victor charpenay | standardized semantics for an open web of things

Public © Siemens AG 2015 siemens.com

Standardized Semantics for an

Open Web of Things Victor Charpenay – SEMANTiCS 2016, Leipzig, 14th Sept. 2016

2015-04-17

Public © Siemens AG 2015

Victor Charpenay / CT RDA NEC WOS-DE

Outline

• Introduction • Why the Web of Things depends on semantics

• W3C Web of Things Interest Group • Self-descriptive Things

• Protocol bindings & scripting API

• Use cases

• An ontology for WoT • Ontologies for the IoT

• Ontologies for the Web

• The Web of Things as seen by the W3C

• Applications • Semantic querying and alignment

• Thing Description playground

• Conclusion

See also:

“Introducing Thing Descriptions and Interactions:

An Ontology for the Web of Things” (1)

2015-04-17



The Perfect Storm, http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0177971/

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0177971/

2015-04-17



Satellite image

taken yesterday,

available at http://...



2015-04-17



Satellite image

taken yesterday,


Satellite image to be

taken today, for

$100. Click here



2015-04-17



Satellite image

taken yesterday,



taken today, for

$100. Click here

(Emergency) A Coast Guard

observer plane ca n be sent.

Click here.



2015-04-17



Satellite image

taken yesterday,



taken today, for

$100. Click here



Click here.

(Abuse punished) A high-

altitude US military observer

ca n be sent. Click here.



2015-04-17



Satellite image

taken yesterday,



taken today, for

$100. Click here



Click here.

(Abuse punished) A high-

altitude US military observer

ca n be sent. Click here.

A satellite image commercial

service will launch late 2016.

See http://...



2015-04-17



Semantics for the Web of Things

Strata 2013, https://youtu.be/Cob5oltMGMc

Introduction

W3C WoT Interest Group

An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

James Hendler

https://youtu.be/Cob5oltMGMc

2015-04-17




Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


Milk

by

Sim

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tåle

nh

ag

http://simonstalenhag.se/


2015-04-17



Things are Self-descriptive

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

ES

P8266 W

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odule

by

Davi

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elli

s

https://flic.kr/p/qUfsai




2015-04-17




Host: coap://www.example.com:5683/

GET /.well-known/core

GET /temp

GET /temp/val

OBSERVE /temp/val/high

POST /temp/set

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

ES

P8266 W

iFI M

odule

by

Davi

d M

elli

s





2015-04-17




{

"@context": [ … ],

"@type": “saref:TemperatureSensor",

"name": "myTempSensor",

"uris": [ "coap://www.example.com:5683/temp" ],

"encodings": [ "JSON" ],

"properties": [{

"@type": “saref:Temperature",

"hrefs": [ "val" ]}],

"actions": [{

"@type": “saref:SetAbsoluteLevelCommand",

"inputData": {

"@type": “saref:Temperature",

"valueType": { "type": "number" }},

"hrefs": [ “set" ]}],

"events": [{

"valueType": { "type": "number" },

"hrefs": [ "val/high" ]}]

}

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

W3C WoT Thing Description (JSON-LD)

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Protocol Bindings

Operation HTTP CoAP MQTT BLE

Create POST POST PUBLISH N/A

Retrieve GET GET SUBSCRIBE READ

Update PUT PUT PUBLISH WRITE

Delete DELETE DELETE N/A N/A

Observe GET text/stream,

TE=chunked (SSE)

GET with OBS

option SUBSCRIBE ?

Notify SSE chunk

Response

Response with OBS

option PUBLISH NOTIFY

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Interaction model mapping to an Abstract Transfer Layer (proposal)

2015-04-17



Protocol Bindings







TE=chunked (SSE)

GET with OBS

option SUBSCRIBE ?

Notify SSE chunk

Response

Response with OBS


Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


Property

2015-04-17



Protocol Bindings







TE=chunked (SSE)

GET with OBS

option SUBSCRIBE ?

Notify SSE chunk

Response

Response with OBS


Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


Property

Action

2015-04-17



Protocol Bindings







TE=chunked (SSE)

GET with OBS

option SUBSCRIBE ?

Notify SSE chunk

Response

Response with OBS


Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


Property

Action

Event

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Web Scripting API

WoT.discover("repository", {

repository: "http://localhost:8080",

query: "?t a saref:Switch ; saref:isUsedFor ?bo ; hasAction ?a ; isLocatedIn " + room + " . " +

"?bo a saref:Window . " +

"?a a saref:CloseCommand ."

}).then(function(things) {

things.forEach(function(thing) {

var name = thing.actions.find(function(t) {

return t["@type"] === "saref:CloseCommand"

}).name;

thing.invokeAction(name);

});

})

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Example of using WoT scripting API and SAREF vocabulary on a Javascript WoT engine

2015-04-17



Use Cases

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Building

Automation Mobility

Energy

Management

Cross-domain Application

WoT Model

…

Use Cases and Requirements for the Web of Things

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Use Cases

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Building

Automation Mobility

Energy

Management …


2015-04-17



Use Cases

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


2015-04-17



An Ontology for WoT

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

An Ontology for WoT

Hackin

g T

he L

oop b

y S

imon S

tåle

nh

ag



2015-04-17



OWL-IoT-S

SA

SWEET

OWL-S

SAREF

oneM2M

Time

WGS84

DUL

WoT

IoT-O

IoT-lite

SSN

QUDT

DogOnt

WSMO-lite MUO

PowerOnt

UCUM

SAN

IRE

Ontologies for the IoT

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

— extends

— has disjunctions with

— has equivalences with

— specializes

Linked Open Vocabulary (LOV) cloud for the IoT

2015-04-17



Ontologies for the Web

Proxy Resource

Web Resource

Semantic Resource

Entity

proxyFor

formalExactProxyFor

Identifier (URI)

Abstract Web Location webLocationOf

hasIdentifier

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

2015-04-17




https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

skyl

ine b

erlin

by

Marc

o

https://flic.kr/p/jBExnA

https://flic.kr/p/jBExnA

2015-04-17




@prefix wikibase: <http://wikiba.se/ontology-

beta#> .

@prefix wdata:

<https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntDt/> .

@prefix wd: <http://www.wikidata.org/entity/> .

@prefix skos:

<http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> .

@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

wd:Q64 a wikibase:Item ;

rdfs:label "Berlin"@en ;

skos:prefLabel "Berlin"@en ;

schema:name "Berlin"@en ;

rdfs:label "Берлин"@ru ;

skos:prefLabel "Берлин"@ru ;

schema:name "Берлин"@ru ;

rdfs:label "Berlin"@fr ;

skos:prefLabel "Berlin"@fr ;

schema:name "Berlin"@fr ;

schema:description

"capital and city-state of Germany"@en,

wdt:P610 wd:Q19259618 ;

wdt:P1151 wd:Q3248436 ;

wdt:P31 wd:Q1221156,

wd:Q262166 ;

wdt:P150 wd:Q163966,

wd:Q158893,

wd:Q163012,

wd:Q158876 ;

wdt:P194 wd:Q640859 ;

wdt:P209 wd:Q2515458 ;

…

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

http://wikidata.org/entity/Q64

2015-04-17



Thing Description and Interactions

Interaction

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Proxy Resource

Web Resource

Semantic Resource

Entity

proxyFor

formalExactProxyFor

URI (Identifier)


hasIdentifier

Thing Description

Property Action Event Thing

2015-04-17




Interaction

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Proxy Resource

Web Resource

Semantic Resource

Entity

proxyFor

formalExactProxyFor

URI (Identifier)


hasIdentifier

Thing Description

Property Action Event Thing

http://w3c.github.io/wot/wot.owl

2015-04-17




{

"@context": [ … ],

"@type": “Thing",

"name": "myTempSensor",

"uris":

[ "coap://www.example.com:5683/temp" ],

"encodings": [ "JSON" ],

"properties": [{

"name": "myTemp",

"valueType":

{ "type": "number" },

"writable": false,

"hrefs": [ "val" ]}],

"actions": [{

"inputData": {

valueType:

{ "type": "number" }},

"name": "myThermostat",

"hrefs": [ “set" ]}],

"events": [{

"valueType":

{ "type": "number" },

"name": "myWarning",

"hrefs": [ "val/high" ]}]

}

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

coap://www.example.com:5683/temp

2015-04-17



Applications

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

Applications

We’v

e G

ot

Bandw

idth

by

Sim

on S

tåle

nh

ag



2015-04-17



Semantic Querying and Alignment

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

(DUL) (DUL)

Property Action

Quality Abstract

Entity

2015-04-17




Quantity Kind

Property

Temperature Pressure Quantity of

Light

(QUDT)

(SSN)

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

(DUL) (DUL)

Property Action

Quality Abstract

Entity

2015-04-17




Quantity Kind

Property

Temperature Pressure Quantity of

Light

(QUDT)

(SSN)

Continuous Functionality

Functionality

Discrete Functionality

Temperature Regulation

Tuner Regulation

Fan Control Play

Functionality Toggle

Functionality

(DogOnt)

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

(DUL) (DUL)

Property Action

Quality Abstract

Entity

2015-04-17



Semantic Validation

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

2015-04-17



Semantic Validation

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

thingweb/thingweb-playground

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Conclusion

Summary

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

2015-04-17



Conclusion

Summary

• Semantics are at the core of the activity in the W3C IG

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

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Conclusion

Summary


• Semantic modelling made accessible through tooling

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion

2015-04-17



Conclusion

Summary



Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion


https://github.com/thingweb/thingweb-playground/





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Conclusion

Summary



• TPAC Lisbon 2016 next week

Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion







2015-04-17



Conclusion

Summary




Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion



https://www.w3.org/2016/09/TPAC/






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Conclusion

Summary




Introduction


An Ontology for WoT

Applications

Conclusion




Thank you!






2015-04-17



References

(1) Introducing Thing Descriptions and Interactions: An Ontology for the Web of Things

(2) Agents and the Semantic Web

(3) http://w3c.github.io/wot/current-practices/wot-practices.html

(4) http://w3c.github.io/wot/proposals/explicit-bindings/abstract-transfer-layer.html

(5) http://w3c.github.io/wot/wot-ucr.html

(6) Linked Open Vocabularies (LOV): a gateway to reusable semantic vocabularies on the Web

(7) The SSN ontology of the W3C semantic sensor network incubator group

(8) http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl

(9) Identity of Resources and Entities on the Web

(10) The bourne identity of a web resource

(11) Towards an OWL ontology for identity on the web

http://w3c.github.io/wot/current-practices/wot-practices.html






http://w3c.github.io/wot/proposals/explicit-bindings/abstract-transfer-layer.html







http://w3c.github.io/wot/wot-ucr.html



http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl

http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl

2015-04-17



Conclusion



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