Visual Media in Literature:Traditions as well as the uses today

The academic uses of visual media: SOURCE MATERIALS

Manuscript Illuminations The Beginning of Book

Illustrations The connection between

changes in literature and visual media

Graphic Novels CONTENT ENHANCERS

What can visual media add to novel units and understanding

ASSESSMENTS Formative Assessments Summative Assessments

Source MaterialsHow to use visual media as the source material

MANUSCRIPT ILLUMINATION

• The Earliest Dated Codex with Full-Page Illustrations 354 CE

• The earliest surviving substantive illuminated manuscripts are from the period AD 400 to 600,

• From the 13th century onward, an increasing number of secular texts were illuminated.

• Gutenberg Begins Experimentation on Printing 1438 – 1444

• The introduction of printing rapidly led to the decline of illumination. Illuminated manuscripts continued to be produced in the early 16th century, but in much smaller numbers, mostly for the very wealthy.

History of Manuscripts:

A 5th century illuminated manuscript on vellum of the Iliad of Homer are known as the Ilias Ambrosiana (Ilia picta). The manuscript is thought to have been produced in Constantinople during the late 5th or early 6th century, specifically between 493 and 508.

Earliest known illuminated manuscript of Homer

he oldest surviving copy of Pedanus Dioscorides's treatise on medical botany and pharmacology, De Materia Medica, is an illuminated Byzantine manuscript produced about 512 CE.

512 CE

contains an interlinear gloss in Old English which is the oldest extant English translation of any portion of the Bible.

The Oldest English Translation of Any Portion of the Bible 725 – 750

Blake employed intaglio engraving in his own work, most notably for the illustrations of the Book of Job, completed just before his death. Most critical work has tended to concentrate on Blake's relief etching as a technique because it is the most

William Blake (28 November 1757 – 12 August 1827)

The Golden Age of Illustration was a period of unprecedented excellence in book and magazine illustration. It developed from advances in technology permitting accurate and inexpensive reproduction of art, combined with a voracious public demand for new graphic art.

The Golden Age of Illustration 1880’s-1920’s

Common Definition: A novel whose narrative is related through a combination of text and art, often in comic-strip form.

Stephen Weiner, author of The 101 Best Graphic Novels:

A cousin of comic strips, a graphic novel is a story told in comic book format with a beginning, middle, and end. Graphic novels also include bound books conveying nonfiction information in comic book form.

Graphic Novels

Academic Benefits of graphic novels Helps to motivate struggling readers or reluctant readers They have built in supports for students who struggle with

language acquisition Can be used as a content enhancer in similar ways that

movies are used Can help bridge background knowledge by showing students

the visual landscape of the story. Harnesses student’s natural interests

Synopsis:

Maus: A Survivor's Tale is a biography of the author’s father Vladek Spiegelman, a Polish Jew and Holocaust survivor. The story alternates between Poland before and during after WWII and Spiegelman’s later life in New York City. It is the only graphic novel that has won the Pulitzer Prize.

Maus: A Survivor’s TaleArt Spiegelman

Palestine is a graphic novel written and illustrated by Joe Sacco about his experiences in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip December 1991 and January 1992. In Sacco’s portrayal, the Palestinian people are represented in a good little, with emphasis on their history and the strife and plight of their lives during this time both as a group, and as individuals.

Palestine by Joe Sacco

Persepolis is a French-language autobiographical graphic novel by Marjane Satrapi. The graphic novel depicts her childhood up to early adulthood in Iran during and after the Islamic revolution. In 2007, the first two installments were adapted into an animated film.

Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi

In 2006, Bechdel published Fun Home, an autobiographical "tragicomic" chronicling her childhood and the years before and after her father's death. Fun Home has received more widespread mainstream attention than Bechdel's earlier work, with reviews in Entertainment Weekly, People and several features in The New York Times. Fun Home spent two weeks on the New York Times Hardcover Nonfiction bestseller lis

Fun HomeAlison Bechdel

The Arrival is a migrant story told as a series of wordless images that might seem to come from a long forgotten time. A man leaves his wife and child in an impoverished town, seeking better prospects in an unknown country on the other side of a vast ocean. He eventually finds himself in a bewildering city of foreign customs, peculiar animals, curious floating objects and indecipherable languages. With nothing more than a suitcase and a handful of currency, the immigrant must find a place to live, food to eat and some kind of gainful employment. He is helped along the way by sympathetic strangers, each carrying their own unspoken history: stories of struggle and survival in a world of incomprehensible violence, upheaval and hope.

The ArrivalShaun Tan

Content EnhancerHow can visual media be used to supplement content being taught in an English classroom.

Literary Classics done in a graphic novel format:

• Beowulf

• King Lear

• The Merchant of Venice

• Bearskin, a Grim Fairytale

• The Odyssey

Garreth Hinds

# The Sandman #1-75 (1989–1996, now being reprinted in several volumes as Absolute Sandman in a larger prestige format with additional material):

Preludes and Nocturnes (ISBN 1-56389-011-9) The Doll's House (ISBN 0-93-028959-5) Dream Country (ISBN 1-56-389016-X) Season of Mists (ISBN 1-56-389041-0) A Game of You (ISBN 1-56-389089-5) Fables and Reflections (ISBN 1-56-389105-0) Brief Lives (ISBN 1-56-389138-7) Worlds' End (ISBN 1-56-389171-9) The Kindly Ones (ISBN 1-56-389205-7) The Wake (ISBN 1-56-389279-0) Stardust - Gaiman, Neil (1999). Stardust. New

York: William Morrow. p. 256. ISBN 0-3809-7728-1. -- Locus Fantasy Award nominee, 1999[5]

Oh, by the way…Anything by Neil Gaiman

• Fyodor Dostoevsky's Crime & Punishment  Adapted by David Zane Mairowitz 

• Hamlet By William Shakespeare; adapted by Steven Grant and Tom Mandrake

• The Hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien; illustrated by David Wenzel; adapted by Charles Dixon with Sean Deming.

• The Iliad Adapted by Roy Thomas and Miguel Angel Sepulveda; adapted from the Epic Poem by Homer

•  The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka; adapted by Peter Kuper 

• Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray Illustrated by I.N.J. Culbard; adapted by Ian Edginton 

• Robert Louis Stevenson's Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde Illustrated and adapted by Andrzej Klimowski and Danusia Schejbal 

• William Shakespeare's Macbeth: The Graphic Novel Illustrated by Tony Leonard Tamai; script by Arthur Byron Cover 

• Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 45 :The Authorized Adaptation by Tim Hamilton 

Other Literary Classis done in graphic novel form

AssessmentsHow to use visual media and activities as formative and summative assessments

What are some visual assessments you can think of:

Take these Owly frames and Use them to create a discussionBetween two characters in The novels