verges psychonomics2008
DESCRIPTION
Research on mental imagery of words and pictures presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society in Chicago, IL.TRANSCRIPT
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Perceptual Simulation of Verbs and Pictures
Michelle VergesIndiana University, South Bend
Sean DuffyRutgers University
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Research Question:Do object images and motion words direct one’s spatial attention in mental imagery?
• Interplay between language and perception
• Representational processes between symbols and referents
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Perceptual Symbol Systems Barsalou (1999, 2008)
• Sensorimotor representations that simulate perceptual, motor, and introspective processes
• Integrate constituent features and orientations to form a single, multimodal representation
• Contrasted with amodal symbol systems
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Perceptual-Interference Effects:Mental imagery can interfere with the direct perception of another stimulus
• If mental image and physical stimulus overlap spatially (Craver-Lemley & Arteberry, 2001)
• If mental image and physical stimulus activate different perceptual representations (Estes, Verges, & Barsalou, 2008)
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Spatial Cuing Paradigm
Richardson, Spivey, Barsalou, & McRae (2003) horizontal/vertical sentences
Bergen, Lindsay, Matlock, & Narayanan (2007) up/down sentences
Estes, Verges, & Barsalou (2008) up/down nouns
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
+
cue
(ISI)
o
Prior Research Cue
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Experiment 1 (N = 28)Object Images and Words
• 32 object images and corresponding labels denoted up or down spatial prime
Up: cloud, flag, hat
Down: foot, whale, snake
Non-spatial: cake, lemon, comb
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Experiment 1 (N = 28)Object Images and Words
• 32 object images and corresponding labels denoted up or down spatial prime
• Primes presented centered of computer screen
• Target letter (X, O) shown at top of bottom of display
• Picture/word conditions counterbalanced Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Procedure
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
Fixation (250 ms)
hat Prime (100 ms)
ISI (50 ms)
x
Target (respond)
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Results:Object Words
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
Spatial Prime
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Results:Object Images
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
Spatial Prime
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Experiment 2 (N = 48)Do perceptual-interference effects occur
for motion words?
• Verbs require holistic representations found in literal sentences (Bergen et al., 2007)
• But maybe not (Richardson et al., 2003)
• Verbs serve as the backbone of sentences (Pulvermüller, 2005)
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Experiment 2 (N = 48)
• 32 verbs denoted up or down spatial prime
Up: climb, lift, rise
Down: dig, dive, fall
Non-spatial: choose, draw, tickle
• Procedure identical to Experiment 1Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
Results:Motion Words
Spatial Prime
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Conclusions
• Object and motion words automatically orient attention to their typical location
• Interference effects due to sensorimotor representations (Barsalou, 2008; Pulvermüller, 2005)
• Object images do not automatically elicit perceptual simulations in mental imagery
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Implications
• Spatial representations elicit dual-coding effects in mental imagery (Paivio 1971, 1986, 2007)
• Developmental processes associated with children’s reading ability
• Long-term effects of perceptual simulation and mental imagery
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions
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Thanks for your attention!
Perceptual Simulation Spatial Cuing Experiment 1 Experiment 2 Conclusions