vi3 ic rev b - 06 virtual machines

8/6/2019 VI3 IC REV B - 06 Virtual Machines

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6-1VMware Infrastructure 3: Install and Configure Rev BCopyright 2006 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved.

Virtual Machine

Creation and Management

Module 6


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You are here

Virtual Machines

VM Resource Management

VM Access Control

VM Creation & Management

Virtual Infrastructure

VirtualCenter Installation

Operations

Networking

ESX Server Installation

Virtual Infrastructure Overview

Troubleshooting Tips

Data & Availability Protection

VM Resource Monitoring

Storage


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Importance and module objectives

Importance The most efficient way to use ESX Server is to create a base image

VM. Once you have a base image VM, you can create a templateand deploy additional VMs from the template. This saves time andprevents mistakes.

Objectives for the learner

Create a VM

Modify a VM

Create a template

Deploy a VM from a template


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Module lessons

Lesson 1: Create a VM

Lesson 2: Create Multiple VMs

Lesson 3: Manage VMs


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Lesson 1:

Create a VM


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Lesson topics

VM virtual hardware

Create a VM

Installing a guest OS into a VM

VMware Tools


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What is a virtual machine (VM)?

Set of virtual hardware onwhich a supported guestOS and its applicationsrun

A set of discrete files

A VMs configuration filedescribes the VMsconfiguration, including itsvirtual hardware

Avoid using specialcharacters and spaces inVMs display name

Virtual Machine

guestOS = winnetstandarddisplayName = MyVM(etc.)

MyVM.vmx


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VM virtual hardware

Upto 2 CD-ROMs

Upto 3 ports Upto 4 ports

1-4 adapters

1-4 adapters;1-15 devices each

Upto 16GB RAM

1-2 drives

VM Chipset1 CPU (2 or4 CPUswith VMware SMP)


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CPU and memory

1, 2 or 4 virtual CPUs (VCPUs)

Virtual SMP license requiredfor 2- and 4-VCPU VMs

Use 2-VCPU VMs on physicalmachines with more than 2

physical CPUs

Use 4-VCPU VMs on physicalmachines with more than 4physical CPUs

Specify maximum memory size

(up to 16GB) Amount the guest OS will be

told it has

Virtual Machine


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Virtual disk

Local

Virtual Machine

Parameter Sample value

Virtual disk size 4 GB

Datastore MyVMFS

Virtual disk node 0:0

Virtual disk mode Snapshots allowed

Virtual storage adapter LSILogic (or BusLogic)

Virtual disk file name Defaults to name of virtual machine, followed by .vmdk


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SnapshotManager

Virtual disk modes

Disk modes: Snapshots allowed (default)

Independent

Persistent

Non-persistent

Disk modes set per virtual disk

Snapshots

Useful when you need to revert repeatedly tothe same state, without creating new VMs

Useful in test/dev, training scenarios

Main use in ESX Server is for doing backups

Snapshot manager manages your snapshots


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Create a VMOther devices

Network adaptervlance

Connect to virtual switch

CD-ROM drive

Connect to CD-ROM or

ISO image

Floppy drive

Connect to floppy orfloppy image

Generic SCSI devices

(such as tape libraries) May be connected to

additional SCSI adapters

Virtual Machine


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Virtual Machine (VM) console

VM Console allows you to:

Send power changes to your VM

Access the VMs guest OS

Send Ctrl+Alt+Del to the guest OS


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Install guest OS into VM

Install from ISOimage (mounted on virtualCD-ROM drive) to virtual disk

Local

VM Console


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What are the VMware tools?

Device drivers for

Virtual video card

Mouse

Optimized SCSI driver

Memory management

Hardware acceleration formouse

Support for quiescing afilesystem

Used by VMware Consolidated

Backup VMware Tools installs into

guest OS like an applicationVMware Tools

VMware SVGA IIVMware Pointing Device

VMware SCSI Drivervmmemctl

VM Console


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VMware tools configurable features

Time synchronization between

guest and Service Console

Manage scripts to be runinside the guest OS


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Lab for lesson 1

Create a Virtual Machine Using VirtualCenter

In this lab, you will perform the following tasks:

Create a virtual machine

Install a guest OS into a virtual machine

Install VMware Tools into the guest OSVerify network connectivity from your virtual machine


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Lesson summary

A VM can be configured with up to 4 virtual CPUs and 16GB of memory

By default, snapshots are allowed on virtual disks

It is a best practice to install VMware Tools in every

virtual machine


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Lesson 2:Create Multiple VMs


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Lesson topics

Templates

Creating and deploying VMs from a template

Cloning a VM

Customizing a guest OS


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What is a template?

Used to createcommonly-deployedVMs

A virtual machine thatis marked as never tobe powered on

Templates virtual diskfiles are stored in eithermonolithic or sparse fileformat

Can be stored in a

VMFS, NFS orservice consolefilesystem


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Create a template

Two methods:

Clone to Template

Convert to Template

Choose Clone to

Template if the originalVM is still needed


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Update a template

Use the Convert toVirtual Machine task

Place VM on isolatednetwork to prevent user

access Make changes

Convert VM back totemplate


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View templates

View templates from the

Virtual Machines &Templates view

Or from the Hosts &

Clusters view, VirtualMachines tab


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Deploy VM from template

Name the virtual machine and place into inventory


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Clone a VM

An alternate method ofdeploying a VM

Exact copy of VM

Customization of a clones

guest OS is recommendedto prevent software andnetwork conflicts


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Guest OS customization

VirtualCenter can apply unique system information to a VM

when it is cloned or deployed from template

For guest OS customization to work, it must be enabled inVirtualCenter

To enable for Windows VMs, install sysprep files on VirtualCenter Server

Already enabled for Linux VMs (Open Source components are installed onthe VirtualCenter Server)


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Lab for lesson 2

Template Provisioning


Configure guest OS customization on the VirtualCenter Server

Convert a virtual machine to a template

Convert a template back to a virtual machine

Clone a virtual machine to a template

Deploy a virtual machine from a template


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Lesson summary

A template can be stored on disk in either monolithic orsparse file format

A template can be converted back to a VM; this is usefulif you need to update your template with new software

When you clone a VM or deploy a VM from a template,VirtualCenter can automatically customize the guest OSfor you


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Lesson 3:Manage VMs


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Lesson topics

Move VM to a different ESX Server

Modify a VMs configuration


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Move VM between ESX servers: cold migration

A cold migration moves a VM that is powered off

May or may not involve movement of virtual disk

Perform a cold migration when

Moving VM to an ESX Server with a local (non-shared) datastore

Moving VMs between ESX Servers using different CPU families

Virtual diskis notmoved Virtual diskis moved


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Modify a VM

Most devices must beadded while the VM ispowered off

Floppies and CDscan be mounted or

unmounted whileVM is on

Network connectioncan be changed whileVM is on Hard disk is the only

hot-pluggable device

Unavailable means VM

must be powered off for

device to be added


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Example 1: add raw LUN access to VM

Why use a raw LUN with a VM?

To allow VM clusteringacrossboxes, or physical-to-virtual

To enable use of SAN managementsoftware inside guest OS

Can be added while VM is

powered on

A VM can access a raw SANLUN using an RDM(Raw Device Mapping)

An RDM allows a special file in a

VMFS volume to act as a proxyfor a raw device

An RDM allows a raw LUNto use snapshots


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Example 2: add a virtual NIC to VM

Why add an additionalNIC?

To allow a VM to accessmultiple networks

To create a firewall

environment

Must be added whileVM is powered off


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Labs for lesson 3

1. Create a Firewalled Virtual Machine Environment

In this lab, you will perform the following tasks: Create a Linux virtual machine that functions as a NAT Router

Configure an existing virtual machine as a NAT Client that uses the NATRouter to access the external network

2. (OPTIONAL) Allow Virtual Machine Access to a Raw LUN

In this lab, you will perform the following tasks: Add a raw LUN to a virtual machines configuration

Verify that the virtual machine can access its new LUN

3. (OPTIONAL) Using VLANs


Add two port groups (VLANs) to the internal virtual switch Create a second NAT Router virtual machine

Configure the original NAT Client/NAT Router pair to use one VLAN, and asecond NAT Client/NAT Router pair to use the other VLAN

Verify NAT routing works for both pairs of virtual machines


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Module summary

A VM snapshot is useful when you need to revertrepeatedly to the same state, without creating new VMs

VirtualCenter allows automatic guest OS customizationwhen cloning a VM or deploying a VM from a template

It is possible to add a hard disk to your VM while the VMis up and running


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Questions?

vi3 ic rev b - 06 virtual machines

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