verb notebook
DESCRIPTION
Verb Notebook. Advanced Spanish. Verbs. tocar Aprender Tener Querer comenzar dormir poder poner Salir hacer. traer Venir Saber conocer lavarse acostarse divertirse andar decir pedir. seguir oír. Hablar Comer Vivir Ser Estar Ir Dar Ver leer Pagar. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Verb Notebook
Advanced Spanish
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Verbs 1. Hablar2. Comer3. Vivir4. Ser5. Estar6. Ir7. Dar8. Ver9. leer10.Pagar
11.tocar12.Aprender13.Tener14.Querer15.comenzar16.dormir17.poder18.poner19.Salir20.hacer
21.traer22.Venir23.Saber24.conocer25.lavarse26.acostarse27.divertirse28.andar29.decir30.pedir
31.seguir32.oír
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Preterite tense verbs
Explanation and conjugations
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Preterite Tense Notes2. Preterite tense• The preterite is used for a past action that is completed. Treat
the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED.
How to form regular verbs:
1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir)2: add the appropriate present tense endings to match the subject.-ar verb endings -er /-ir endings
é
aste
ó
amos
aron
asteis
í
iste
ió
imos
isteis
ieron
Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterite and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos. Context gives us the clues to know which tense is being used.
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Continuation of notesWhen to use it• Generally speaking, the preterite is used
for actions in the past that are seen as completed. Use of the preterite tense implies that the past action had a definite beginning and definite end.– Juan habló de la una hasta las dos.
Juan spoke from one until two o'clock.(clearly stated beginning and end)
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Continuation of notes• It is important to realize that the
beginning and the end may not always be clearly stated.– Juan habló dos horas.
Juan spoke for two hours.(implied beginning and end)
– Juan habló con la estudiante.Juan spoke with the student.(implied beginning and end)
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Continuation of notes• The preterite is used for actions that can be
viewed as single events. – Ella caminó por el parque.
She walked through the park.– Ellos llegaron a las ocho.
They arrived at eight o'clock.• The preterite is used for actions that were
repeated a specific number of times, or occurred during a specific period of time.– Ayer escribí tres cartas.
Yesterday I wrote three letters.– Vivimos allí por cuatro años.
We lived there for four years
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Continuation of notes• The preterite is used for actions that were
part of a chain of events.– Ella se levantó, se vistió, y salió de la casa.
She got up, dressed, and left the house.
• The preterite is used to state the beginning or the end of an action.– Empezó a nevar a las ocho de la mañana.
It began to snow at eight in the morning.
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Continuation of notesStem changers in the preterite• -ar and -er verbs that change their stem in
the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs.
• -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but in a different way. They change e:i and o:u in the third person, singular and plural.(Skateboard or burrito verbs)
2
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Continuation of notesOrthographic (spelling) changes• In order to preserve the sound of the
infinitive, a number of verbs change orthographically (spelling) in the preterite tense.
• Pirate verbs: The following changes occur in the "yo" form only:– Verbs that end in -gar change g to gué
Verbs that end in -car change c to quéVerbs that end in -zar change z to cé
– See these verbs for examples: pagar, tocar, comenzar
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Continuation of notes• For verbs that end in -aer, -eer, -oír, and -
oer, the él/ella/usted forms use the ending "yó" (rather than ió) and the third person plural uses the ending "yeron" (rather than ieron). The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter "i.“
• See these verbs: creer, leer, oír
Exception to this rule: traer
Creer – to believecreícreístecreyócreímoscreísteiscreyeron
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Continuation of notesAlternate endings-JUI verbs• A number of verbs that are irregular in the
preterite follow a particular pattern. While their stems change, they all take the following endings:
• -e-iste-o-imos-isteis-ieron
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Continuation of notes
Infinitive Stem Change
andar anduv-
estar estuv-
tener tuv-
caber cup-
haber hub-
poder pud-
poner pus-
saber sup-
hacer hic-
querer quis-
venir vin-
Here are the verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes:
Note: The one exception is the third person singular of hacer. the c changes to z to form "hizo."
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Continuation of notesChanges in meaning• Some verbs actually change meaning,
When they are used in the preterite.• Conocer met• Querer tried • no querer refused • Saber found out • Poder succeeded in • Tener received
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Preterite Tense Conjugations
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1
1.To talk, to speakHablar
HabloHablasHabla
Hablamos
HablanHabláis
2. habléhablastehabló
hablamos
hablasteis
hablaron
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2
1.To eatcomer
Comocomescome
comemoscoméiscomen
2. comícomiste
comió
comimoscomisteis
comieron
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3
1.To livevivir
vivovivesvive
vivimosvivísviven
2. vivíviviste
vivió
vivimosvivisteis
vivieron
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4
1.To beser
soyeres
es
somos
son
sois
2.fuisteis
fueron
fuimos
fue
fuistefui
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5
1.To beEstar
EstoyEstásEstá Están
EstamosEstáis
2. estuveestuviste
estuvo
estuvisteisestuvimos
estuvieron
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6
1.To goir
voyvasva
vamosvaisvan
2. fuifuiste
fue
fuimosfuisteis
fueron
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7
1.
To give, to throw(a party)dardoydasda
damos
dandais
2. dídiste
dio
disteisdimos
dieron
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8
1.To seever
veovesve
vemos
venvéis
2. viviste
vio
visteis
vieron
vimos
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9
1.To readleer
leoleeslee
leemosleéisleen
2. leíleíste
leyó
leísteis
leyeron
leímos
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10
1.To paypagar
pagopagaspaga
pagamos
paganpagáis
2. paguépagaste
pagó
pagasteis
pagaron
pagamos
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11
1.To touch, to play (an
instrument)tocar
tocotocastoca
tocamos
tocantocáis
2. toquétocaste
tocó
tocasteis
tocaron
tocamos
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12
1.To learnaprender
aprendoaprendesaprende
aprendemos
aprendenaprendéis
2. aprendíaprendiste
aprendió
aprendisteis
aprendieron
aprendimos
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13
1.To havetener
tengotienestiene tienen
tenemostenéis
2. tuvetuviste
tuvo
tuvisteis
tuvieron
tuvimos
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14
1.
To want, to wish,To love
quererquieroquieres
quiere quieren
queremosqueréis
2. quisequisiste
quiso
quisisteis
quisieron
quisimos
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15
1.To begincomenzar
comienzocomienzascomienza comienzan
comenzamoscomenzáis
2. comencécomenzaste
comenzó
comenzasteis
comenzaron
comenzamos
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16
1.To sleepdormir
duermoduermesduerme duermen
dormimosdormís
2. dormídormiste
durmío
dormisteis
durmieron
dormimos
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17
1.
To be able to, canpoderpodemosPodéis
puedopuedespuede pueden
2. pudepudiste
pudo
pudisteis
pudieron
pudimos
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18
1.To put, to
placeponer
pongoponespone
ponemosponéisponen
2. pusepusiste
puso
pusisteis
pusieron
pusimos
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19
1.
To leave, to go out
salirsalgosalessale
salimossalíssalen
2. salísaliste
salió
salisteis
salieron
salimos
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20
1.To do, to makehacer
hagohaceshace
hacemoshacéishacen
2. hicehiciste
hizo
hicisteis
hicieron
hicimos
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21
1.To bringtraer
traigotraestrae
traemostraéistraen
2. trajetrajiste
trajo
trajisteis
trajeron
trajimos
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22
1.To comeVenir
VengoVienesviene
VenimosVenísvienen
2. vineviniste
vinó
vininsteis
vinieron
vinimos
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23
1.To knowsaber
sésabessabe
sabemossabéissaben
2. supesupiste
supo
supisteis
supieron
supimos
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24
1.To know, to be familiar withconocer
conozcoconocesconoce
conocemosconocéisconocen
2. conocíconociste
conoció
conocisteis
conocieron
conocimos
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25
1.To wash one’s selfLavarse
Me lavoTe lavasSe lava
Nos lavamosOs laváisSe lavan
2. me lavéte lavaste
se lavó
os lavasteis
se lavaron
nos lavamos
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26
1.To go to bedacostarse
Me acuestoTe acuestasSe acuesta
Nos acostamosOs acostáisSe acuestan
2. me acostéte acostaste
se acostó
os acostasteis
se acostaron
nos acostamos
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27
1.
To enjoy one’s self,To have a good timedivertirse
me diviertote diviertes
se divierte
nos divertimosos divertís
se divierten
2. me divertí
te divertistese divirtió
os divertisteis
se divirtieron
nos divertimos
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28
1.To walk
andan
andoandasanda
andamosandar
andáis
2. anduveanduviste
anduvo
anduvisteis
anduvieron
anduvimos
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29
1.To say, to telldecir
digodices
dice
decimosdecís
dicen
2. dijedijiste
dijo
dijisteis
dijeron
dijimos
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30
1.
To ask for, to requestpedirpidopides
pide
pedimospedís
piden
2. pedípediste
pidió
pedisteis
pidieron
pedimos
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31
1.
To follow, to continueseguirsigosigues
sigue
seguimosseguís
siguen
2. seguíseguiste
siguió
seguisteis
siguieron
seguimos
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32
1.To hearoír
oigooyes
oye
oímosoís
oyen
2. oíoíste
oyó
oísteis
oyeron
oímos
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