vocación de comunidad. expresión, diversidad e identidad - arturo aguirre moreno

8/7/2019 Vocacin de comunidad. Expresin, diversidad e identidad - Arturo Aguirre Moreno

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VOCACIN DE COMUNIDAD

EXPRESIN, DIVERSIDAD E IDENIDAD


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AfnitaEditorialMxico&G

Coleccin ransente

Primera edicin, 2010

D.R. 2010 Arturo Aguirre Moreno

Diseo y maqueta Gato pardoS. l. , MddD.R. 2010 Afinita Editorial Mxico s.a. dec.v.

Va Villa Florence 18-302Col. Jess del Monte

C.P. 52764 Huixquilucn

Estado de Mxico

[email protected]

ISBN: 978-607-8013-06-2

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No alterar, no lucrar y referir en todo momento a los crditos de auto-ra y crditos editoriales.El autor y la Editorial han convenido en que Usted es libre decopiar y difundir esta obra por medios mecnicos, elec-trnicos, digitales y todos aquellos posibles, siempre ycuando se atenga a las restricciones anteriores.


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Est r fe reliz cn el py el Cnse Ncinl eCienci y Tecnlg (conacyt- Mxic) entr el Prgr-m e Estncis Psctrles l Extrner pr l Cns-licin e Grps e Inestigcin (2009-2010). Estncireliz en el Institt e Filsf el Centr e CiencisHmns y Sciles el Cnse Sperir e InestigcinesCientfcas (cchs-csic), Mri.

A Antoln Snchez Cuero,nuestro esuerzo compartdo: cosa de palabras.


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gos, dtdds odds.So qos q p q p-

to hst odo s dj q o do pzdo d q , so do gj gj so, s os pos ddos d odd s pspstos Estdo, q po-d do dstt d o o s pdo.

G. Ag, La comundad que ene


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AfnitaEditorialMxico

PRESENACIN

Vocacn de comundad so dss ttds d too so j poto: t st odd. Ats q o hso sjtzt dgo d dddds, q ss sts oddd poo osod os sgos xviii xix so q os tstos d stos ds dst dst d tdd os os ts, st o ttd opt o, so o,

os, s, haca o o.S t, d t , todo o

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to pod ts stos Prmeros y ltmosasombros, s oo sto Ser de la epresn.

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odd; po so oso td q tsoo ooso h d ps. Vo, dpoq oso s h o oto qsh, s gss d odd s s do dogo; posble poq st o d ps prende(to d, z) d s psdo h spo, sp o stdo d o q podoss h o st d optd.

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dq oso oo d os st,oo pt pss d dsttos p po tsto s ds t odd dd gd pos q soo s. D h q sto d odd s o-oto t os js, ps otot d ots ddsspts q st s sotd tododo ho d, oos q odd st o g tz o, o

g, sqd , o o d stosddos dds optdos, ddq osgos o os osos sos tss, gdos hstt d oj t p oot, sst, st popoos pos d sp os q g pz st popo popdo. L dtdp t stos pos, posddjs.

Madrd, otoo de 2010A.A.


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hho d q s ho, st s t g tp q soos, s tso o t p t st tt g q pos t h os t q s p tpo, d o pst, soo s ts po, doos hsto.Est o d os d s hs s q oshos hos d dstts s, ods oos s s os opdos

os tos dd ood po o so, os otos o oto. Asto q soosoo M B, Jsps, Ls Eddo Nodo tto q ps h s dds.

Cozos s p st o dd q s g o qo q os, gos ospoos os ddos, potos, stgdos,pdgogos, pds d , ddos, ogsos,sttos ds, so la educacn nanca,

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EDUCACIN y COMUNIDAD


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EduCaCIN Y CoMuNIdad

stos gtos, j s dds psso g os posos d d tpsodt o os ddos.1

Pos s ddo s sto d pot dd t d ss os

do t qos q d, to od ds d s otto q s so po q ss os dq os ddos q tt o ; z ddo s otdo p osd ttq s o q sd do go pso ts o d opds do. A p, podos td s popsts q tdt, potos, ogsos dtos d

sttos t so d; osttosq, o s po gt d gos dos, podos o q poo o d pdsts d o do o s os to d so: os ojtos so osos, dsoddos dss hhs s stdo oo pd ps,oj ddos, s tos, dso ttoso s s psos; ps ss q sto sdt s s d s s ps dto, s os pgts ss os tos: psp, sto s, o debe ser sodd, ddo os os gs d stos sstsdtos. Sp s h, o too so,d sttos osttos opts oo so Sodd, Estdo, Ct, Es, qs tos po o sp psoost d g pot, s d: to

1. Vs Wogg Bzk, Conceptos bscos de la cenca de la

educacn: anlss, crtca y propuestas, Bo, Hd, 1990,p. 114 ss.

o acaso dto, s opts os os,os ds d ooto, ds. Etdsq dhos osttos ss osts dssoso st so oo gz sttp, poo ps dgd, q s ostgts poso d t t q,spoos, s d.2

Ls gts t dsot s, oo pd s, ps s hho q odd pot so, oo so s ds do pot s d dsoo, sdsgdd sooo, s dspdd d so os sos ts, s dd dot o,s tdd s tds s, ss ooos

po s ds pts gds poos dos d o, dstzdos po o tog d s dds d 1980 1990, ds d dsdd d sos d dhst tt.3 E dho otto s oposd, ptd o pst st, q educacn s t osotos d s pos s d dpp p podto ddo, gt p o d odd pot,t so; s oo o p ot sdgos q sgdd stt opg s g d ts ds, tdos oo tstss d p ogsooto.

2. Vs R. S. Pts, Los ojtos d d, Flosoa dela educacn, ce, Mo, 1992.

3. M. Csts, Fjos, ds dtdds: to tso sodd oo, AA. VV., Nueas perspectascrtcas de la educacn, Bo, Pds, 1997; J Bdd,

E tss d o, H Fost (op.), Laposmoderndad, 6 d., Bo, Ks, 2006, p. 189 ss.


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No h q sopds, tos, s d potop d s g todos os sos d osq s pd h o: podos oz h,po o, d sdd d s posos,s ds, s os ogtoos s hos dp s ss p os ddos, sos, s o t, s sos, sots, s tt, s pzos tos,s ps p d os ds d d ps s d todo o q g so. Noostt, p tdos q h d pddsd os, d s ps d os pds d q o o os os, d os posos q os dd s oo oo to, d ts dojgos otos, d potos optos d os

pss sddos po dp so, todo oq sg. P q sto pd s do hstpo os otos d do dddos os dos,tdos q od psos o ojtddso dsoz t, os os sosd hos q pdd o d ostos ot (ps s h tddo q po o s ot poz so dspddq qz o oso os pss

toos), ods t h so t d g t d tjo t j, t d o o dotq s td po sooo ostt tods s ss d pod; po to, os ogdosodd h t so h q st osos, s ptoogs psqs q tto ddosoo ddos pd; djs d do h soos s d st pso d qos q

t ss stdos, s pos opotdds ddsoo poso q sto h

ot dos o ts os z ss stdos,s oo d po pp q p o s sd, s d, t d dz q td poots o z t.4

y s q s o os , h tpo os

tos q ptos d q qo q osd tods s stts, tos sosq t t, todos os pos o ggsq oo ddos tos, o h sdo dos d otst dt q todd psg dsd G oo stdo z d s d s os dts, sto s: tod dt s ps oto oq os optpds h j, dsd

, el benestar y la stuacn atemperada en el mundo,es decr, el ben comn y la elcdad de los ndduos yde la comundad en la realzacn de s msmos.

Qz, st g st q tstgos goto q qd do s gdo t poss, q p q o q tdos po d, s os q os ddos, ddos odd dsp o s pst go qpd s ormacn tal stdo stto.

P d sts oss h hdo jooto q pst. L oso, oo gdod ds stodo d s q s h tsto,h sdo oo t dt st tjod so o q d tds po dos d dsd Atgdd o ss

4. Vs H Go, Js, d dposod, Nueas perspectas crtcas, op. ct. Asso,

s, A. Ag etSto Sts, Pensar el mundo. Juentud,cultura y educacn, Mo, At, 2010, pp. 9-41.


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g dt sgo xx po oso t, ooog tso hspo. U s po hsto d psto ostq, so otds pos, s gds tts psdos osos h opdo pt o ds tjo topogo, pstogo, poto otogo, t ops dtdspjd d ostt , t d s ho, d o q s ddo, dos s d tso sts, ogtos psogos ddo, d sposddhst d t q d g t d dd d . Nos tos, d t odo,h dos sstos os q o s tt d ,so d , st sto, , s go q

s pd, s d, go q d s ptpdo pootos q d h s pott st ttot q oz os d d q s sod ; p o , s ps s sg psdoq o h ot d ho, so o so qos cultura: od so dzdopo g t d o q s tz os odds d st h tds,ss q s z po procedmentos so-

dtos tdos s stos tsts, dho, pot oso, po ogs.

As, otst o o q ho pod ops,hstt h qddo sto q po o s d, sto s, doo t o s sto d qtd dt.L d s actor operato ps, ps tdo d q ptto osoq s sstto q td os pos q

Astts do ptos, otst oos d theora o otp (q dtt po ssto d p oto s ssts ts, o s stts gts g), d s d d os qtd jo sp d ddo, jo, d ddo todo s dsoo t. Noos pop d, sto d ss,os pop o sts ost oo, sops d s doos d ddo.5

Es d sps, po o, q ostd ojto d tdds qt ts t o ots tts

ts oo so pot, t, psto, oo (oo to d ssttooto), s ds s dtdds sos,ts pots; poq s, d s soo s d d p s s ddo per se,q s s ; sto s: d ost, o s tdd, poso oo; ootodo d, s os q s tg stoho t psg dsd q hstq oh jo d . E po,oo s sosph, s saber q osst d, qs h d h o o s h d ot d; s s os dts oo o,tos so ptts q t todd odd, d ss potos, d ss s, dss psos d todos, po so s stdo,poq s po g d o.

5. Vs Astts, tca Ncomaqua, Mo, unam, 1970,L. VI, p. 4-5.


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2. E stos ds, oo otos ttos d psdo, do d o. Rps sto do dg soo d st s g pp d o tto t d tototo p opd st sto dootpoo. So st, s ots tstsq oso, tt, sooog, psoog, hsto, to pot topoog tdo t os sgos xix xx dj o dososs: ) q do o s to ddo, ojto d topogs s q dtos dsoos d s odds hs, ostt ) qd o q do s s hozot d os hs, dos stds q ho, po t

s o otos spos otos tpos, o os ts dsps.6 Co ss os, qoq os hos h p st, p o d, do s p o s ot, s o o s do d ddo d d s os qst o os otos. Ps o h q ho, s s os q sto pspo, o ssposdds q os otos tz o s st,o ss psos. E do s, tos, st od

tdo pos d psos tos hosq o tpo hos do p dos d,p d st too d dogo do o otoq pst, po t o ototo q sto st d oo oto qd. E do s, , st od d psos,q otst o osos, sto s, qto, to,ohsdo d t os q ts ss d stts s hsto.

6. Vs E. No, Crtca de la razn smblca, Mo, ce,1982, Ls stos ts.

D t odo, oo ts sgo xx, psto Odt ddo q do, do q sto, h dsttgo pood po dst tjtd hsto, t st s o pt, s d, s odos poss d ssst o s pj o os qtos d st q do pt dsto odo, po d t, , sdsts ts ds ds ts q ssstt os s tps otosos, ts sstt d o sgo st d odo, po todogo, dtoo d pt, todsg d s os todo qo q ho d os

s t . H s d sgo xx o: do st pdzos. L tstz sptoogs d h gdo s, s, ot ds dddds s odds.7

E sgo xx podo d do q potzdopo Rk, Cd C hzo dt q dspo tp s d psd ho t. Asds s gos, td oo jos os, dstdo t ost o dst d dooodo po sozdo dz s j po s gj ss ojtos d stdo,os ddos so hsts, dpsos,

7. J-Fos Mtt, La barbare nteror. Ensayo sobre elnmundo moderno, Bos As, Edos d So, 2005, p. VL d t; d so to, Vs La crse du sens,Nts, C Dt, 2006. Asso, s Ato Shz

Co, Ct t sso psto do d1939, A. Ag et al., Pensar el mundo, op. ct.


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stos sts sos.8Coo tsd oddd qdo pogso, gdtog od; stt t d to,d potos ts; qdo s hs dsd os ssos, os tottsos, os dtdos, oshoostos, os dspdos, s sos osdtos os q o gopot t d do oodo; st d g, sst totto d odo, to pod po h do, to to optdo po os tos ttosgos; s qs d ttto, spto, osdd d o, pts os ss q s q ost d todo todos, sotto d to

d dodd jo os tos d to gtso p;9 h qddo do dEstdo oo gdo d o ddo dstdo d s otdo d sosos jo posto; q, sd gp po oso q d st doop dsh op odo;10 po t q, oo pt d hozot s otdo qd z dsgd

d s ojo q s gos os stogds otog tz d os os os otos dos, s hs pott, t s s d jtd sotd s ds os d pstos d sos,

8. Pt Bg etTos Lk, La construccn socal de larealdad, Bos As, Aoot, 1968.

9. C. Poo Vo et al., Contracorrente. Flosoa, arte y poltca,Mo, At, 2009, passm.

10. Zgt B, Amor lqudo. Acerca de la agldad delos nculos humanos, Mo, ce, 2003, pp. 13 ss.

os dtos tzdos o s ots d s ods dsts ts d spto.

Costs d st do, d st dsgo d st tpo d sodds d ooto o o oo s q st tpo

d gst o , h q sto oso d ho o s h d d? qd hos d hos todos jtos d st stos oposos o po do d o? q s d h d tos po ddo do oo st, pss oo os stos, ds sos oos q sos tstos? q g odg t sd os ddos do s

os po s d tos q pdd,os otos qo q ss ogs s o?Q h d z todos os ds do ss stos t po pt d , q pod d sto ss os, d qs ss tsos otottsos dots,s ootos os posos d qh dot s o gt d td do d sos hos q odod dddds. Q d t ddo dss tos, o ot s sogso, s optt, s sg d t o ss sts osopo ost ostt d td ts, o, potos zosd os ddos o o dp o d sst.

Q pdd d g d dojo pos pd dspg ddo, pd

d , got p o o so pst(o so os, od ot d ss


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os, ospodtt), so td d odd, d d, d podd spto.Ps h q dj o, s, q os s ttd go ddos dg ss os, so d o d dtz d s so, d do d stos os, tods sts psos os d s h. E sto, oo pd poto, t sposdd oo doos, d o tos poss, ps sto hq doos tpo g, ddoq o q s g s s hsto, s sts; o so s ddos q gos s sd pdos dspdos.

3. H q st, d z, q ss osd s, ss os d tss dootos q os d po d ss, d pdds, s o q p s tstz, go dso t osotos; ps, dt tt d tsoh dpd tott d dd d osddos odd q s odh .11 Ps s sgo q o todo

ooto, s st d pod q ,s gt do, s d, o s o po g,ddo q s pot pd s o o o dd q s tg stt tpo,ot d hozot dd d ddo d ddo.

dos q oz po dsd, , qs os q so ots d

11. C. E. No, Css d d oso, Ideas dearo lnaje, Mo, l-unam, 1990.

t, dspos pt q t dosddos s pd d.12 Esto s: dotto dspdd po s o h d osdsoo os dts. Asso, tdosq h do qs os d t dod ojto d s s g tosopottos o ootos q t dd sp s ps p oto, oo sto dttd oto: ht, pt, st d, po s gs, so jpos d stoq o s d. H q sos, ds,d o q s d po d, os pososodts, q tottso ss s dspstos os smos gosos oo

p sos q do ot soos d o d s d dot, ps sqd d o q o s, so todo os os js, st opjo d ds potsts, dsqds ssts o os otos, s d dq ddo s ho q goz d tsd s go d td d s: s stoo ps d s so.13 Hos, s, d posos q o so dtos po s os

od s s d s s t dssos, os ps d stdo.

Ptos, ps, q s tdds dts sdso, s d, s g ddo dops ts oss dts q h d h: 1)ot tos ts oo ds, s,

12. Vs Wogg Bzk, Educacn para un mundo en crss,Mdd, N, 1990, p. 35 ss.

13. So st t s E. No, Mdt so popstj, El porenr de la losoa, Mo, ce, 1972.


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ootos, sttos, tds, dsq osd ot ( h d ssraconalmente) dneos p jo d ddo q st s ot oo popdosp s, p oo dd d s so;2) h d st tto qos tos tsq ot osd perncosos, h todoo pos po sotos jo sspdosd ss os dts, ostdo todooto, po otst, ddo o q sd s sos tos pstos ; 3) s h mantener qos tos tsq h odo os ddos tot q s ot ds q s os t doto, tgdoos oo todo o q os

ptos tos hos odo.14No ostt st t sstt

d h o q os psos q, hos dtz q dot dspg s pop pso ejemplardad d s odo o tosts osos, jo pt d s so,q g pos d s so h td oo s s pdo poto t dd optdo.15 Po o, o s d t q gsto osddo tchne, t oo, dsd gss d d o pd gg,ps s q pttds, tpto, t,ootos os d ps popds pho. A o todo, o s pos dj d do q po o d stos ds, do s h d

14. Vs J. F. Mtt, La barbare nteror,op. ct., sptII. L d d.

15. Vs E. No, E porenrd oso hsp, Elproblema de la losoa hspnca, Mdd, os, 1961.

d, s ddd q o s otog. Ps stdo d sts os, q sp dpd st sts t s p d ,oo s odd, st sjt o qpo, t ojt d jo d oto,ddo q sp s, oo ddo, sstdo (so, pot, o, s, d,tst, gos, stt t; soo odo d pjos, s, posdos ds).

As, d po sto tpo st d qhos sdo gos sgos d q gsto sotdo os dsptos dpots os, s d sz,

d oo po s pstos os podos os o posdd dsts oto sto o d oto, s oo st pso oo d os q poossp.

4. Es sdo q poso t tpso oo os tso dt (t dos ddos,ddo-ddo, s o do

oo st), poo o s d pd so d st d q os tos dtos sq gts so pts. S go, d o dosotos, do s opo tdod sos os poss s d doq d os tsos, h d tstdds ts hot d posdds ds. Esto pt ds d os stdos optp d dddd st d

os odos d s d d q. Po pt t


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os otos (otpoos, psdos dos)osotos dqos pos do qs p d d ps s psos o.16 Vos mundo, s, soostdos tdos, dos oots p dtt s odd h,po to pos, d ps. E do, qos h sdo ddo po os otos q oos osos gdos, h sdo tdo o s ps os d s ts, s o ps os qospodos h d. E do sst pt ptoo d soos soosddos d po hho dho d pso,d o. Soos o-sposs o os otos dos otos, o ot o ps d os, s d

sposdd o s t oddpst, so t o h d psdo pst do.

Po o q s o od q sstto d oso, s d dsoo t dOdt s ps hozot hstoo s pgt po d, pot o sss, so pgt po o s h d , , q p so s q stos, potos do too. S tt, t, doo d, d so q ggo eudamonaoo dd t q ho o oo sdo os elcdad spo, oo s po z q sposd osotos sos st t p sto ht d o, o ds, odd, st

16. C. E. No, La reorma de la losoa, Mo, ce, 1978,IV. o d ddd.

dddd d os otos. Ps dd spst dd t, o d d,so d d s, sto s o ododo hos d d odd.


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E j poto d o dto s dtod tso h. D to oto hsto d oso st tzd po sooq oso oto ( tdt) q po o ddo to ts sos tptos ddo os ddos.

Esto o s tt spt d tot otos ttos, d pdd p osopottos o d dd q sd ho pd opt s od ootos ss. S tt, p st, d q , oto o stt d dddd, q post g odto, so sgos ds, qoos otsosttts d ho. As, p d z d os

tos, tos, stt ds d o,s so osd d d ho q osd jo dtz d s topopsto(dsd s pspts dds d osogg ss ps osdos oss spto) ss ds dsos otogs, o so opts o gds otopott d sttoz dt,s oo ssttz pdgg o tog

dt.

EduCaCIN Y TRaNSFoRMaCIN.oTRaS FoRMaS dE SER

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad EduCaCIN Y TRaNSFoRMaCIN oTRaS FoRMaS dE SER


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EduCaCIN Y TRaNSFoRMaCIN. oTRaS FoRMaS dE SER

Pss q po q h pstdo d z d o d t-ooss o ts-o oo t pd s d ho po d; t sto, osd d psdo ggo d, todjo sgoptos, p q odos d pod os,

do hzo t st engmtco o d tso.1Es d t q ssd st h d s dtt d po q ho z s s oo posdd s pop d st ospo s s ttt jo, s osd od d, p pos os q od pod p ss opts od d os o dos

ss d t d, po to stsso stos d s an ormato.

Es st od q ho st td oo d do, d h s soo do pod po d otosts q o st h, q o ddo q,ho do, h sdo psos ss hstos odos

1. Eg gg d d p, d, dd z pd jg d dd p. E g , d pdd d y x d zp p p y d pd d g, q, ,, p y z. (V Gg C, Lasabidura griega, Mdd, , 995, d.) Cp, d d g, pq p q y dj d p ? L d p

jp d d dd, yj g.

d h d s, ss os ts d . Eos, ho h toddo dspsto dsdd d os d s p tpts opds, d mundandad, p sts spo tpo q t o ss os,odo od dstto ooddo

podd d ss os.2

Hos d oo q st h sdspg oo t d psos q gos, poq s st s oo o q s ddo po os otos s tdo d

2. S d d g y d , p q d d d

xp p y q d p dddd q j , g q p y q q d. S, d, d d q xp z d xp; q d d d , y d y d xp . A, d d N, A,d d q p d d q q p, d, d p qd, y p dd . L q dd, pp . U g, d z g q dd d, d , d q pd; y d d, q p d [...] L dg d d dpy d d pdd, pd dg, p y p: d d . E. N, L g

d P. N, Smbolo y verdad, Mx, A, 2008,A Ag (p.), pp. 02-03.



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stos ts, d ps ts pdzjd oto-o, s ost q st sds sst ogo d os ostt tso; ps o po tdo z s d s d o s ho sdsoto, s odo d s do,

dod todo to dto dq stdo oooo d odd.

L tso d pop st,oo ot tst d s d ho, otto hsto, g od d s dds s psos ods.Rtoos s soo ogo d oso po s t psto (plattn), t ddo -;ps t d oso q tsoo so pos oo g poptd d os ddos, oto ddo tpodd h, s d, po sgo v ...; so q ds sg o pots d o d s s, d posdd d s ho: p postdd pos s o ts todos osgs otos d d d os ddos, oso hos so q spso posdd t ptodo ho posto.

L p d s p soo s tgto ost, s oo s tz sto stdo otpoo, s o o sps ps d po dt: toos d o tsoh, d o, s gss d o d s do, hsttodo, q st gdo d os ggospto od d todo hso posto.

As, poq d sgd oo pttso sg o tot togoss d ho, ot d po d gos oso.3 Nosotos, ststs d dsoo hsto, podos oo sstos, po ost d sgto t

ss otpoos ps podos sosph. Ast sgto o os pd, poq st o q do os ggos dstd oo stt so: p qst sto do d Odt, q sst p t to os d d.4

L o t os posos otos o d d ho pood po pd o dsoo q to os sosts, s oos s oo s dsos q p oo oso sot pt,pd dos d d t q hos s so o p os d stopopstdd; o s t posod d so og d ddo, so t t d dddd odd st s dso, o os os q go op d d ss psos: os pososd o spod qos otos d dpo dsoo ogo s so; po, p, p ss posdds h potospt pto, s d, osodd pols o zdos logos

3. V E. N, S: q pd, Las ideas y los das, Mx, A, 2007, A. Ag (p.),p. 454. A, ., Og y dd d , ibid., pp. 443-452.

4. E. N, C d d y , ibid.,p. 393.



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optdo, o pst s z tsd. Coo ptzos, o st hst d pd, odd sssptos tos po oso soto-pt, d dj d s oo, tchne dodotdo d s szs z d

ts hdds, s sts tss o hstpots, o o stot dstd os tos ddos. L stt t d pd, q os z os o, s hho d q s os hs s dq, st dqs pd ogzs s sttdp h s ot poso dto jo d ho s dd h. odoo dsd pd gg s dso jo ts

sptos pods tos d ooto accn, s: ) ho s gotdpdt d os otos q o td; ) poppo, ho -oo os sos qopt os dos d d s dds ts, ) ttt ho s po tosspt s os d st q pt .

Vos pso ts. E ops hst

hos d ot o sgt: W Jg osq, d d d d s sddss pods d d d stdo osst o d tz z odo d s, z spt d tpo, po sod qs ts.5 A p, to d Padea osq, ddos os tos hstoogos o os qs t, to padea tzdo gtpo Esqo, t, dod pd

5. W. Jg, Paideia, Mx, ce, 956, p. 263 y .

poso d z d os os (ps) q s oodd d poso o os ds d dd, spdo o d o d sgo dpd s ts oos (tchna) dos pogtos gos. L pd s ddsd Ats d sgo v ... s dso oo

pt q post dd o ptodos os oddos s t dd oss ootos q s s h, tto st ooto d s s s ojto, poqst dgdos ot; tddo d q pt so s poso d sz,ss podtos os, t opt d pd s. Educar o spod,ps, sposdd d tod

ss pts: s dos.Otd os pos d , s

tptos otds so ben da, otto d pols, pd s dso s d tddo osd pd os os tdds tsdts stsss. S tt d poto spt sg ps d dso to d Jg, tto q s os optds ostt

o so. E spt s ps, d ptp dogo s s podo d gj d odd.6

As, pd spod o oto ttt ddo poso dosod d s dddds, d ss stos pots ss psosts d q sgo v; d t q

6. E. N, La vocacin humana, Mx, cnca, 996, p.269.

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad EduCaCIN Y TRaNSFoRMaCIN. oTRaS FoRMaS dE SER


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ds opo d psych og d d kalogatha q ot ps pos oo h oo osttptd ostt pood. Los tsd d spot o ,7 dpo s dds d os oos o s aret hos

sds po pop, d pso dsd dddd o d ho,d d q togoss ojdo d stp todo ho poo p o. L dd potd, sqd d po t odo (typs) optdo dotdo oto g p .

E hozot dsto po qostpos s s po spto ot p s dho q spod ps pst d pd st; s podo tt oto tos q tq o s d s od, ss os,ss os, ss dds, todo o q sost oso soto-pt t popod so. Eo so q pd s ot d ot sp o pols,pohos post pos popoos

7. S z q d k dp/ d / q p dg q d y (q q dd g d d d y d p d pd z y d y p) q d pd p dd, j y p dd z, qK p d paidagogie.

C., E K, Sobre la pedagoga, 3 d., Mdd, Ak,2003, p. 82.

ts sts p ho po to t ssogos poto-ts.8

8.Vid., P, Protgoras, 36 8 320 5. E pjP p p g d d pdpolytechnik Hpp, pd pzd pd d g Pd y pd p, p p p p, q y d dd p; q d j Pg p j . Sg, pd d g pd d pd gd d q N d d dd : dd,d y P . (Vid., E.N, S: q pd, Las ideas y losdas, op. cit., pp. 454.) L d interioridad, d dddd d pysich

g , , d dd, d d , q y pdgg ( Ag y Cd Ajd) d, d dd d d y d g q d d y . E : dd P y A, q p y d , d dd d p z d j p pd q y d d Ed , p, d p z, p y, p z d dd. Hy , p , q z p d dd,p dd, pd d d dd pp p p ; , dp d dd ; j, d , , j d p d q y gd ( y g dd) g p q d g d Repblica gd d Poltica p .

(P d d g pd q d g v ... d vaseP Hd, Qu es la losoa



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F st tpo q o o d t sdd d ddo o o oto oto. E dogo soto ( od d dt sost) oo poso d tso,s d, d tooo, o s od hst o pho d sto s

os s, o s, d pd t. Psosq ps s , oto (moto) d sto d s h ts-o. E pjosto trans- , s, o d otooo ts d; o o tos q s ho s poq s st s d s s ts d qo q, s s-pos, q tg q q o s (oto, pjo). od tso ps,

dg, oo oto (moto) s o-o: qd tdo s q h s q s h. E stdo stto, ozo d stoto s pod-s, ddo q st sto tso, ho manesta otd pot ss posdds, d otgd s st pod podto z. Es s poq o h st tdotogt p tso, po s

st q s movmento s h d dsss: dsdo d, ho ds dd q ostt o ss os; s d,ddos ormas, sdo s s so ddo dao do q s st po s tosq g.

antigua?, Mx, ce, 998, passim; y P Vy, Sneca y elestoicismo, Mx, ce, 995, Cdd d d, d,dd, p, pp. 49-67. A, pd

x d M. g G, Historia de la educacin. Edadesantigua y Media, 2 d., Mdd, Gd, 994.)

S dt q too s toposs, st g ggo tdt. Co Stsdtos q t sdd s t tdd o. Po sto st, t s psstos d too, stt od pd.9 Rst poq tso

pos, tss ds t o so o po d os educadores de laaret,so q o s og sz dsoo dho dsd s od t hst os dsq, dsodos g td os hosd pos, oj t o thos d os ddosdto d tdo d os ts q g s st po ss tos.

st s tto q oso otpo,od o dto, st ogd o oo s p o os pos dos dstos Odt. Lo q sttodo st o s d h todd o toos d ddddq tst ggo p t tosd h o, optos osos psts o q s pt. As,o Hto, d d q s d ho s

t (uess),10 t o s sh,

9. E. N, La idea del hombre, , Mx, Hd,2004, p. 07.

10. V g., B 5 Los lsoos presocrticos, . III,Mdd, Gd, 200.(A q j d , p y gg y pg d, y p d , z, d p

d . E , p d, d y dg p d j,



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o o t st so ssdsos sps, po tz dj o dto d s pdd d s d ho p ts to. E t st, st s ddtz d todo o dto dt:p st, sh .

Co Dto s t d q psto ggo z d dstd, s d: t d otog posdd h d ds o, ps tz (physs) d (padea) tt sjz, psto q d tso ho, tsoo pod s tz(physopoe).11 Est so d Dto t t-ooss o ts-o st q o stt d psdd ogost o o ds pstos d dd podds po sss ts q t ho. E tsoto d Dto tst d o d os pos , t st,d os toos o h osddo p tso h. Ps spod d tz o d toeterno q po (oo s t d

sjto po os toos), so, ts , s tt d

d q y j d q q , g phych, g , g yj pp, q pd p . D q d g d g y d dg -p, Gorgias, Repblica, ProtgorasyLeyes.)

11. D, g. 68 B 3, ibid. V Rd Md,El pensamiento antiguo. Historia de la losoa greco-romana, .

I, B A, Ld, 2003, III. L : Lp yD, pp. 25-43.

o q pt ddo do pod tod, so o oto d os otos, o s d dspos t dd.

L oo d psto oso t st physopoe(st tz q s s s)

t Pt d otog osodd(jos d s sp) d s q sto-gdo d ss popos os (ggnomapoe), ps s ostt s d s o-s q sst ss dqsos (ktss) o dd st,12 ostt po d hoo o ho jo q do s doto.13

Lo q s d dt o stos pos

tstoos osos s dto so dotog d s pt dso posdd d s s, d jo t st. Poq s togdo, stpos d st (ontopoess) s t gss pss ostt, ot d tdd o t o s otto tso. As, do Eddo No oso st pto, ot o sgt:

Es pos q psdo psoto ots s h t d phssh. Dto to, pdoso s p phss. Esto s ot,o so gstt, so po s potoso, ps o po q s ds s t d s phss h. U

12. V Filebo, 42 ; Banquete, 206 - 207 .13. K. F, T p Pp. A Cp

D, Fg, Bk , Oxd, p. 30 et seq., apud.,

E. N, La primera teora de la praxis, Mx, unam, 978,pp. 43-44.



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os s phss d s q , otos s phss q s, tdd d jstt s. L dd t d phss s sopdtpo s d. Dsd ts d oso, ggo phss do pop d os. L dopt st sgdo s

to. Qd pto, po osdo, qsdo ostto p os, s phss st: o pod s q osdj d s o q s. L phss opto d s. Po ps soo o dtoo, osttt t s d t, Pt od pstd d phss. E Flebo (42) osh d s tos q s tzd os ss os, t s s g to ds. Ests tosss s pops d phss og, sd, hts s d os. Hopos s dtd q s optod s t s ps ho,oo os, td o, po o tdd. Ago d sto zo Pt, ts q os psotos. P os, phss hs t: s o sspt dts-o; o s , o d spodt d os os.14

L d d st s t-o, t-o o ts-o tg s osdos tgs doo otogo, ddo q s tt, o d ooo dt d s so d -gd ho po s pop ; o spo osd topoog t dtd stos ds, psto q t soosttts d s ho. Poq s hho q

14. E. N, La reorma de la losoa, Mx, ce, 972, pp.88-89.

s ostt s ps, dqd, hst: o ood ho dsd s og d ddo s to oo s sg g p todos. E hodq dd hstt ss popsos d s, o s q ddo o s phss

o . E t st, s posdd dto, shto d , otopss,s ddd d s ho o o tq t posdd d s-s: L phsso tz h, podos d, po tto,q o s t, so artcal: o pot, odot d s d, pz d tso.E s os d psot qd std s d d d ho oo s to-

gto (o q ho os s ), dd ho o, q Pt o ddo p novedad s po pot otogo.15 Lt d os psdos ggos , po tto, hho d q ho o so pttz pdd d q os ds ts d cosmos stpdos ( posdd d s ttt s),so q o opot st ho s to h d osts ost d

dt tot, poq s st o s os o .

Ads q d d tso otopotos o d s q ot ssposdds, q s gst tst q t st t dod s dspg o s gstq o dspo st d dstt(ddt) dstt (s od h).

15.Ibid.; , ibid., p. 5. Ad, ., E. N,Los principios de la ciencia, Mx, ce, 965, pp. 37-39.



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E dd, st ds d dddd q sncrementa s st d ho do, ps o s stg spo tpo,so q t os s d ts s dd.16

S tt, s, d po otogo to. Po t q oso sot d pt; ddo q o Sts pd ot o to dt d ds shto d d. E po d st s pgt ostt d o d s d, po s o so os tos hos,sotos autocrtca d s os d s q oso todjo dddd. Ngst s s t p qh oso dt, g qh d d s pottq so , , o jsto, dd,tt.

As, pd pood po oso, oto Sts stdo t d todo dstg tzdo po ps sqd d ; ps, o s tt d tss d oos o odos d d, so d

sqd ojt, dtt, dg totq sto s tzs ps d s osts s dsposos optds s q os hoss popsos st. Ng o d, g odt pt ptd ddt od, j s dstosos, s dspsd d st sptso tsoto, d st dt p q ot

16. C., E. N, Og y dd d , Las ideas y los das, op. cit., p. 452.

t d dd so s s, so s o s h d .

L toos d tooss, stapropacn d dddd tod phss h po d, sd poHto Dto, ds o Sts t d tot oo p o d. E ooto d s so s odoso d d dddd oo tdo d spos os hos q do st h od t s popo; dod os os o s pd d os pots dos potos o os sosts ( d gsto hhopdzos po s pots os d os psts s ds d oso d s oddsd stt ttto d s dststs), so q s g d oddtospos ostt ts dg dsts psos.

E llamado o vocacn humana d Sts ddo d (therapeas psych), ddo ds (cura su) q td s osos sotspostos, s o q pso h

o d d pd gg. Estvocacn h t sstto ot t q opo Sts s pop d s, opd, j pd spop dddd. Poq d h st do dj d tpts s s oo o poso sdo, tpo, osst oo g, oo po qos op osttt s so, spo o, s dsd, st postg, poq s ot



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oo dd pst gdo d stdos, o ost t d st; os, soz so oo t t dsps d oso s t ds d todd.

D t odo, d oo o dtso t dsd oso sot t po to o d g o d d: o d s sd po to posdd d ot t stgd po eros (studum, t) o d s s po odd oo t. L ot q st oso sot dos pt opd ds d qhoto q o s sjt os ptos d topoto so q ot sost. Ats ,o pd sot o d thos, oo odo ds d dddd, s to d t tso dt, o o tdo o pt d dgg s td po o joo d td.

Ld to, stos os os ot d d ps ,

jo d d ho oo s tso s s so s tos ts s posdds sts o st dds ogt, so q s tzptt s tdd p q tpo o o so dt d s dho, ts , pt od otogot d stt q ps d to, qs ooo o o oto os otos, ps tod s tpodd tt dt d ho

t std o. E po qds otoog d ho pd s ds gt tospos d o-o.


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1. Co p s d z do. Dso,do, dt, do st o qsoos o: gos odd , st, tos odt dd d p; s popdds s, poq sps pos ooos d d oto q sdt. E do s -o o tods ssds, q, tt, o sp d s oss t osotos. Est p q s os pso, os s os o, od gos, poq st dddds h t d p d, s d,q q s d to d oto pot dd d o sto. Qz, z, s s, o acallan ot dd o to q s; po, psslencosa s ps, ot stdddd. Es st s o d p, s st sps o q ot po to osposdd d ds s, d s s p do. Q zs, q s, q osts tos pd ht s o, sos q os ostt?

Eto s dogo, s q o sto dh, s q s ds st

st. Ht do s s pdh-shd. Esto o s otto

COMUNIDAD EXPRESIVA.MUNDO y DIVERSIDAD

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad CoMuNIdad EXPRESIva. MuNdo Y dIvERSIdad


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otgt, so osttt d s q soos. Dt q odd ojd ps, odd ps, o s odo go ojtoo s d ddos. Ats , s pt d hozot optdo. Nojtos s ds s, so

odd dspos psto q dgo mo,q s td s td dogo d o dho o q qd po d.

S tdd p q s dogo stp t s ossts d ops,o q hos d dt s q o pt s o dt dspos d tod o-t. E dd, so hstos os odos dps, po o ps s.1 El encuentroes en las semejanzas y diferencias, por cuantosomos quienes somos, pertenecientes a modoscompartidos de ser (ya sean situaciones histricasy, en stas, situaciones culturales, polts, sos,os, tt), st st os sp os po, poq s ho, s ps,s s dt. Pos st -jopdos q os os sos stohozot q s d o sto.

Ros dt, sto odo,os d ps q so dots d dodd, po js pts, poq do s o oo s t sts psos; pt p d o ddo do, opto. Pos os d ps o os ss d s

1. Vs E. No, La dea del hombre, 2 s, ce, 1976,tod. Asso, D oo, Eduardo Ncol, la losoa

como razn smblca, Bo, Resta Anthropos , Et N 3,1998.

os o-oos, os tsoos, do do st pos do. Ls dssoddds ots, oos dttso dsd o q os h sdo ddo, pdspstopo qos q os pd, odo td sto pst t ptt d po.

As, os z q tsps do d to oto oo d os, t zd, d hozot q soos; po,stt, do t stz q s d p o q s d stost. E dd,

, s z d do do. E do st osttdo, po optt osttdo. Bjo

p , soos sotdos; jo sgd stos tos dd dposs. Po st ss s stto, ddoq stos jo s dos os a la ez.2

Edos o, optp osposdd, q s sp dsd posd d d pt d o q soos. Lsos d ps, so os ts p s,p hs o oto st po d dds

sts d stdo q t tts ots, poq o s s ps qos qg odd un rado de mundo. E sodo s o todos, p todos, os oodos dsoodos, p todos qos q os otos o os q stos posdd d to, q, d to, so d do.

2. M. M-Pot, Fenomenologa de la percepcn, Bo,rba-Agost, 1985, p. 460.



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Q dd st od s tsod, s posos gds o stdo shsts dtds, o q so podtod tts ds os s. L od dd os tos psos s ptd td q os tz p d stdo

oo t d st. Dd q s z o td, os otpoos os dos. Poq tto d sto do s od s o, o todos, q pt pdd d ssts psos os pdspg s s d optd, p s posos dtdds q os ddos .

L posdd d s so, tot

o, dot d t so hsto sos ssts psos q so podtosd ot dgo. Podos o sopodos, oos o so odos do, poq gos tpodd, hsto.Etds q tod hsto s d, sto s,ds, poq s q o pstoo odos dts d psts. Es to d st s, dt

ps, t hs poss, q s hoq soos dq stdo oo do do.

E do ps s, ps, o d q dsdd hst d do os h, os do q h sdo pos o q s pos h. Lsposdd, s spod t sto o spopo optdo, s ps o todosos tpos psos, s q go qdto d dh o, t os tpo t.

2. S go, d st sgdo. Lo sopdt,o ps d o q qd po d, osdt so q sposdd d sgd dspos dogo pt o td os otpoos, d sg pdo dpos, d st, hozot d o,

d do g stdos, o possto d doo odd, q s o os p s, s os g st.

Los tos dos s ds, sogz ds tpot p d ot dd d dopo dogo. Es d d s, sto s, td d p, q potg sto-stdo o tts p s pst.

L qz st d os tos dos, posdd q os g p d gdd d do (os tos ts ooos tstos, tos, gosos, potos, tos, ds) pst pt hho d stdd osttt: so os o s sos opdos. As, poq s st hho d q d o s o-ssst,oj d dddds ds p

tod ost, so s posdds os q s t qs q s .

Es od, q sts ts d hstoooos oo sto do, s h do stdo t d h. L g dos d ps, oo ssts d tdd do, h otogdo tps os oos q t sto ot. Dsdss oos pss d os otos, o tddsp, s pd go s q popdds



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st t, s pd pdd d s s sso, s popo.

3. S dsdd o h do. L g d sdd s ops d s ds

dsdd d dddds , po tto, ts o s odds q oo do. Etdos q g pd dpdd do os totos ss oddspd s sdd (s ptdd dot s os ss d ps s). L pd s st d s popdds sts dog s ds d stdos q pd spopds, tptds opdds. S todo

s g, s t dj d s oto-o p s tdto , s o d s, do, tos st dj d s dd d stdosts p ots dd odd dos odos d s s os d ps. Es d, tz d stdo-tptos d dtdd stdo o: s pd todohozot d ops ps, tod popddd d sdd sts. y o ho q pd t hozot p s sso o oto-o, hozot dsp do podd d o nmedato o, h p s.

E po s q d s-dtt d dt d ps, ddogo, oo st: s pososs d q. Es q oto dj d s symbolon, oso d

optdd st, ddo p sdo

d p jdd po q po sgo ooto,po dst d s ds.E oto o o s llaman la atencn, o s tott ds sh; o-t sd otdd dt, jt jd,po o pd opts, oos

o o.3

L tdd t s dsdo o st ds do s ds s dtdds pops d s dddds sodds, do os otpoos o sops d s dgt s ttdd, sssdds, s os pops d stdo ooto po.

4. Adtos q o d ps

s ds st s st tddd otog ospod ts d hooo pso-pso, sto s, q ho s s pso poq tod s tdd ps djh , ojdo s oo d sddpso (dtdd pt), ot hst oo t s d s s. Po s d ps s t pso poqs pos dspos t st, q s

st oo tpo, tdd ostd ts do, o s t pt.Epsdd o s psdd, so q s tdd ho s p s so, sodo t j o do, do o ddo s st. Los tos popos, s z,j ps os ds, dj s h ps poo s ots psos. L ps,

3. Vs E. No, Los prncpos de la cenca, Mo, ce, 1965,Fooog d j.



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oo dto osttto d s d ho, o sopd so oo o d o pos ds t d psdd q tsd dddd s dsd dod s g; s,ps, s ospod d os dd .4 E s stdo s q ost

s podd: ojg d psos psos, oo pt d sos d d q o so dts s oo s d dddd,o t d tos stos oo sos os optds, s sdds ots osd d gts (gds d td d s s). Es po o q dh oo sst, stt, oo od d

st do, oo sst d psos q s d tdd ps, tto d d ho s os q sto oto o o oto, s do dos d tdd s pss (t-dts).

to t oo d so dgs,po to s td q tod tss,tso d s os d ps

ostt od d to, o so poqs z s os ots q psg t d, so poq s o pdds o s po o os ds. E otos tos: t d so os otos d o dogd q spo tod odd, o t t, so, t, psd d, ss dsos ds psos.

4. C. E. No, Crtca de la razn smblca, op. ct.; p. 46.

As, do d ps, t ddot so ds d ot so,ps o s ddd d ho s td.Po sto tpo s odos s qresponde t dto dsgo ttod to d ho (po to ttto

d s odos, s oo os d sts ozosdds pzs st q p st tpo), tstodo dsposd p o o d st qs st ho d s odds, st opjo t d okoso t to,d odd o h po hto , po d, q h dos s hodos dtos d tod posdd d

t, td t ps pos ds ho.Poq os odos d s pstq s pod po d sos o ooos tds q spod s d st d ho q q dsp opds s so oo posdds (o sps sdds) d s ds st ps. Esto p pop tt d d d d d sto q op

ho o d d s, po d osds s d st, q s sost sds psts pdts.

Es t dt tz td dps, d d ho, q s t dtodos stos os ostttos d do,oo tz posdd d stdd ot. Esto, dd, o spd pz o ddaskala, o ss

dds dos topogs oodts.



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L t d s sdds gos, spst d toog ogzo g,t jo t os tos tsgts s os d ps (tos,t, soz, st, d, ds) q so szdos oo pt d ts

ots ogz so; s go, od d oo t, sts o ostt tst stt s p dz stdo, p hozot os spos ddd to o os otos.

Est o poq o dd sd psto, so po postg sps dos hhos os dst d sstss d tdd d s odds

pdd d tos sdos, q o s ds g td pt, po q po os dos d conmutacn tdo sot d oto, o h ddo g t o t d st, t dds dts potos ts: dootot q tt togt o s oss oo odos d s poss s ds poos; dd q s t p d do,

dsd o s d s, d ,h dd d dgs s spos osszos otos.

Ctt, ottz hst ds ts s os d ps opd s sosd, t q s q optz ds d s oposdos d tos ts d osots p ost st; po sp

h d s s d to q h d do

g d todos. Esto s s, ddo q os stdos too t d d td qos odos d hos so ps-ps de en o oo s dspg st st.S g dds, st t po tos spdts, oo so: g tss

d ooto s d s sttos gposq tdot o h, dtddso st d s, o d op o d s o d d ho sodd p os s s o. S go,t os ts os q s og d hsto, dos t os tosdts q h sostdo tod o ottt morpho-logca ( tso d

st ps). Esto p o d p q tdd d st,ogd po sdd d s d dtosoos ps, q so dt tgdosoo o d g t d stdo hozot d do. Atd stos tospost tg g d s stosds os dos p so d o, s, s sdds ots d stotpo, tpodo, sp, d hpgto dd go, d d o-o ps o o.

Los pos pods os q s t oso d t d (oo sptosd oso d ps), od gss d os os q std do szo s os d s opos ost-dts, o d spt

sst d d d ho, os



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63

osts todos p o jo ssdts.5 S ds do potos t ss ddos os smos sotos pedaggcas ps, q so tsoo spto d posdds d stdo, odo s osd q ts dsps s

ts o s ddos d dtdd so ds sds ots d s dspzds. E goopso, t q pd gssd do oo ps h, t ooos t do d t p t q s po, s otpoo,t s topoogs pdggs: s hoso pttz osttttd. Ps, st d ss

dsdo d s ds, poso pos dtdds dd d dtz (qtt ot tpodd, s d, pd o oso q s ojdo d hsto, d tdosoptpds). H dtto stt odd tog, posd o s sdds pgts qg d o d.

5. Ms d s dsspos s oddsd do, s d sgos dsd sptos tdos po dsto; so odd, d, t s dho h d ots so stdo dtdo

5. E st stdo s q dt otog do ho, o o t-dto tod oso d ps, h qddo sd (q optd) po ts q s d ho d

d tt o d ps,pdd po No.

d st otpo, oo psptq d z d o q s pos h. L tot s sposdd optd o o ss q odd d os dssos potos dos. S s q o s tdh os ds stos, po, s z, h os

tos ostts q oso d pss, ps d to ttt oodot os os pos d osposddoodos oo ss , po d, z todos os ddos odds os gsd spto ooto po s ds d ssssts d ps. Esto s, os tos psdos,oo o ops s pss dd stdo, so tos d ds d do.

L td d ps, q s p ops d to, s tgo d acto os tos d d tto ds sdds; sstto st d s ts. Po oq todo tto d odd, s s os s, st host o so odddtd, so do oo too soo: do sto.


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1. Hos do do. Aq, os os ojos p h d hozot q o ttd s sts; sos gj oz pop p enterarnos o os otos; tosos psos, zdos d go, o d stostos. E st do, tos s os os spzs, s sos os oposos q dd o s oo t o so o pos. Vos do, st tdo dposos ts, p ps o ddo, o pot q s o q, t osotos, tosd sjt: soos dso, d s, d do d o pot dho q tos hos dts pst.

E d d qs soos, psoso q do s: o d o derso o

o, pdd d psos q ersan, o ssdos sos, so dd optdq t stdo, q s ht. As, dosdo o-s d sts psos,ps sts s h ttjds po stdo, po oo otos optp dst tdd. Po st o s , ps errares de humanos, t z, po o, os dos d s tts s ds dd d s zo, s d stdo d stst. E dd, sos h d osotos, o

vENIR aL MuNdo

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad vENIR aL MuNdo

h d d d d d d d


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so o ht pos, so q, ds, osos h o post jo.

Es d t q ps, stdo ts so ojto d tostgs, d poos toos, poto so st stzd d doq os pd, q os to os d sdso o q o t po os d zd.S podos do d g : do t dz s ptt poo d st , s q s st dsdd d p o ss ts, d stos hos, tssos os d d q soos s ds q hos, stpo q s d. Poq hos do q

o st g gd, td hstt:os pstos, s s, os sttos, osds, s osts s os, s sttos s s d optos. Co os, do os, os oo, ps st do d psoss ot, hos pddo dst o o o s ss ps, po tsodos soodds s oos, os os ss odosd s, pdos otos stdos p

sto g, sqd po g stdt q po, dsd st g spsod st p ps.

2. H q d d o do. Sgo, po z d os hhos s poso q do s h to ds-t: st, s j djdo t -d, hspt

host. Ps to s sstos dho

dsdd d st po td dps q t sto s os hhos osdst o dsdd d ss ozosdds, oo dj sspdds s ds ss,sots o sttzdos d hdd ,jst, qtt ops; podo sspso

o zo d ho pogso so, s ssto sdo, , s tto t d os tpos.

L psdd pd ss ps zos,ds stdo os qdos o odtt dodo po to o-opt dssp d s dddds otdds s. Vs ds ts qpotgoz d o d osotos t o so

o postg, o os pdd pg os q tg sjtdd odd, gdoos sst ps o sg t oto d dsdd.

Pdos stdo, dsos, do g hst d o tdo o zo o pos, s t qo q pd d t stto t ot. Ps o os d dosd sgo xxi q os st dg po, tdos dtz q s s jo os sgos d g oz o,d tso g d s odds o gopot d s t osdos os s hdd; st tpoq s gst jo pdt pot spgtdd dstt, s potos sos o s dddds; st tpo

o s og tog, d d s


d d d d d d


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69

doogs, dsgdd t os s dd, to dogo dspopoodo, go d d pd s s doso oo, (ddo, st to, po t p d o so). Es st dsopos tgos d s ts ss

os d d t dstz t, sdspos dsd poz, os os, os qtos sos osodos t t qpost o so, o tsto, o goso o sststs dots. E , qpo og ts sttos oo hsdoogs p ho o s . 1

E st po, spto d tttp , p pos pot

st, ps o q d ds ds os,po p, p os, p d stdo dd q oj. Po poo spo podosot ogo d st o od,q s q ds os pz z stt pos d hzo so todo o q dho d dsdd q hoso. No tos tpo p pot d,p z do pso s dspzto

po st od o d s oss. S d gostos sgos, ho q pdos pddd td (psto q st q d qtd o qtt d o pos) s q qo

1. Es p og q dsd sooog topoog ht s pd so stos stos do t od, po po ho s st oo, oo s d ot, A o,Podremos r juntos? Iguales y derentes, ce, Mo, 2000;

Cfod Gtz,Refeones antropolgcas sobre temas loscos,

Pds, Bo, 2000.

q st po , o s sto po do to, so o osdo q so- op sstt p od sts oso t toogz ss p d. Es, o ps d stdo d osso, opd ds, ts ptts, sos o

spzs os; so tdds tzos,o o-op otgotz s, d q o ssst so ssd tgo, o tdd d dso q o st d o q t, ho q do st to, t sodo.

3. Dsd topoog, oso, toog sooog (dsd tssdd to s dBdd d to h sts stos)go qd o: t tt osdd, do sos, s pg s . L d s dsto o d s tgos q podos tzp d z d t otto, so oshhos sos q st dsgto, t, opso, d dsoposd sts otos tos sgs ps. ods s t oo og, ts ps, t d g d o zo, s psos q g god o dtdo, pdo hso q o o dsdd o ot o ops otst d tj doto, d totso d qos; , q do s os sstdo d st, s sdos, os q s oo s, ps, hst gtdd d ooto


d s s d os otos hst o d po ts os posos ptos d ptdd


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d s s d os otos; hst o d o popo.

E sst d st totdd d ozosdds, qos dsdd q o o poo pdo o s os os tos do,s stdo d pos spot d o

ho t o dto. Po s q qsoss s ps os p o, po sq gtos z os tos hos dmundalzacn o mundo go, s pso tzq st ojto d os d d ssths po ss opos o s stdo d po t o d osso t psot os hos. L t s qddo sdo, pt s odds, s odds

s hsto, s dddds s potos, dd q sts os dos s d so: h dso sdo d sodos d d, d qo q s h p ; o s tst, tt, os dosd d po os oto s ts. As q tss go s sto to, s dddosos otos; tt totdos tst gtdos.

L toogz d sts tos, q o podos go, s h tdodt osdo sts psossos, pots, ts dts. Co o , t d sos oz po s st d soddd ot tso d stdos, o s d pt ops dos s otzos d s dtdds ts qs osd sds, sts s tpodd,

po ts os posos ptos d ptddd o dt.

E po d stos ds s q os pddo do dd q o tos tpo qpd t dsdd. Es tpo so pq s pos tos, os t tod

s j d os ds ts q s o,tddo s opsos s ds tsdo d s ds dhzo.

Poq d tzs : st o odo t ptp, g t td d o odo, o os t pdd q d o s s o dp d tdd; s spo to q so s osod sodz d ss os o os otos dts,sto st q s d d s pos.

4. No s t dj q ss dogoj po o s, o stto d spto to t os pgos s pots d sttdd. No s s d psto d,po os ds q o, t d o ps,d gst tstz q t s

dsto d stdo, tso d ps odd h d os pos tsq tos. Es dt q o podos st dos os d st st qtts ostos d; s dt q opodos gojos oos dsp ds oss sos, s odos, os os ts d s ts s dtdds s dsposos p o d pop d ojo pos; s sso dt q o podos


dt d osdd d od d poq st s qz


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dt d osdd d od dd s dsdo s so s stz dd os st d o s2 qos t todos; dd q st os h tsdo, o poq s s g qt tod to oto o s, so poq

h s psos o s podo dst pst td, po to dho d sdts. No podos t st st tg, , poq hst so t ss ts, stos, q p q s t t q s tot o q g d o hho o q s h; po ho so pst os ts os qs d s tsp d todo.

Po tpoo podos tos o pto

d q q s op so d ,o q ptd op stt t tgos js st dd;sdo, s, o d psto, q spop po sposdd od ds ds d soso, o s s s ptd d do d d s dsdo. H st dtz qo q dt M-Pot dos q

A s os poos so o q pods t, d t, sz,s todos os q ptp , dsps dh hzdo d z p spos pjos, s tg dd do jtos [...]. Po st so o szo. Ls dssos d sto tposo t oss poq sst dd

2. Vd., P Bod, U gt pt Seleccn de artculos. Le monde dplomatque, Stgo d Ch,A os os sos, 2002.

, poq st s qzq g oto d oo, s o q stpog, s zs d dsdd, stooss d Fot.3

E ooto ot d dsdd, stooss d st od do po oto, d

dt podos d z o so poqos t s ps p o, so poq s sst s zos d o zo, st ooto sso sd t tt dp, poq s pos ds o q d s oss ho d.

Estos t d totdd d ot, sdd d s ozosdds.Lo q hos d pgt s q qd poh? Mjo dho, s pos h o stdo t d d os jos s ds, t p d d s tos, os d sts tds posddssts?

Es o q o podos p stdooo tdd q s t so d d sts psos, otogdo ohs os gos d d, os s s h. Estdo, ps, o t s g z to stz d o s o q s hojs d sts os. E stdo d, esta d do, st s q opd sods, po q, ho o sos, pdos o. Est s q s ps ss ps s d gj q h pddo

3. M M-Pot, E ho dsdd, Sgnos, S B, Bo, 1964, p. 304.


d qs os q o pd d os q o hos dho otogo st d


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d qs os q o pd, d os q oop pst q t o do.

Qo d, q tt zqdd jst,tt odd std d pdd, q ttozosdd ds, ps, o os p d q go qt o s spos q t

osto, oo too, q d d gs osso d op psdd q os os tdos d sos, o op otos d d. E stdo ot dsd s pdd q ss s optd, ot dt. Po sdoq pz, o podos gos o o q oso po oo sgo xx: stdos dso poq t osto, t dd, s sdo, o; stdo s d ps d

qos, os stos, dos d ots ttds,o otos dos; po stdo s t d osd q, osotos t dts t popos, os, o otos. Ddo q stdo s oso q d s s q os s ost, q oos podt d, q zoos, o po djo d o s,so ss ds dts q s st d o oo oto p ops

os d do. E , q stdo st st, q st do ser que es epresn,q g po pss ss s d hspst, o t st t os otos. Q stdo, ps t, qs gshsts, st posdd d s pdds d sto gdo sgo xxi. y o o o spd do oo go dstt jo, pdos, p q os d d o, td d

hos, dho otogo st dpo ttdd d dos os.

S s pos opos, tg ood d do o q dsd h tsdds s h tzdo po psto, o st d sposdd os

dds o pd q q dz popd, o o q so, so o q qdpo q s ps o.

E st stdo s q q do dsposto d dt, d dtos t ttdd, popgd, t g dzs gzds o pdd d dssosd ss. Dssos q d st spz g sto po o hspto ddo oto. Po s dt d ot soz, d oo jtd q d d sos p o o d potst q h pddo, o so os dsoso o t dsdd , so qso todo pddo g s h gdo gst t to ss posdds. Ujtd q o s dt po s s, so q sqtd o ps d do

s t pstdd p os sos, os hos sp.4

So sto h q o st, pot tto h q sst t o pt

4.Vd. E. No, El porenr de la losoa, op. ct., (Espt p. Mdt d potst j.)


stdo o d , tsso,


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Sgdos sopo d , q os os ts d t sp d pq tdo, pd o s h qtd so d s ttoo. B o sos s o s ss o, os, ssts q pooo hho hodtdo: st h, jtos, o-jtt sst s sd s s posdd q

oo dt stt gso d pd, ostt dsoo oo ts ts d o. S s oss ts oo hstho, o h o d q st oj ; pss s o d s o s ostt d q spds, pds so, o os os oto tto. Sd s dt pop d s d st: opdd sodz pt,s oo do jto o s

os ts, os s d s d st tz, poq d hho so dttz. Aq o h pstos sopss,d o dt sgdd d s st os pop dot d s, o s t physspop.

y s Pq Mo d Cods o ERto d Mdd, t o pd sdtd o: o d s psojt sd tpo g ostt con

PAISAJE y SIUACIN:LAIUDES DEL SER COMN

stdo o d , tsso, so q, p, otdos ps dos tos os d st td p -do: o d odd.

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad PaISajE Y SITuaCIN: LaTITudES dEL SER CoMN

otras cosas. Est gdd ost o so ospod o d s q puede, sto


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g odo d s d pd o, d gso , d hoj po... , d tot ddpstd stt q todos os oo( pdd d s st) s o q pt ggo dsgo oo od ddo, s d,

osos, t o oo -so. E ts d ps d Eddo No st s dto t, po to s q pos d p: S s dd, dd d o d-so, q s pst sos s p, gdd, d, tdd,odd td o- oto otgo d os stts.1

L pd o q ho s tg sto

psj s t ost o d opso, so d totdd q osd q os pst ddgt.S qtd t pjdo dto d s ott:so o-oto q o ps, sts -ps dt t, d tso t s d st dspstos dd. No s s pos ost d s p, poq d hho ot posdd d s d ot . S d q

st destnados s jto oto; s go,s odo d do oo os dsd osod No s optt to: dsto

1. S g d p vaseEdd N, Fg y d, Ideas de variolinaje, op. cit. E p d d p E. N p gd d Metasica de la expresin y pp d p, p La crtica de la razn simblica. (AN p I d F d cchs-csic Mdd.)

p q p ,s, q t s stt posbldad d hot ss dtos, q t tt d t ss odos d st pos t osos, d ds ss os o so,o os otos o o oto; q t, t,

pdd d o do.Iqtt pot s st d s q o s t qtd d s t,oo pd o, so q t st ds s, d tso os ts q ostt stt d o q s q s, ps s ostt pot d -ost, d sops, d o o, p o t q ps s ostt oo

st ps o q ; gdo sdd tpo so ot tpo d hsto, hdo, o s , d psdo o,d pst t d to po.2

Es o d s ps ps d ho, dst s q s h o d p, o q os pttos d d q h t od dadod o dtdo o d osos, odcreado po s os ddds d ho; ps,

do ostt o s ps d d osttt q s os ops pt d posdds p psd dstt. E do s, , odd psos, poq s d s gdoq s d s, s d dotodo: dspgdo d pt

2. V E. N, La idea del hombre, , Mx,Hd, 2004, Id. A, La idea delhombre, 2 , op. cit., Id y P p.


tz dtd; qdos , oso, st, pos q so os


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q qdo dd o tps dospsjs ddos, o odos dstts d opstdo q o t, q o h s tot os ts d st q h do do.3

E ps, ho tz os tsd s oss os ts d s s so. L zs d t pd o o sps oo d d d, ost o psto: z s h, s to d dd q os p ,ps o d s ps dot d stdos q soss ss o t s ots d s dt; stdos q dq s o o

ps, oo tos d td td d s qs pdd d o o ddo.4

L ps, ps, tso t dd so, st ttoo tod st t, dd pst sspt d s psd ds s, d s optd htd, o sod, d odos dsos. E ho dspo,s, sg No, d oos s oo s,

3. V E. N, Pj y dd, Vocacin humana,Mx, op. cit. Hy d Pg , Las ideas y los das, op. cit. A. p pg d Metasica de la expresin ( d 957; 974), y g d pj d Banqueted P 9- y ., p.I, 2. L d d dd d p N p g d , d, p d d g y d d q p -y p d x: , dd, d y xp.

4. C. E. N, La idea del hombre, 2 , op. cit., p. 02.

p qdts d pos t, d sts do.Dspo d ss os, o oo ptoo dtds gts, so oo dsposos q sgsto tgo s d ps ooos hsto-ts, s d, sts,

q o tsoo o ostt ds s. S opd s q:E do o s so; s h od o pstos, s,sttos, ds, osts os, o s sttos q d st joopjo p tt o s oss o osotos. E do s oo ogso q ho g p dspo oods st t. Los otos ss

ogos o pd tt o tzdtt: son tz. E ho p dtt, o o o s q o s t: st, t, p, z. t o dsd god, gdo sp po g d d spos t. Q og d sod s d d s pos s hsts,o d s q so os pops,o s s.5

L st pop d ho s so-t. Edo, odd t so popddsd s st, poq s pod o ps q o so tso dd, so q,stt, o tso so. E doh gdo s, s, hozot q s dspg o d ds, s d psjs po so os s ; tto q jd d o-oto, d s so, s ot

5. E. N, El porvenir de la losoa, op. cit., p. 243.


podd po s os dgs os s s. E ho s d sos ts poq


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g oos t o oto-o: pos o d s; pjos os os d st p d o q sth sts dsoptds hozot d d, d hsto,d o po.

E psto oo jstt hos pst oo ser de la epresn, po totgo t podd d dato s, s d, d s q po ttt dstts sd os. Esto s, t q oj ootgdd d st d o o pso, ds os s q ojt pd o, pop sgdd s t s ; No dt q ho s pz

d os odos d tgs o q st s d t pt d s s, poq s pz dos osgo so ( hs d od s) d so s sptdstt.6

Est pdd d s ps d otog d q s stoo pdd d ot dtd dpts tz. Po, No

s ots ppts p o La agona deProteo, s s pdd s d ss ts pdds, pd tpts oosgo d sod t.7 Ps ho so d s s o ss dsposos psos, o p stz ood s od s qtd dz, os ts sos d

6. E. N, La idea del hombre, 2 , op. cit., p. 4.7. E. N, L g d P, Smbolo y verdad, A.

Ag (p.), Mx, A, 2007, p. 05.

pst ss os ss ps, d sdds ts: odd, dd z (oo s Pt), o s sjt g d ooog ttt, so q so pt d

gos tdd tdd po psd st s d h; otsps, os odos d d d s.8

D h q ho t t os ts d oddo o do, h ot s tos d stz s q t Ntz. At ho, o so poq h oss s , sts sgo s sp d qz os dstto. E s d ho s o d

, poq s o o ss os, poq s hdo, osos t ds-hdo, po o q h, td d q so o s s dtdo sgdd d s st, os s dendo, ps, hho d posnes s o q so tpo td o ddo d st s. Nsto s s h .9

E ss s dss s d ps,

ho ps st t d, q ho, ho d sjto, o pd jsd z po tods s ots d s sgdd ss oodds ttos ts d conjuncn.

8. E. N, L gdd dd, Las ideas y losdas, op. cit.

9. E. N, Psicologa de las situaciones vitales, 2 ,Mx, ce, 963, p. 33.


Qz po o s q sto soo q jo s d, s posdds d s st,d d


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o g o stpdo d st t sq s dsoo, poq s st z tod sg q zos qos z. E st s s s t sjstt od d posdd d tod, z qo q po. S

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Po q s d s s st q o so s t st t, so q s st s hostt po g ss popos ts d,q t q h p s s popo? y 1939, to t Psj dd, joNo dt q d d ho s stt

ogzd, sst d posdds ts. Cod ds ho ot st , tpodd ddd, ps hos sog t o q s pst p s dsps, q o ot o o q h sdo. Lo q s psts, t todo, psj.

E st psj, oo os ddo, hoo s dspo oo sptdo o sjto ptod do, so, ts , oo gsto d os

ts, tsodo s os ss odosd os; poodo stdos dsttos dot t os ts q . E h pog otto d ss ts ho ps t hog d s q o t pd o: ho ho ho d hs, t d opt s s sto s d os ds. E ho s, d t o, s dstdo g, j s td pos, o

10.dem.

ddo q o g oo s so sos tspts so jtdo ss pops pddsq o dst t.

E jo d td d sjto ho sot potgost d s st. Ago

(tt, hdo), No, poq h ds os tsos p ts s. E d o, tos, Poto go. Eho h s d, hdo s d, ot oq o s h gdo dddo. Aos q st h s, tt, so-t.Aho, dtos q d q ospod o s hho t oo o s stod d pd o.11 Ps, , q

st q potgozo, t os ts d posdd d o h sdo d o s s, s hho o. Los psjs d st st t do o pso ho Mo, ho Mdd. L oodds d st o so dts dstts, poqt stdos , q optds, so dts s d ot d q h ot dsto sspops stos ts.

E oto s pjo , g q o, po soso, d dt, s st,11. Ex, d, q g. d

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so so tod sposdd d ps oo ps pos , o ssos q s tz odo oddps o s s s d os ds. E psjd st d o s pos dsh o hho, o

podos tod, tpoo dtos. Dshoso q soos ho o sts pops os. Sdj q os dsh goso, t, , d; os dsh qo q osg o t dd o totdd d sq o s s s, q o h po sg.Ps s ot h, stsdsposos tdo sts stos.

Los ts d d, t to

t p os s ds. S go, otsso, t, s tos q os oo ot s s hos p s. A do, No 1941 (dos os dsps so),

o gos g d sto to(ps, s so), d, dd dst d s. No podos pd d s gds tsoos sos,s oos s gs q o sto g. Lgo dos q nuestrostempos so gtdos, poq lugardodstos psts s pod gtosq pt osotos, s o s qtos tt s pod.E todo so, st st do tzd po os ottosq s pod g dod stos. ys os tsdos d g o o so.H gs dod st t

pd dspgs o o hog, oo

ott so d st d; sto, os sos, o h zos gstso pots, so so ho s, po zosd osts odo oo gt hdo ogz s st. H postss pos sptoss dsts, oso q psos.12

A ot pos tss oo st, osgostos ts q ost posdd dst t, st h od tto ostt d to sops, d dtsodos, sts tts. E s tto hototdo d o d osotos s , post,t popdd d s d, s ttdd.Atto q q oo os ts pts

os jtdo ss pdds, potgozdos d.

S td q o h d tt pd o, ps s s ot dtdo ot os d s dsto o t, s d, oh ttdd . Co , sNo, ho s p s so, s s ds s s s dt, , d, p stt, dopo o d . E ho t, o poq s d Mo Mdd o d Bo Mo,so poq s ps s tdd oto, dso ot d psj (otdd o d st) d to tso ostt osoddo o ps.13

12. E. N, Psicologa de las situaciones vitales, op. cit., p.06.

13. U p d dp d Pg ,


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d tpo go gozt, t hposdd d pd tod posdd p os s s s; h t td ozos pt d o pstpo z o. E , q

Lh d hst q t t,o s q h t ts, o ot os. Edsto os z po o os dj s. Sdj q os z h, q os d uerza.L pd o o h d h p s.14

L pd o s t, ot dstt s -pdd o -pot p s doto odo; ho s pott o podoso poqst ozost dstdo, s d, doht td, o ss os o s oos. Est td q s st gsto, sp oto d std q tso s sts psjs

totdd d os psjs st d odd, q ps s sopdtto ps d z, d pos hst d tdd,s o q os g osos; po, t, o qos dstg d pd o. S o pd d d 939, p dx d p d p d Las ideas y los das, pj y x, y d d .

14.Ibid., p. 37.


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No st s ds st oss d psto d Eddo No doot t t d ps os pos dst st t. Etdd dt tos oo sttt gos sstt, os stotos s ds so t t q g o d No s ojg op t; s d, s o,

o os pttos s podos d psoo d o d og ts d ps osttd st oo pd s oo.

Dsd ss pos tjos hst s os posts,Eddo No h otpoddpo oo psdo d sgo xx, soo pto d t p os pospostgs d ss t d ts,pdd, sdt, po oooghss; os pos d st h, tso d d s ottosd do t d s dsposos to d d, s d: t s qOdt poo dsd G, sg o dtNo. No ostt, dd podd dst psdo o d t stz pdt os tos tos s dsos d s

tpo; so, t, ops dd

VOCACIN DE COMUNIDAD

voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad voCaCIN dE CoMuNIdad

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p pot dgt d to d d, d s p.

Stt s t d os sptoss pts p s osd, pstooo st s po spto d d d

z pot q p, sg d ostos dsoos p ot ( p No s o) to o dso s d ho so. S tt, ps, dso d psto q o s t gtdd os pos d dsto q o osstz sposdd t s tpo so,p s otos os, p s ots sps, po, o o, s ds so d d

o.Qz s sto, t ots zos otos, o

q pt td gtd d o ooo s s tt d o d z, dod d h dd d spz ps oso s tod spz sp optds oos, t tto go d dsspos ooos q stptos d st t. Es dsd sts tots sos

totos otdos q tpz, tztg jp d soo os oo pt to so t ,o os tos d oso q o s tt to d oso oo s d d pd s to.1

S tt, tos, d td s pgts dsd

1. Eddo No, El porenr de la losoa, op. cit., Po

d to.

o dt otog d o ho)h s pots d t sts dsd Foso d ps, qd sd,q o ptd, po ts q s d ho d d tt

o d ps. Esto s, dsoo d ts d ps, pddo po EddoNo, q:

E pog d st o [Metasca de laepresn] o dsoo opto d otoog d ho. poo pd os ts d oso d ps, q dd togt os tos psts, d sot og dsps st d

h os pos d stt, t, tod ooto, t. Hos d oospo ho t d ps dsd pto d st sttt otogo [...]ps ojto pp osst ostq ts d ps s pos s.2

2. E. No, Metasca de la epresn, 1 s, Mo, ce,1957, pp. 214-215. So s d ps, No : Estopto d s pso [...] sq o tott

oo d d ho; ps s ds d ho so psosd ho so, po o so hsts [...] Po oto,st p d d ho oo s d ps o st s odod po st hst, s stdo d p stg, so q s dea q todos tos do q soos osotos sos tt, q g tpo. Est d o stt ts q pdtds to d ho o opto go, poqpo d sp, dt sot t d o qps t q os ho: s so s ho. E.No, Metasca de la ps 1 s, op. ct., p. 299. C. ca.

so t st o d so psdo: La dea del


A spto, o q o dpsdo t-o s poto d oso

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psdo t o s poto d osod ps, sg dtos, do gospsos s dsoo, so todo qs ossstts q tto ps st dos os dsposos ts, q td ps o s lemot d dhos stos, ssdtos st h.3 Los posos stdosd stg so s d ps, ttz otog d s stt ooo dto, d s s

hombre, 2 s, op. cit., p. 1 5; Metasca de la epresn, 2s, op. cit., s p. VII Lo q ps, ss.; Vo td, Ideas de aro lnaje, op. cit.)

3. Nos os so todo tpto El porenr de lalosoa (1972), La reorma de la losoa (1980) La crtca de

la razn smblca (1982); s oo os dos potts tjosLa prmera teora de la pras (1978) La agona de Proteo(1981). Estos tjos s dso, sg sgos, dsd pspt t d tssdd, ps opjdd d st t, s t hdd, ddoq g po d t s pos d so pspt sp, s os, soog,topog, to-pot, hst o psog; ts, s pso td s os q d d stsdsps os otog, otdos po pgt os q

d s ss s tos otogo-stsd hdd otpot. No o s jo stpod q dst po d od tod os pos. S tt, ps, d qo q t d t p d t os odos d psdsd oso, sto o dt sto psdo dsd sp o dt La pscologa de las stuacones tales (1941), s td d pt s d sg podz oso s d Est Css Metasca de la epresn, p q d pt Not t os sos osos q otog

pos s. Vs E. No, Las deas y los das, op. ct.

oo d ts d ps, pd pt d dt otog d odd d s, pst s os Metasca dela epresn Los prncpos de la cenca.

Lo q sts s ss os ptd,

d ts, s t poso otod pgt po s d ps pt ttt dspg st,dsd po d os pos tsotpoos.

Metamorosis de nuestros das

Sdo s q oos, tdos sgo xxi, ts pop t q td tts ts, o o q s d d s d ops, tpt d dsd s s s t ot ospos pts gts q ogst st hst. Est st sgd o tz q d s h hho tto qdzd; ps s tt d domno qtodos os odos d d, q tods s os

dds d st s jst, s sth , s sd s s, s , po os dos d tot q s t d o d.

Ls tgos ts, s todds os ssq s h odo, dsd h sgo h,ps dt d pot t,h ddo og to todo (sugeners hsto d psto d Odt)d og os, o pod d


ts odo q s jsts s dstsoos d st d ho

d ss os.4

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tsoos d st d ho do. Es d: od t q sp s s od st td pd dsdd d st h, s q djdo ts stos os d tptq hst h tpo o otdos. Np, dos, q os ddos sodds s dsodos d d stts sos os odos oo sts odto d os ptos q otg ssd os hhos op s opotd st s odo d ot.

No ostt, ostt d st novedadhstrca de la eperenca o h d ots to

d tos ss d st otpo.Ats , sos dsd oso d ps ops dt sstt d os dtosdos st ot d sd ho, o dsp pspd ojto d os ts o ott d dtos.

E s stdo, t s dtds q tt tdd ot d st,

s q sgo xx oso pd dosszos s d ops d d otto, gtt tto, d stq pz gsts. Dsd h s tz qs ds d tso d t d so os d ootpo, st dg d d, o sps dos podtos o tos tosd do, jos os tos sts q

os ss hos po g d

Co sto h sdo d ost, dsd psto oso, q h toossd st t dsd h sgo h, poto h otdo o todd dspos st d ho t o

tso d s popo s, q s st stdt dsogz d os ts dd sstdos, ogdos tsodos dsds stos tsts, ts, goss,pots d psto. Es otoo q ptd s dds tdd (so todo o to d po d, os jos do s ds d o, q d g d o ojto d os

ts, sttos s) s td sptso to otdo d d, gdo sgdd st so o d qo q s osd do p sooos sts s ps sts,s pts os, s d, s hzdspo os s d o t. E tsot (q st gt pt ozs d Bod, oo dsso q s st td

d o t odz otd popstoto s d po ptdd ottdd), hstoso do,

4. E st stdo s pso oo tjo d WhDth, Otto F. Boow, Est Css, K Jsps, MSh Otg Gsst, po o os s dstdos st go topogo d ojtz d t, h ot d d s os ts h s h d ho. Go q Eddo No dz dt po dsd tt otog d ps, sg

dtos o sso.


sjtso (poodos po sto tso, stso hst po postodso

sdo ho d td so t p otpos. y s, dj


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p pd gtdd hst) s h otdo s hts d pod to tosootdo d s os de a pe, t s stoss dts q h d dts oopods p od d ps goso.

D t , ht os, too o t, hs osos s h stodgd td so qos tosd dt q s osdo oo sosdts s p ss dho s ds ot dsood Odt. L , o osdpdt o d humanzacn po os tos

ts; dsp d o otpoo t sposdd hst d o otogdo po td d o odo os dos; dssosgot pogso; dsto d s tds os os toos oo tos ostttos pts (q o po o os ts hstos) d z os odos d sdds otos; djto d dd stdo d z s opotdo so, q tg oo dd o joto d do d t o s os tsts d psto; odd t d d dd t d d oo jo ogt ostt d d ptpd os s tos os d jst odd. E s, d sts ds tsts, t s sdds ozosddspopos d sto tpo, q tzstt d ooto, dj ts d s

p jst tpo sosphd ppjdd so tdd o so q p to d dpd d q s s. E psd No qd psdo s:

E hho d q s dsps dshs, sos, hsts o d spt, opodz tdd p d dto, tos tttos pgtos, t z s z pod d q hos s hsho tgo d s. Ls pospts d ooto t q dst d p op, po o to d st p sod d z s o poho q sspos pd pot.5

S tt q, p st, o so d dsot d t po dsodt tod ss dss dsds (odstot) st dz, q h todos os gos d d d do;so q, ds, sto ot stt, t pdd d ot o ttod st ss os -os

ts, do s p to d tdd, t pgtso p o poho t d s ds. P q st po,q st s, hs s os d s s ooos sp do stssp doo d os pots stdstos d ps os stds d podtdd.El trastorno interior

5. E. No, Los prncpos de la cenca, op. cit., pp. 11-12.


E st stdo, p No s d s t pt d s ptts dspos

h h d s o os otsd t, dd q s gts ds


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p p ph pos o tg d st. Edd,

No s tt d dd, o td dpsto, q otos pdggsso ps, d dt s os d p s s ts, os hdds, o s s hs oso, o sst ooso d todss. Es dd osd, po sto d,q tod pdgog s d, oo odd posdd, dspos q t ho s oddo po . Po po o s d dot: po pz, t [ st h] qh d ps q dot pdgg

s st pt. Aq d g: po do, s hz todo q o s t, q o popoo poo pto o q ts d;po oto do, s hz d d d os pos s ptos.6

L st s dspo oo t pst ps od, p s -od (euplastn) ogo s optd d do q og

td os pts d ops dogo tos poss pstos d d, t os poss odosd s q s s g o-op ddo. Po q ps do st st dspsthz s od od, do s pst sdd stt d o q debe hs? Ps gd t dt d t d d odd h q o tossos ts, oto dsto

6. El porenr de la losoa, op. ct., p. 323.

q gts o ot optpd, qs hdds p do s t o tott, ps qd opotdo pgz dspos s tot d ho, dsod d ops. Es st dootot d o, goz q tsto go tdd d dod g dspospo s s, po s jo; s tsto, ps, todo sst d t dsd dod s gst: qtdd, s so. Es st t oosd do oo od, oo ogso dtdds optds. E todo so, s o q:

L d d q todo pt todo to o stt d soos, ooAgos Lz. Ho s o. odo h tods s ssdds.odos os hos so, popt, hdosd g. A os s d g, q oststs os soos h qdo pstdt, t z psdo q o st dpd st ho, s d hoel trastorno nteror que produce el sstema de odo. q hos d t s oosds. E odo s ps sjt,

q s s ot. sotdo odo po s ojto: s ts gd j. No pod ssttzs; o spod ostt t o dgo pod odo. Po s h odo. E odo dsos pdspos, o s q t tsd so s ojto, oo soto, o o.7

Ls sos compartdas d do,

7. Ibd.,pp. 131-132. (E sdo s sto.)


dso d s os d ps, t d os ds ts s sttos

dsd d q ho t d s oo s opd, s d stg d


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ots, s ozds, tozdpd, j s s s s, tj ss pops os sposdds dtto t, t os ts posd ogst d os spos tos osp d o st o s ds, o tz d stdos d odos d d t; s oo z d os tosts q hst tos tos.8

L o st odo ptott d odo ps s pq s g po s sgdo, s (st pop d oto) s o calculado

so d spdd d h ddpo p; po q ojto so ps dosos zds, js g d s ds, od d z q s sstt s ddsts; s s so os d os opotdosoo odd, soddd, spto phla.

Po q ot os so s tstoo topod pods, s os o

g d ooto s dds p d do s postgd to d s ds p pod, jqz tz t(odos po os ssts d ops oo pot, g, t ) q d d stt st?q pd s d d do o-sso o stdot optdo d dgsp o o so, o oto o do,

8. Vs bd., 9. Fooog d j.

pgtdd, tdd o ttto?

Coz sgo gto d ds, o d ds, so d sos d eposcones do optds, q ts q

dsposcones to d s os sq td h gdo do, qo o h gdo do so oo o d stdos dsos. Epz s tpst dstt d o q ooos oo g , po ts sopot , osos, d; oz totdd d .

El hombre indispuesto. La nueva barbarie

S dt dsd os ss d No q tgddhst d Odt h sdo -so d dsosssts ogos d ps, oo to t dos dsos d tdd h:q q pod o t p q q t o q s p st.9 Eo o d q s ds o st

so pst s s q s g s d ozos dtz d sdd tdd. Lo d s dsos pos, tt,sg No, poq s to s d o qs s oso, po to jo p ost o p ssst, gd po s sotspsos d p q so os todos d o. A d ts, popo ogd

9. Ibd., p. 39 ss.


ps, s t otopoto d s d ps, t to d os s po s ds d d d d d

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d


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d os dos po tdd d t,o s sts s sdds, tpo tdd ts o q o dos dotdos os sos ts.10 Vtdd d o q dq do dsd s dsdts, po ogts, dsd os dspsos d st oo pos, oso, pt, st, pot, jspd, , tt.

L od dst d dhos ssts pdd d tos sdos, q o s ds g td pt, po q po os dos d conmutacn td (

q po d gj os dos dcomuncacn) o sot d oto, h ddog t o t d st, t dds dts potos ts, q o ps to d dz. st s ogoo doo tot q tt togto s oss o o odos hos d s pos s ds poos ts. As s dd qs t p d do, dsd o sd s, d , h dd ddgs s spos os szos otos.Ps qos ssts psos, ts, o sopodtos dpdts, so q os s oth st h do, po toh sdo tos d d tto q ss toso odos d s ho q s tzpo s pt s ts st p s

10. Vs La reorma de la losoa, op. ct., IV. o d

ddd.

o d ss tos o p so pso do d ps oo s, ood optp d psos psosho-do.

E ho, oodo sos odos d sposs ss, po to tos todos h p todo tpo g, h otdo, s,s d so ds hstt dsd s ss dspo od postamente st dos ddos. Esto s d q t og sst po d ds-posos posotosdsos, ojgdo spos o sdds,ddo q todo poto t p dsdd

ot ost ds d sto t, s oo so d os sos tos ts d q dspo. Rdo todo o stdo dt d oo odos d sq ts d t do o q stgdd ps. Ps otg d sshhos, do s st dd od, s odpso.

E t st, dsdd d do, q

dsd s ts d stos tpos podos tstgs os pdsts soos dsd psdo s st d st dsdd dpsos, o ss dstos dds, q s ttj po os s ho s poopt ospod, o stdo, d ss tdos ss dsdds pst.S go, gdos st dsod do d d p q hdd s dspddo d

ss popos s pdds pss, ds


hstt, h ost ozos d o o, ogo dsjst do.E d d d d

do o ss ds, ss tdos, ss s oos d o jo pos, d to d

d d


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Es d, t d s sdds ts, sdstsds s ts, otd po dssd pod h, s s sd responderdsodt o pogo. E st, s dos, ts ds sdso, po o o pod std ozost todos po g. D h qNo s q do s op os ts d spopoos t s dsos d o tt d ps h, o q qd,tos, o s dspopo o dspt s ds ots pzto d t, qd dspsto s pso.11 Qd tgoso to, q, do tdd

so tott ot t s, ddo d st; ot psto d ho

11. S tt d g d z d z o, sg optz o, q s tz po: 1) sstt d tdo g d s ds ( g d dd); 2) odd t, q o pd s og z t, po tpoo z dstsd ds oos s, oo oso, st, pos, t.;3) tto q g, st odd t ss os sp ojt, s, p d sp, o tto d s odds s ds ts; 4)s z q o d zos, q o s t d ss s,ss dtos, ss spos, dds posdds( dspg d td), so q s s o ozoso:ss os os, odds o , doo d s tts s dds. E , d hs st o st g d z d z o doo d sdd, dj ts doo d td dstdo d s os ts. (Apud., E. No, La reorma

de la losoa, op. ct., 26. L z d z o.)

pst po, tz d psdo.

Esto s dsdz d st,

vocación de comunidad. expresión, diversidad e identidad - arturo aguirre moreno

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