verbal ability for cat 2017

CAT 2017 Verbal Strategy

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Agenda

Reading Comprehension

Critical Reasoning

Parajumbles

CAT Mocks Strategy

CAT 2017 Bootcamp

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READING COMPREHENSION TOPICSReading Comprehension Topics

CAT RC Topics (Based on last 10 years )

Natural Sciences1. Earth’s core and mantle

2. Different spheres of earth

3. Tectonic Forces

4. Astrophysics

5. Astronomy/Cosmology

6. Coral reefs

7. Asteroids and Meteors

8. Oceanography

9. Blue whale

10. Galileo

11. Copernicus

12. Aristotle

13. Inca Civilization

14. Egyptian Civilization

15. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

16. Darwin’s Theory of Survival of the Fittest

17. River basins

18. Mountain Ranges

19. Migration of Birds and Animals (Flamingos)

20. Photosynthesis

21. Carbon Dating

22. Greenhouse effect

23. Global Warming

24. Carbon Credits

25. Water Pollution

26. Great Barrier Reef#IIMorNothing


Social Sciences- History1. Greek history, Latin history, Roman history

2. Indus Valley

3. Marx Theory of History

4. World War 2

5. Cleopatra (Egyptian Civilization)

6. Inca Valley

7. Olmec Civilization

8. Napoleon Bonaparte

9. USSR vs USA (Cold War)

10. Literature History

1. Korean War

2. Vietnam War

3. Cambodia War (Kampuchea)

4. Berlin Wall - Cold War

5. Capital / Communist

6. India vs China

7. History of Earth ( Galileo, Copernicus,

Aristotle)

8. Native American History (Red Indians)

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Social Sciences- Civics1. Private / Public Sector

2. Confucius vs Plato

3. Capitalism, Socialism, and Mixed Economy

4. Sumits (Davos - World Economic Forum)

5. UNO

6. UNESCO

Social Sciences- Geography1. Bermuda Triangle

2. Volcano / Tectonic / Earthquake

3. Glacier / Ice age / Ice berg

4. Meteorology (Weather)

5. Hydrology / Oceanology

6. Big Bang Theory

7. Dinosaurs

1. WHO

2. WTO

3. European Union (Brexit)

4. American Politics

5. BRICS Summit

6. SAARC

1. Pedology (Study of soil)

2. Northern Lights (Aurora Borealis)

3. Mariana Trench / Grand Canyon

4. Continental Drift Theory

5. Amazon jungle / rainforest

6. Arizona forests

7. Geomatics

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Reading Comprehension-Topics

Humanities1. Archaeology - Extremely Important

2. Performance arts

3. Dance (Transformation over period)

4. Theater (Transformation over period)

5. Languages and Civilization

6. Philosophy (Socrates / Aristotle)

7. Anthropology (Darwin / Evolution)

8. Ethical (Hispanic)

9. Ethics (Virtues and Vices)

10. Architecture (Gothic)

11. Buddhism

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TONES OF READING COMPREHENSIONREADING COMPREHENSION TOPICS

Reading Comprehension Tones

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Reading Comprehension-Tones• Acerbic / Caustic: “Gandi Baat Raat ko Neend Nahi Aani”

•Apologetic: To feel sorry for your deeds or someone else’s

Argumentative: For & Against

Critical:- NOT only Negative – Can be Positive

Skeptical/Cynical: Doubting / Not positive

Bantering: “Hasee Mazaak mein Taang kheechna”

Bickering: “Saas Bahu Types”

Euphemistic: Bad thing put forward in a nice way

Eu: Extreme Happiness

Eulogy: Something good written after death

Synonyms Acrimonious | Acrid | Pungent

•Humorous / Jocular / Jovial: Just Happy

Jovian: God of Jupiter

•Metaphorical: Comparing as Analogy

•Narrative: Telling a Story

Reflective: Story with your past instances “I”

•Parody: Spoof of something original

•Persuasive: Coax | Wheedle | cajole

Trying to Convince

•Satirical: To make fun

Sarcastic: Fun but will hurt

•Optimistic: Positive

•Pessimistic: Negative

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RULES OF READING COMPREHENSION

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Reading Comprehension-Rules

Rules of Solving Reading Comprehension:

1. Fake it till you make it2. Construction should be good3. Organic – Reading interestingly4. Inorganic – Shank Pushpi5. Kill the standard question:6. Tone of the RC7. Summary of the passage/Main idea/Title of the passage/Conclusion/Inference of

entire passage/Primary purpose of the passage.8. Read the questions first then read the RC.

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Reading Comprehension-Rules

How to get the Tone/Title/ Summary/Conclusion/Main idea of the passage:

Read the 1st paragraph and last paragraph

Main Idea should be consistent in all the paragraphs

Title should always be of minimum 3 or maximum 5 words.

Answer cannot be too general nor specific.

Avoid High sounding words.

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READING COMPREHENSION PASSAGES

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PASSAGE – 1

Scarce diamonds are more valuable than the cluster of smaller crystals known as bort or carbonado. These diamonds are large single crystals of genuine crystalline carbon.Diamonds are found in diamentiferous earth that is located in both open air pits and underground mines. To retrieve the diamonds, the earth is crushed and concentrated. The concentrated material is then sorted by passing it over streams of water on greased tables. Since diamonds are water repellent they will stick to the grease while the other minerals will absorb water and pass over the grease. The diamonds are then removed from the grease and cleaned, examined, sorted and graded. The best diamonds are noted for their cleavage, their translucence and their colour.All diamonds have a natural line of cleavage along which they may be split and it is essential to split them before they are cut and polished. Before they are cut and polished, they look like tiny blue grey stones; they do not twinkle or shine yet. A perfectly cut and polished diamond has 58 faces arranged regularly over its surface. It will be translucent and colourless,blue,white,green or yellow. The value of a jewel diamond depends largely on its colour or water as it is called professionally. A stone of the finest water is blue-white.

Q1. Which of the following most probably

was the subject of the paragraph

preceding the passage ?

a.A discussion of scarce diamonds

b.A discussion of bot and carbonado

c.A discussion of various colors of

diamonds

d.A discussion of means of mining

diamonds

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PASSAGE – 1


Q2. The relationship between the cleavage

and translucence of a diamond most

similar in relationship between the style of

a car and its:

a.Colour

b.Size

c.Price

d.Speed

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PASSAGE – 1


Q3. The word ‘genuine’ underlined

could best be replaced by which of

the following ?

a.Palpable

b.Spurious

c.Real

d.Accurate

PAGE NO138

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PASSAGE – 1


Q4. Which of the following

statements best describes the

organisation of this passage ?

a.Comparison and Contrast

b.Chronological Order

c.Statements and Illustration

d.Cause and Result

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PASSAGE – 4

Of the many aspects of public administration, the ethical aspect is perhaps the most important but least codified. While administrative rules and procedures have been codified in various public documents and manuals, there is no manual for the ethics of public servants.While organizational behaviour analyses the factors which influence the behaviour of individuals in an organization, ethics refers to those norms and standards which behaviour of the people in the organization must confirm to. While behaviour analysis deals with factual aspects, ethics relates to normative aspects of administration. The normative aspects are of the greatest significance. Just as for an individual if charter is lost, everything is lost, so also for an administrator if ethics is lost, everything is lost. Neither efficiency nor loyalty could be substitute for high ethical standards. In India though there is no ethical code for public

administrators, there are what are called, the Government Servants’ Conduct Rules. These rules lay down what constitutes misconduct for public servants. It is apparently implied that such misconduct, which is not permitted, is also unethical conduct.

Q1. As per the passage, the

organizational behavior is:

a.Same as ethics in organizations

b.Different from ethics in

organizations

c.Human behavior in organizations

including ethics

d.None of these

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PASSAGE – 4



Q2. Ethics is to an administration,

what character is for:

a.An administrator

b.An official

c.An individual

d.None of These

PAGE NO139

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PASSAGE – 4



Q3. Government Servants’ Conduct Rukes are

meant for:

a.Guiding the ethical conduct of government

servants

b.Guiding what constitutes misconduct for public

c.Guiding what constitutes misconduct for

government servants

d.None of these

PAGE NO139

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PASSAGE – 4



Q4. The underlined word manual in the context of

the given passage means

Hand operated

physical

Guide book

None of these

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Reading Comprehension-HumanitiesAs you set out for Ithaka hope the voyage is a long one, full of adventure, full of discovery. Laistrygonians and Cyclops, angry Poseidon—don’t be afraid of them: you’ll never find things like that on your way as long as you keep your thoughts raised high, as long as a rare excitement stirs your spirit and your body. Laistrygonians and Cyclops, wild Poseidon—you won’t encounter them unless you bring them along inside your soul, unless your soul sets them up in front of you. Hope the voyage is a long one. May there be many a summer morning when, with what pleasure, what joy, you come into harbours seen for the first time; may you stop at Phoenician trading stationsto buy fine things, mother of pearl and coral, amber and ebony,sensual perfume of every kind—as many sensual perfumes as you can;and may you visit many Egyptian cities to gather stores of knowledge from their scholars. Keep Ithaka always in your mind. Arriving there is what you are destined for. But do not hurry the journey at all.Better if it lasts for years, so you are old by the time you reach the island,wealthy with all you have gained on the way, not expecting Ithaka to make you rich. Ithaka gave you the marvellous journey. Without her you would not have set out. She has nothing left to give you now. And if you find her poor, Ithaka won’t have fooled you. Wise as you will have become, so full of experience,you will have understood by then what these Ithaka mean.

Q1. Which of the following best reflects the tone

of the poem?

Consoling

Pleading

Exhorting

Prescribing

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2. What does the poet mean by ‘Laistrygonians’ and ‘Cyclops’?

Problems that one has to face to derive the most from one’s journey

Intra-personal obstacles that hinder one’s journeyMythological characters that one should be afraid

ofCreatures which along with poseidon, one finds

during a journey

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3. In the poem, Ithaka is a symbol of

Life’s distant goalThe path to wisdomYour inner selfThe divine mother

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4. The poets recommends a long journey, which of the following is the most comprehensive reason for it?

You can gain knowledge as well as sensual experienceYou can visit new cities and harboursYou can experience the full range of sensualityYou can buy a variety of the things.

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Reading Comprehension-Humanities

As you set out for Ithaka hope the voyage is a long one, full of adventure, full of discovery. Laistrygonians and Cyclops, angry Poseidon—don’t be afraid of them: you’ll never find things like that on your way as long as you keep your thoughts raised high, as long as a rare excitement stirs your spirit and your body. Laistrygonians and Cyclops, wild Poseidon—you won’t encounter them unless you bring them along inside your soul, unless your soul sets them up in front of you. Hope the voyage is a long one. May there be many a summer morning when, with what pleasure, what joy, you come into harbours seen for the first time; may you stop at Phoenician trading stationsto buy fine things, mother of pearl and coral, amber and ebony,sensual perfume of every kind—as many sensual perfumes as you can;and may you visit many Egyptian cities to gather stores of knowledge from their scholars. Keep Ithaka always in your mind. Arriving there is what you are destined for. But do not hurry the journey at all.Better if it lasts for years, so you are old by the time you reach the island,wealthy with all you have gained on the way, not expecting Ithaka to make you rich. Ithaka gave you the marvellous journey. Without her you would not have set out. She has nothing left to give you now. And if you find her poor, Ithaka won’t have fooled you. Wise as you will have become, so full of experience,you will have understood by then what these Ithaka mean.

5. Which of the following best reflects the central theme of this poem?

If you don’t have high expectations, you will not be disappointedDon’t rush to your goals: the journey is what enriches youThe longer the journey the greater the experiences you gatherYou cannot reach Ithaka without visiting Egyptian Ports.

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CRITICAL REASONING

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Types of Critical reasoning Questions

1. Assumption Questions

2. Strengthen the Argument Questions

3. Weaken the Argument Questions

4. Inference Questions

5. Resolve/Explain Questions

6. Evaluate the Argument Questions

7. Identify the Reasoning Questions

8. Parallel the Reasoning Questions#IIMorNothing

Questions

Every time I wear my green suit, people like me. Therefore, it is my green suit that makes people like me

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Questions

Use of this product causes cancer in laboratory animals. Therefore, you should stop using this product.

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Questions

Four out of five doctors agree: The pain reliever in Sinutol is the most effective analgesic on the market today. You should try Sinutol.

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Questions

Many people believe that gold and platinum are the most valuable commodities. To the true entrepreneur, however, gold and platinum are less valuable than opportunities that can enable him to further enrich himself. Therefore, in the world of high finance, information is the most valuable commodity. The author of the passage above makes which of the following assumptions?

a.Gold and platinum are not the most valuable commodities. b.Entrepreneurs are not like most people. c.The value of information is incalculably high. d.Information about business opportunities is accurate and will lead to increased wealth.

e.Only entrepreneurs feel that information is the most valuable commodity

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Questions

It has recently been proposed that we adopt an all-volunteer army. This policy was tried on a limited basis several years ago and was a miserable failure. The level of education of the volunteers was unacceptably low, while levels of drug use and crime soared among army personnel. Can we trust our national defense to a volunteer army? The answer is clearly “No.”

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Q.Which of the following statements, if true, most strengthens the author’s claim that an all-volunteer army should not be implemented?

a. The general level of education has risen since the first time an all-volunteer army was tried.

b. The proposal was made by an organization called Citizens for Peace.

c. The first attempt to create a volunteer army was carried out according to the same plan now under proposal and under the same conditions as those that exist today.

d. A volunteer army would be less expensive than an army that relies on the draft.

e. The size of the army needed today is smaller than that needed when a volunteer army was first tried

Questions

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Questions

The recent turnaround of the LEX Corporation is a splendid example of how an astute chief executive officer can rechannel a company’s assets toward profitability. With the new CEO at the helm, LEX has gone, in only three business quarters, from a 10 million dollar operating loss to a 22 million dollar operating gain.

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Q. A major flaw in the reasoning of the passage above is that

a. the passage assumes that the new CEO was the only factor that affected the corporation’s recent success

b. the recent success of the corporation may be only temporary

c. the chief executive officer may be drawing a salary and bonus that will set a damaging precedent for this and other corporations

d. the author does not define “profitability”

e. rechanneling assets is only a short-term solution

Questions

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Questions

A telephone poll conducted over two states asked respondents whether their homes were ever cold during the winter months. 99% of respondents said they were never cold during the winter months. The pollsters published their findings, concluding that 99% of all homes in the United States have adequate heating. Which of the following most accurately describes what might be a questionable technique employed by the pollsters in drawing their conclusion?

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Q. Which of the following most accurately describes what might be a questionable technique employed by the pollsters in drawing their conclusion?

a. The poll wrongly ascribes the underlying causes of the problem.

b. The poll assumes conditions in the two states are representative of the entire country.

c. The pollsters conducted the poll by telephone, thus relying on the veracity of the subjects they spoke to.

d. The pollsters did not go to the houses in person, thus precluding the actual measurement of temperatures in the subjects’ homes.

e. The pollsters never defined the term “cold” in terms of a specific temperature.

Questions

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Questions

In film and videotape, it is possible to induce viewers to project their feelings onto characters on the screen. In one study, when a camera shot of a woman’s face was preceded by a shot of a baby in a crib, the audience thought the woman’s face was registering happiness.

When the same shot of the woman’s face was preceded by a shot of a lion running toward the camera, the audience thought the woman’s face was registering fear. Television news teams must be careful to avoid such manipulation of their viewers.

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Q. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

a. Television news teams have abused their position of trust in the past.

b. The expression on the woman’s face was, in actuality, blank.

c. A camera shot of a baby in a crib provoked feelings of happiness in the audience.

d. Audiences should strive to be less gullible.

e. The technique for manipulating audiences described in the passage would work with film or videotape.

Questions

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Questions

Fewer elected officials are supporting environmental legislation this year than at any time in the last decade. In a study of 30 elected officials, only five were actively campaigning for new environmental legislation. This comes at a time when the public’s concern for the environment is growing by leaps and bounds.

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Q. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the passage above?

a. More elected officials are needed to support environmental legislation.

b. Elected officials have lost touch with the concerns of the public.

c. The five elected officials who actively campaigned for new environmental legislation should be congratulated.

d. If the environment is to be saved, elected officials must support environmental legislation.

e. If elected officials are truly to represent their constituents, many of them must increase their support of environmental legislation

Questions

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Questions

In 1994, TipTop Airlines reported an increase in the total number of passengers it carried from the year before, but a decrease in total revenues—even though prices for its tickets on all routes remained unchanged during the two-year period. Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent paradox described above?

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Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent paradox described above?

a. TipTop Airlines was a victim of a mild recession in 1994.

b. Total passenger miles were up in 1994.

c. Fuel costs remained constant during the two-year period.

d. Passengers traveled shorter (and thus less expensive) distances in 1994.

e. TipTop did not buy any new airplanes or equipment in 1994.

Questions

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Questions

Following a period of lingering malaise after a recent remarkable economic upturn in the solar-powered energy sector, Company X, a major maker of solar-powered generators, claimed that its rapid upturn resulted from the inventory still on hand in its warehouse. Which of the following, if it could be carried out, would be most useful in evaluating the company’s hypothesis as to the causes of its rapid economic upturn?

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Which of the following, if it could be carried out, would be most useful in evaluating the company’s hypothesis as to the causes of its rapid economic upturn?

a. Comparing the length of the economic downturn experienced by Company X to the length of the upturn later experienced by Company X

b. Comparing the rapidity of the economic upturn for Company X to that of other major makers of solar-powered generators, which did not have inventory on hand

c. Calculating the average sales increases within the individual business units of Company X

d. Comparing the total number of solar-powered generator sales by Company X just before the economic upturn to the total number of solar-powered generator sales by Company X just after the economic upturn

e. Using economic theory to predict the most likely date of the next economic upturn for Company X

Questions

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Questions

Although measuring the productivity of outside consultants is a complex endeavor, Company K, which relies heavily on consultants for long-term projects, must find ways to assess the performance of these workers. The risks to a company that does not review the productivity of its human resources are simply too great.

Last year, Company L was forced into receivership after its productivity declined for the third straight quarter. The bolded phrases play which of the following roles in the argument above?

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The bolded phrases play which of the following roles in the argument above?

a. The first phrase states the author’s conclusion, and the second phrase refutes that conclusion.

b. The first phrase states an assumption of the argument, and the second phrase provides evidence to undermine that position.

c. The first phrase states one of the author’s premises, and the second phrase provides the argument’s conclusion.

d. The first phrase states a position, and the second phrase refutes that position.

e. The first phrase states the conclusion, and the second phrase supports the conclusion with an analogy.

Questions

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Questions

World-class marathon runners do not run more than six miles per day when they are training. Therefore, if you run more than six miles per day, you are not worldclass. Which of the following statements supports its conclusion in the same manner as the argument above?

Sprinters always run in the morning. If it is morning, and you see someone running, it will not be a sprinter. Paint never dries in less than three hours. If it dries in less than three hours, it is not paint. Little League games are more fun for the parents than for the children who actually play. Therefore, the parents should be made to play. If a car starts in the morning, chances are it will start again that evening. Our car always starts in the morning, and it always starts in the evening as well. If you sleep less than four hours per night, you may be doing yourself a disservice. Studies have shown that the most valuable sleep occurs in the fifth hour.

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Practice Questions

Jennifer: Video rental outlets in Centerville together handled 10,000 fewer video rentals in 1994 than in 1993. The decline in rentals was probably due almost entirely to the February 1994 opening of Videorama, the first and only video rental outlet in the area that, in addition to renting videos, also sold them cheaply.

Brad: There must be another explanation: as you yourself said, the decline was on the order of 10,000 rentals. Yet Videorama sold only 4,000 videos in 1994.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the force of the objection that Brad presents to Jennifer's explanation?

A.In 1994 Videorama rented out more videos than it sold.

B.In 1994 two new outlets that rent but that do not sell videos opened in Centerville.

C.Most of the video rental outlets in Centerville rent videos at a discount on certain nights of the week.

D.People often buy videos of movies that they have previously seen in a theater.

E.People who own videos frequently loan them to their friends. #IIMorNothing

Practice Questions

A major impediment to wide acceptance of electric vehicles even on the part of people who use their cars almost exclusively for commuting is the inability to use their electric vehicles for occasional extended trips. In an attempt to make purchasing electric vehicles more attractive to commuters, one electric vehicle producer is planning to offer customers three days free rental of a conventional car for every 1,000 miles that they drive their electric vehicle.

Which of the following, if true, most threatens the plan's prospects for success?

A.Many electric vehicles that are used for commercial purposes are not needed for extended trips. B.Because a majority of commuters drive at least 100 miles per week, the cost of the producer of making good the offer would add considerably to the already high price of electric vehicles.

C.The relatively long time it takes to recharge the battery of an electric vehicle can easily be fitted into the regular patterns of car use characteristic of commuters.

D.Although electric vehicles are essentially emission- free in actual use, generating the electricity necessary for charging an electric vehicle's battery can burden the environment.

E.Some family vehicles are used primarily not for commuting but for making short local trips, such as to do errands. #IIMorNothing

Practice Questions

Until now only injectable vaccines against influenza have been available. They have been primarily used by older adults who are at risk for complications from influenza. A new vaccine administered in a nasal spray form has proven effective in preventing influenza in children. Since children are significantly more likely than adults to contract and spread influenza, making the new vaccine widely available for children will greatly reduce the spread of influenza across the population.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A.If a person receives both the nasal spray and the injectable vaccine, they do not interfere with each

other.

B.The new vaccine uses the same mechanism to ward off influenza as injectable vaccines do.

C.Government subsidies have kept the injectable vaccines affordable for adults.

D.Of the older adults who contract influenza, relatively few contract it from children with influenza.

E.Many parents would be more inclined to have their children vaccinated against influenza if it did not

involve an injection. #IIMorNothing

Practice QuestionsIt is theoretically possible that bacteria developed on Mars early in its history and that some were carried to Earth by a meteorite. However, strains of bacteria from different planets would probably have substantial differences in protein structure that would persist over time, and no two bacterial strains on Earth are different enough to have arisen on different planets. So, even if bacteria did arrive on Earth from Mars, they must have died out.

The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms?

A.It fails to establish whether bacteria actually developed on Mars.

B.It fails to establish how likely it is that Martian bacteria were transported to Earth.

C.It fails to consider whether there were means other than meteorites by which Martian bacteria could

have been carried to Earth.

D.It fails to consider whether all bacteria now on Earth could have arisen from transported Martian

bacteria.

E.It fails to consider whether there could have been strains of bacteria that originated on Earth and later

died out. #IIMorNothing

Practice Questions

Kate: The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.

Scott: The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler's favorite prey in North America, has been dropping. This is a more likely explanation of the warbler's decline.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott's hypothesis into question?

A.The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that does not eat budworms but is as dependent on South

America coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.

B.The spruce budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee

warblers.

C.The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to only be temporary.

D.Many Tennessee warblers have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.

E.Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a

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Practice Questions

Traces of cultivated emmer wheat have been found among the earliest agricultural remains of many archaeological sites in Europe and Asia. The only place where the wild form of emmer wheat has been found growing is a relatively narrow strip of southwest Asia. Since the oldest remains of cultivated emmer wheat yet found are from village sites in the same narrow strip, it is clear that emmer wheat was first domesticated somewhere in that strip.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A.The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the

development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia.

B.Modern experiments show that wild emmer wheat can easily be domesticated so as to yield nearly as well as

traditionally domestic strains.

C.At the time when emmer wheat was first cultivated, it was the most nutritious of all the varieties of grain that

were then cultivated.

D.In the region containing the strip where wild emmer wheat has been found, climatic conditions have changed very

little since before the development of agriculture.

E.It is very difficult, without genetic testing, to differentiate the wild form of emmer wheat from a closely related

wild wheat that also grows in southwest Asia. #IIMorNothing

PARAJUMBLES

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Example 1

Ex. 1) P : by her indulgent parents

Q : the child was so spoiled

R : when she did not receive all of their attention

S : that she pouted and became sullen

Options:

a) RQPS b) QRPS c) QPSR d) QSPR

In this question, a single sentence has been broken into four different parts and the student has to find out the logical sequence of the sentence.

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Answer

Strategy 1:- Decide on the opening phrase, first. The opening part of the sentence will usually contain the subject of the sentence. To locate the subject and select that part as the first in sequence. Now, select all options in the answer that begin with part you have chosen as the first.

• In Example 1, the subject is the child and the opening part will be Q, thus, we can eliminate option (a). Now, since the subject is passive, the verb form will be followed by ‘by’ and the doer. So, find the second part beginning from by and containing the doer of the action which in this case is P. Thus, we can reach the right answer, option (c).

Strategy 2:- If the Subject is passive, mostly, the following part will begin with by and contain the doer of the action in the sentence.

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The subject of the sentence is women so the opening part would be S. Thus, we have to choose between options (b) and (c).

The subject in this sentence is active. So, we must find the object which will be the next part. In the given question, the object is unsurpassed power. Thus, the answer is (c).

Unsurpassed power (P)/modern society (Q)/in (R)/ women enjoy (S)

a) RQPS b) SRPQ c) SPRQ d) PSRQ

Strategy 3:- When the subject is active, follow the sequence SUBJECT-VERB-OBJECT

Example 2

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Now, in the given questions there will appear two subjects ‘shaw’ in (R) and ‘he’ in (Q). But he is a pronoun, used to replace the noun, Shaw and thus, will follow the noun in the sentence.

P: and was at once convinced Q: he sent a few copies of the book to well known poetry R: Shaw read the first few lines of the volume S: and awaited their reactionT: that would he was reading was real poetrya) RPTQS b) QSTPR c) RSPQT d) QPRST

Strategy 4:- Preposition is never the last part. If a preposition is given as one of the parts match it with other part to find out what will follow the preposition.

Example 3

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Strategy 5:- If there are noun and pronoun as subjects in the different parts of a sentence, the part of a sentence, the part with the noun will be the opening part. Thus in example 3, the opening part is (R), so we have to choose from Option (a) & (c).

Now, we have to figure out the last part of the sentence. Clearly, the given sentence consists of two parts, one with the subject Shaw and other with the subject ‘he’. The part with the subject ‘he’ will be the last part of the sentence. Thus, the last past of example 3 will be (s). The correct answer is (a).

Strategy 6:- Predicate is the last part of the sentence.

Example 4

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Practice Question 1

P : In emission testing, the govt. fixes the total amount of pollution that is acceptable to mountain a desired level of air quality.

Q : Economist argue the approach makes air pollution control more cost effective than the current practice of fixing air pollution standards and expecting all companies to pollute below these standards.

R : USA uses emission trading to control air pollution.

S : It, then, distributes emission permits to all companies in the region which add up to the overall acceptable level of emission.

a) RSQP b) PRQS c) QPSR d) RQPS

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Answer

• Strategy 1- Find the opening sentence or concluding sentence.

• In Example 4 (R) is the probable opening statement, so we have to choose between (a) & (b)

• Strategy 2- Sentence with demonstrative pronouns or words like this, that, these or then, moreover, therefore, meanwhile are not opening sentences.

• In example, 4 we see, Q follows R and S follow P. If (R) is the first statement then Q

cannot be the last. Therefore, S is the concluding statement, so the right answer is (d)

Practice Question 2

P: In his first inaugural address he concluded with an eloquent plea : “ask not what your country can do you – ask what you can do for your country”

Q: John F Kennedy, Democratic leader in the elections of 1960 was at 43, the youngest man ever to win the presidency

R: On television, in a series of debates with opponent Richard Nixon, he appeared able, articulate and energetic.

S:In the campaign, he spoke of moving aggressively into the new decade, for “the new Frontier is here whether we seek it or not”

a) SPQR b) QRSP c) RPQS d) QPRS

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Answer

• Strategy 1 - Now, Q will be the opening sentence since all other contain a pronoun and Q contains a noun subject so, we have to choose between (b) & (d)

• In (b) R follows Q and in (d) P follows Q but P appears to be a concluding sentence hence, (b) is the right answer.

Practice Question 3

• P: Even more complex life can adapt to hostile places.

• Q: We know that a functioning ecosystem does not require sunlight or photosynthesis.

• R: When scientist in the deep sea submarine went tooling around the mid-ocean ridges, they found hot vents covered with shrumps and countless tube worms.

• Q: In the early 1990s, researches found that the basaltic rock deep beneath Washington state contains an abundance of microbes totally cut off from the photosynthetic world.

a) QSPR b) PRSQ c) QRPS d) PQSR

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Answer

• It is clear that (R) is an example of idea expressed in (P) and (S) is an example of an idea expressed in (Q), so, R will follow (P) and (S) will follow (Q). Thus, sequence is only part (a). Thus, it is the right answer.(a)

Practice Question 4

P: Michal Hofman, a poet and translator, accept this very fact without approval.

Q: But thanklessness and impossibility do not daunt him.

R: He acknowledge too infact, he returns to the point often the best translators of poetry always fail at some level.

Q: Hofman feels passionately about his work and this is clear from his writing.

T: In terms of gap between worth and rewards, translators come somewhere near nurses & objects.

a) TPRSQ b) TPRQS c) PSTQR d) SRTPQ

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Answer

• T is the introductory statement of the paragraph so, we have a choice between (a) and (b).

• The rest of the pattern is same in both the concluding sentence since, it begins with a conjunction ‘but’ which follows the previous statement R.

• There is no possibility of the conjunction ‘but’ after (S) and hence, (S) will be the concluding statement.

• Thus, the right answer is (b).

Practice Question 5

P: In a number of cases, the drivers have refused to carry passengers according to the meter reading despite its begin in working condition.

Q: For instance, according to a complaint, the driver of an auto rickshaw not only misbehaved but also ran away with Rs. 500 from Dhaula Kuan on Dec. 13

R: Refusal to carry commuters to their respective destination is another common complaint which has been lodge with call centres.

S: What have been the most shocking are the luggage of the passenger on the Karol-Bagh-Pachim Vihar route.

a) SPRQT b) SRQPT c) PRSQT d) PQRST

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Answer

• Following the strategy 3, Q is an example for (S) and thus, will follow it, (T) is also another example for S and thus, will follow Q. So, the sequence SQT should appear in the paragraph.

• Also examples are usually towards the end and not in the beginning.

• Thus, sequence is given only in option (C).

• Thus (C) is the right answer.

Practice Question 6

1) The list of horror goes on

A: And one in every five is malnourished.

B: This is because local clinics, ill equipped to deal with even small things, ethics don’t work or simply don’t exist.

C: Nobody has been able to figure out a way to reduce the speed that is at the root of India’s over-population problems : a body born every second.

D: There is such a shortage of treatment centres that primer hospitals are chocked with patients who show up to treat coughs and cold.

2) Kalyan Banerjee, a consultant at the hospital is worried

a) DACB b) CDAB c) DBAC d) CADB

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Answer

Strategy 4 :- For a six sentence question try to find out a link between the first given sentence and any of the four jumbled sentence, that could follow it.

• In the above question A and B can’t follow (1) because they begin with conjunction while (1) ended without a possibility of a conjunction (C) appear to be the logical sentence following (1).

• (A) follows (C) and (B) follows (D).

• Thus, the sequence will be 1CABD2. Option (d)

Practice Question 71) As an economy expands, so does the need for cash or fuel growth.A: An important one is a rule insisting that any purchase of share amounting to 20% or more of the listed stock of a company has to be announced before the purchase goes ahead.B: It also has computerised trading and a whole host of new regulations.C: Today the exchange has an impressive new home or the city’s major business artery.D: Pushed by the govt. deregulations, the Jakarata stock exchange is beginning to come of age after emerging from dormancy only 8yrs ago. 2) Thus, new ruling plus many other improvements to protect investors have helped boost confidence in the market.

a) DCBA b) ABCD c) CDAB d) DCAB

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Practice Question 8

A.By intelligence people mean a style of life, a way of behaving in various

situations, and particularly in new, strange and perplexing situations.

B.When people talk about intelligence, they do not mean the ability to get a

good score on a certain kind of test, or even the ability to do well at school.

C.The true test of intelligence is not how to do, but how people behave when

we don’t know what to do.

D.These are at best only indicators of something large, deeper and far more

important.

a) BDAC b) CDBA c) ABCD d) CABD #IIMorNothing

Practice Question 9

A. Where there is division there must be conflict, not only division between male and

female, but also division on the basis of race, religion and language.

B. We said the present condition of racial divisions, linguistic divisions has brought out

so many wars.

C. Also we went into the question as to why do these conflicts between male and

female exist.

D. May we continue with what we were discussing last evening?

a) ABCD b) DBCA c) BCAD d) BDAC

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Practice Question 10

1. Currency movements can have a dramatic impact on equity returns for foreign

investors.

A. This is not surprising as many developing economies try to peg their exchange rates

to the US dollar or to a basket of currencies.

B. Many developing economies manage to keep exchange rate volatility lower than

that in the industrial economies.

C. India has also gone in for the full float on the current account and abolished the

managed exchange rate.

D. Dramatic exceptions are Africa, Brazil and Korea.

6. Another emerging market specific risk is liquidity risk.

a) ADBC b) CDAB c) BDAC d) CABD#IIMorNothing

Practice Question 11

1. All humans are aware of the existence of a power greater than that of the mortals — the

name given to such a power by individuals is an outcome of birth, education and choice.

A. This power provides an anchor in times of adversity, difficulty and trouble.

B. Industrial organisations also contribute to the veneration of this power by participating in

activities such as religious ceremonies and festivities organised by the employees.

C. Their other philanthropic contributions include the construction and maintenance of

religious places such as temples etc

D. Logically, therefore, such a power should be remembered in good times also.

6. The top management/managers should participate in all such events, irrespective of their

personal choice.

TITA: ____#IIMorNothing

Practice Question 121. Management Committee needs to differentiate among those who commit an error once,

those who are repetitively errant but can be corrected, and those who are basically wicked.

A. The persons in this category will resort to sweet-talk and make all sorts of promises on being

caught, but, at the first opportunity will revert to their bad ways.

B. Managers must take ruthless action against the basically wicked and ensure their separation

from the organization at the earliest.

C. The first category needs to be corrected softly and duly counselled; the second category

should be dealt with firmly and duly counselled till they realize the danger of persisting with

their errant behaviour.

D. It is the last category of whom the managers must be most wary.

6. The punishment must be fair and based on the philosophy of giving all the possible

opportunities and help prior to taking ruthless action.

TITA: ____ #IIMorNothing

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G-Strategy

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Mock Analysis Strategy

Topic Strong (5/5) Medium (3/5) Weak (1/5)Verbal Ability and Reading Comprehension


Synonyms/Antonyms

Parajumbles

Sentence Correction

Fill in the Blanks

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