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GCSE Physics revision – P1 – Quarter 3 – Waves

Q1. (a) The diagram shows a ray of light being reflected by a plane mirror.

Which of the angles, a, b, c or d, is:

the angle of incidence;

the angle of reflection? (2)

(b) The diagram shows a road junction seen from above.

A mirror placed at the side of the road allows the driver of car X to see car Y.

Using the same mirror symbol given in part (a), draw a plane mirror to show how it should be placed so that the driver of car X can see car Y.

(2)(Total 4 marks)

Q2. (a) The diagram shows a longitudinal wave being produced in a stretched spring.

(i) Use the bold words from the diagram to complete the following sentence. Put only one word in each space.


A longitudinal wave is one in which the ..................................... causing

the wave is parallel to the ..................................... of energy transfer.(2)

(ii) Name the type of energy that is transferred by longitudinal waves.

...............................................................................................................(1)

(b) The diagram shows water waves made by a wave machine in a swimming pool.

Every second, two waves go past a person standing in the swimming pool.

The waves have a wavelength of 0.8 metres.

Calculate the speed of the water waves.

Write down the equation you use, and then show clearly how you work out your answer.

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Wave speed = ......................................... m/s(2)

(c) The graph shows how the speed of deep ocean waves depends on the wavelength of the waves.


What can you conclude from the graph?

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........................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 7 marks)

Q3. The table shows the electromagnetic spectrum.Three types of wave have been missed out.

(i) Use words from the box to complete the table.

infra red rays radio waves X-rays

(2)

(ii) Which one of the following gives a use of gamma rays?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your choice.


to communicate with satellites

to see objects

to kill cancer cells

(1)

(iii) Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct word in the box.

energy

All electromagnetic waves move gases from one place to another.

particles

(1)(Total 4 marks)

Q4. A microphone and a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) can be used to show the pattern of a sound wave.

Four sound wave patterns, A, B, C and D, are shown.

They are all drawn to the same scale.


(a) Which one of the patterns has the smallest amplitude? .....................................................

(b) Which one of the patterns has the lowest frequency? ........................................................

(Total 2 marks)

Q5. (a) The picture shows a speed gun being used to measure how fast a tennis player hits the ball.

Some of the microwaves from the speed gun are absorbed by the ball and some are reflected by the ball.

(i) Complete the following sentence by choosing one of the phrases from the box.

longer than the same as shorter than

The wavelength of the microwaves reflected from the ball are

................................................................... the wavelength of the microwaves

from the speed gun.(1)

(ii) Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box.

decrease slightly

When the ball absorbs microwaves, its temperature will not change

increase slightly

(1)

(b) The microwaves reflected from the ball have a higher frequency than the microwaves from the speed gun.The graph shows how the difference between the two frequencies depends on the


speed of the ball.

(i) Describe the pattern that links the difference between the two frequencies and the speed of the ball.

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...........................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) The speed gun measures the difference between the two frequencies as 3200 Hz.

Use the graph to find the speed of the tennis ball.Show clearly on the graph how you obtain your answer.

Speed of the tennis ball = .............................. m/s(2)

(iii) Which one of the following gives the reason why the data has been shown as a line graph and not as a bar chart?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your choice.

Frequency and speed are both categoric variables.

Frequency and speed are both continuous variables.

Speed is a continuous variable and frequency is a categoric variable. (1)

(Total 6 marks)


Q6. A puppy can see an image of himself in a plane mirror.

The diagram shows how the puppy can see his disc.

(a) On the diagram, use a ruler to draw a ray to show how the puppy can see the top of his ear, which is marked as T.

(3)

(b) What is a plane mirror?

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 4 marks)

Q7. A student uses a ray box and a semicircular glass block to investigate refraction.


(a) What is the vertical dashed line called?

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(b) Which angle, v, w, x, y or z, is the angle of refraction?

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(c) Why has refraction taken place?

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.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(d) In an investigation, a student always aims the light from the ray box at point P.She moves the ray box to give different values of angle v.She records angle y for each of these values. The table shows her results.

Angle vmeasured in degrees

Angle ymeasured in degrees

30 19

40 25

50 31

60 35


70 39

80 41

The student studies the data and comes to the following conclusion.

Angle y is directly proportional to angle v.

Her friend says that this conclusion is not correct.

(i) Use data from the table to explain why the conclusion is not correct.

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...........................................................................................................................(2)

(ii) Write a correct conclusion for the experiment.

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...........................................................................................................................(1)

(iii) Why is your conclusion only valid when angle v is between 30° and 80°?

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...........................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 7 marks)

Q8. The diagram shows some waves travelling along a rope.

(a) Show on the diagram

(i) the wavelength of one of the waves (2)

(ii) the amplitude of one of the waves (2)


(b) The waves shown on the diagram were produced in two seconds.

What is the frequency of the waves?

.....................................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 6 marks)

Q9. Some students made a small hand-turned a.c. generator, similar to a bicycle dynamo. They connected it to the Y plates of a cathode ray oscilloscope, CRO, and turned the generator slowly. The trace on the CRO looked like this:

They then turned the generator faster and the trace looked like this:

(a) Why did the trace on the CRO show:

(i) an increase in frequency;

...........................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) a decrease in wavelength;

...........................................................................................................................(1)

(iii) an increase in amplitude?

...........................................................................................................................(1)

(b) One way to alter the output from the generator is to change the speed of turning. State two other ways to adapt parts of the generator to increase its output.

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...................................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 5 marks)

Q10. (a) On the wave drawn below, mark the amplitude and wavelength.

(2)

(b) A wave is said to have a frequency of 25 Hz.

Explain what the term frequency means.

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.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(c) From the electromagnetic spectrum, give the name and use of a radiation of lower frequency than light.

Name ..........................................................................................................................

Use .............................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 5 marks)

Q11. (a) The student is using a microphone connected to a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).


The CRO displays the sound waves as waves on its screen. What does the microphone do?

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.....................................................................................................................................(2)

(b) The amplitude, the frequency and the wavelength of a sound wave can each be either increased or decreased.

(i) What change, or changes, would make the sound quieter?

...........................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) What change, or changes, would make the sound higher in pitch?

...........................................................................................................................(1)

(Total 4 marks)

Q12. All radio waves travel at 300 000 000 m/s in air.

(i) Give the equation that links the frequency, speed and wavelength of a wave.

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) Calculate the wavelength, in metres, of a radio wave which is broadcast at a frequency of 909 kHz. Show clearly how you work out your answer.

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Wavelength = ............................... metres(2)

(Total 3 marks)

Q13. The diagram represents part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

(i) Visible light travels through air at 300 000 000 m/s.

Why can we assume that radio waves travel through air at the same speed as light?

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) A radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 200 kHz.

Use the following equation to calculate the wavelength of the waves broadcast by this radio station. Show clearly how you work out your answer.

wave speed = frequency × wavelength

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Wavelength = ……………. m(2)

(iii) Draw a vertical line on the diagram above to show the position of this radio wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.

(1)(Total 4 marks)

Q14. The vibration caused by a P wave travelling at 7.6 km/s has been recorded on a seismic chart.


(i) How many waves are produced in one second?

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) Write down the equation which links frequency, wavelength and wave speed.

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(iii) Calculate the wavelength of the P wave. Show clearly how you work out your answer and give the unit.

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Wavelength = ...............................(2)

(Total 4 marks)

Q15. All radio waves travel at 300 000 000 m/s in air.

(i) Give the equation that links the frequency, speed and wavelength of a wave.

.....................................................................................................................................(1)

(ii) Calculate the wavelength, in metres, of a radio wave which is broadcast at a frequency of 909 kHz. Show clearly how you work out your answer.


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Wavelength = ............................... metres(2)

(Total 3 marks)

Q16. (a) The new Tetra communications system to be used by the police transmits digital signals using microwaves of wavelength 75 cm.

(i) Use the following equation to calculate the frequency of the microwaves used by the Tetra system. Show clearly how you work out your answer.


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Frequency = ......................................... hertz(2)

(b) Read the following extract from a newspaper and then answer the questions that follow.

Residents of Stag Hill Court, a luxury block of flats, are shocked at the plans to site a mobile phone mast on the roof of the flats. They oppose the mast on health grounds, quoting research in Germany that has found a possible increase in cases of cancer around mobile phone masts.

A spokesperson for the telecoms company said, ‘The residents should not worry. The research carried out by our own scientists has found no link between ill health and mobile phone masts’.

This has not reassured the residents, who argue that new independent research is urgently needed.

(i) Explain why living near a mobile phone mast could cause ill health.

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...........................................................................................................................(3)

(ii) Suggest two reasons why the residents have not been reassured by the research carried out by the telecoms company.

1 ........................................................................................................................

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2 ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................(2)

(Total 7 marks)

Q17. (a) Microwaves and visible light are two types of electromagnetic wave. Both can be used for communications.

(i) Give two properties that are common to both visible light and microwaves.

1 ............................................................................................................

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2 ............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................(2)

(ii) Name two more types of electromagnetic wave that can be used for communications.

................................................... and ..................................................(1)

(b) Wi-Fi is a system that joins computers to the internet without using wires. Microwaves, with a wavelength of 12.5 cm, are used to link a computer to a device called a router. Microwaves travel through the air at 300 000 000 m/s.

Use the equation in the box to calculate the frequency of the microwaves used to link the computer to the router.



Show clearly how you work out your answer and give the unit.

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Frequency = ..............................................................(3)

(c) Wi-Fi is used widely in schools. However, not everyone thinks that this is a good idea.

A politician commented on the increasing use of WiFi. He said: ‘I believe that these systems may be harmful to children.’

However, one group of scientists said that there is no reason why Wi-Fi should not be used in schools. These scientists also suggested that there is a need for further research.

(i) Suggest what the politician could have done to persuade people that what he said was not just an opinion.

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...............................................................................................................(1)

(ii) Why did the group of scientists suggest that there is a need for further research?

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...............................................................................................................(1)

(Total 8 marks)

· web viewthey connected it to the y plates of a cathode ray oscilloscope, cro, and turned...

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