vietnam ’ s stake in rio+20 and the sustainable development agenda

VIETNAM’S STAKE IN RIO+20 AND

THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

VIETNAM’S STAKE IN RIO+20 AND

THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

Rio for People: Strengthening People’s Capacity for Genuine Sustainable Development

Trương Quang HọcCRES, VNU HA NOI, VACNE

OUTLINE

1: OVERVIEW OF SD IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS

2: ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESSES

4. NATIONAL STRATEGY ON SD UPTO 2020

- CHALLENGES

- GREEN GROWTH

- IMPROVING INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM

- 7 CRITICAL ISSUES

- NATIONAL SD STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION

5. VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED IN SD IMPLEMENTATION

OVERVIEW OF 20 YEARS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

IMPLEMENTATION

IN VIETNAM

VIETNAM participated in: Earth Summit on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, 1992 World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, 2002

TWO UN SUMMITS

VIETNAM - SIGNATORY TO:

1 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

2 Agenda 213 Statement of principles for the Sustainable

Management of Forests4 United Nations Convention on Biological

Diversity5 United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate Change6. Johannesburg declaration on SD ...

www.themegallery.com LOGO

Commitments to the implementation of sustainable development at national and local levels

and…

Series of policies issued, creating legal basis for sustainable development implementation

Sustainable development view-points heavily emphasised: “Socio-economic development is closely combined

with the protection and improvement of environmental resources, ensuring a harmony between the artificial environment and the natural one, to maintain biodiversity“

(National 5 year socio-economic development plan 2006-2010)

INSTITUTION: POLICIES



2010: Luật Sử dụng năng lượng tiết kiệm và hiệu quả; Luật Khoáng sản (sửa đổi); Luật Thuế bảo vệ môi trường; Chương trình quốc gia phát triển công nghệ cao đến năm 2020; Quy chế về quản lý, thực hiện chương trình hỗ trợ pháp lý liên ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn 2010- 2014; Quyết định về việc thành lập Ban Chỉ đạo biên soạn xây dựng Chương trình giảm nghèo bền vững thời kỳ 2011 – 2020; Chương trình Mục tiêu Quốc gia về xây dựng nông thôn mới giai đoạn 2010 – 2020; Chương trình Quốc gia "Nâng cao năng suất và chất lượng sản phẩm, hàng hóa của doanh nghiệp Việt Nam đến năm 2020"; Chương trình hỗ trợ pháp lý liên ngành dành cho doanh nghiệp giai đoạn năm 2010-2014; Chương trình rà soát quy hoạch xây dựng nông thôn mới; Chương trình Hành động quốc gia khắc phục hậu quả bom mìn sau chiến tranh giai đoạn 2010-2025.2011: Chương trình Khoa học và công nghệ trọng điểm cấp nhà nước giai đoạn 2011-2015 (Khoa học và công nghệ phục vụ Chương trình Mục tiêu quốc gia ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu); Chiến lược Quốc gia về biến đổi khí hậu; Chương trình hỗ trợ ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu (SP-RCC); Thành lập Hội đồng Quốc gia về biến đổi khí hậu.2012: Danh mục các chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia giai đoạn 2012-2015; Chiến lược Phát triển bền vững Việt Nam giai đoạn 2011-2020; Chiến lược tăng trưởng xanh của Việt Nam thời kỳ 2011-2020 và tầm nhìn đến năm 2050 (dự thảo); Chiến lược phát triển và sử dụng công nghệ sạch (dự thảo).

Policies on: i) Economic developmentii) Social developmentiii) Nature conservation and environment

protectioniv) Hamonisation of three these pillars


INSTITUTIONS: POLICIES

Establishing:

The National Council

of SD (2005, 2009)

The SD office (2004)

The Council/ Committee of SD and its SD office in Sectors and locations

Vietnam Business Council

for SD (VBCSD) (2010)

IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

i) "The strategic orientation for sustainable development in Vietnam," (Vietnam Agenda 21) in August 2004.

- This is a framework plan to realize the targets of national sustainable development in the 21st century

i) "The strategic orientation for sustainable development in Vietnam," (Vietnam Agenda 21) in August 2004.

- This is a framework plan to realize the targets of national sustainable development in the 21st century

20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION

ii) "The strategic orientation for the sustainable development of sectors and locations- Sectors: MARD, MONRE, MOIT, MOC…- Provinces

ii) "The strategic orientation for the sustainable development of sectors and locations- Sectors: MARD, MONRE, MOIT, MOC…- Provinces

20 YEAR SD IMPLEMENTATION


AGENDA 21 STRUCTURE

SD Implementation arrangemnets

i) The leading role of the government:

Institutional developemnt

Improve environmental management

Integrate financial resources

Develop M&E system

Raise public awareness

Formulate sectoral & local SD action plans


INTERGRATING/MAISTREAMING

i) Localising Global Agenda 21 in National conditions

ii) Integrating SD objectives into:

Strategies Plannings Plans Programmes ofsectors, locations to Implement

Harmonisation of : - Economic,

- Social and - Environmental objectives


Involve the whole society in SD


“People know, people discuss, people do and pepole monitor”

INTELLECTUAL & SCIENTIFIC PARTICIPATION

1. Supply scientific foundations for SD decision-making and implementation

2. Consultations, discussions, recommendations to improve SD policies, monitoring SD implementation process:

3. Research & Development (R&D), supplying science-technology services to realising SD objectives in practice,


VIETNAM ASSOCIATION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE & ENVIRONMENT

RIO + 20 and Our Actionswww.themegallery.com LOGO

Until August, 2011, the number of member associations and affiliated facilities has been up to 150, including many different localities and fields

Consultancy and social review in the fields of nature conservation and environmental protection

Scientific research and technology innovation on environmental protection and sustainable development, and practical applications

Development and popularization of the models on Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

Publication of journals, magazines film production and photo contests on the environment

Education and training on environmental protection & sustainable development

Communications and raising public awareness Review and grant the Prize for the cause of environmental

protection Vietnam Heritage Tree Conservation Event International cooperation on environmental protection

ACTIVITY FIELDS WITH PROMINENT COMPLETED PROJECTS

NGOs

- Some 4000 NGOs- Activities mainly at

community level, especially in countryside

- Poverty reduction & community

development- Community-based

climate change response; disaster prevention, response & mitigation

- Sanitation and health care…


Network VNNGOs & CC (SRD)

30 E-Bulletin in the website CCWG and VNGO&CC;

6,500 Newsletters;

Data base on CC projects, experts, documents, references, budgets, training opportunities….

03 training courses for 15 key trainers from NGO/CBOs

19 Training courses for 567 pepole of 50 NGOs and other partners;

5 modules of community based Adaptation to CC;

A set of 5 manuals, guidelines for raising public awareness and adaptation to CC


TEENAGERS & YOUNG PEOPLE


Go-Green Summer of

Volunteers 350 (ppm) 26 (degree) Becoming

vice-chairmen in remote communes…

INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE

Multilateral organizations: WB, ADB, UNDP, IUCN, …; and Bilateral organizations: SIDA (Sweden), DANIDA (Denmark), JICA (Japan), GTZ/GIZ (Germany), Finaid, Holland, US, France… actively support Vietnam in sustainable development Sustainable development contents are closely

integrated into cooperative strategies of all donors/partners/investors


in the context of climate change

Develop policies and machanisms for promoting international cooperation

Hope to mobilise around US $9.1 billion of assistance from the international community to overcome CC serious challenges.

The country so far has received US $1.28 billion via 21 programs and projects.

Other 11 projects, worth US $1.3 billion, are under negotiation.

Support Programs on Response to CC in VN

UN-REDD VIETNAM

www.themegallery.com Company Logo

Phase 1: 2009-2012- 4.4 million USD- In Lam Dong province

Phase 2: from 2012- 100 million USD- 6 provinces- Institutional capacity

building for 42 provices

ACHIEVEMENTS&

WEAKNESSES

ACHIEVEMENTS&

WEAKNESSES

NATIONAL CONFERENCES ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: First: 12.2004 Second: 5.2006 Third: 1.2011

ACHIEVEMENTS AND WEAKNESS

The national economy grew fast, expanding 7.85 % per cent annually on average (2000-2008) and 5.78 (2011). In 2011, Vietnam's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) fetched $1,300, and the economic structure shifted in a positive direction.

1. ECONOMIC PILLAR

However, the achievements are not commensurate with the nation's potential and the economic development is unsustainable. The growth quality, productivity, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy is low, while macro-economic balances are not stable. Economic growth remains dependent on extensive development factors and slowly shifting into intensive development.

The status of the market economy, the quality of human resources and infrastructure remain hindrances to the country's development

1. ECONOMIC PILLAR

The nation recorded significant cultural and social achievements in many aspects, particularly poverty reduction, education development, health care, job creation, improved people’s living conditions …

Some cultural and social weaknesses were slowly surmounted,

- Poverty incidence unsustainable

- ...

…

-

2. SOCIAL PILLAR

9.45

The legal and policy framework has gradually been framed and completed and now supports environmental protection and socio-economic development in Vietnam more effectively.

The awareness of environmental protection among the public and managers has been considerably raised, the levels of environmental pollution, degradation and accidents have been gradually reduced - nature conservation has made a remarkable progress.

These achievements have contributed significantly to improving the living standard of people and to ensuring a sustainable development of the country.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR

However:

The country’s environmental quality continues to degrade in many places, especially in urban areas, coastal zones, river basins and craft villages

Public awareness and administrative system capacity is still low

Shortcomings in law enforcement and policy implementation…

3. ENVIRONMENTAL PILLAR

1991: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships

1993: Member of IUCN 1994: Convention on International Trade in Endangered

Species,CITES; Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer; Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer; United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC; CBD.

1995: Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal.

1998: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification , UNCCD, Kyoto Protokol

1999: International Declaration on Cleaner Production 2000: Millennium Development Goals; Population strategy. 2002: Johannesburg declaration on Sustainable development 2006: WTO


INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS


Việt Nam has accurately and successfully implemented these commitments:- Appointing focal points (appropriate ministries) for implementation arrangement;- Promulgating: policies, action plans, target programme to implement



MDGs2/3 of the way to achieving the MDGs- Reducing poverty:


9,45


-Malaria: decreased by 83% (during 15 years)


MDGs

SECTORAL & LOCAL AGENDA 21


Sectors and localities (provinces and cities) have formulated and implement their own Agenda 21 to confirm their activities towards sustainable development in reference to the major directions given in the Socio-economic Development Strategy and the Strategic Orientation Sustainable Development in Vietnam

FUTURE SD ORIENTATION

How will the lessons translate into action during the next 10 years? Vietnam's view of development, which has been shown in its 2011-2020 socio-economic development strategy, is that rapid development

must be linked to sustainability. Rapid development and

sustainable development must go together in socio-economic

development planning and policies.


1. Economic, energy and food crisis

2. Climate change

3. Degradation of natural resources (water, soil, biodiversity)

4. Environmental pollution:

- The consequences of war (bombs and dioxins)

- From socio-economic development

5. Low-effectiveness and wasteful production and consumption

3.1. Challenges for future SD

KINH TẾ XANH

GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY

GREEN GROWTH A STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE

ECOMOMIC DEVELOPMENT

GREEN GROWTH STRATEGY

Strategy objective

The strategy aimed to restructure and change the country's growth model, effectively using natural resources to increase the competitiveness of the economy, create jobs and improve people's living standards, while coping with climate change and contributing to efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions


The Green Growth Strategy in Vietnam is a method of accelerating the process of

economic restructuring towards the more efficient use of natural resources, reducing greenhouse gas emissions through research and the application of modern technologies, developing infrastructure to improve the entire efficiency of the economy, coping with climate change, contributing to poverty reduction, and driving economic growth in a sustainable manner.


GREEN GROWTH

The strategy would help Viet Nam reduce energy consumption by three per cent per GDP per year by 2020,

while greenhouse gas emissions would drop by 10-15 per cent compared with 2010.


GREEN GROWTH

Three main tasks have been identified: i) Adopting green production by fostering the efficiency of existing industries together with environmental manufacturing; ii) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions while increasing renewable energy use; ii) Changing lifestyles and consumption for sustainable development.


GREEN GROWTH

INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

Institutional framework for sustainable development (Green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication)


2. IMPROVING INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM

Need for improved institutions:a. SD in future should be the key content of the

long-term development strategy of VN in which green growth is the centre

b. Institutional framework of SD should:- Maintain harmonisation between three pillars: economy, society and environment;

- Be appropriate to the Vietnamese institutional system; - Be consistent with best international practices


2. IMPROVED INSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM

Need for improved institutional framework:

c. IF should be long-term, overcoming unsystematic and short-sighted situations

d. Monitoring and evaluation system should be developed and applied in practice

e. The SD council should be continuously strengthened in order to fulfill its important functions and responsibilities


7 CRITICAL ISSUES

Jobs

Energy

Cities

Food

Water

Oceans

Disasters


VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

IMPLEMENTATION

VIETNAM’S LESSONS LEARNED IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

IMPLEMENTATION

PART 4

1. Strong political commitments From the central to the grassroots level, Vietnam is committed to implementing sustainable development objectives, and to achieving the MDGs. It has developed an approach that mainstreams them into national development strategies, plans and programmes.

LESSONS LEARNED

2. Mobilising the active participation of the wide range of social groupsVietnam has been able to maximise the mobilisation of all social groups in the successful implementation of the sustainable development goals and the MDGs

LESSONS LEARNED

3. Integrating internal resources with international assistanceMaximising the mobilisation of domestic resources, attracting the participation and active contribution of all social classes, and mobilising and effectively utilising assistance from international organisations, the international community of donors and non-governmental organisations

LESSONS LEARNED

CONCLUSIONS

i) Vietnam has taken full advantage of opportunities and favourable conditions to overcome difficulties and challenges, especially te negative impacts from the two regional and global financial-economic crises, and has realised impressive achievements. Vietnam last year gained the status of a middle-income country. Many key targets of the 10-year strategy were fulfilled, such as reaching new development levels in production and the consequences of increased production.

ii) The central tasks in the coming years include economic restructuring, growth model renovation, fast and sustainable development.


CONCLUSIONS

Basic solutions:

i) Continuing to improve institutional and governance systems for SD

ii) Strengthening financial resources for SD;iii) Raising public awareness of SD;iv) Building capacity for SD management and

implementation;V) Raising the role and responsibility, and strengthening the

participation of socio-civil organisations, the business community, and NGOs in SD implementation;

vi) Developing human resources for SD;vii) Strengthening the role and impacts of Science and

Technology;viii) Strengthening International cooperation


vietnam ’ s stake in rio+20 and the sustainable development agenda

Documents

ng quc gia v bin i kh

sd office

national council of

sd implementationoverview

sd upto

thc hin chng trnh h

quy ch v qun

council committee of