vertebrates - h

8/7/2019 Vertebrates - H

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Vertebrates

Fishes

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals


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Fi shes

A. Jawless Fish

B. Cartilage Fish

C. Bony Fish


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A. J awless Fi sh

1. Agnathans2. No jaws

3. Smooth scale-less skin

4. Cylindrical body

5. Parasitic_


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6 . Examples:a. lamprey_


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6 . Examples:a. lamprey_


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b. hagfish_


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B. C art ilage Fi sh

1. Chondrichthyes2. Hinged jaw

3. Paired fins_


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4. Lateral line- detectsmovement in water

5. Kidneys- remove waste andmaintain water balance_


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6 . Examples:a. sharks_


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b. rays & skates_


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C. Bony Fi sh

1. Osteichthyesa. lung fish

b. lobe-finned fish

c. ray-finned fish

2. Swim bladder- filled with gas3. Ectothermy- body

temperature determined byenvironment

4. Examples:

a. tuna

b. bluefish

c. salmon

d. guppies_


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THE END


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Amphibians

A. Characteristics

B. Examples


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A. C haracter ist ics

1. First vertebrates to live onland_


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2. Three chambered heart3. Smooth skin_


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B. Ex amples


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1. Newts & salamandersa. visible tail

b. smooth moist skin

c. legs extend outward frombody

d. walk side to side_


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2. Frogs and toadsa. no claws on toes

b. go throughmetamorphosis_


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3. Caeciliansa. small eyes

b. worm-like body_


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THE END


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Rept iles

A. Characteristics

B. Examples


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1. First vertebrates to evolveadaptations for a life stylewithout water

a. waterproof skin (dry hardscales)

b. egg with protective shell_


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1. Snakes_


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2. Lizards_


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3. Turtles & tortoises_


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THE END


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Birds

A. Characteristics

B. Examples


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1. Ancestor of modern bird hadreptilian features

a. archeaopteryx

2. Feathers

3. Hollow bones (light weight)_


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4. Four chambered heart5. Endotherms- warm blooded_


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B. Ex amples

1. Passeriformes- songbirds

2. Adodiformes- fast flyers

3. Piciformes- woodpeckers ortoucans

4. Psittaciformes- parrots

5. Charadriiformes- shorebirds6 . Columbiformes- pigeons

7. Falconiformes- birds of prey

8. Galliformes- game birds_


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9. Gruiformes- marsh birds10 . Anseriformes- water fowl11 . Strigiformes- owls12. Ciconiiformes- waders13. Procellariformes- sea birds

14. Sphenisciformes- penguins15. Dinornithiformes- kiwis16 . Struthioniformes- ostriches_


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THE END


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1. Mammary glands to feed young

2. Have hair

3. Endothermic_


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B. Ex amples

1. Rodentia- small plant-eaters

2. Chiroptera- flying

3. Insectivora- small, burrowing

4. Marsupialia- pouched

5. Carnivora- carnivorouspredators

6 . Primates- tree-dwellers

7. Artiodactyla- hoofed_


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8. Cetacea- fully marine

9. Lagomorpha- rodentlikejumpers

10 . Pinnipedia- marine carnivores11 . Edentata- toothless insect-

eaters12. Perissodactyla- hoofed, one

or three toes13. Proboscidea- long-trunked

herbivores_


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1. MonOtremes

a. lay eggs

b. example- platypus_


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2. MarsUpials

a. underdeveloped youngcrawl into a pouch todevelop completely

b. examples- kangaroo,opossum, koala_


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3. Placental

a. most successful mammals

b. give birth to developedyoung

c. examples- humans, dogs,

dolphins, whales,rhinoceros, and bats_


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THE END


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5. Examples:

a. lamprey_


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b. hagfish

B. C art ilage Fi sh


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1. Chondrichthyes

2. Hinged jaw

3. Paired fins_


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6 . Examples:

a. sharks_


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6 . Examples:

a. sharks_


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b. rays_


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b. rays_



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1. First vertebrates to live on

land_



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1. First vertebrates to live on

land_

h h b d h


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2. Three chambered heart

3. Smooth skin_


1 Fi b l


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1. First vertebrates to evolve

adaptations for a life stylewithout water




1 Fi b l


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1. First vertebrates to evolve

adaptations for a life stylewithout water



B. Ex amples

1 S k


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1. Snakes_


1 A t f d bi d h d


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1. Ancestor of modern bird had

reptilian featuresa. archeaopteryx

2. Feathers

3. Hollow bones (light weight)_

4 F h b d h t


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4. Four chambered heart

5. Endotherms- warm blooded_

vertebrates - h

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