victorian contex

The Victorian Age (1830-1901)

Sambourne House, London.

The Victorian AgeOnly connect ... New Directions

Victoria became queen at the age of 18; she was graceful and self-assured.

Her reign was the longest in British history.The Victorian AgeFranz Xavier Winterhalter, The young Queen Victoria, 18421. Queen VictoriaOnly Connect ... New Directions

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The Victorian Age1. Queen VictoriaIn 1840 she married a German prince, Albert of Saxe-Coburg.

They had nine children and their modest family life provided a model of respectability.

During this time Britain changed dramatically.

Franz Xavier Winterhalter, The young Queen Victoria, 1842Only Connect ... New Directions


2. The growth of the British EmpireEngland grew to become the greatest nation on earth The sun never sets on England.

The Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsBritish Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.


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2. The growth of the British EmpireBritish Empire included Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Africa, Kenya, and India.




2. The growth of the British EmpireGreat Britain imported raw materials such as cotton and silk and exported finished goods to countries around the world.




2. The growth of the British EmpireBy the mid-1800s, Great Britain was the largest exporter and importer of goods in the world. It was the primary manufacturer of goods and the wealthiest country in the world.




2. The growth of the British EmpireBecause of Englands success, the British felt it was their duty to bring English values, laws, customs, and religion to the savage races around the world.



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1832: The First Reform Act granted the vote to almost all male members of middle-class.

1833: The Factory Act regulated child labour in factories.

1834: Poor Law Amendment established a system of workhouses for poor people.3. An age of social and political reformsThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New Directions


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3. An age of social and political reformsThe Victorian Age1867: The Second Reform Act gave the vote to skilled working men.

1871: Trade Union Act legalised trades unions.

1884: The Third Reform Act granted the right to vote to all male householders.



Womens suffrage did not happen until 1918.The Rights of Women or Take Your Choice (1869)4. The womans questionThe Victorian AgeSuffragettesOnly Connect ... New Directions



Industrial revolution: factory system emerged; for the first time in Britains history there were more people who lived in cities than in the countryside.

Technological advances: introduction of steam hammers and locomotives; building of a network of railways.Workers in a Tobacco Factory5. Positive aspects of the ageThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New Directions



5. Positive aspects of the ageThe Victorian AgeEconomical progress: Britain became the greatest economical power in the world; in 1901 the Usa became the leader, but Britain remained the first in manufacturing.Only Connect ... New DirectionsWorkers in a Tobacco Factory



Crystal Palace was built for the Great Exhibition of 1851; it was destroyed by fire in 1936.

6. Crystal PalaceThe Victorian AgeThe Crystal PalaceOnly Connect ... New Directions


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6. Crystal PalaceThe Victorian AgeIt was made of iron and glass, exhibited hydraulic presses, locomotives, machine tools, power looms, power reapers and steamboat engines.Only Connect ... New DirectionsThe Crystal Palace


It had a political purpose it showed British economic supremacy in the world.6. Crystal PalaceThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsThe Crystal Palace


Pollution in towns due to factory activity.London in 1872Homeless Boys (1880)7. Negative aspects of the ageThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New Directions


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7. Negative aspects of the ageThe Victorian AgeLack of hygienic conditions: houses were overcrowded, most people lived in miserable conditions; poor houses shared water supplies.Only Connect ... New DirectionsLondon in 1872Homeless Boys (1880)


Epidemics, like cholera, thyphoid, caused a high mortality in towns. They came to a peak in the Great Stink of 1858.

This expression was used to describe the terrible smell in London, coming from the Thames.

The Miasmas, exhalations from decaying matter, poisoned the air.8. The Great StinkCaricature appearing on the magazine Punch in 1858The Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New Directions


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The Victorians were great moralisers they supported: personal duty, hard work, decorum, respectability, chastity.9. The Victorian compromiseThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsW. H. Hunt, The Awakening Conscience, 1853-4, London, Tate Britain.

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Victorian, synonym for prude, stood for extreme repression; even furniture legs had to be concealed under heavy cloth not to be suggestive.

New ideas were discussed & debated by a large part of society.

9. The Victorian compromiseThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsW. H. Hunt, The Awakening Conscience, 1853-4, London, Tate Britain.



The middle-class was obsessed with gentility, respectability, decorum.

Respectability distinguished the middle from the lower class.9. The Victorian compromiseThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsJohn Lamb, Victorian family portrait, 1879.

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Decorum meant:

Victorian private lives were dominated by an authoritarian father.Women were subject to male authority; they were expected to marry and make home a refuge for their husbands.

9. The Victorian compromiseThe Victorian AgeOnly Connect ... New DirectionsJohn Lamb, Victorian family portrait, 1879.



John Stuart Mill and his ideas based on Benthams Utilitarianism.10. Key thinkersThe Victorian AgeJohn Stuart MillOnly Connect ... New Directions



Karl Marx and his studies about the harm caused by industrialism in mans life.10. Key thinkersThe Victorian AgeKarl MarxOnly Connect ... New Directions



Charles Darwin and the theory of natural selection.10. Key thinkersThe Victorian AgeCharles DarwinOnly Connect ... New Directions



11. The rise of the novelThere was a communion of interests and opinions between the writers and their readers.

The Victorians were avid consumers of literature. They borrowed books from circulating libraries and read various periodicals.

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11. The rise of the novelNovels made their first appearance in instalments on the pages of periodicals.

The voice of the omniscient narrator provided a comment on the plot and erected a rigid barrier between right and wrong, light and darkness.




11. The rise of the novelThe setting chosen by most Victorian novelists was the town.

Victorian writers concentrated on the creation of characters and achieved a deeper analysis of their inner life.




12. PoetryAlfred, Lord Tennyson: the most popular Victorian poet. He wrote narrative poems.The Victorian AgeAlfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson, by George Frederic Watts (died 1904), given to the National Portrait Gallery, London in 1895.Only Connect ... New Directions


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12. PoetryRobert Browning: he raised the dramatic monologue to new heights making it a vehicle for a deep psychological study.The Victorian AgeRobert BrowningOnly Connect ... New Directions



12. PoetryElizabeth Barrett Browning: she wrote love sonnets valued for their lyric beauty.The Victorian AgeElizabeth Barrett BrowningOnly Connect ... New Directions



The Victorian Age

The Victorian AgeOnly connect ... New DirectionsOnly connect ... New DirectionsThe Victorian Age


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*Only connect ... New DirectionsThe Victorian Age*

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victorian contex

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