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progressive/continuous aspect. Perfect- finished/not

Used to talk about....

Present simple -Base form

-do/does fornegatives/intereogatives

-Habit(usually../job..)

-fact(live/boils)-Schedule (leave)

Past simple -Base +ed(or other if irreg)

-did for neg/qs +base form

-Completed act(s/l)fell/grew up

Future forms -will + base (ll form usually)

-(be)+ going to+ infinitive

-Fut predict(win)

-Give fut fact(will be ...)

-Spontaneous deci(will call u)

-Plans(were going to)

Present continuous aux(be)+ing(presp)of main

verb

- happening at/near= temp (x is living here until)

-plans(am meeting)

-describe change(is getting)

Past cont -was/were+ing form of main -Happening around a point of t(at 9)-Background to other event(..when I saw x)

Future cont Will +be+ing - happening at fut t(at 9)

-Plans(landing at 9)

-present pred ( hell be doing y i think)

Present perfect

simple

Have/has+past part

X has written(past meaning)

-past indef t (have u ever read x)

- started in past cont into present(worked here 3)

- just completed(ive just done x)

Past perfect simple Had+past part -Which of 2 past happened 1st

(..when x came)

Future perfect

simple

Will+have+past part - how long x been in progress in future(by x ill

have lived for)- x finished before point in fut (finished x by 8)

- by now for presnt pred(will have finished by

now)

Present perfect

continuous

Have/has+been+ing -x started in past cont to present(watching for..

-Recently completed,esp if evid of action(raining)

Past perfect

continuous

Had+been+ing -How long x happened b4 another past event

(had been following x b4 arrested him)

Future perfect

continuous

Will+have+been+ing - how long x in prog up to fut t(..10 years come)

0

condition

al

If clause and result clause inc present Things think are always true

1st

con If inc present/result inc

will+infinitive,oranother futureform)other

modal can comeinstead of will

Things likely to happen

2nd

If inc past simple/result inc would+infinitive Unlikely/imaginery(past here

not t wise,but

hypotheticalness)3rd If inc past simple/result inc Speculate how x might have

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would+have+pastpart benn diff if circum different

not always correspondence. And he walks up to them and says-present simp for past.

grammar has no respect for semantics

Continous vs simple=aspects

Beside normal form with markers=fut simple- will + going to/ see present simple and

cont/future perfect simple and continuos.

Shall can also be used as fut indicator(british only)usually not in coursebooks

Remember will=modal aux