Your Macintosh Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15Disable HTTP Proxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

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4 Configuring the VoIP ADSL Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1Navigating the Web Browser Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Making Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3Setup Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4Parameter Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5Parameter Setting - Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6Confirm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Advanced Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14Making Configuration Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15System Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Time Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16Password Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17Remote Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18DNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

WAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20ATM PVC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20ATM Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22Clone MAC Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26NAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

NAT Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28Address Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29Virtual Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30Special Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31NAT Mapping Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34Static Route Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34RIP Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-38

Firewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-40Access Control Add PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41MAC Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42URL Blocking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43Schedule Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44Edit Schedule Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-45

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Intrusion Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46DMZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-51

SNMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-52Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-52Trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53

ADSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-54ADSL Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-54Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55

VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-58Port Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-58SIP Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-60VoIP Advanced Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-62Port Advanced Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-65Dialing Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66Quick Dialing Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-67VoIP Status and Call Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-68

UPnP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-69QoS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-70

QoS Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-70Traffic Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-72Edit Traffic Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-73Edit Traffic Class - Advanced Config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-74Traffic Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-75

DDNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78

Configuration Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78Firmware Upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-79Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-80

Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-81

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A Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1

B Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-1Ethernet Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1Wiring Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1

RJ-45 Port Ethernet Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-2Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-3

ADSL Cable Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5Wiring Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-5

C Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION

Congratulations on your purchase of the VoIP ADSL Router (ARV3515J-A-GP), hereafter referred to as the VoIP Router. We are proud to provide you with a powerful yet simple communication device for connecting your local area network (LAN) to the Internet. For those who want to surf the Internet in the most secure way, this router provides a convenient and powerful solution. The VoIP Router also enables service providers to provide their residential and small office home office (SOHO) customers with high-quality VoIP service using traditional analog telephones and fax machines.

About the VoIP ADSL RouterThe VoIP Router provides Internet access to multiple users by sharing a single-user account. It is a cost-efficient means for service providers to migrate their customers’ traditional analog telephones and fax machines onto IP-based networks. This new technology provides many secure and cost-effective functions. It is simple to configure and can be up and running in minutes.

VOICE OVER IP (VOIP)

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Voice over IP (VoIP)

An IntroductionUsing Voice over IP (VoIP), instead of making calls over the regular telephone network, calls are made over computer (IP) networks, either through your Internet Service Provider’s connection or through your local network. Calls made to another Internet telephone, anywhere in the world, are generally free, while calls made to a regular telephone are generally much cheaper than traditional long distance calls.

The basic steps involved in VoIP include the conversion of an analog voice signal to digital, the encoding and then compression of the signal into Internet Protocol (IP) packets. The VoIP Router is equipped with a digital signal processor (DSP), which segments the voice signal into frames and stores them in voice packets. Using the industry standard codecs, G.711, G.723.3 and G.729, these packets are encoded. These IP packets are then transmitted in accordance with International Telecommunications Union specification SIP over the Internet to their destination where the process is reversed.

Advantages of Using VoIPThe main advantage of VoIP the traditional Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) is the ability to make low-cost calls over the IP network. One of the greatest benefits is local long distance. By using a virtual phone number with a different area code, you can keep a phone number in Washington D.C. even though you live in San Francisco. This way, you won’t pay expensive toll charges when calling Washington D.C., nor will your Washington D.C. friends when they call you.

Past ProblemsInternet-based telephony has been around for years but, until now, has not reached the mainstream market. Some of the most common problems are listed on the next page.

INTRODUCTION

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• Products with a true cost-saving advantage over standard telephones do not have comparable call quality. Users experience a prolonged delay making conversation difficult.

• Call-completion rates are very low due to firewalls and the use of Network Address Translation (NAT), which renders over 50% of residential computers unable to communicate with traditional VoIP software.

• The user interface is complicated, and requires substantial configuration and technical skills.

Recent DevelopmentsEven as streaming audio and video over the Internet became common, VoIP quality was still sub-par. What, you may ask, is the reason for this? While it’s relatively easy to convert a song or even a video into IP-based packets and have it arrive in decent shape, the Internet was not designed as a two-way street, i.e., to support two-way communications as in your typical conversation. Early VoIP calls were much like walkie-talkie speech, halting and unsynchronized. A common trick was to let the other speaker know you had finished talking by ending your statement with the word “Over.” For example,

“How are you today? Over.”“Not too good, I think I’ve the flu. Are you busy? Over.”

This method was effective, but hardly conducive to a comfortable conversation! Therefore, substantial cost savings, although attractive, were not enough to make up for unacceptably poor call quality. Now, however, thanks to dedicated hardware processing and protocols like SIP, VoIP can be as smooth as a session that uses the regular telephone network, greatly increasing its appeal.

Equally as important to VoIP’s recent surge has been the widespread adoption of broadband in both homes and businesses, which delivers the bandwidth required to come close to PSTN quality.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

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Features and Benefits• Internet connection to an ADSL modem via an RJ-11 ADSL port

• Local network connection via four 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports

• DHCP for dynamic IP configuration, and DNS for domain name mapping

• Firewall with Stateful Packet Inspection, client privileges, intrusion detection, and NAT

• NAT also enables multi-user Internet access via a single user account, and virtual server functionality (providing protected access to Internet services such as web, FTP, email, and Telnet)

• VPN pass-through (IPSec-ESP Tunnel mode, L2TP, PPTP)

• User-definable application sensing tunnel supports applications requiring multiple connections

• Easy setup through a web browser on any operating system that supports TCP/IP

• Compatible with all popular Internet applications

VoIP Features and Benefits• Two independent phone lines (FXS)

• Full SIP support

• Voice Activity Detection (VAD) conserves bandwidth

• Quality of Service (QoS) provides superior voice quality

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ApplicationsMany advanced networking features are provided by the VoIP Router:

• VoIP Telephony

The VoIP Router has two analog voice lines (FXS) that support independent telephone numbers. The voice ports interface directly with analog telephones or fax machines. Advanced VoIP features include, QoS, support for call waiting and call forwarding, caller ID and VAD.

• Wired LAN

The VoIP Router provides connectivity to 10/100 Mbps devices, making it easy to create a network in small offices or homes.

• Internet Access

This device supports Internet access through an ADSL connection. Since many ADSL providers use PPPoE or PPPoA to establish communications with end users, the VoIP Router includes built-in clients for these protocols, eliminating the need to install these services on your computer.

• Shared IP Address

The VoIP Router provides Internet access for up to 253 users via a single shared IP address. Using only one ISP account, multiple users on your network can browse the web at the same time.

• Virtual Server

If you have a fixed IP address, you can set the VoIP Router to act as a virtual host for network address translation. Remote users access various services at your site using a constant IP address. Then, depending on the requested service (or port number), the VoIP

APPLICATIONS

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Router can route the request to the appropriate server (at another internal IP address). This secures your network from direct attack by hackers, and provides more flexible management by allowing you to change internal IP addresses without affecting outside access to your network.

• DMZ Host Support

Allows a networked computer to be fully exposed to the Internet. This function is used when NAT and firewall security prevent an Internet application from functioning correctly.

• Security

The VoIP Router supports security features that deny Internet access to specified users, or filter all requests for specific services that the administrator does not want to serve. The VoIP Router’s firewall also blocks common hacker attacks, including IP Spoofing, Land Attack, Ping of Death, IP with zero length, Smurf Attack, UDP port loopback, Snork Attack, TCP null scan, and TCP SYN flooding.

• Virtual Private Network (VPN Pass-through)

The VoIP Router supports three of the most commonly used VPN protocols – PPTP, L2TP, and IPSec. The VPN protocols supported by the VoIP Router are briefly described below.

• Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol – Provides a secure tunnel for remote client access to a PPTP security gateway. PPTP includes provisions for call origination and flow control required by ISPs.

• L2TP merges the best features of PPTP and L2F – Like PPTP, L2TP requires that the ISP’s routers support the protocol.

• IP Security – Provides IP network-layer encryption. IPSec can support large encryption networks (such as the Internet) by using digital certificates for device authentication.

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CHAPTER 2INSTALLATION

Before installing the VoIP ADSL Router, verify that you have all the items listed under “Package Contents.” If any of the items are missing or damaged, contact your local distributor. Also be sure that you have all the necessary cabling before installing the VoIP Router. After installing the VoIP Router, refer to “Configuring the VoIP ADSL Router” on page 4-1.

Package ContentsAfter unpacking the VoIP Router, check the contents of the box to be sure you have received the following components:

• VoIP ADSL Router

• Power adapter

• One CAT-5 Ethernet cable

• Telephone patch cable

• One driver and documentation CD

• Quick Install Guide

Immediately inform your dealer in the event of any incorrect, missing, or damaged parts. If possible, please retain the carton and original packing materials in case there is a need to return the product.

INSTALLATION

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System RequirementsYou must meet the following minimum requirements:

• Internet access from your Internet Service Provider (ISP) using an ADSL modem.

• A PC using a dynamic IP address assigned via DHCP, as well as a gateway server address and DNS server address from your service provider.

• A computer equipped with a 10 Mbps, 100 Mbps, or 10/100 Mbps Fast Ethernet card.

• TCP/IP network protocols installed on each PC that will access the Internet.

• A Java-enabled web browser, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.0 or above installed on one PC at your site for configuring the VoIP Router.

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

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Hardware Description The VoIP Router contains an integrated ADSL modem and connects to the Internet or to a remote site using its RJ-11 port. It can be connected directly to your PC or to a local area network using the Fast Ethernet LAN ports. There is also one USB 1.1 connection to connect to your printer or a secondary storage device.

Access speed to the Internet depends on your service type. Full-rate ADSL provides up to 8 Mbps downstream and 640 kbps upstream. G.lite (or splitterless) ADSL provides up to 1.5 Mbps downstream and 512 kbps upstream. However, you should note that the actual rate provided by specific service providers may vary dramatically from these upper limits.

The VoIP Router comes with two FXS ports to connect with a phone or fax, turning your regular phone into an IP phone. Through your telephone or fax, your can dial out through the gateway to another VoIP gateway or IP Phone. It also comes with one FXO port for connection to your PSTN line or PBX.

Data passing between devices connected to your local area network can run at up to 100 Mbps over the four Fast Ethernet ports.

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The VoIP Router connections are described in the following figure and table.

Figure 2-1. Rear Panel

Item Description

ADSL Port ADSL port (RJ-11). Connect your ADSL line to this port.

Power Inlet Connect the included power adapter to this inlet.

Warning: Using the wrong type of power adapter may cause damage.

Reset Button Use this button to reset the power and restore the default factory settings. To reset without losing configuration settings, see “Reset” on page 4-80.

Power Switch Push to power on the device.

USB Port Connect to print server.

LAN Port Fast Ethernet port (RJ-45). Connect devices on your local area network to this port (i.e., a PC, hub, or switch).

FXS Ports RJ-11 port. Connect to standard analog telephone set or fax machine.

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

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LEDsThe VoIP Router includes an LED display for system power and port indications that simplifies installation and network troubleshooting. The power and port LED indicators are explained by the following figure and table.

Figure 2-2. LEDs

LED Status Description

Phone1/2 On VoIP activity, i.e., phone is in use.

Flashing Incoming call, i.e., phone is ringing.

Off No VoIP activity.

VoIP On VoIP activity.

Off No VoIP activity.

USB On USB link.

Off No USB link.

LAN On Ethernet link.

Flashing The LAN port is sending or receiving data.

Off No Ethernet link.

Online Flashing The indicated ADSL port is sending or receiving data.

Off No data being transferred.

Phone1 Phone2 VoIP ONLINE ADSL PWRUSB LAN

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ADSL On ADSL connection is functioning correctly.

Flashing Startup.

Off ADSL connection is not established.

PWR(Power)

On The VoIP Router is receiving power. Normal operation.

Off Power off or failure.

LED Status Description

HARDWARE INSTALLATION

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Hardware Installation

ADSL ConnectionConnect your ADSL line to this port.

Fast Ethernet ConnectionConnect a PC to the RJ-45 port on the VoIP Router with the provided network cable. When inserting an RJ-45 plug, be sure the tab on the plug clicks into position to ensure that it is properly seated.

The LAN port is dual-speed RJ-45 ports. It supports auto-negotiation, so the optimum communication mode (half or full duplex) and data rate (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps) are selected automatically.

USB ConnectionUsing the USB port, connect to a secondary storage device or printer. This port allows you to, for example, share your USB printer over the network without needing to leave a host PC switched on.

FXS ConnectionConnect a standard analog telephone set or fax machine to either of the FXS ports on the rear panel. The FXS ports are like your local phone service provider in that they can generate and provide a ring signal.

Note: When you have connected a device to the FXS port as you will hear a dial tone provided by the FXS port once the handset is off-hook.

INSTALLATION

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ISP SettingsPlease collect the following information from your ISP before setting up the VoIP Router:

• ISP account user name and password

• Protocol, encapsulation and VPI/VCI circuit numbers

• DNS server address

• IP address, subnet mask and default gateway (for fixed IP users only)

Connect the SystemThe VoIP Router can be positioned at any convenient location in your office or home. No special wiring or cooling requirements are needed. You should, however, comply with the following guidelines:

• Keep the VoIP Router away from any heating devices.

• Do not place the VoIP Router in a dusty or wet environment.

You should also remember to turn off the power, remove the power cord from the outlet, and keep your hands dry when you install the VoIP Router.

Connect the ADSL LineRun standard telephone cable from the wall jack providing ADSL service to the RJ-11 (“ADSL”) port on your VoIP Router. When inserting an ADSL RJ-11 plug, be sure the tab on the plug clicks into position to ensure that it is properly seated. If you are using splitterless ADSL service, be sure you add low-pass filters between the ADSL wall jack and your telephones. (These filters pass voice signals through but filter data signals out.)

CONNECT THE SYSTEM

2-9

Phone Line Configuration

Installing a Full-Rate ConnectionIf you are using a full-rate (G.dmt) connection, your service provider will attach the outside ADSL line to a data/voice splitter. In this case you can connect your phones and computer directly to the splitter as shown below:

Figure 2-3. Installing with a Splitter

Voice

Data

ResidentialConnectionPoint (NID)

Plain OldTelephoneSystem (POTS)

or

Ethernethub or switch

VoIP Router

Splitter

INSTALLATION

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Installing a Splitterless Connection If you are using a splitterless (G.lite) connection, then your service provider will attach the outside ADSL line directly to your phone system. In this case you can connect your phones and computer directly to the incoming ADSL line, but you will have to add low-pass filters to your phones as shown below:

Figure 2-4. Installing without a Splitter

Plain OldTelephoneSystem (POTS)

Filter

or

Ethernethub or switch

Voice& Data

Voice& Data

Data

Voice

VoIP Router

ResidentialConnectionPoint [NetworkInterfaceDevice (NID)]

CONNECT THE SYSTEM

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Attach to Your Network Using Ethernet CablingThe LAN ports on the VoIP Router auto-negotiates the connection speed to 10 Mbps Ethernet or 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet, as well as the transmission mode to half duplex or full duplex.

Use twisted-pair cabling to connect any of the LAN ports on the VoIP Router to an Ethernet adapter on your PC. Otherwise, cascade the LAN port on the VoIP Router to an Ethernet hub or switch, and then connect your PC or other network equipment to the hub or switch. When inserting an RJ-45 connector, be sure the tab on the connector clicks into position to ensure that it is properly seated.

Warning: Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port. This may damage the VoIP Router. Instead, use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform with FCC standards.

Notes: 1. Use 100-ohm shielded or unshielded twisted-pair cable with RJ-45 connectors for all Ethernet ports. Use Category 3, 4, or 5 for connections that operate at 10 Mbps, and Category 5 for connections that operate at 100 Mbps.

2. Make sure each twisted-pair cable length does not exceed 100 meters (328 feet).

INSTALLATION

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Connect the Power AdapterPlug the power adapter into the power socket on the side panel of the VoIP Router, and the other end into a power outlet.

Check the power indicator on the front panel is lit. If the power indicator is not lit, refer to “Troubleshooting” on page A-1.

In case of a power input failure, the VoIP Router will automatically restart and begin to operate once the input power is restored.

If the VoIP Router is properly configured, it will take about 30 seconds to establish a connection with the ADSL service provider after powering up. During this time the Sync indicator will flash. After the ADSL connection has been established, the ADSL Sync LED will stay on.

3-1

CHAPTER 3CONFIGURING THE

CLIENT PC

After completing hardware setup by connecting all your network devices, you need to configure your computer to connect to the VoIP ADSL Router. First determine how your ISP issues your IP address. Many ISPs issue these numbers automatically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Other ISPs provide a static IP address and associated numbers, which you must enter manually. How your ISP assigns your IP address determines how you need to configure your computer.

Depending on your operating system see:

“Configuring Your Computer in Windows 2000” on page 3-3,

“Configuring Your Computer in Windows XP” on page 3-9, or

“Configuring Your Macintosh Computer” on page 3-15.

TCP/IP CONFIGURATION

3-2

TCP/IP ConfigurationTo access the Internet through the VoIP Router, you must configure the network settings of the computers on your LAN to use the same IP subnet as the VoIP Router. The default network settings for the VoIP Router are:

IP Address: 192.168.2.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0

Note: These settings can be changed to fit your network requirements, but you must first configure at least one computer to access the VoIP Router’s web configuration interface in order to make the required changes. (See “Configuring the VoIP ADSL Router” on page 4-1 for instruction on configuring the VoIP Router.)

CONFIGURING THE CLIENT PC

3-3

Configuring Your Computer in Windows 2000

DHCP IP Configuration1. On the Windows desktop,

click Start/Settings/Network and Dial-Up Connections.

2. Click the icon that corresponds to the connection to your VoIP Router.

3. The connection status screen will open. Click Properties.


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4. Double-click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).

5. If Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are already selected, your computer is already configured for DHCP. If not, please select these options now. Click Cancel to close each window.


3-5

Obtain IP Settings From Your VoIP RouterNow that you have configured your computer to connect to your VoIP Router, it needs to obtain new network settings. By releasing old DHCP IP settings and renewing them with settings from your VoIP Router, you can verify that you have configured your computer correctly.

1. On the Windows desktop, click Start/Programs/Accessories/Command Prompt.

2. In the Command Prompt window, type “IPCONFIG /RELEASE” and press the Enter key.


3-6

3. Type “IPCONFIG /RENEW” and press the Enter key. Verify that your IP Address is now 192.168.2.xxx, your Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0 and your Default Gateway is 192.168.2.254. These values confirm that your VoIP Router is functioning.

4. Type “EXIT” and press the Enter key to close the Command Prompt window.


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Manual IP Configuration1. Follow steps 1-4 in “DHCP IP Configuration” on page 3-3.

2. Select Use the following IP address automatically radio button. Enter an IP address based on the default network 192.168.2.x (where x is between 2 and 254), use 255.255.255.0 for the subnet mask and the IP address of the VoIP Router (default: 192.168.2.1) for the Default gateway field.

3. Select Use the following DNS server addresses radio button.

4. Enter the IP address for the VoIP Router in the Preferred DNS server field. This automatically relays DNS requests to the DNS server(s) provided by your ISP. Otherwise, add a specific DNS server into the Alternate DNS Server field and click OK to close the dialog boxes.

5. Record the configured information in the following table.

TCP/IP Configuration SettingIP Address ____.____.____.____Subnet Mask ____.____.____.____Preferred DNS Server ____.____.____.____Alternate DNS Server ____.____.____.____Default Gateway ____.____.____.____


3-8

Disable HTTP ProxyYou need to verify that the “HTTP Proxy” feature of your web browser is disabled. This is so that your browser can view the VoIP Router’s HTML configuration pages.

Your computer is now configured to connect to the VoIP Router.


3-9

Configuring Your Computer in Windows XP

DHCP IP Configuration1. On the Windows desktop,

click Start/Control Panel.

2. In the Control Panel window, click Network and Internet Connections.

3. The Network Connections window will open. Locate and double-click the Local Area Connection icon for the Ethernet adapter that is connected to the VoIP Router.

4. In the connection status screen, click Properties.


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5. Double-click Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).

6. If Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain DNS server address automatically are already selected, your computer is already configured for DHCP. (If not, please select these options now.) Click Cancel to close each window.


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Obtain IP Settings From Your VoIP RouterNow that you have configured your computer to connect to your VoIP Router, it needs to obtain new network settings. By releasing old DHCP IP settings and renewing them with settings from your VoIP Router, you can verify that you have configured your computer correctly.

1. On the Windows desktop, click Start/Programs/Accessories/Command Prompt.

2. In the Command Prompt window, type “IPCONFIG /RELEASE” and press the Enter key.


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3. Type “IPCONFIG /RENEW” and press the Enter key. Verify that your IP Address is now 192.168.2.xxx, your Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0 and your Default Gateway is 192.168.2.1. These values confirm that your VoIP Router is functioning.

Type “EXIT” and press the Enter key to close the Command Prompt window.


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Manual IP Configuration1. Follow steps 1-5 in “DHCP IP Configuration” on page 3-9.

2. Select Use the following IP Address.

3. Enter an IP address based on the default network 192.168.2.x (where x is between 2 and 254), use 255.255.255.0 for the subnet mask and the IP address of the VoIP Router (default: 192.168.2.1) for the default gateway field.

4. Select Use the following DNS server addresses.

5. Enter the IP address for the VoIP Router in the Preferred DNS server field. This automatically relays DNS requests to the DNS server(s) provided by your ISP. Otherwise, add a specific DNS server into the Alternate DNS Server field and click OK to close the dialog boxes.

6. Record the configured information in the following table.

TCP/IP Configuration SettingIP Address ____.____.____.____Subnet Mask ____.____.____.____Preferred DNS Server ____.____.____.____Alternate DNS Server ____.____.____.____Default Gateway ____.____.____.____


3-14

Disable HTTP ProxyYou need to verify that the “HTTP Proxy” feature of your web browser is disabled. This is so that your browser can view the VoIP Router’s HTML configuration pages.

Your computer is now configured to connect to the VoIP Router.


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Configuring Your Macintosh ComputerYou may find that the instructions here do not exactly match your operating system. This is because these steps and screen shots were created using Mac OS 10.2. Mac OS 7.x and above are similar, but may not be identical to Mac OS 10.2.

Follow these instructions:

1. Pull down the Apple Menu . Click System Preferences.

2. Double-click the Network icon in the Systems Preferences window.

CONFIGURING YOUR MACINTOSH COMPUTER

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3. If Using DHCP Server is already selected in the Configure field, your computer is already configured for DHCP. If not, select this option.

4. Your new settings are shown in the TCP/IP tab. Verify that your IP Address is now 192.168.2.xxx, your Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0 and your Default Gateway is 192.168.2.1. These values confirm that your VoIP Router is functioning properly.

5. Close the Network window.

Now your Macintosh computer is configured to connect to the VoIP Router.


3-17

Disable HTTP ProxyYou need to verify that the “HTTP Proxy” feature of your web browser is disabled. This is so that your browser can view the VoIP Router’s HTML configuration pages. The following steps are for Internet Explorer.

Internet Explorer1. Open Internet Explorer and click the Stop

button. Click Explorer/Preferences.

2. In the Internet Explorer Preferences window, under Network, select Proxies.

3. Uncheck all check boxes and click OK.

Now your Macintosh computer is configured to connect to the VoIP Router.

CONFIGURING YOUR MACINTOSH COMPUTER

3-18

4-1

CHAPTER 4CONFIGURING THE VOIP

ADSL ROUTER

After you have configured TCP/IP on a client computer, use a web browser to configure the VoIP ADSL Router. The VoIP Router can be configured by any Java-supported browser such as Internet Explorer 4.0 or above. Using the web management interface, you may configure the VoIP Router and view statistics to monitor network activity.

To access the VoIP Router’s management interface, enter the IP address of the VoIP Router in your web browser:http://192.168.2.1(The VoIP Router automatically switches to Port 88 for management access.) Then click LOGIN. (By default there is no password.)

http://192.168.2.1

CONFIGURING THE VOIP ADSL ROUTER

4-2

Navigating the Web Browser InterfaceThe VoIP Router’s management interface consists of a Setup Wizard and an Advanced Setup section.

Setup Wizard: Use the Setup Wizard if you want to quickly set up the VoIP Router. Go to “Setup Wizard” on page 4-4.

Advanced Setup: Advanced Setup supports more advanced functions like hacker attack detection, IP and MAC address filtering, virtual server setup, virtual DMZ host, as well as other functions. Go to “Advanced Setup” on page 4-14.

NAVIGATING THE WEB BROWSER INTERFACE

4-3

Making Configuration ChangesConfigurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a configuration change has been made on a page, be sure to click the Save Settings or NEXT button at the bottom of the page to enable the new setting.

Note: To ensure proper screen refresh after a command entry, be sure that Internet Explorer 5.0 is configured as follows: Under the menu Tools/Internet Options/General/Temporary Internet Files/Settings..., the setting for “Check for newer versions of stored pages” should be Every visit to the page.


4-4

Setup Wizard

Getting StartedClick on the Setup Wizard, the first item in the left-hand menu. The first item in the Setup Wizard is Getting Started.

To begin the configuration process, click NEXT.

SETUP WIZARD

4-5

Parameter SettingIn Parameter Setting, select the country and the Internet Service Provider (ISP). This will automatically configure the VoIP Router with the correct Protocol, Encapsulation and VPI/VCI settings for your ISP.

If your Country or Internet Service Provider is not listed you will need to manually enter settings. Go to “Parameter Setting - Others” on page 4-6.

Click NEXT to continue to the Confirm settings page, or BACK to change your settings.

Parameter DescriptionCountry Select your country.Internet Service Provider Choose your ISP.Protocol Select the Internet sharing protocol you wish to use.Management IP Address IP address of the device.


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Parameter Setting - OthersIf your Country is not listed you will need to manually enter settings. Select Others from the drop-down menu.

For manual configuration you will need to know the Protocol, DNS Server, Encapsulation and VPI/VCI settings used by your ISP. If you have a Static IP address you will also need to know the IP address, Subnet Mask and Gateway address. Please contact your ISP for these details if you do not already have them.


Parameter DescriptionCountry Select your country.Internet Service Provider Choose your ISP.Protocol Select the Internet sharing protocol you wish to use.Management IP Address IP address of the device.

SETUP WIZARD

4-7

ISP use BridgingEnter the Bridging settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionManagement IP Address IP address of the device.VPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual

Circuit Identifier (VCI) supplied by your ISP.Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type used by your ISP

from the drop-down list.


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ISP use 1483 Bridging-DHCPEnter the 1483 Bridging-DHCP settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionDNS Server Domain Name Servers are used to map a domain

name (e.g., www.somesite.com) to the equivalent numerical IP address. Your ISP should provide the IP address of a Domain Name Server. Enter the IP address on this page.

VPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI) supplied by your ISP.

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

SETUP WIZARD

4-9

ISP use 1483 Bridging-Fix IPEnter the 1483 Bridging-Fix IP settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionIP Address Enter your ISP-supplied static IP address here.Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.Default Gateway Enter the gateway address provided by your ISP.DNS Server Domain Name Servers are used to map a domain

name (e.g., www.somesite.com) to the equivalent numerical IP address. Your ISP should provide the IP address of a Domain Name Server. Enter the IP address on this page.

VPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI) supplied by your ISP.

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type used by your ISP from the drop-down list.


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ISP use PPPoEEnter the PPPoE settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionVPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual


from the drop-down list.Username Enter user name.Password Enter password.Confirm Password Confirm password.

SETUP WIZARD

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ISP use PPPoAEnter the PPPoA settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionVPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual


from the drop-down list.Username Enter user name.Password Enter password.Confirm Password Confirm password.


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ISP use 1483 RoutingEnter the 1483 Routing settings provided by your ISP.


Parameter DescriptionIP Address Enter your ISP-supplied static IP address here.Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.Default Gateway Enter the gateway address provided by your ISP.DNS Server Enter the Domain Name Server address.VPI/VCI Enter the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual


from the drop-down list.

SETUP WIZARD

4-13

ConfirmThe Confirm page allows you to view a summary of your configuration settings.

Click FINISH to complete the Setup Wizard, or BACK to make changes.

Your VoIP Router is now set up. If you cannot make a connection to the Internet, go to “Troubleshooting” on page A-1.


4-14

Advanced SetupClicking the Home icon in the top right-hand corner, returns you to the home page. The Logout icon returns you to the login page. The Main Menu links are used to navigate to other menus that display configuration parameters and statistics.

The VoIP Router’s advanced management interface contains 14 main menu items as described in the following table.

Menu DescriptionSystem Sets the local time zone, the password for administrator access, the IP

address of a PC that will be allowed to manage the VoIP Router remotely, and the IP address of a Domain Name Server.

WAN Specifies the Internet connection settings.LAN Sets the TCP/IP configuration for the VoIP Router LAN interface and

DHCP clients.NAT Shares a single ISP account with multiple users, sets up virtual servers.Route Sets routing parameters and displays the current routing table.

MAKING CONFIGURATION CHANGES

4-15

Making Configuration Changes Configurable parameters have a dialog box or a drop-down list. Once a configuration change has been made on a page, click the Save Settings or NEXT button at the bottom of the page to make the new settings active.

Note: To ensure proper screen refresh after a command entry, check that Internet Explorer 5.0 is configured as follows: Under the menu Tools/Internet Options/General/Temporary Internet Files/Settings, the setting for “Check for newer versions of stored pages” should be Every visit to the page.

Firewall Configures a variety of security and specialized functions including: Access Control, URL blocking, Internet access control scheduling, Intruder detection, and DMZ.

SNMP Community string and trap server setting.ADSL Sets the ADSL operation type and shows the ADSL status.VoIP Configures VoIP settings for the VoIP Router.UPnP Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows for simple and robust

connectivity between external devices and your PC.QoS Allows you to optimize voice quality by prioritizing voice over data

traffic.DDNS Dynamic DNS (DDNS) provides users on the Internet with a method to

tie their domain name to the router or server.Tools Contains options to back up and restore the current configuration,

restore all configuration settings to the factory defaults, update system firmware, or reset the system.

Status Provides WAN connection type and status, firmware and hardware version numbers, system IP settings, as well as DHCP, NAT, and firewall information.

Displays the number of attached clients, the firmware versions, the physical MAC address for each media interface, and the hardware version and serial number.

Shows the security and DHCP client log.

Menu Description


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System Settings

Time Settings

Set the time zone and time server for the VoIP Router. This information is used for log entries and client access control.

Check Enable Automatic Time Server Maintenance to automatically maintain the VoIP Router’s system time by synchronizing with a public time server over the Internet. Then configure two different time servers by selecting the options in the Primary Server and Secondary Server fields.

SYSTEM SETTINGS

4-17

Password SettingsUse this page to restrict access based on a password. By default, there is no password. For security you should assign one before exposing the VoIP Router to the Internet.

Passwords can contain from 3 to12 alphanumeric characters and are not case sensitive.

Note: If your password is lost, or you cannot gain access to the user interface, press the Reset button (colored blue) on the rear panel (holding it down for at least five seconds) to restore the factory defaults. (By default there is no password.)

Enter a maximum Idle Time Out (in minutes) to define a maximum period of time an inactive login session will be maintained. If the connection is inactive for longer than the maximum idle time, it will be logged out, and you will have to log in to the web management system again.(Default: 10 minutes)


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Remote ManagementBy default, management access is only available to users on your local network. However, you can also manage the VoIP Router from a remote host by entering the IP address of a remote computer on this screen. Check the Enabled check box, and enter the IP address of the Host Address and click Save Settings.

Note: If you check Enabled and specify an IP address of 0.0.0.0, any host can manage the VoIP Router.

For remote management via WAN IP address you need to connect using port 8080. Simply enter WAN IP address followed by :8080 in the address field of your web browser, for example, 212.120.68.20:8080.

SYSTEM SETTINGS

4-19

DNS

Domain Name Servers are used to map a domain name (e.g., www.somesite.com) to the equivalent numerical IP address (e.g., 64.147.25.20). Your ISP should provide the IP address of one or more Domain Name Servers. Enter those addresses on this page.


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WANSpecify the WAN connection parameters provided by your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

The VoIP Router can be connected to your ISP in one of the following ways:

• ATM PVC

• Clone MAC

ATM PVCThe VoIP Router uses ATM as its WAN interface. Click on each ATM VC for WAN configuration.

WAN

4-21

See the table below for a description of the parameters.

Parameter DescriptionDescription Click on the VC to set the values for the connection.VPI/VCI Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI).Encapsulation Specifies how to handle multiple protocols at the ATM transport

layer.

• VC-MUX: Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM Virtual Circuit Multiplexer (null encapsulation) allows only one protocol running per virtual circuit with less overhead.

• LLC: Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM Logical Link Control (LLC) allows multiple protocols running over one virtual circuit (using slightly more overhead).

Protocol Protocol used for the connection.


4-22

ATM InterfaceClicking on the ATM VC brings up the following screen. The VoIP Router uses ATM as its WAN interface. Protocols including 1483 Routing, 1483 Bridging, MAC Encapsulated Routing (MER), PPPoA and PPPoE with LLC-SNAP and VC-Mux encapsulations are supported for each ATM PVC.

When you have finished entering your connection parameters, click Save Settings. You can verify that you have established an ADSL connection by clicking Status at the bottom of the left-hand menu. See “Status” on page 4-81.

WAN

4-23


Parameter DescriptionProtocol • Disable: Disables the connection.

• 1483 Bridging: Bridging is a standardized layer 2 technology. It is typically used in corporate networks to extend the physical reach of a single LAN segment and increase the number of stations on a LAN without compromising performance. Bridged data is encapsulated using the RFC1483 protocol to enable data transport.

• PPPoA: Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM is a method of encapsulating data for transmission to a far point.

• 1483 Routing: 1483 Routing allows a simple, low-cost connection to the Internet via a standard Ethernet port. The router looks up the network address for each packet seen on the LAN port. If the address is listed in the routing table as local, it is filtered. If the address is listed under the ADSL port, it is forwarded. Or if the address is not found, then it is automatically forwarded to the default router (i.e., the VoIP Router at the head end).

• PPPoE: Point-to-Point over Ethernet is a common connection method used for xDSL.

• MAC Encapsulated Routing: If your ADSL service is a Bridged mode service and you want to share the connection to multiple PC’s, please select MAC Encapsulated Routing. MER is a protocol that allows you do IP routing with NAT enabled.

VPI/VCI See Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI). Data flows are broken up into fixed length cells, each of which contains a Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) that identifies the path between two nodes, and a Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI) that identifies the data channel within that virtual path. Each virtual circuit maintains a constant flow of cells between the two end points. When there is no data to transmit, empty cells are sent. When data needs to be transmitted, it is immediately inserted into the cell flows.


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Encapsulation Shows the packet encapsulation type.

Packet encapsulation specifies how to handle multiple protocols at the ATM transport layer.

• VC-MUX: Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM Virtual Circuit Multiplexer (null encapsulation) allows only one protocol running per virtual circuit with less overhead.

• LLC: Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM Logical Link Control allows multiple protocols running over one virtual circuit (using slightly more overhead).

QoS Class ATM QoS classes including CBR, UBR and VBR.PCR/SCR/MBS QoS Parameters - PCR (Peak Cell Rate), SCR (Sustainable Cell

Rate) and MBS (Maximum Burst Size) are configurable.IP assigned by ISP

Select Yes if the IP address was provided by your ISP.

IP Address If your IP address is assigned by the ISP each time you connect, leave this field all zeros. Otherwise, enter your ISP supplied static IP address here.

Subnet Mask If your subnet mask is assigned by the ISP each time you connect, leave this field all zeros. Otherwise, enter your subnet mask here.

Connect Type Sets connection mode to always connected, automatic or manual connection.

Idle Time (minutes)

Enter the maximum idle time for the Internet connection. After this time has been exceeded the connection will be terminated.

Username Enter user name.Password Enter password.Confirm Password

Confirm password.

MTU Leave the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) at the default value (1500) unless you have a particular reason to change it.

Parameter Description

WAN

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Clone MAC AddressClicking on Clone MAC Address brings up the following screen.

Some ISPs may require that you register your MAC address with them. If this is the case, the MAC address of the VoIP Router must be changed manually to the MAC address that you have registered with your ISP.


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LANUse the LAN menu to configure the LAN IP address and to enable the DHCP server for dynamic client address allocation.

Parameter DescriptionLAN IP

IP Address The IP address of the VoIP Router.IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask of the VoIP Router.DHCP Server To dynamically assign an IP address to client PCs, enable the

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server.DHCP Server

DHCP Server ID The ID of the DHCP Server.Lease Time Set the DHCP lease time.

LAN

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Remember to configure your client PCs for dynamic address allocation. (See “TCP/IP Configuration” on page 3-2 for details.)

IP Address PoolStart IP Specify the start IP address of the DHCP pool. Do not include

the gateway address of the VoIP Router in the client address pool. (See “TCP/IP Configuration” on page 3-2). If you attempt to include the VoIP Router gateway address (192.168.2.1 by default) in the DHCP pool, an error dialog box will appear. If you change the pool range, make sure the first three octets match the gateway’s IP address, i.e., 192.168.2.xxx.

End IP Specify the end IP address of the DHCP pool.Domain Name If your network uses a domain name, enter it here. Otherwise,

leave this field blank.



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NATFrom this section you can configure the Virtual Server, and Special Application features that provide control over the TCP/ UDP port openings in the router’s firewall. This section can be used to support several Internet based applications such as web, email, FTP, and Telnet.

NAT Settings

Network Address Translation (NAT) allows one or more public IP addresses to be shared by multiple internal users. Enter the Public IP address you wish to share into the Global IP field. Enter a range of internal IPs that will share the global IP.

NAT

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Address Mapping

Use Address Mapping to allow a limited number of public IP addresses to be translated into multiple private IP addresses for use on the internal LAN network. This also hides the internal network for increased privacy and security.


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Virtual Server

Using this feature, you can put PCs with public IPs and PCs with private IPs in the same LAN area.

If you configure the VoIP Router as a virtual server, remote users accessing services such as web or FTP at your local site via public IP addresses can be automatically redirected to local servers configured with private IP addresses. In other words, depending on the requested service (TCP/UDP port number), the VoIP Router redirects the external service request to the appropriate server (located at another internal IP address).

For example, if you set Type/Public Port to TCP/80 (HTTP or web) and the Private IP/Port to 192.168.2.2/80, then all HTTP requests from outside users will be transferred to 192.168.2.2 on port 80. Therefore, by just entering the IP address provided by the ISP, Internet users can access the service they need at the local address to which you redirect them.

The more common TCP service ports include:

HTTP: 80, FTP: 21, Telnet: 23, and POP3: 110.

NAT

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Special ApplicationsSome applications, such as Internet gaming, videoconferencing, Internet telephony and others, require multiple connections. These applications cannot work with NAT enabled. If you need to run applications that require multiple connections, use the following screen to specify the additional public ports to be opened for each application.

Specify the public port number normally associated with an application in the Trigger Port field. Set the protocol type to TCP or UDP, then enter the ports that the application requires. The ports may be in the format 7, 11, 57, or in a range, e.g., 72-96, or a combination of both, e.g., 7, 11, 57, 72-96.


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Popular applications requiring multiple ports are listed in the Popular Applications field. From the drop-down list, choose the application and then choose a row number to copy this data into.

Note: Choosing a row that already contains data will overwrite the current settings.

Example:

For a full list of ports and the services that run on them, see www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers

ID Trigger Port

Trigger Type

Public Port Public Type Comment

1 6112 UDP 6112 UDP Battle.net2 28800 TCP 2300-2400,

47624TCP MSN Game Zone

NAT

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NAT Mapping Table

NAT Mapping Table displays the current NAPT address mappings. The NAT address mappings are listed 20 lines per page, click the control buttons to move forwards and backwards. As the NAT mapping is dynamic, a Refresh button is provided to refresh the NAT Mapping Table with the most up-to-date values.

The content of the NAT Mapping Table is described as follows:

• Protocol - protocol of the flow.• Local IP - local (LAN) host’s IP address for the flow.• Local Port - local (LAN) host’s port number for the flow.• Pseudo IP - translated IP address for the flow.• Pseudo Port - translated port number for the flow.• Peer IP - remote (WAN) host’s IP address for the flow.• Peer Port - remote (WAN) host’s port number for the flow.


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RouteThese pages define routing related parameters, including static routes and Routing Information Protocol (RIP) parameters.

Static Route Parameters

Parameter DescriptionIndex Displays the number of the route.Network Address Enter the IP address of the remote computer for

which to set a static route.Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask of the remote network for

which to set a static route.Gateway Enter the WAN IP address of the gateway to the

remote network.Configure Allows you to modify or delete configuration

settings.

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Click Add to display the following page and add a new static route to the list. Click Save Settings.

Parameter DescriptionIndex Displays the number of the route.Network Address Enter the IP address of the remote computer for

which to set a static route.Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask of the remote network for

which to set a static route.Gateway Enter the WAN IP address of the gateway to the

remote network.Configure Allows you to modify or delete configuration

settings.


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RIP ParameterThe device supports RIP v1 and v2 to dynamically exchange routing information with adjacent routers.

Parameter DescriptionGeneral RIP Parameters

RIP mode Globally enables or disables RIP.Auto summary If Auto summary is disabled, then RIP packets will

include sub-network information from all sub-networks connected to the ADLS Router. If enabled, this sub-network information will be summarized to one piece of information covering all sub-networks.

Table of current Interface RIP parameter

Interface The WAN interface to be configured.Operation Mode Disable: RIP disabled on this interface.

Enable: RIP enabled on this interface.

Silent: Listens for route broadcasts and updates its route table. It does not participate in sending route broadcasts.

ROUTE

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RIP sends routing-update messages at regular intervals and when the network topology changes. When a router receives a routing update that includes changes to an entry, it updates its routing table to reflect the new route. RIP routers maintain only the best route to a destination. After updating its routing table, the router immediately begins transmitting routing updates to inform other network routers of the change.

Version Sets the RIP version to use on this interface.Poison Reverse A method for preventing loops that would cause

endless retransmission of data traffic.Authentication Required • None: No authentication.

• Password: A password authentication key is included in the packet. If this does not match what is expected, the packet will be discarded. This method provides very little security as it is possible to learn the authentication key by watching RIP packets.

• MD5: An algorithm that is used to verify data integrity through the creation of a 128-bit message digest from data input (which may be a message of any length) that is claimed to be as unique to that specific data as a fingerprint is to a specific individual.

Authentication Code Password or MD5 Authentication key.



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Routing Table

Parameter DescriptionFlags Indicates the route status:

C = Direct connection on the same subnet.S = Static route.R = RIP (Routing Information Protocol) assigned route.I = ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Redirect route.

Network Address

Destination IP address.

Netmask The subnetwork associated with the destination.

This is a template that identifies the address bits in the destination address used for routing to specific subnets. Each bit that corresponds to a “1” is part of the subnet mask number; each bit that corresponds to “0” is part of the host number.

Gateway The IP address of the router at the next hop to which frames are forwarded.

Interface The local interface through which the next hop of this route is reached.

Metric When a router receives a routing update that contains a new or changed destination network entry, the router adds 1 to the metric value indicated in the update and enters the network in the routing table.

FIREWALL

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Firewall

The VoIP Router’s firewall enables access control of client PCs, blocks common hacker attacks, including IP Spoofing, Land Attack, Ping of Death, IP with zero length, Smurf Attack, UDP port loopback, Snork Attack, TCP null scan, and TCP SYN flooding. The firewall does not significantly affect system performance and we advise leaving it enabled to protect your network.

Note: After you check the radio button in the Enable or disable Firewall features field, you must click the Save Settings button to display the list of firewall features.


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Access Control

Access Control allows users to define the outgoing traffic permitted or not-permitted through the WAN interface. In the example above, all incoming and outgoing emails are blocked. The default is to permit all outgoing traffic. (See the following page for details.)

The VoIP Router can also limit the access of hosts within the local area network (LAN). The MAC Filtering Table allows the VoIP Router to enter up to 32 MAC addresses that are not allowed access to the WAN port.

FIREWALL

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The following items are displayed on the Access Control screen:

Click Add PC on the Access Control screen to view the following page.

Access Control Add PCThe settings in the screen shot below will block all email sending and receiving.

Define the appropriate settings for client PC services (as shown above). Click OK to save your settings. The added PC will now appear in the Access Control page.

Parameter DescriptionEnable Filtering Function

Enables or disables the filtering function.

Normal Filtering Table Displays the IP address (or an IP address range) filtering table.


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MAC FilterUse this page to block access to your network using MAC addresses.

The VoIP Router can also limit the access of hosts within the local area network (LAN). The MAC Filtering Table allows the VoIP Router to enter up to 32 MAC addresses that are allowed access to the WAN port. All other devices will be denied access.

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URL BlockingTo configure the URL Blocking feature, use the table below to specify the web sites (www.somesite.com) and/or keywords you want to filter on your network.

To complete this configuration, you will need to create or modify an access rule in “Access Control” on page 4-40. To modify an existing rule, click the Edit option next to the rule you want to modify. To create a new rule, click on the Add PC option.

From the Access Control, Add PC section, check the option for WWW with URL Blocking in the Client PC Service table to filter out the web sites and keywords selected below, on a specific PC.

The VoIP Router allows the user to block access to web sites from a particular PC by entering either a full URL address or just a keyword. This feature can be used to protect children from accessing violent or pornographic web sites.


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Schedule Rule

You may filter Internet access for local clients based on rules.

Each access control rule may be activated at a scheduled time. Define the schedule on the Schedule Rule page, and apply the rule on the Access Control page.

Click Add Schedule Rule.

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Edit Schedule RuleYou can create and edit schedule rules on this page.

Define the appropriate settings for a schedule rule (as shown on the following screen). The rule in the screen shot above prohibits emailing after 3.00pm from Monday to Thursday. Upon completion, click OK to save your schedule rules.


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Intrusion DetectionThe VoIP Router’s firewall inspects packets at the application layer, maintains TCP and UDP session information including timeouts and number of active sessions, and provides the ability to detect and prevent certain types of network attacks such as Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks.

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Network attacks that deny access to a network device are called DoS attacks. DoS attacks are aimed at devices and networks with a connection to the Internet. Their goal is not to steal information, but to disable a device or network so users no longer have access to network resources.

The VoIP Router protects against DoS attacks including: Ping of Death (Ping flood) attack, SYN flood attack, IP fragment attack (Teardrop Attack), Brute-force attack, Land Attack, IP Spoofing attack, IP with zero length, TCP null scan (Port Scan Attack), UDP port loopback, Snork Attack.

Note: The firewall does not significantly affect system performance, so we advise enabling the prevention features to protect your network.


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Parameter Defaults DescriptionEnable SPI and Anti-DoS firewall protection

Yes The Intrusion Detection feature of the VoIP Router limits the access of incoming traffic at the WAN port. When the Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) feature is turned on, all incoming packets are blocked except those types marked with a check in the Stateful Packet Inspection section at the top of the screen.

Stateful Packet Inspection

This option allows you to select different application types that are using dynamic port numbers. If you wish to use Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) for blocking packets, check the inspection type that you need, such as Packet Fragmentation, TCP Connection, UDP Session, FTP Service, H.323 Service, and TFTP Service.

It is called a “stateful” packet inspection because it examines the contents of the packet to determine the state of the communication; i.e., it ensures that the stated destination computer has previously requested the current communication. This is a way of ensuring that all communications are initiated by the recipient computer and are taking place only with sources that are known and trusted from previous interactions. In addition to being more rigorous in their inspection of packets, stateful inspection firewalls also close off ports until a connection to the specific port is requested.

When particular types of traffic are checked, only the particular type of traffic initiated from the internal LAN will be allowed. For example, if the user only checks FTP Service in the Stateful Packet Inspection section, all incoming traffic will be blocked except for FTP connections initiated from the local LAN.

Hacker Prevention Feature

Discard Ping from WAN

Discard Prevents a ping on the VoIP Router’s WAN port from being routed to the network.

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RIP Defect Enabled If the VoIP Router does not reply to an IPX RIP request packet, it will stay in the input queue and not be released. Accumulated packets could cause the input queue to fill, causing severe problems for all protocols. Enabling this feature prevents the packets accumulating.

When hackers attempt to enter your network, we can alert you by email

Your E-mail Address

Enter your email address.

SMTP Server Address

Enter your SMTP server address (usually the part of the email address following the “@” sign).

POP3 Server Address

Enter your POP3 server address (usually the part of the email address following the “@” sign).

User Name Enter your email account user name.Password Enter your email account password.

Connection PolicyFragmentation half-open wait

10 secs Configures the number of seconds that a packet state structure remains active. When the timeout value expires, the router drops the unassembled packet, freeing that structure for use by another packet.

TCP SYN wait 30 secs Defines how long the software will wait for a TCP session to reach an established state before dropping the session.

TCP FIN wait 5 secs Specifies how long a TCP session will be managed after the firewall detects a FIN-exchange.

TCP connection idle timeout

3600 secs (1 hour)

The length of time for which a TCP session will be managed if there is no activity.

UDP session idle timeout

30 secs The length of time for which a UDP session will be managed if there is no activity.

H.323 data channel idle timeout

180 secs The length of time for which an H.323 session will be managed if there is no activity.

Parameter Defaults Description


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DoS Detect CriteriaTotal incomplete TCP/UDP sessions HIGH

300 sessions

Defines the rate of new unestablished sessions that will cause the software to start deleting half-open sessions.

Total incomplete TCP/UDP sessions LOW

250 sessions

Defines the rate of new unestablished sessions that will cause the software to stop deleting half-open sessions.

Incomplete TCP/UDP sessions (per min.) HIGH

250 sessions

Maximum number of allowed incomplete TCP/UDP sessions per minute.

Incomplete TCP/UDP sessions (per min.) LOW

200 sessions

Minimum number of allowed incomplete TCP/UDP sessions per minute.

Maximum incomplete TCP/UDP sessions number from same host

10 Maximum number of incomplete TCP/UDP sessions from the same host.

Incomplete TCP/UDP sessions detect sensitive time period

300 msecs Length of time before an incomplete TCP/UDP session is detected as incomplete.

Maximum half-open fragmentation packet number from same host

30 Maximum number of half-open fragmentation packets from the same host.

Half-open fragmentation detect sensitive time period

1 secs Length of time before a half-open fragmentation session is detected as half-open.

Flooding cracker block time

300 secs Length of time from detecting a flood attack to blocking the attack.

Parameter Defaults Description

FIREWALL

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DMZ

If you have a client PC that cannot run an Internet application properly from behind the firewall, you can open the client up to unrestricted two-way Internet access. Enter the IP address of a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) host on this screen. Adding a client to the DMZ may expose your local network to a variety of security risks, so only use this option as a last resort.


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SNMP

Community

Use the SNMP configuration screen to display and modify parameters for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). A computer attached to the network, called a Network Management Station (NMS), can be used to access this information. Access rights to the agent are controlled by community strings. To communicate with the VoIP Router, the NMS must first submit a valid community string for authentication.

Note: Up to 5 community names may be entered.

Parameter DescriptionCommunity A community name authorized for management access.Access Management access is restricted to Read or Write.Valid Enables or disables the entry.

SNMP

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Trap

Parameter DescriptionIP Address Traps are sent to this address when errors or specific events

occur on the network.Community A community string (password) specified for trap

management. Enter a word, something other than public or private, to prevent unauthorized individuals from reading information on your system.

Version Sets the trap status to disabled, or enabled with V1 or V2c.

The v2c protocol was proposed in late 1995 and includes enhancements to v1 that are universally accepted. These include a get-bulk command to reduce network management traffic when retrieving a sequence of MIB variables, and a more elaborate set of error codes for improved reporting to a Network Management Station.


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ADSL

ADSL Parameters

We recommend leaving the Operation Mode at the default Automatic setting, to automatically negotiate with remote DSLAM.

Parameter DescriptionOperation Mode • Automatic

• T1.413 Issue 2

• G.992.1 (G.DMT)

• G.922.2 (G.Lite)

ADSL

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StatusThe Status page displays ADSL status information.


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Parameter DescriptionStatus

Line Status Shows the current status of the ADSL line.Data Rate

Upstream Actual and maximum upstream data rate.Downstream Actual and maximum downstream data rate.

Operation Data/Defect Indication

Noise MarginUpstream: Minimum noise margin upstream.Downstream: Minimum noise margin downstream.

Output Power Maximum fluctuation in the output power.Attenuation

Upstream: Maximum reduction in the strength of the upstream signal.Downstream: Maximum reduction in the strength of the downstream

signal. Fast Path FEC Correction

There are two latency paths that may be used: fast and interleaved. For either path a forward error correction (FEC) scheme is employed to ensure higher data integrity. For maximum noise immunity, an interleaver may be used to supplement FEC.

Interleaved Path FEC Correction

An interleaver is basically a buffer used to introduce a delay, allowing for additional error correction techniques to handle noise. Interleaving slows the data flow and may not be optimal for real-time signals such as video transmission.

Fast Path CRC Error

Indicates the number of Fast Path Cyclic Redundancy Check errors.

Interleaved Path CRC Error

Indicates the number of Interleaved Path Cyclic Redundancy Check errors.

Loss of Signal Defect

Momentary signal discontinuities.

Loss of Frame Defect

Failures due to loss of frames.

ADSL

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Loss of Power Defect

Failures due to loss of power.

Fast Path HEC Error

Fast Path Header Error Concealment errors.

Interleaved Path HEC Error

Interleaved Path Header Error Concealment errors.

Statistics (Superframes represent the highest level of data presentation. Each superframe contains regular ADSL frames, one of which is used to provide superframe synchronization, identifying the start of a superframe. Some of the remaining frames are also used for special functions.)

Received Superframes Interleaved

Number of interleaved superframes received.

Transmitted Superframes Interleaved

Number of interleaved superframes transmitted.

Received Superframes Fast

Number of fast superframes received.

Transmitted Superframes Fast

Number of fast superframes transmitted.



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VoIP

Port SettingConfigure the port settings on this page, and click Save Settings to save the parameters. VoIP providers operate SIP proxies that allow you to register your VoIP Router on their system so that your can call friends, family and business associates. There are many VoIP service providers available. It is up to you to decide which service provider is best for your needs. Once you have decided on a provider, you will need to get the following information:

UsernamePasswordSIP DomainRealmSIP Proxy IPSIP Proxy Port

VOIP

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Parameter DescriptionPhone 1/2 Enable Enable/disable phone 1 and/or 2.Phone Number Your phone number.Display Name Your name, often the same as your phone number.SIP Domain (From your VoIP provider, e.g., “sipcenter.com” or an IP

address.)Realm (From your VoIP provider.)Username (From your VoIP provider.)Password (From your VoIP provider.)


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SIP SettingConfigure your SIP parameters on this page, and click Save Settings to apply them.

SIP, the Session Initiation Protocol, is a signaling protocol for Internet conferencing, telephony, presence, events notification and instant messaging. The call waiting feature allows the user to take an incoming call, even though the user is already on the phone. The user upon hearing the new call, can put the original caller on hold and speak to the new caller. When the user hasn’t finished talking to the new caller, he can resume his conversation with the original caller.

According to the SIP RFC, a proxy server is “An intermediary entity that acts as both a server and a client for the purpose of making requests on behalf of other clients. A proxy server primarily plays the role of routing, which means its job is to ensure that request is sent to another entity ‘closer’ to the targeted user.”

VOIP

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The proxy server therefore, is an intermediate device that receives SIP requests from a client and then forwards the requests on the client’s behalf. Proxy servers receive SIP messages and forward them to the next SIP server in the network. A series of proxy and redirect servers receive requests from a client and decide where to send these requests. Proxy servers can provide functions such as authentication, authorization, network access control, routing, reliable request retransmission, and security.

From the SIP RFC, “A registrar is a server that accepts REGISTER requests and places the information it receives in those requests into the location service for the domain it handles.”


Parameter DescriptionSIP Listen Port It is strongly recommended that you to leave the SIP port

unchanged (Default: 5060). Proxy Setting Set the proxy settings.

• Proxy IP: IP address of your proxy server. (From your VoIP provider.)

• Proxy Port: Port number of the proxy server. (From your VoIP provider.)

Registrar Setting Set the registrar settings.

• Registrar IP: IP address of SIP registrar.

• Registrar Port: Port number of SIP registrar.Re-Registration Time Interval

After this user-defined period has expired, you will need to register again.


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VoIP Advanced SettingConfigure the VoIP advanced settings on this page, and click Save Settings.

SIP is a peer-to-peer protocol. The peers in a session are called User Agents (UAs). A user agent can function in one of the following roles:

1. User agent client (UAC) - A client application that initiates the SIP request.

2. User agent server (UAS) - A server application that contacts the user when a SIP request is received and that returns a response on behalf of the user.

Typically, an SIP end point is capable of functioning as both a UAC and a UAS, but functions only as one or the other per transaction.

Phone standards vary internationally, so it is important that the VoIP router is configured for the correct country.

VOIP

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Codecs are used to convert an analog voice signal to digitally encoded version. Codecs vary in the sound quality, the bandwidth required, the computational requirements, etc. You can specify which audio coding process you would like to use. There are four voice codecs supported by the VoIP router, you may try different settings to determine the best audio quality you obtain from the combination of your network connection and your used audio device (head set or hand set). The default codec sequence is listed below. You can use the Up and Down buttons to change priority.

1. G.711 A law

2. G.711 U law

3. G.729

4. G.723.3


Parameter DescriptionSupport Call Waiting

Enables or disables support for call waiting. (Default: Disabled)

Caller-ID Presentation

Check this check box to display the caller’s number.(Default: Disabled)

Support User-Agent Header

Enables or disables user-agent header support. Enabling this feature includes user agent information in the packet, e.g., the caller’s ID may be displayed. (Default: Disabled)

Support Out of Band DTMF

Check this check box to support out of band Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF). DTMF assigns a specific frequency (consisting of two separate tones) to each key so that it can easily be identified by a microprocessor. (Default: Disabled)

Support Fake PSTN Dial tone for VoIP call

Check this check box to support fake PSTN dial tone for VoIP calling. (Default: Disabled)

Support Freenet for nonstandard VoIP call flow

Check this check box to support Freenet for nonstandard VoIP call flow. (Default: Disabled)

Support Freenet IGNORE_ACK

Check this check box to support Freenet IGNORE_ACK. (Default: Disabled)


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Call Hold Version Select the call hold version you wish to use. Choose RFC3264 or RFC2543. (Default: RFC3264)

Telephony Hook Flash Timer

The hook flash timer is the length of time before the hook flash indicates a time-out (or call disconnect). (Default: 800 milliseconds.)

Telephony Tone Country Setting

Select the country.

Voice Codec Configuration

Set the voice codecs.

• Available Codecs: List of available codecs.

• Selected Codecs: List of selected codecs.


VOIP

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Port Advanced SettingConfigure the port advanced settings on this page, and click Save Settings.

The port advanced settings detailed above are quite technical. Therefore, we recommend leaving the above settings at the default values, unless you have some specific reason for altering them.


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Dialing PlansConfigure the VoIP dialing plans on this page, and click Save Settings.

Set the Phone Number and Connection Type on this page.

VOIP

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Quick Dialing PlansConfigure the VoIP quick dialing plans on this page, and click Save Settings.

On this screen you need to enter the Quick Dial Code, Vanity and Number/User Name.


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VoIP Status and Call LogsView the VoIP status for both FXS ports here. Click Refresh to update this page. You can view the call log for both FXS ports on this page also.

This page displays the Port Type, SIP URL and Registration status of the VoIP router. This page also shows the call logs.


Parameter DescriptionPort Type Displays the port type, i.e., FXS.SIP URL Shows the SIP URL.Registration Indicates whether the user has successfully registered or not.Received Call Number of received calls.Dialed Call Number of calls made.Missed Call Number of missed calls.Rejected Call Number of rejected calls.Forwarded Call Number of forwarded calls.

UPNP

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UPnPUniversal Plug and Play (UPnP) allows for simple and robust connectivity between external devices and your PC, regardless of vendor or form factor.

Enable UPnP by checking the Enable radio button in the screen above. Don’t forget to click Save Settings to save your changes. UPnP allows the device to automatically:

• join a network• obtain an IP address• convey its capabilities and learn about the presence and capabilities of

other devices

Note: UPnP is disabled by default.


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QoSQuality of Service (QoS) is a networking term that specifies a guaranteed throughput level. With converging voice and data, it is imperative to establish QoS parameters to appropriately allocate bandwidth. QoS prioritizes important data on your network such as multimedia content and Voice over IP (VoIP) so it will not be interfered with by other data being sent over the network. Based on 802.11e, this feature can be turned on or off and you can choose the acknowledgement mode you want to use. If you plan to stream multimedia content or use VoIP on your network, the QoS feature should be enabled.

QoS SettingsTo ensure optimum voice quality, your VoIP Router should prioritize voice over data packets. Therefore, we recommend enabling the QoS feature.

QOS

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Parameter DescriptionEnable or disable QoS module function

Enable or disable the QoS function here. (Default: Disable)

Diffserv Forwarding Groups

Lists the forwarding methods supported by the VoIP Router.

Name Displays the name of the forwarding method, i.e., Best Effort, Assured Forwarding or Expedited Forwarding.

Description Briefly describes the forwarding method employed.Priority Best Effort will have lowest priority as it is a basic connectivity

service with no guarantees. Expedited Forwarding will have highest priority. It provides low delay, low jitter and low loss delivery of packets.

Bandwidth Allocation

You choose the minimum bandwidth for each forwarding method.


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Traffic MappingTraffic Mapping displays the rules already configured.


To add a new rule, click the Add traffic class button.

Parameter DescriptionRule Name Displays the rule name.Traffic Description Shows the type of traffic, i.e., VoIP traffic.Map to Diffserv Displays the name of the forwarding method, i.e., Best Effort,

Assured Forwarding or Expedited Forwarding.Outgoing VC The outgoing virtual connection (VC) to which this traffic will

be routed.Configure Allows you to edit existing rules.

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Edit Traffic ClassThis screen allows you to specify a new rule. Traffic Mapping allows you to describe up to 16 rules to classify traffic into forwarding groups. You must specify the traffic type, the forwarding method and the outgoing virtual connection (VC) to which this traffic will be routed.


Parameter DescriptionRule Name Enter the new rule name.Traffic Type Select the traffic type.Advanced Config Click Advanced Config to configure advanced settings.Map to Forwarding Group

Select the forwarding method.

Direct to VC Select the outgoing virtual connection (VC) to which this traffic will be routed.


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Edit Traffic Class - Advanced ConfigThis screen allows you to specify the advanced configuration settings for a new rule. Traffic Mapping allows you to describe up to 16 rules to classify traffic into forwarding groups. You must specify the traffic type, the forwarding method and the outgoing virtual connection (VC) to which this traffic will be routed.


Parameter DescriptionRule Name Enter the new rule name.Local Address Enter the local address.Remote Address Enter the remote address.Traffic Type Select the traffic type.Map to Forwarding Group

Select the forwarding method.

Direct to VC Select the outgoing virtual connection (VC) to which this traffic will be routed.

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Traffic StatisticsThe Traffic Statistics screen shows the WAN outbound traffic statistics of all the Diffserv forwarding groups in the last 12 hours. The screen is automatically updated every five minutes. To manually update the screen now, click Refresh.


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DDNSDynamic DNS (DDNS) provides users on the Internet with a method to tie their domain name to the router or server. DDNS allows your domain name to follow your IP address automatically by having your DNS records changed when your IP address changes.

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See the table below for a description of the DDNS settings.

Note: DDNS is disabled by default.

Parameter DescriptionDynamic DNS Enable/disable DDNS.Provider This DDNS feature is powered by either DynDNS,

or TZO.com. With a DDNS connection you can host your own web site, email server, FTP site, and more at your own location even if you have a dynamic IP address.

Domain Name A series of alphanumeric strings separated by periods that maps to the address of the VoIP Router network connection and identifies the owner of the address.

Account/Email Enter the name of your account.Password/Key Enter your password.


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ToolsUse the Tools menu to back up the current settings, to restore previously saved settings, or to restore the factory default settings.

Configuration Tools

Check Backup Router Configuration and click NEXT to save your VoIP Router’s configuration to a file named “backup.bin” on your PC.

You can then check Restore from saved Configuration file (backup.bin) to restore the saved backup configuration file.

To restore the factory settings, check Restore router to Factory Defaults and click NEXT. You will be asked to confirm your decision. Click APPLY to proceed, or CANCEL to go back.

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Firmware UpgradeUse this screen to update the firmware to the latest version.

Download the file to your hard drive. Then click Browse... to find the file on your computer. Select the firmware file and click Open. Click BEGIN UPGRADE to start the upgrade process.


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ResetPerform a reset from this page.

Should your unit become unresponsive for any reason, you can simply perform a reset from this page. Performing a reset will reboot the device. Your configuration settings will remain the same.

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StatusThe Status screen displays WAN/LAN connection status, firmware and hardware version numbers, as well as information on DHCP clients connected to your network.


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The security log may be saved to a file by clicking Save and choosing a location.

The following items are included on the Status screen:

Parameter DescriptionINTERNET Displays WAN connection type and status.

Release Click on this button to disconnect from the WAN.Renew Click on this button to establish a connection to the WAN.

GATEWAY Displays system IP settings, as well as DHCP Server and Firewall status.

INFORMATION Displays the number of attached clients, the firmware versions, the physical MAC address for each media interface and for the VoIP Router, as well as the hardware version and serial number.

ATM PVC Displays ATM connection type and status.Security Log Displays illegal attempts to access your network.Save Click on this button to save the security log file.Clear Click on this button to delete the access log.Refresh Click on this button to refresh the screen.DHCP Client Log Displays information on DHCP clients on your network.

A-1

APPENDIX ATROUBLESHOOTING

This section describes common problems you may encounter and possible solutions to them. The VoIP Router can be easily monitored through panel indicators to identify problems.

Troubleshooting Chart

Symptom Action

LED Indicators

POWER LED is Off

• Check connections between the VoIP Router, the external power supply, and the wall outlet.

• If the power indicator does not turn on when the power cord is plugged in, you may have a problem with the power outlet, power cord, or external power supply. However, if the unit powers off after running for a while, check for loose power connections, power losses, or surges at the power outlet. If you still cannot isolate the problem, then the external power supply may be defective. In this case, contact Technical Support for assistance.

TROUBLESHOOTING

A-2

LED Indicators

LAN LED is Off

• Verify that the VoIP Router and attached device are powered on.

• Be sure the cable is plugged into both the VoIP Router and the corresponding device.

• Verify that the proper cable type is used and that its length does not exceed the specified limits.

• Be sure that the network interface on the attached device is configured for the proper communication speed and duplex mode.

• Check the adapter on the attached device and cable connections for possible defects. Replace any defective adapter or cable if necessary.

Network Connection Problems

Cannot ping the VoIP Router from the attached LAN, or the VoIP Router cannot ping any device on the attached LAN

• Verify that the IP addresses are properly configured. For most applications, you should use the VoIP Router’s DHCP function to dynamically assign IP addresses to hosts on the attached LAN. However, if you manually configure IP addresses on the LAN, verify that the same network address (network component of the IP address) and subnet mask are used for both the VoIP Router and any attached LAN devices.

• Be sure the device you want to ping (or from which you are pinging) has been configured for TCP/IP.


Symptom Action

TROUBLESHOOTING

A-3

Management Problems

Cannot connect using the web browser

• Be sure to have configured the VoIP Router with a valid IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.

• Check that you have a valid network connection to the VoIP Router and that the port you are using has not been disabled.

• Check the network cabling between the management station and the VoIP Router.

Forgot or lost the password

• Press the Reset button on the rear panel (holding it down for at least five seconds) to restore the factory defaults.


Symptom Action

TROUBLESHOOTING

A-4

APPENDIX BCABLES

Ethernet CableCaution: Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port. For

Ethernet connections, use only twisted-pair cables with RJ-45 connectors that conform to FCC standards.

Specifications

Wiring ConventionsFor Ethernet connections, a twisted-pair cable must have two pairs of wires. Each wire pair is identified by two different colors. For example, one wire might be red and the other, red with white stripes. Also, an RJ-45 connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.

Cable Types and Specifications

Cable Type Max. Length Connector

10BASE-T Cat. 3, 4, 5 100-ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45

100BASE-TX Cat. 5 100-ohm UTP 100 m (328 ft) RJ-45

B-1

CABLES

Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-45 connectors in a specific orientation. The following figure illustrates how the pins on an Ethernet RJ-45 connector are numbered. Be sure to hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires to the pins.

Figure B-1. RJ-45 Ethernet Connector Pin Numbers

RJ-45 Port Ethernet ConnectionUse the straight-through CAT -5 Ethernet cable provided in the package to connect the VoIP Router to your PC. When connecting to other network devices such as an Ethernet switch, use the cable type shown in the following table.

Attached Device Port Type Connecting Cable Type

MDI-X Straight-through

MDI Crossover

B-2

RJ-45 PORT ETHERNET CONNECTION

Pin AssignmentsWith 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX cable, pins 1 and 2 are used for transmitting data, and pins 3 and 6 for receiving data.

Straight-Through WiringIf the port on the attached device has internal crossover wiring (MDI-X), then use straight-through cable.

RJ-45 Pin Assignments

Pin Number Assignment*

1 Tx+

2 Tx-

3 Rx+

6 Rx-

* The “+” and “-” signs represent the polarity of the wires that make up each wire pair.

Straight-Through Cable Pin Assignments

End 1 End 2

1 (Tx+) 1 (Tx+)

2 (Tx-) 2 (Tx-)

3 (Rx+) 3 (Rx+)

6 (Rx-) 6 (Rx-)

B-3

CABLES

Crossover WiringIf the port on the attached device has straight-through wiring (MDI), use crossover cable.

Crossover Cable Pin Assignments

End 1 End 2

1 (Tx+) 3 (Rx+)

2 (Tx-) 6 (Rx-)

3 (Rx+) 1 (Tx+)

6 (Rx-) 2 (Tx-)

B-4

ADSL CABLE CONNECTION

ADSL Cable ConnectionUse standard telephone cable to connect the RJ-11 telephone wall outlet to the RJ-11 ADSL port on the VoIP Router.

Caution: Do not plug a phone jack connector into an RJ-45 port.

Specifications

Wiring ConventionsFor ADSL connections, a cable requires one pair of wires. Each wire is identified by different colors. For example, one wire might be red and the other, red with white stripes. Also, an RJ-11 connector must be attached to both ends of the cable.

Each wire pair must be attached to the RJ-11 connectors in a specific orientation. The following figure illustrates how the pins on the RJ-11 connector are numbered. Be sure to hold the connectors in the same orientation when attaching the wires to the pins.

Figure B-2. RJ-11 Connector Pin Numbers

Cable Types and Specifications

Cable Type Connector

ADSL Line Standard Telephone Cable RJ-11

B-5

CABLES

Figure B-3. RJ-11 Pinouts

Pin Signal Name Wire Color

1 Not used

2 Line 2 Tip Black or White/Orange

3 Line 1 Ring Red or Blue/White

4 Line 1 Tip Green or White/Blue

5 Line 2 Ring Yellow or Orange/White

6 Not used

1 2 3 4 5 6

Blu

e/W

hite

Wh

ite

/Blu

e

R1 T1

1 2 3 4 5 6

Re

dG

ree

n

R1 T1 R2T2

Bla

ck

Ye

llow

1 2 3 4 5 6B

lue

/Wh

ite

Wh

ite

/Blu

e

R1 T1 R2T2

Wh

ite

/Ora

ng

e

Ora

ng

e/W

hite

6x2 Jack 6x4 Jack6x4 Jack

T = Tip R = Ring

B-6

C-1

APPENDIX CSPECIFICATIONS

Standards ComplianceCE MarkEmissions

FCC Class B, VCCI Class BIndustry Canada Class BEN55022 (CISPR 22) Class BC-Tick - AS/NZS 3548 (1995) Class B

ImmunityEN 61000-3-2/3EN 61000-4-2/3/4/5/6/8/11

SafetyUL 1950EN60950 (TÜV)CSA 22.2 No. 950

IEEE 802.3 10 BASE-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100 BASE-TX Fast EthernetModem Standards

ITU G.992.1 (G.dmt)ITU G.992.2 (G.lite) ITU G.994.1 (G.handshake)ITU T.413 issue 2 - ADSL full rate

LAN Interface1 RJ-45 10 BASE-T/100 BASE-TX portAuto-negotiates the connection speed to 10 Mbps Ethernet or 100 Mbps

Fast Ethernet, and the transmission mode to half-duplex or full-duplex

USB Interface1 USB port

SPECIFICATIONS

C-2

WAN Interface1 ADSL RJ-11 port

FXS Interface2 FXS ports

Indicator PanelPhone 1-2, VoIP, USB, LAN, Online, ADSL, PWR (power)

Dimensions155 x 128 x 28 mm (6.10 x 5.04 x 1.10 in) (WxDxH)

Weight430 g (13.02 oz)

Input Power12 V 1 A

Power Consumption2.52 Watts maximum

Advanced FeaturesVoIP - QoS, VAD, call waiting, call forwarding, caller ID, jitter buffer.

Codecs supported - G.7.11 U/A law, G.7.29, G.723.1Dynamic IP Address Configuration – DHCP, DNS, DDNSFirewall – Client privileges, hacker prevention and logging,

Stateful Packet InspectionVirtual Private Network – PPTP, IPSec pass-through, VPN pass-through

Internet StandardsRFC 826 ARP, RFC 791 IP, RFC 792 ICMP, RFC 768 UDP, RFC 793 TCP, RFC 783 TFTP, RFC 1483 AAL5 Encapsulation, RFC 1661 PPP, RFC 1866 HTML, RFC 2068 HTTP, RFC 2364 PPP over ATM

TemperatureOperating 0 to 40 °C (32 to 104 °F)Storage -40 to 70 °C (-40 to 158 °F)

Humidity5% to 95% (non-condensing)

Glossary-1

GLOSSARY

10BASE-TIEEE 802.3 specification for 10 Mbps Ethernet over two pairs of Category 3, 4, or 5 UTP cable.

100BASE-TXIEEE 802.3u specification for 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet over two pairs of Category 5 UTP cable.

Auto-NegotiationSignalling method allowing each node to select its optimum operational mode (e.g., 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps and half or full duplex) based on the capabilities of the node to which it is connected.

BandwidthThe difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available for network signals. Also synonymous with wire speed, the actual speed of the data transmission along the cable.

CollisionA condition in which packets transmitted over the cable interfere with each other. Their interference makes both signals unintelligible.

Collision DomainSingle CSMA/CD LAN segment.

CSMA/CDCSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detect) is the communication method employed by Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, or Gigabit Ethernet.

GLOSSARY

Glossary-2

End StationA workstation, server, or other device that does not forward traffic.

EthernetA network communication system developed and standardized by DEC, Intel, and Xerox, using baseband transmission, CSMA/CD access, logical bus topology, and coaxial cable. The successor IEEE 802.3 standard provides for integration into the OSI model and extends the physical layer and media with repeaters and implementations that operate on fiber, thin coax and twisted-pair cable.

Fast EthernetA 100 Mbps network communication system based on Ethernet and the CSMA/CD access method.

Full DuplexTransmission method that allows two network devices to transmit and receive concurrently, effectively doubling the bandwidth of that link.

IEEEInstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

IEEE 802.3Defines carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) access method and physical layer specifications.

IEEE 802.3abDefines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 1000BASE-T Fast Ethernet.

IEEE 802.3uDefines CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications for 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet.

GLOSSARY

Glossary-3

IEEE 802.3xDefines Ethernet frame start/stop requests and timers used for flow control on full-duplex links.

Local Area Network (LAN) A group of interconnected computer and support devices.

LAN SegmentSeparate LAN or collision domain.

LEDLight emitting diode used or monitoring a device or network condition.

Local Area NetworkA group of interconnected computers and support devices.

Media Access Control (MAC)A portion of the networking protocol that governs access to the transmission medium, facilitating the exchange of data between network nodes.

MIBAn acronym for Management Information Base. It is a set of database objects that contains information about the device.

RJ-45 ConnectorA connector for twisted-pair wiring.

GLOSSARY

Glossary-4

Straight-through PortAn RJ-45 port which does not cross the receive and transmit signals internally (MDI) so it can be connected with straight-through twisted-pair cable to any device having a crossover port (MDI-X). Also referred to as a “Daisy-Chain” port. The RJ-45, 10/100 Mbps port supports Auto MDI/MDI-X.

Switched PortsPorts that are on separate collision domains or LAN segments.

UTPUnshielded twisted-pair cable.

Model Number: ARV3515J-A-GP150000007300JE032005-R01 F1.0

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