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EnMS D/FM 1.0 (EN)*PrintingCompany*

COMPANY’S LOGOVersion date: 11-12-2015 EnMS Description – Full Model

0. DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET.............................................................................................................................2

1. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EnMS) DESCRIPTION.................................................................................3

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................................................3

2.1. Responsibility and approval.......................................................................................................................3

2.2. Scope and limits..........................................................................................................................................3

2.3. Distribution...................................................................................................................................................4

2.4. Reviews and continuous improvement......................................................................................................4

3. ENERGY POLICY...................................................................................................................................................5

4. ENERGY PLANNING..............................................................................................................................................6

5. ENERGY REVIEW..................................................................................................................................................7

6. ENERGY OBJECTIVES, TARGETS AND ACTION PLANS...................................................................................7

6.1. Energy objectives and targets....................................................................................................................8

6.2. Energy action plans.....................................................................................................................................8

7. COMPETENCE, TRAINING AND AWARENESS...................................................................................................8

8. COMMUNICATION..................................................................................................................................................9

9. DOCUMENTATION.................................................................................................................................................9

10. OPERATIONAL CONTROL..................................................................................................................................10

11. DESIGN.................................................................................................................................................................10

12. PROCUREMENT OF ENERGY SERVICES, PRODUCTS, EQUIPMENT AND ENERGY....................................10

13. CHECKING............................................................................................................................................................11

13.1. Monitoring, measurement and analysis...................................................................................................11

13.2. Evaluation of compliance with requirements..........................................................................................12

13.3. Internal audit..............................................................................................................................................12

13.4. Nonconformities, correction, corrective action and preventive action.................................................13

14. MANAGEMENT REVIEW......................................................................................................................................13

I. Annex 1 – Guideline for definition of simple energy performance indicators.......................................................15

Managing director: ………………… 1 of 24

Document owner: ………………… © 2015 EMSPI consortium

EnMS D/BM 1.0 (EN)*PrintingCompany*

COMPANY’S LOGOVersion date: 11-12-2015 EnMS Description – Basic Model

0. DOCUMENT CONTROL SHEET

Version Date Elaborated by Approved by: Description of modifications

v.0 12/May/2015 Tristán Mas

v.1 11/Dec/2015 Tristán Mas





1. ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (EnMS) DESCRIPTION

This document, Energy Management System Description – Full Model, describes the way the Energy Management System (EnMS) is arranged and documented, and the relationship between the different system elements.

The connections between the chapters of this document and the ISO 50001:2011 sections are highlighted with square brackets (e.g. [ISO 50001 Section: 4.1]).

Direct references to relevant paragraphs or underlying documents - such as more detailed procedures (coded ‘PR’), registries (coded ‘RG’) or technical documents (‘TD’) - are placed where needed.

Some tips and comments are highlighted in a box. This information should not be included in the specific EnMS Description of each company.

The characters chain *PrintingCompany* should be replaced by the name of the company that is implementing the EnMS.

2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS[ISO 50001 Section: 4.1]

This Energy Management System Description is aligned with the requirements included in the standard ISO 50001:2011 Energy Management System, in order to stablish, document, implement, maintain and improve the EnMS of *PrintingCompany*.

2.1. Responsibility and approval

This document has been elaborated by the Energy Management Team. The Energy Manager is fully responsible for the EnMS in *PrintingCompany*.

This document has been approved by the Direction of *PrintingCompany*

2.2. Scope and limits





The scope of the EnMS established in *PrintingCompany* includes all the systems that are within the limits of the company itself, which are the physical limits.

2.3. Distribution

The Energy Manager of *PrintingCompany* has full decision on internal and external distribution of the EnMS Description as "uncontrolled copy”.

The Energy Manager provides distribution and updating of the "controlled copies" of this EnMS Description.

2.4. Reviews and continuous improvement

The EnMS Description will be changed from its content and accuracy when considered necessary to preserve it in force.

The amendments will involve the review of the section or sections concerned, being reflected in their header by a correlative number.

The Index will contain the edition of the EnMS Description which is in force.

The amendments to the EnMS Description will be sent to the holders of "controlled copies". Obsolete pages will be destroyed.





3. ENERGY POLICY[ISO 50001 Section: 4.3]

The energy policy provides a statement of the high-level management team's intent about energy management issues.

The policy also provides a framework for an organization to set energy objectives and targets and associated energy management action plans to further improve its energy performance.

*PrintingCompany* is committed to apply an Energy Management System based on ISO 50001.

This commitment includes:

Continuous improvement of the *PrintingCompany* energy performance, manage the resources needed to achieve the targets and boost the information channels inside the organization.

Compliance with all applicable legal requirements. Introduce our commitment about rational energy use to our suppliers, partners and

customers. Incorporate the energy efficiency in the decision-making process, during both the

design and procurement of facilities, equipment and maintenance operations. Meet the objectives and goals disclosed in the energy management system.

The Directorate of *PrintingCompany* gives its full support in order to accomplish the Energy Policy directives and promotes long-term energy and environmental sustainability.





4. ENERGY PLANNING[ISO 50001: 4.4.1]

The concept diagram below shows the elements involved in the energy planning and its interactions.

The energy review is the core step of the energy planning process.

The energy review has to be fed by several kind of data such as specifications of the energy consumers of the organization, energy data or production forecasts.

In order to ease the energy review in the printing industry, a Technical Document known as TD-1 Energy Diagnosis, based on “Energy Diagnosis of European Printing Industry” developed by EMSPI Project is available.

Some specific energy conservation measures for printing industry are included in the Opportunities Catalogue known as TD-3 Energy Savings Measures.

The energy planning include the development and update of the Energy Performance Indicators (EnPIs), the baseline of the organization’s energy consumption and the action plan that leads the company to improve its performance.

A helpful text along the EnPIs and Baseline determinations is the Technical Document coded as TD-2 Selection of Indicators, based on “Selection of Indicators and Benchmarking of the European Printing Industry” developed by EMSPI Project. Furthermore, a guideline for definition of energy performance indicators is presented in Annex 1. More importance should be assigned to those qualified as "high" and “good” indicators.





5. ENERGY REVIEW[ISO 50001 Section: 4.4.3] [ISO 50001 Section: 4.4.4] [ISO 50001 Section: 4.4.5]

The purpose of this section is to establish the methodology and criteria used to develop the energy review in *PrintingCompany*.

The energy review is the process to determine the energy performance of the company.

In order to achieve the energy review objective, energy data and/or measurement are needed. Finally, the energy review leads to the identification of opportunities for improvement.

The energy review of *PrintingCompany* include the following tasks:

The specific development of the energy review. See procedure PR-4.4.3 Energy review

The development of the energy baseline or baselines. See procedure PR-4.4.4 Energy Baseline

The determination of the energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and its proper updating. As stated before, a guideline for definition of energy performance indicators is presented in Annex 1. See procedure PR-4.4.5 EnPIs determination

Each task, mentioned above, shall be developed following the guidance provided by their specific procedure.

These procedures apply to printing facilities, not including logistic activities and transportation of goods and products.

The Energy Manager (or Energy Management Team) will be responsible of implementing the energy review.

The energy review shall be updated once a month, as well as in response to major changes in facilities, equipment, systems, or processes.

6. ENERGY OBJECTIVES, TARGETS AND ACTION PLANS[ISO 50001 Section: 4.4.6]





When establishing and reviewing objectives and targets, *PrintingCompany* shall take into account legal requirements and other requirements, significant energy uses and opportunities to improve energy performance, as identified in the energy review. *PrintingCompany* shall also consider its financial, operational and business conditions, technological options and the views of interested parties.

6.1. Energy objectives and targets

*PrintingCompany* will establish as the main energy objective the implementation of, at least, one of the energy conservation measures included in the prioritized improvement opportunity list (RG-4.4.3.c).

Each measure, selected to be implemented, will be documented as a target of the main energy objective in the energy action plan.

The energy objectives and its targets will be achieved, reviewed and updated annually.

Objectives should state what the organization wants to achieve.

Targets should specify how the organization would achieve those objectives.

The objectives and targets should be achievable and measurable.

6.2. Energy action plans

*PrintingCompany* shall establish, implement and maintain action plans for achieving the objectives and targets.

The action plans shall be documented, and updated bimonthly (or as frequently as needed according to the nature of the action).

Complete the registry RG-4.4.6 Energy management action plans.

7. COMPETENCE, TRAINING AND AWARENESS[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.2]

*PrintingCompany* shall ensure that any person(s) working for or on its behalf are aware of:





The importance of conformity with the energy policy, procedures and the requirements of the EnMS

Their roles, responsibilities and authorities in achieving the requirements of the EnMS The benefits of improved energy performance The impact, actual or potential, with respect to energy use and consumption, of their

activities and how their activities and behavior contribute to the achievement of energy objectives and targets, and the potential consequences of departure from specified procedures

*PrintingCompany* shall also ensure that any person(s) working for or on its behalf, related to significant energy uses, are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, skills or experience.

The personnel job descriptions, including energy-related competencies, will be recorded in the registry RG-4.5.2 Competence and training.

The training needs will also be identified and documented in the registry RG-4.5.2 Competence and training.

8. COMMUNICATION[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.3]

Both internal and external communication policy of *PrintingCompany* are ruled by the procedure PR-4.5.3 Communication.

9. DOCUMENTATION[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.4]

Documents involved in the EnMS shall be controlled. This includes technical documentation where appropriate.

New documents will be approved prior to be formally added to the EnMS.

All the documents involved in the EnMS will be reviewed, and updated if necessary, bimonthly. The reviewing task include:

Ensuring that changes and the current revision status of documents are identified Ensuring that relevant versions of applicable documents are available at points of use Ensuring that documents remain legible and readily identifiable





Ensuring that documents of external origin determined by *PrintingCompany* to be necessary for the planning and operation of the EnMS are identified and their distribution is controlled

Preventing the unintended use of obsolete documents, and suitably identify those to be retained for any purpose

All the documents in force involved in the EnMS will be identified and documented in the registry RG-4.5.4 Documentation.

10. OPERATIONAL CONTROL[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.5]

*PrintingCompany* shall identify and plan those operations and maintenance activities which are related to its significant energy uses and that are consistent with its energy policy, objectives, targets and action plans, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions, by means of the following:

Establishing and setting criteria for the effective operation and maintenance of significant energy uses, where their absence could lead to a significant deviation from effective energy performance

Operating and maintaining facilities, processes, systems and equipment, in accordance with operational criteria

Appropriate communication of the operational controls to personnel working for, or on behalf of, the organization

11. DESIGN[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.6]

*PrintingCompany* shall consider energy performance improvement opportunities and operational control in the design of new, modified and renovated facilities, equipment, systems and processes that can have a significant impact on its energy performance.

The results of the energy performance evaluation shall be incorporated where appropriate into the specification, design and procurement activities of the relevant project(s).

The results of the design activity shall be recorded in RG-4.5.6 Result of design activities.





12. PROCUREMENT OF ENERGY SERVICES, PRODUCTS, EQUIPMENT AND ENERGY

[ISO 50001 Section: 4.5.7]

When procuring energy services, products and equipment that have, or can have, an impact on significant energy use, *PrintingCompany* shall inform suppliers that procurement is partly evaluated on the basis of energy performance.

*PrintingCompany* shall establish and implement the criteria for assessing energy use, consumption and efficiency over the planned or expected operating lifetime when procuring energy using products, equipment and services which are expected to have a significant impact on the organization's energy performance.

*PrintingCompany* shall define and document energy purchasing specifications, as applicable, for effective energy use.

13. CHECKING

13.1. Monitoring, measurement and analysis

[ISO 50001 Section: 4.6.1]

*PrintingCompany* shall ensure that the key characteristics of its operations that determine energy performance are monitored and analysed monthly. The monthly data of the key characteristics are recorded in the registers related to the Energy Review:

RG-4.4.3.a Energy consumption by source RG-4.4.3.b2 Reference data RG-4.4.3.b3 Energy performance

13.1.1. Measurement plan

The measurement points, the main characteristics of the measurement devices and the records of its calibration will be identified and listed in the register RG-4.6.1.a Measurement plan.





13.1.2. Performance deviations

*PrintingCompany* shall investigate and respond to significant deviations in energy performance.

The activities carried out when significant deviations in energy performance are encountered shall be recorded in RG-4.6.1.b Activities against significant performance deviations.

13.2. Evaluation of compliance with requirements

[ISO 50001 Section: 4.6.2]

Annually, *PrintingCompany* shall evaluate compliance with legal requirements and other regulations to which it subscribes itself in terms of energy use and consumption.

Records of the results of the evaluations of compliance, in RG-4.6.2 Requirements compliance, shall be maintained.

13.3. Internal audit

[ISO 50001 Section: 4.6.3]

*PrintingCompany* shall conduct internal audits annually to ensure that the EnMS:

Conforms to planned arrangements for energy management including the requirements of ISO 50001:2011

Conforms with the energy objectives and targets established Is effectively implemented and maintained, and improves energy performance

An audit plan and schedule for internal audit shall be developed taking into consideration the status and importance of the processes and areas to be audited as well as the results of previous audits.

The selection of auditors and conduct of audits shall ensure objectivity and impartiality of the audit process.

Each audit plan and its results shall be recorded in RG-4.6.3 Internal audit and reported to top management.





13.4. Nonconformities, correction, corrective action and preventive action

[ISO 50001 Section: 4.6.4]

*PrintingCompany* shall address actual and potential nonconformities by making corrections, and by taking corrective action and preventive action, including the following:

Reviewing nonconformities or potential nonconformities Determining the causes of nonconformities or potential nonconformities Evaluating the need for action to ensure that nonconformities do not occur or recur Determining and implementing the appropriate action needed Reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action or preventive action taken

Corrective actions and preventive actions shall be appropriate to the magnitude of the actual or potential problems and the energy performance consequences encountered.

The identified corrective and preventive actions will be recorded, as well as the results of its effectiveness, in RG-4.6.4 Corrective and preventive actions.

*PrintingCompany* shall ensure that any necessary changes are made to the EnMS.

14. MANAGEMENT REVIEW[ISO 50001 Section: 4.7]

Annually, top management shall review *PrintingCompany*'s EnMS to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness.

Input to management review:

Follow-up actions from previous management reviews Review of the energy policy Review of energy performance and related EnPIs Results of the evaluation of compliance with legal requirements and changes in legal

requirements and other requirements to which the organization subscribes The extent to which the energy objectives and targets have been met EnMS audit results The status of corrective actions and preventive actions Projected energy performance for the following period Recommendations for improvement

Output from management review:





Changes in the energy performance of the organization Changes to the energy policy Changes to the EnPIs Changes to objectives, targets or other elements of the EnMS, consistent with the

organization's commitment to continual improvement Changes to allocation of resources

Records of management review shall be maintained in RG-4.7 Management review.





I. Annex 1 – Guideline for definition of simple energy performance indicators

Target group

Small and medium sized printing companies or printing companies working with energy management according to ISO 50001 (Full Model).

Objectives

Energy performance indicators are essential for a company working with energy efficiency and energy management because a suitable energy indicator provides information about the performance of the company or a specific process in the company.If there is a lack of suitable indicators it is difficult for the company to work with continual improvement of the energy efficiency because the company cannot monitor the improvement process. Furthermore if the potential and achieved savings are not clear to the top management of the company the management will for sure be less willing to allocate resources for energy management actions in the company

About energy performance indicators in general

In principal an energy indicator can be based solely on the raw data of the energy consumption in kWh, MJ, m3 natural gas etc. for a fixed period. However in most cases it is relevant to define the energy indicator as a key figure for the energy performance, where the energy consumption is normalised to a fixed reference to compensate for the variation in production or climate conditions. A theoretical ideal energy indicator provides stable information about the energy performance of a specific process without the indicator being affected by other conditions than the actual process. However, such an indicator is hardly realistic in the real world, since the majority of indicators can be affected by external conditions and at times to such a degree that it makes the indicator unstable and unsuitable as management tool.When companies define energy indicators they often experience that the most stable indicators are also those where the capture and analysis of data is most difficult.





Definition of energy performance indicators and baseline

In the sections below the recommended energy performance indicators for medium sized printing companies are described in relation to:

A. Energy indicators for the production processB. Energy indicators for general space heatingC. Indirect energy related indicatorsD. Energy costs indicators

The energy sources and the access to data will vary between companies. As a consequence of this the suitability of the recommended indicators are all rated according to this scale:

HighGoodAcceptable

In section E the methods for defining the energy baseline and advanced indicator analysis is described.

A Energy indicators for the production process

Electricity is often the only energy source in the production of printing companies but some printing houses also use natural gas in the production.The recommended energy indicators in this guideline have kWh as the unit for electricity, Nm3 as the unit for natural gas and ton as specification of weight. However, the use of other units such as e.g. GJ for electricity or kWh for natural gas does not change anything, and it is only in benchmarking between companies necessary with conversion factors to re-calculate to the same units.If a company uses more than one energy source separate indicators should as far as possible be defined for the different energy sources and as a minimum with a separation of energy consumption for production and energy consumption for heating and/or cooling of the facilities.

Electricity [kW h]Number of prints∗¿¿

or

Natural gas [Nm3]Number of prints∗¿¿

* Number of prints = Number of sheets or number of cylinder rotations.

Remarks Not suitable for benchmarking. Variation in size of machines influences the

indicator, if data covers more than one machine. Refer to the indicator for normalised number of prints below.





Electricity [kW h]Normalised number of prints∗¿¿

or

Natural gas [Nm3]Normalised number of prints∗¿¿

* Normalised number of prints = Number of sheets or number of cylinder rotations adjusted to a common machine size.

Remarks Not suitable for benchmarking. If the difference in the size of the machines is

significant it might influence the indicator since linear proportionality cannot be expected.

For guidance in normalisation of the production data se the section at the bottom of the table.

Electricity [kW h]Consumed substrate [ton ]

or

Natural gas[Nm3]Consumed substrate [ton ]

Remarks Benchmark is possible between companies. The stability of the indicator decreases if the data

for substrate is based on the amount of purchased substrate due to variations in stock.

Energy consumption [GJ ]Consumed paper [ton ]

Remarks When energy sources for production and space

heating are summarized the indicator can only be used with annual data.

Benchmark might be possible between companies with the same climate conditions.

The stability of the indicator decreases if the data for substrate is based on the amount of purchased substrate due to variations in stock.

Electricity [kW h]Production h ours

or

Natural gas [Nm3]Productionhours

Remarks Not suitable for benchmarking.





Normalisation of the number of printsIf the reference of the indicator is the number of prints and the energy consumption is summarized for several machines, it can be necessary to normalise the number of print compared to the sizes of the machines.

Example:If a company has both a 16 page printing machine and an 8 page printing machine, the counting values can be normalised to the size of one of the machines and in this example the 16 page printing machine.

Counting value 8 page printing machine : 12.000 prints Counting value 16 page printing machine : 20.000 prints

Indicator (normalised )= Electricity [kWh]

( 816

× 12.000 prints+ 1616

×20.000 prints)Area of printed substrateIf the company has data for the number of square meters of printed material this data might be used as an alternative to the normalised number of prints. However if the area of the printed substrate in the printing machine varies significant it might make the indicator unstable because the printing machine pretty much will use the same amount of energy no matter how large the area of substrate is in the machine.

B Energy indicators for general space heating

Energy for general space heating can represent a high percentage of the total energy consumption of a printing company. Since the variations in the climate conditions have a significant influence on the energy consumption for general space heating it is recommended to normalise the energy consumption by using Heating Degree Day (HDD) data.

Heat [GJ ]HDD

Heated floor area [m2 ]or

Natural gas[Nm3]HDD

Heated floor area [m2 ]HDD: Heating Degree Day energy consumption.

Remarks Benchmark is possible between companies. For guidance in normalisation of the energy

consumption by using HDD data se the section at the bottom of the table.

Heated building volume [m3] might be used as reference as alternative to heated floor area [m2].

The indicator is useless for periods with no or low energy consumption for heating e.g in the summer period.





Heat [GJ ]HDD

or

Natural gas [Nm3]HDD

HDD: Heating Degree Day energy consumption.

Remarks Not suitable for benchmarking. For guidance in normalisation of the energy

consumption by using HDD data se the section at the bottom of the table.

Heat [GJ ]

or

Natural gas [Nm3]

Remarks Not suitable for benchmarking. Strongly influenced by variations in climate

conditions.

Normalisation by using historic Heating Degree Day (HDD) dataThe energy consumption for space heating can be normalised by comparing the actual HHD data to historic HDD data representing a period which is considered to be normal. The historic data can either be HDD data for a period, for which the company wish to compare, or more official generic HDD data for the area where the company is situated.

Energy consumption (HDD corrected )= HDD for normal periodHDD for actual period

× Energy consumption(measured)

C Indirect energy related indicators

The energy consumed in the printing company represents in general only 20% of the total energy consumption in the life cycle of a printed product. The most important indirect energy consumptions in the life cycle are related to the production and transport of substrate and as a consequence of this is the substrate efficiency in the printing company important to monitor. The production of inks and printing plates have less but also significant impacts.

Waste substrate [ton ]Consumed substrate [ton ]

Remarks Benchmark is possible between companies.

Carbon footprint [ t CO2 eq ]Remarks Please refer to separate guideline for carbon

footprint indicators.





D Energy costs indicators

Energy costs indicators can be important tools for the top management, when prioritising the energy management activities of the company. The most useful energy cost indicator for many companies will often be the total costs of energy and the distribution of these costs on different energy sources and energy consuming activities in the company. However it might increase the interest in energy efficiency activities in the company by the top management if the energy costs are compared to the total added value or the profit of the company as shown below.

Production energy costs [EUR ]Total added value [ EUR ]

or

Totalenergy costs∗[ EUR]Totaladded value [ EUR ]

*Variations in climate conditions will interfere with the indicator.

Remarks There is a general increase in the activities in the

printing companies not related to production machines, which might influence the indicator.

Production energy costs [EUR ]Profit [ EUR ]

or

Totalenergy costs∗[ EUR]Profit [ EUR ]

*Variations in climate conditions will interfere with the indicator.

Remarks There is a general increase in the activities in the

printing companies not related to production machines, which might influence the indicator.

E Energy baseline and advanced indicator analysis

The energy baseline for a company is based on one or more indicator data for a specified period of time. The energy baseline defines the energy performance of the company or a process before and after implementation of new actions for improving the energy efficiency. The energy baseline can be based on indicator data with a frequency of a whole year like e.g.

Annual consumed electricity [kWh]Annual consumed substrate [ ton ]

andAnnualwaste substrate [ ton ]

Annual consumed substrate [ ton ]

E.1 Energy baseline for productionFor companies which have indicator data for the production with a high frequency on e.g. a monthly basis it is possible to make a dynamic analysis and baseline of the energy consumption





by including the variations in the production in the analysis.Figure 1 below shows an example of key figures for the consumption of natural gas in a case company.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Figure 1: Consumption of natural gas (example)

Month

Natural gas/production

Figure 1 shows that the key figure indicator varies, which probably is caused by variation in the production. This can be corrected by putting the key figure in correlation with the production size as shown in Figure 2.

30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 65,0000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

Figure 2: Consumption of natural gas (example)

Production

Natural gas/production

If the energy consumption that relates directly to the production is analysed, there will often be a linear relation between the key figure for energy consumption and the size of production. Naturally, the same relation is also present between the direct energy consumption and the size of the production as shown in Figure 3.





30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 65,000 -

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000 Figure 3: Consumption of natural gas (example)

Production

Natural gas

The regression lines in Figure 2 and Figure 3 represent the default energy consumption (baseline) for the specific activity in the company.Based on this baseline, it is easy to conclude if the energy consumption deviates from the normal as shown in Figure 4. Furthermore, it is an efficient tool for monitoring planned improvements for the process as shown in Figure 5.

30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 65,000 -

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000


Production

Natural gas





30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 50,000 55,000 60,000 65,000 -

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000


Production

Natural gas

E.2 Energy baseline for general space heatingFor general space heating a baseline can be defined based on the correlation between data for Heating Degree Day (HDD) and the energy consumption for space heating. This is especially relevant, if the company has data for HHD and energy consumption with a monthly or weekly frequency basis.The baseline can be defined by making a diagram where the energy indicator for space heating (not HDD corrected) is correlated to data for HDD representing the same period as shown in Figure 6.

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 5000

10

20

30

40

50

60

70Figure 6: Monthly consumption of energy for general space heating (ex-

ample)

HDD

MWh

.



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