vehicle tracking by gps gsm

Vehicle Tracking by GPS - GSM

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Introduction

Vehicle tracking by GPS -

Vehicle Tracking System (VTS) is the technology used to determine the exact location of any vehicle using different methods like GPS and other radio navigation systems operating through satellites and ground based stations. This device is used to determine the precise location of a vehicle, and intimate the position to the concerned authority through an SMS.

This system is an important tool for tracking each vehicle at a given period of time and now it is becoming increasingly popular for people having expensive cars and hence as a theft prevention and retrieval device.

Vehicle Tracking by GPS – GSM

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Block Diagram

Vehicle tracking by GPS – GSM







Hardware Components

• Microcontroller unit (AT89C52)

• Max232

• GSM module

• Resistors

• Capacitors

• Voltage Regulator

• DB9 connector

• GPS

• LCD display







Software Components

• Keil compiler

• Language: Embedded C







Circuit Diagram







Microcontroller (AT89C52)

TRAT89C52 is an 8-bit microcontroller and belongs to Atmel's 8051 family.

It has 8KB of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM).

It has an endurance of 1000 Write/Erase cycles.







Features of AT89C52

Compatibility with the MCS 51 family.

8-bit CPU frequency up to 33MHz.

RAM: 256 Bytes.

Flash memory: 8K Bytes.

3 timers / counters of 16 bits.

Two data pointers.

1 serial port (full duplex UART)







Max232 Max232 is designed by Maxim

Integrated Products.

It is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that typically used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, RTS signals.

It has two receivers that convert from RS-232 to TTL voltage levels

And two drivers that convert from TTL logic to RS-232 voltage levels.







GSM

GSM is Global System for Mobile Communication.

It is one of the leading digital cellular system.

GSM is a standard set developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).

GSM modem is used for transmitting and receiving the data.







GSM

SIM 300 is a tri- band GSM/GPRS engine.

It works on various frequencies i.e. EGSM 900MHz, DCS 1800MHz and PCS 1900MHz.

GSM Modules can be communicated to PIC-Microcontroller using normal serial USART protocol.







Resistors

Resistor limits the electrical current that flows through a circuit.

Resistance is the restriction of current.

The energy of the electrons that pass through the resistor are changed to heat and/or light.

These are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels and to divide voltages.







Capacitors Capacitor is a electrical component that

stores electrical energy in an electric field.

Most capacitors contain at least two electrical conductors in the form of metallic separated by a dielectric medium.

Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.







Voltage Regulator

Voltage regulator is designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level.

It may be a simple "feed-forward" design or may include negative feedback control loops.

Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC or DC voltages.







Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS is a satellite navigation system that furnishes location and time information in all climatic conditions to the user.

It is used for navigation in planes, ships, cars and trucks also.

The system gives critical abilities to military and civilian users around the globe.

GPS module with 9600 baud rate is used to receive the data from the satellites.







Features of GPS

24 Satellites at different orbits.

Revolve around Earth twice a day.

For a 2D location, 3 GPS Satellites are used.

For a 3D location, more than 3 Satellites are used.







Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

Liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display or video display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals.

LCDs are used in a wide range of applications

• Computer monitors.• Instrument panels• Aircraft cockpit displays.• Television.







Liquid Crystal Display

These are energy efficient and offer safer disposal.

Its low electrical power consumption enables it to be used in battery.







Circuit Description

Vehicle tracking by GPS - GSM consists of a microcontroller, GPS module, GSM modem and 9V DC power supply.

GPS module gets the location information from satellites in the form of latitude and longitude.

The microcontroller processes this information and sends it to the GSM modem.

The GSM modem then sends the information to the owner’s mobile phone.







Working Principle

Vehicle Tracking by GPS – GPS consists of GPS receiver and GSM modem with a micro controller.

The whole system is attached to the vehicle.

One GSM mobile phone is attached to the computer with VB(Visual basic) application.

So the GPS system will send the longitudinal and altitude values corresponding to the position of vehicle to GSM Modem.







Working Principle

Imagine the bus has left from Hyderabad at 8 o clock in the morning.

If the officer in charge for that vehicle wants to know where the vehicle is, he will come to the computer and click on the vehicle number on the VB program.

The VB program will send an SMS to the vehicle number.

The SMS sent would come through the GSM service provider and then reach the vehicle, which is traveling.







Working Principle

Because the vehicle has a GSM device with SIM card.

This GSM modem will receive the SMS and send to the microcontroller in the vehicle.

The microcontroller will receive this SMS and compare the password and the command.

If every thing matches then it will perform the request required by the office.







Working Principle

Name of the place is assigned for each longitude & latitude.

The GSM receiver in the vehicle office receives these data & gives to the PC through serial port.

The VB program in the PC checks this data with its database & displays the details of the vehicle on the screen.

The device is password controlled i.e. person who knows the device password only able to operate.







Working Principle

In case of any mishaps such as fire , theft or obstacle ,the device will automatically send an alert to the registered number i.e, the number that is feeded into the memory of microcontroller.







Testing Connect the circuit to GPS and GSM modem.

Switch on the circuit.

Switch on the GPS module and wait for 10-15 minutes for initialisation.

Switch on the GSM modem.

Dial the mobile number in the GSM modem. After two rings, the ringing stops automatically.







Testing

Wait for a few seconds. You will get an SMS alert in your mobile.

Check your SMS inbox. You will see the latitude and longitude data in the form of SMS text.

Open a standard map and locate the point on the map.

You can also enter latitude and longitude values in a software on any suitable software.







Applications

Stolen vehicle recovery.

Field service management.

It is used for food delivery and car rental companies.

Easily installed in any vehicle such as cars, boats and motorbikes.

It can be used to track animals in the jungle.







Advantages

It provides more security.

We can access the system from the remote place.

It reduce vehicle abuse.

Fleet monitoring.

Route monitoring.







Limitations

If there is noise in edge detected image, then it is hard to track the vehicle.







Conclusion

Vehicle Tracking System using GPS and GSM all about controlling theft of a vehicle and to find out the exact location of any vehicle. The system is about making vehicle more secure by the use of GPS, GSM technology and a web application. Vehicle Tracking system resulted in improving overall productivity with better fleet management. Vehicle tracking both on case of personnel as well as business purpose improves safety and security.


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vehicle tracking by gps gsm

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