vodafone tax evasion
TRANSCRIPT
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Group-8
Ashish Majumdar (PGP04057)
Prithiviraj M Das (PGP04079)
Shagun Chaudhry (PGP04090)
Tripti Sharma (PGP04097)
E-Waste: The LatestContributor to EnvironmentalDegradation
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Electronic components that are disposed off in an inappropriate manner
comprises of wastes generated from used electronic devices and house
hold appliances which are not fit for their original intended use
Contains over 1000 different substances many of which are toxic and
potentially hazardous to environment and human health
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Electronic
tools
Medicaldevices
Monitoring and
control instruments
Entertainment electronics
IT and telecommunicationequipment
Household appliances
42%
34%
14%
10%
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Brigade Road, Bangalore. The city produces around 20,000tons of e-waste per year and the figure's rising at 20% rate
each year.
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E-Waste Component Process Used Potential Environmental Hazard
Cathode ray tubes (used in TVs,
computer monitors, ATM, video
cameras, and more)
Breaking and removal of yoke,
then dumping
Lead, barium and other heavy metals
leaching into the ground water and
release of toxic phosphor
Printed circuit board (image
behind table - a thin plate on
which chips and other electronic
components are placed)
De-soldering and removal of
computer chips; open burning
and acid baths to remove final
metals after chips are removed.
Air emissions as well as discharge into
rivers of glass dust, tin, lead,
brominated dioxin, beryllium
cadmium, and mercury
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E-Waste Component Process Used Potential Environmental Hazard
Chips and other gold plated
components
Chemical stripping using nitric
and hydrochloric acid and
burning of chips
Hydrocarbons, heavy metals,
brominated substances discharged
directly into rives acidifying fish and
flora. Tin and lead contamination of
surface and groundwater. Air
emissions of brominated dioxins,heavy metals and hydrocarbons
Plastics from printers, keyboards,
monitors, etc.
Shredding and low temp
melting to be reused
Emissions of brominated dioxins,
heavy metals and hydrocarbons
Computer wiresOpen burning and stripping to
remove copper
Hydrocarbon ashes released into air,
water and soil.
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Importing large quantity of second hand devices
Many ports like Chennai port are found to be deluged with e-waste import
No source of accurate estimates of the quantity of e-waste generated and recycled
Low level of awareness among manufacturers and consumers
Improper techniques such as acid leaching and open air burning are used
Inefficient recycling processes that causes the substantial loss of material value
Improper dumping after getting the precious metals
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Stakeholder Ecosystem
Producers
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E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules
2011
Collection of E-waste during manufacture and end oflife
Setting up collection centers or take back systems
Financing and organizing a system to meet the cost ofenvironmentally sound management of the system
Provide contact details to facilitate collection
Creating awareness by publications, advertising,
posters
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Six hazardous chemicals - Lead, Mercury, Cadmium,
Hexavalent Chromium, Polybrominated Biphenyls
and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers are banned in
electronic and electrical equipment
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Better infrastructure
Create awareness
Resource mobilization
Monitoring and evaluation
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Carry out baseline surveys and analysis of the E-waste threat
Develop sustainable models for E-waste management
Encourage set up facilities to handle refurbishment of unwantedelectrical and electronics equipment and recycling
Develop incentives for establishment of sustainable E-waste disposal
agencies through mutually beneficial reuse and recycling schemes
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Establish centers for training the required human resources
Develop and popularize change management program for leaders of government and private
sector institutions to embrace proper E-waste management
Develop and implement awareness campaign strategy to create general vigilance about the
issues of E-waste management and ensure that the people understand to safely dispose E-waste
Ensure procurement of environmentally friendly electric and electronic equipment
Educate about mainstream e-waste issues at all levels in education curriculum
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Increase budgetary allocation to the initiatives targeted at reducing E-waste risks
Set up an E-waste fund , to be collected from sellers and buyers of electronic
equipment
Applying advanced recycling fee that requires consumers to pay a recycling feewhen purchasing an electronic equipment, this fee takes care of recycling the
equipment once it reaches end of life
Put in place mechanism for resource mobilization from development partners
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E-waste Policy will require constant monitoring and evaluation
Annual surveys should be carried to gather statistics about E-waste management to
ensure proper implementation of policies enforced and awareness created
Regular evaluations to be carried to ensure effectiveness
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Reduce ,Reuse and Recycle
Create markets for the sale of used electronics
Online forum for the exchange of working electronics or
components
Recycling electronic waste can be source of income forpeople with few alternative economic options
Create an open-source database of best practices for
managing different types of e-waste
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There should have a system of collection and channelization in a place with proper
regulatory mechanisms. Collection canters can be created so that e-waste material can be accumulated at one
place.
All Central & State govt. departments, PSUs and other bulk consumer should channelize
their e-waste disposal so as to safeguard and protect the environment.
Government can provide incentive to set-up E-waste processing units for quick disposal. Giving incentives for setting up more units within the same state - movement of
material can be avoided and the disposal can be ensured in a environmentally sound
process which will also ensure higher revenue to the state.
There should be a pragmatic approach for fixation of Reserve Price of such E-waste
material because most of Government Dep't and PSUs is generally on the higher side.
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Thank You
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