vertical farming: a revolution in food production …...1 november 01, 2013 _sector confidential...
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November 01, 2013 _Sector Confidential1
Vertical farming: a revolution in food production enabled by LED lighting
Dr. Céline NicolePhilips Lighting Research
Vertical Farming Conference - Venlo - 28 June 2017
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2 March 2, 2015 Philips Horticulture LED Solutions / City Farming
Growing Population
Availability of Water
Food safety
Food accessibility
Urbanization
Extremely efficient farming, high yield
>90% reduction in water use
No Pesticides, No Pollution
Grown Locally
Efficient use of space
Global Challenges Vertical Farming Solutions
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Confidential
CO2
• Fresh air• Air flow
Plant condition is more than lighting
3
Nutrients Irrigation• Water• Manual/
Automatic
Climate• Temperature
(changes)
Lighting• For optimal
photosynthesis
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4 Philips Lighting Research
GrowWise Research center
Eindhoven
Content
Recap plant – light interaction
Coloration
Health
Taste
Shelf life
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Plant – light interaction
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6 CO2 + 6 H2O + C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Energy : Photosynthesis, transpiration,
respiration
Information : Plant development, flowering,
shape, coloration…
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Content
Recap plant – light interaction
Coloration
Health
Taste
Shelf life
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Quality versus Yield
Philips Lighting Research7
Red Salanova Red OakLollo rosso
Lettuce from Rijk Zwaan b.v.
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Coloration
Anthocyanin
Research hypothesis:
Temperature stress
Light stress : Blue – UV
Light signaling : Far-red
8 Philips Lighting Research
Color analysis
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ColorationResults
9 Philips Lighting Research
Dynamic light recipe strategy is best for high yield and good coloration of lettuce
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Content
Recap plant – light interaction
Coloration
Health
Taste
Shelf life
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Nitrate• Leafy vegetables such as lettuces and spinach
are high in Nitrate.• Health concern. • EU regulation + Retail requirements
Research hypothesis:
– Nitrate accumulation = low light level
– Optimized photosynthesis light spectrum
– Minimize nitrate in irrigation
– Pre-harvest light recipe to accelerate nitrate
reductase
12 Philips Lighting Research
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Nitrate control in SpinachEffect of day light integral and spectrum
13 Philips Lighting Research
EU reg.
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Nitrate control in Arugula (rocket)
Effect of day light integral and spectrumEU reg: 6000 mg/kg
14 Philips Lighting Research
B
A
C
D
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Medium W Low Medium High
Nitrate
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Vitamin C Arugula (rocket)Effect of day light integral and light quality
15 Philips Lighting Research
USDA standard
C
D
B
A
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Medium W Low Medium High
Vitamin C (mg/kg)
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Vitamin C tomatoesWhen grown in the greenhouse, tomato fruit typically have low levels of vitamin C. Light is the major regulatory of plants vitamin C content. Increases of more than 30 % is observed after illuminating the detached fruits with LED lighting.
16 Philips Lighting Research
N Ntagkas etal, Acta horticulturae 1134(1134):351-356 · May 2016
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Content
Recap plant – light interaction
Coloration
Health
Taste
Shelf life
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TasteBasic sugars, acids and volatiles
Research hypothesis:
Light influences the production of secondary
metabolites/volatiles
UVB accelerate volatiles biosynthesis
18 Philips Lighting Research
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Volatiles• Taste is a matter of cultivar but also light
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0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
Emily Marian Rosie Edwina Eowyn
VO
Cs
con
cen
tra
tio
n (
pp
m g
-1)
Cultivar
White light
LED recipe
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Taste of Arugula (rocket)
20 Philips Lighting Research
Significant taste perception differences were observed with Arugula grown under different light qualities.
Sweetness
BitternessFlavour
L1
L2
L3
L4
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Content
Recap plant – light interaction
Coloration
Health
Taste
Shelf life
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Lettuce shelf life
22 Philips Lighting Research
Shelf life test are being done at the moment and are showing some differences depending on climate, pre-harvest conditions, climate and light condition at harvest and post-harvest handling.Light level before harvest is very important for shelf life and overall visual quality.
High Medium Low
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Conclusions
Vertical farming enables control of all the
growth parameters
Yield, Quality and Nutrient are controlled
this is a revolution in food production
Eating fresh, locally grown, healthy
vegetables, pesticides free, all year long
will transform the food chain and impact
human health
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November 01, 2013 _Sector Confidential24
Thank You
Philips Lighting Horticulture Stefan van der VoortThijs van den BerghAndris StuksRoel JanssenEllis Janssen-van BoxtelBlake LangeDanielle Smits-van TuijlPascal van MegenGus van der Feltz Prof. Leo Marcelis
Prof. Ernst WolteringProf. Wim van IeperenDr. J. VerdonkDr. F. Troost
WUR/Maastricht/HAS Jarno MoorenAna TerraDorthe LarsenIris van der SterrenJoris HuskensFilippos CharalambousNikos Ntagkas
BreedersRijk ZwaanEnza Zaden