vegetation database for land-cover mapping, clark and ...pubs.usgs.gov/ds/827/pdf/ds827.pdfdata...

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

Data Series 827

Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management

Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada

Pleuraphis rigida Shrub Herbaceous Alliance at sample 5228 in Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area.

Ferocactus cylindraceous Limestone Bedrock Shrubland Alliance at sample 2004 in Coyote Springs Area of Critical Environmental Concern.

Acacia greggii Intermittently Flooded Shrubland Alliance at sample 1999 in Piute-Eldorado Valley Area of Critical Environmental Concern.

Yucca schidigera-Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa Wooded Shrubland Alliance at sample 5039 near Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area.

Cover. Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa Shrubland Alliance at sample 1843 in Mormon Mesa Area of Critical Environmental Concern. All photos taken by David A. Charlet.


By David A. Charlet1, Nancy A. Damar, and Patrick J. Leary1

1American West Ecology

Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management

Data Series 827

U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

U.S. Department of the InteriorSALLY JEWELL, Secretary

U.S. Geological SurveySuzette M. Kimball, Acting Director

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014

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Suggested citation:Charlet, D.A., Damar, N.A., and Leary, P.J., 2014, Vegetation database for land-cover mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey, Data Series 827, 18 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds827

ISSN 2327-638X (online)

http://www.usgs.gov

http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod

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iii

Contents

Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................................1Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1

Concurrent Data Collection .................................................................................................................1Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................1

Data Collection Methods ..............................................................................................................................3Modified National Vegetation Classification Plot Sampling Approach .......................................3Rapid Assessment Community Ecology Sampling Approach .......................................................3Sample Site Selection ..........................................................................................................................4Data Recorded.......................................................................................................................................4

Data Classification .........................................................................................................................................4Database Design ............................................................................................................................................5References Cited............................................................................................................................................7Appendix 1. Geospatial Database Components and Attributes .............................................................8Appendix 2. List of Symbols Used in Stand Names ................................................................................11

Figures 1. Map showing sample sites and study areas in Clark and

Lincoln Counties, Nevada ....................................................................................................2 2. Schematic of the database design ............................................................................................6

Tables 1. Summary comparison of modified National Vegetation Classification plot

and rapid assessment community ecology sampling methods .....................................3 2. National Vegetation Classification hierarchy ..........................................................................5

iv

Conversion FactorsSI to Inch/Pound

Multiply By To obtain

Lengthmeter (m) 3.281 foot (ft) kilometer (km) 0.6214 mile (mi)meter (m) 1.094 yard (yd)

Areasquare meter (m2) 0.0002471 acre

Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83).

Abbreviations

ACEC Area of Critical Environmental ConcernBLM Bureau of Land ManagementDNWR Desert National Wildlife RefugeGIS geographic information systemGPS Global Positioning SystemRRCNCA Red Rock Canyon National Conservation AreaNVC National Vegetation ClassificationRACE rapid assessment community ecologyUSDA U.S. Department of AgricultureUSGS U.S. Geological Survey

v

AcknowledgmentsMany College of Southern Nevada students contributed to the field data collection effort.

Jeremy Chambers, Toni Leufven, Drew Pearson, Tim Schelz, Dagny Signorelli, and Tamara Wynn all made significant contributions that we greatly appreciated. Angela Pitt, Fred Landau, Phoenix King, and Jennifer Leary worked hard in the field in all kinds of weather conditions to put together a good data set for Red Rock Canyon. Doug Merkler was of tremendous assistance with soils information and field coordination. Craig Westenburg was essential to virtually every aspect of the work.

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By David A. Charlet, Nancy A. Damar, and Patrick J. Leary

Abstract Floristic and other vegetation data were collected at

3,175 sample sites to support land-cover mapping projects in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, from 2007 to 2013. Data were collected at sample sites that were selected to fulfill mapping priorities by one of two different plot sampling approaches. Samples were described at the stand level and classified into the National Vegetation Classification hierarchy at the alliance level and above. The vegetation database is presented in geospatial and tabular formats.

IntroductionIn 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in

cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), began a study to map land cover in Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area (RRCNCA; fig. 1). The geographic extent of the study was expanded in 2010 to include three BLM Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) in Clark County: Coyote Springs, Mormon Mesa, and Piute-Eldorado Valley (fig. 1). The study produced high-resolution, detailed land-cover data sets by using a combination of floristic data collected on the ground and remote-sensing classification techniques on high-resolution satellite imagery (Smith and others, 2014).

These data are from 3,175 specifically selected sample sites. Data were collected by using two different plot sampling methods from 2007 to 2013. Sampling by either method identified a homogenous plant community at the stand level. All sample sites were described with a stand name, in which any species that occupied 5 percent or greater cover in any canopy layer was identified. Samples were then assigned to the National Vegetation Classification Standard (NVC) at the alliance level and above (Federal Geographic Data Committee, 2008).

Concurrent Data Collection

During the study period, the field team also collected vegetation data for a county-wide ecosystem geographic information system (GIS) modeling effort known as the “Ecosystem Indicators” project for the Clark County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan (Heaton and others, 2011). The team also was contracted to collect vegetation data in Desert National Wildlife Refuge (DNWR; fig. 1) in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, for a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service mapping project (Westenburg and Charlet, 2013). Throughout the study period, data from all efforts were provided as a courtesy for all studies.

The products from these efforts vary in scale, resolution, and detail, but the vegetation data were collected to a consistent standard. All locations sampled by the field team were included in the database for completeness.

Purpose and Scope

The vegetation data were collected to be used as input for GIS and remote-sensing software programs. These programs use known ground conditions to analyze spectral data from satellite imagery in order to make predictions about ground conditions in locations for which there are no ground data. Therefore, the purpose of the data collection was to describe existing ground conditions as well or better than could be discerned through spectral analysis. Sample sites were selected to fulfill this purpose, so no inferences about overall patterns and distributions of vegetation can be made from these data alone.

The purpose of this report is to describe the methods used to collect and classify the vegetation samples and to describe the database design. The data are presented in geospatial, spreadsheet, and tab-delimited file formats.

2 Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada

sac14-4199_Figure 01

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Figure 1. Sample sites and study areas in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada. (CSACEC, Coyote Springs Area of Critical Environmental Concern; DNWR, Desert National Wildlife Refuge; MMACEC, Mormon Mesa Area of Critical Environmental Concern; PEVACEC, Piute-Eldorado Valley Area of Critical Environmental Concern; NVC, National Vegetation Classification; RACE, rapid assessment community ecology; RRCNCA, Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area.)

Data Collection Methods 3

Data Collection MethodsSamples were collected by two methods. In the

RRCNCA, samples were collected by using a plot method modified from the NVC standards (Jennings and others, 2002). Seeking a more efficient, yet still robust, data collec-tion method, the team developed a different method, which was named “rapid assessment community ecology” (RACE), for samples collected for the Ecosystem Indicators project (Heaton and others, 2011). This method was used for all samples, except those in the RRCNCA. An overview of the similarities and differences between the methods is shown in table 1 and discussed fully in the next sections.

Modified NVC Plot Sampling Approach

The standard modified NVC plot was a 20-meter (m) by 20-m square. The location for the southeast corner of the plot was selected by tossing a flagged stake over the shoulder within an homogenous plant community to be sampled. The southeast corner point was the location recorded in the data-base for the sample. From the southeast corner point, a 20-m tape was laid out due north to define the first plot border, fol-lowed by a second 20-m tape laid out due west. The northwest corner of the plot was temporarily marked with flagging so that the 20-m by 20-m plot could be easily visualized.

At times, a standard 20-m by 20-m plot would include more than one community because of the size, shape, and orientation of the target community. In these cases, either the orientation or length of the first tape, or both, was adjusted in order to capture the target community. The azimuth of the tape, relative to due north, was recorded. The second tape was laid out at a right angle to the first tape, and the length was adjusted to create a 400 square meter plot. Plot dimensions of

5 m by 80 m, 10 m by 40 m, and 16 m by 25 m were utilized. In this way, linear features, such as communities along stream channels, could be sampled regardless of orientation or width. In one case, a circular dune was sampled by using a circular plot with a diameter of 25 m. The dune was easily distinguishable from surroundings and flags were not used to define it.

Once the size and shape of the plot were determined, observers assessed the community by carefully traversing the entire area. Every species present or within 10 m of the plot borders was recorded, and its cover estimated.

RACE Sampling Approach

The standard RACE plot was circular and had a 200-m diameter. Instead of defining the plot with tapes, stakes, and flags, a global positioning system (GPS) receiver was used to establish the center point of the plot. This center point, also called the waypoint, was the location recorded in the database for the sample. From the waypoint, the observer determined if the community and the landform it occupied extended at least 100 m in all directions by using the GPS as a tether to the waypoint. As with the NVC modified plots, the size and shape of the RACE plot were adjusted to ensure data from an apparently homogenous community were recorded. In these cases, the GPS was used to adjust the tether distance, as necessary, and the dimensions of the plot were recorded.

Once the size of the plot was determined, the plant community was assessed by walking through it in a meandering fashion. Every effort was made to find all species by traversing an area until no new species could be found. All species encountered were recorded, and cover was estimated for the dominant species in each canopy layer.

Table 1. Summary comparison of modified National Vegetation Classification (NVC) plot and rapid assessment community ecology (RACE) sampling methods.

[Abbreviations: m, meter; m2, square meter]

Modified NVC plot RACE

Number of samples 300 2,875Standard size and shape Square, 20 m by 20 m Circular, 200-m diameterStandard area 400 m2 31,400 m2

Shape and area can be adjusted Yes YesAssessment method Observers traverse entire area and 10 m around Observers meander within area until no additional

species are encounteredSpecies data collected Cover estimated for every species present Cover estimated for dominant species onlyOutcome of assessment Stand name assigned Stand name assigned


Sample Site Selection

Because the purpose of sampling was to document ground conditions, sample sites were selected while the field team travelled systematically through each study area by automobile, foot, and helicopter. Sample sites were selected with the intent of sampling all types of vegetation encountered. The modified NVC plot sampling in the RRCNCA was completed during a single growing season. The team worked by elevation, beginning at the lowest and working through the highest. The RACE data were collected across multiple growing seasons. The strategy was to travel by automobile on all navigable roads in a study area and sample a RACE plot every 1,690 m (1 mile) as measured on the odometer. Typically, the sample site was reached by leaving the automobile and walking, perpendicular to the road, more than 100 m. Additional RACE plots were defined at less than the 1,690 m increment if a change in the community was apparent from the vehicle or an area was so diverse that several communities could be assessed without additional driving. Once the road system for an area was exhausted, areas without roads were visited on foot, and some remote sample sites in the DNWR were accessed by helicopter.

Data Recorded

For both sampling methods, the sample was assigned a stand name in the field. The stand name indicates the dominant and co-dominant species within each canopy layer, if present: tree (emergent, canopy, subcanopy), shrub (tall shrub, short shrub, dwarf shrub), and herbaceous (forb and graminoid). Species were identified according to the taxonomy and nomenclature of the PLANTS database (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013). Simplified versions of the PLANTS symbols were used in the stand names. Each species was represented by a four-letter symbol made up of the first two letters of the genus followed by the first two letters of the species epithet. A fifth or sixth character (letter or number) was added to differentiate between species or to indicate a subspecies as necessary. The PLANTS symbols are required to be more complex to avoid redundancies in a nationwide database. Appendix 2 contains a key to correlate the simplified symbols to the official PLANTS symbols.

Species in the stand name are ordered according to canopy layer (highest to lowest, left to right) and then according to their relative percentage of cover within each canopy layer (most to least, left to right). Species in the same canopy layer are separated by a hyphen (-), and canopy layers are separated by a slash (/). If an azonal feature, such as a stream channel or desert pavement, is present, a one- or two-letter code (appendix 2) is added to the stand name following an underscore (_). For example, in a shrubland where Larrea tridentata dominates the tall shrub layer and Ambrosia dumosa shares dominance of the dwarf shrub layer

with Krameria erecta, the stand name for the sample would be either LATR/AMDU-KRER or LATR/KRER-AMDU, depending on the relative coverages of Ambrosia dumosa and Krameria erecta. If the same dominants were found at a sample site on desert pavement, the stand name would be LATR/AMDU-KRER_DP or LATR/KRER-AMDU_DP. The stand name indicates relative height and cover of the dominant species, but not absolute values such as the height, percentage of cover, or which canopy layer is occupied by the individual species. Some absolute values are available in the “Comments” fields of the database.

In addition to stand name, wetland classification, slope, aspect, major landform, and surficial geology were recorded in the field and included in the database. The Cowardin System wetland classification was assessed first, and it often helped to determine the size and shape of the sample plot (Cowardin and others, 1979). Slope was described with qualitative terms ranging from “flat” to “steep.” The aspect was determined with the GPS unit to the nearest 16th of a cardinal degree. The major landform and surficial geology were described qualitatively. Finally, the observers used two comment fields to record additional observations about the sample site or other miscellaneous conditions.

Data ClassificationThe NVC is a national physiognomic-floristic

hierarchical framework for vegetation classification across many levels and scales. The original framework for NVC was conceptual; the hierarchical levels were defined but a list of recognized units within each level was not complete (Federal Geographic Data Committee, 1997). By design, the hierarchical levels and their recognized units have been under revision since initial publication (Jennings, 2002) and have remained so after the release of Version 2 in 2008 (Federal Geographic Data Committee, 2008; Jennings, 2009).

The finest levels of detail in the NVC are provided at the floristic levels, called associations and alliances. The list of recognized units at the floristic levels is incomplete for Nevada and particularly lacking for the Mojave Desert (Peterson, 2008). Much of the data collected for this study do not accurately fit into currently recognized floristic units, and the data collection and statistical analysis required to propose recognition of new units are beyond the scope of this study. Instead, like Peterson (2008), the samples were assigned names patterned after recognized units if a recognized unit was not available to accurately describe the sample. The levels of association and alliance cannot be distinguished without statistical analysis, so all floristic unit names in the database were categorized at the level of alliance, which is higher. Assigning alliance names allowed the data to be worked through the mid- and upper levels of the NVC hierarchy (table 2).

Database Design 5

With one exception, all samples were classified into recognized units at the NVC group level. One group was created as a placeholder in order to account for Mojave salt-bush shrublands. These communities appropriately classify into Macrogroup 090, North American Warm Desert Alkaline-Saline Semi-Desert Scrub, but the only recognized group within it is Group 299, Chihuahuan Lowland Basin Semi-Desert Scrub Group. It would be geographically inaccurate to classify the plant communities of the salt desert in the northern end of the Mojave Desert as a group representing the Chihuahuan Desert. Instead, these communities (181 of 3,175 samples) were placed in Group 999, Mojave Salt-bush Shrubland Group [placeholder]. Other recognized groups considered for these communities were Group 300, Intermountain Shadscale-Saltbush Scrub Group, and Group 299, Chihuahuan Group. These groups were rejected because they would identify these communities as cool instead of warm desert communities up to the subclass level of the NVC.

Table 2. National Vegetation Classification (NVC) hierarchy.

[Source: Federal Geographic Data Committee, 2008, National vegetation classification standard, version 2, FGDC-STD-005-2008: accessed December 6, 2012, http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/vegetation/NVCS_V2_FINAL_2008-02.pdf.]

NVC hierarchy level Criteria

Upper: Physiognomy plays a predominant role.

Level 1–Class Broad combinations of general dominant growth forms that are adapted to basic temperature (energy budget), moisture, and/or substrate or aquatic conditions.

Level 2–Subclass Combinations of general dominant and diagnostic growth forms that reflect global macroclimatic factors driven primarily by latitude and continental position, or that reflect overriding substrate or aquatic conditions.

Level 3–Formation Combinations of dominant and diagnostic growth forms that reflect global macroclimatic factors as modified by altitude, seasonality of precipitation, substrates, and hydrologic conditions.

Middle: Both floristics and physiognomy play a significant role.

Level 4–Division Combinations of dominant and diagnostic growth forms and a broad set of diagnostic plant taxa that reflect biogeographic differences in composition and continental differences in mesoclimate, geology, substrates, hydrology, and disturbance regimes.

Level 5–Macrogroup Combinations of moderate sets of diagnostic plant species and diagnostic growth forms that reflect biogeographic differences in composition and subcontinental to regional differences in mesoclimate, geology, substrates, hydrology, and disturbance regimes.

Level 6–Group Combinations of relatively narrow sets of diagnostic plant species (including dominants and co-dominants), broadly similar composition, and diagnostic growth forms that reflect biogeographic differences in composition and sub-continental to regional differences in mesoclimate, geology, substrates, hydrology, and disturbance regimes.

Lower: Floristics plays a predominant role.

Level 7–Alliance Diagnostic species, including some from the dominant growth form or layer, and moderately similar composition that reflect regional to subregional climate substrates, hydrology, moisture/nutrient factors, and disturbance regimes.

Level 8–Association Diagnostic species, usually from multiple growth forms or layers, and more narrowly similar composition that reflect topo-edaphic climate, substrates, hydrology, and disturbance regimes.

Database DesignThe vegetation sample sites, location information,

field data and notes, and NVC hierarchy were compiled in an ESRI ArcGIS 10.1 geodatabase that can be used for visualization, mapping, or analysis within a geographic information system (GIS). The sample sites are represented by a point layer with attributes for the stand and alliance names and a code corresponding to an NVC hierarchy table. Each sample site has a unique identification code that corre-sponds to tables containing details such as plot shape and size, and other data and notes recorded in the field. Federal Geographic Data Committee compliant metadata describing the geodatabase is also included. See figure 2 for a schematic of the database organization and appendix 1 for a description of each database component and its attributes. Tabular versions of the vegetation database in Microsoft Excel® and tab-delimited text file formats are also available.


sac14-4199_Figure 02

DS827.gdb

GROUP_CDGROUP_NMMACROGROUP_CDMACROGROUP_NMDIVISION_CDDIVISION_NMFORMATION_CDFORMATION_NMSUBCLASS_CDSUBCLASS_NMCLASS_CDCLASS_NM

NVC

Sample_points

Sample_IDSTAND_NAMEALLIANCE_NAMEGROUP_CD

Sample_IDNorthingEastingAccuracySample_TypePlot_ShapeEW_DimensionNS_DimensionPoint_LocationDimension_Notes

Sample_site

Sample_IDSample_DateLandformSlopeAspectGeologyCowardin

Field_data

Sample_IDField_LeadSite_CommentsMisc_Comments

Field_notes

Figure 2. Schematic of the database design. (CD, code; E, east; ID, identification; Misc, miscellaneous; N, north; NM, name; NVC, National Vegetation Classification; S, south; and W, west.)

References Cited 7

References Cited

Cowardin, L.M., Carter, V., Golet, F.C., and LaRoe, E.T., 1979, Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS 79/31, 103 p.

Federal Geographic Data Committee, 1997, Vegetation classification standard, FGDC-STD-005: Vegetation Subcommittee, Federal Geographic Data Committee, FGDC Secretariat, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., 58 p.

Federal Geographic Data Committee, 2008, National vegetation classification standard, version 2, FGDC-STD-005-2008: accessed December 6, 2012, http://www.fgdc.gov/standards/projects/FGDC-standards-projects/vegetation/NVCS_V2_FINAL_2008-02.pdf.

Heaton, J.S., Miao, X., Von Seckendorff, K., Charlet, P., Cashman, D.A., Trexler, J., Grimmer, A., and Patil, R., 2011, Final Report 2005-UNR-578: Report to Clark County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan, accessed August 13, 2013, http://www.clarkcountynv.gov/Depts/dcp/Documents/Library/dcp%20reports/2011/Geomorphology%20and%20Vegetation%20Mapping%20UNR%20578%20Jun%202011.pdf.

Jennings, M., Loucks, O., Glenn-Lewin, D., Peet, R., Faber-Langendoen, D., Grossman, D., Damman, A., Barbour, M., Pfister, R., Walker, M., Talbot, S., Walker, J., Hartshorn, G., Waggoner, G., Abrams, M., Hill, A., Roberts, D., and Tart D., 2002, Standards for associations and alliances of the US National Vegetation Classification: Vegetation Classification Panel, Version 1.0., Ecological Society of America.

Jennings, M., Faber-Langendoen, D., Loucks, O., Peet, R.K., and Roberts, D., 2009, Standards for associations and alliances of the U.S. National Vegetation Classification: Ecological Monographs, v. 79, no. 2, p. 173–199 and appendixes.

Shreve, F., 1942, The desert vegetation of North America: The Botanical Review, v. VIII, no.4, p. 195–246.

Peterson, E., 2008, International Vegetation Classification alli-ances and associations occurring in Nevada with proposed additions: Nevada Natural Heritage Program, Carson City, Nevada, accessed August 13, 2013, http://heritage.nv.gov/node/174.

Smith, J.L., Damar, N.A., Charlet, D.A., and Westenburg, C.W., 2014, Land-cover mapping of Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area and Coyote Springs, Piute-Eldorado Valley, and Mormon Mesa Areas of Critical Environmental Concern, Clark County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014–5076, 42 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20145076.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013, USDA/NRCS PLANTS Database: National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA, accessed April 18, 2013, http://plants.usda.gov.

Westenburg, C.W., and Charlet, D.A., 2013, Vegetation map of Desert National Wildlife Refuge, Clark and Lincoln Coun-ties, Nevada: Report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.


Appendix 1. Geospatial Database Components and Attributes

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999,

whi

ch is

a p

lace

hold

er g

roup

cre

ated

for t

his d

atab

ase.

For

det

ails

, see

the

“Dat

a C

lass

ifica

tion”

sect

ion

of th

e te

xt.

Sam

ple_

site

A g

eoda

taba

se ta

ble

cont

aini

ng in

form

atio

n ab

out t

he lo

catio

n of

the

sam

ple.

Als

o av

aila

ble

as a

tab-

delim

ited

tabl

e or

Mic

roso

ft Ex

cel®

spre

adsh

eet.

Sam

ple_

IDTh

e un

ique

iden

tifica

tion

num

ber o

f a sa

mpl

e.N

orth

ing

Nor

thin

g co

ordi

nate

s for

the

sam

ple

in U

nive

rsal

Tra

nsve

rse

Mer

cato

r, Zo

ne 1

1 pr

ojec

tion,

Nor

th A

mer

ican

Dat

um o

f 198

3Ea

stin

gEa

stin

g co

ordi

nate

s for

the

sam

ple

in U

nive

rsal

Tra

nsve

rse

Mer

cato

r, Zo

ne 1

1 pr

ojec

tion,

Nor

th A

mer

ican

Dat

um o

f 198

3A

ccur

acy

The

colle

ctio

n m

etho

d fo

r coo

rdin

ates

for t

he sa

mpl

e lo

catio

n. G

PS re

pres

ents

a re

crea

tiona

l-gra

de g

loba

l pos

ition

ing

syst

em u

nit w

as u

sed

to c

aptu

re

coor

dina

te in

form

atio

n. T

hese

dev

ices

are

gen

eral

ly c

onsi

dere

d to

be

accu

rate

to w

ithin

10

met

ers.

Sa

mpl

e_Ty

peTh

e sa

mpl

e ty

pe: m

odifi

ed N

VC

plo

t sam

ples

wer

e co

llect

ed in

Red

Roc

k C

anyo

n N

atio

nal C

onse

rvat

ion

Are

a; R

AC

E sa

mpl

es w

ere

colle

cted

for t

he re

st o

f th

e st

udy

area

s.Pl

ot_S

hape

The

appr

oxim

ate

shap

e of

the

sam

ple

area

. Mod

ified

NV

C p

lot s

ampl

es a

re a

ssum

ed to

be

squa

re a

nd R

AC

E sa

mpl

es a

re a

ssum

ed to

be

roun

d un

less

D

imen

sion

Not

es in

dica

te o

ther

wis

e. S

ee D

imen

sion

_Not

es d

escr

iptio

n fo

r mor

e de

tails

.EW

_Dim

ensi

onTh

e ap

prox

imat

e di

men

sion

of t

he sa

mpl

e ar

ea in

met

ers,

mea

sure

d fr

om e

ast t

o w

est.

Dim

ensi

ons a

re a

ssum

ed to

be

20 m

eter

s for

mod

ified

NV

C p

lot

sam

ples

and

200

met

ers f

or R

AC

E sa

mpl

es u

nles

s the

Dim

ensi

on N

otes

indi

cate

oth

erw

ise.

See

Dim

ensi

on_N

otes

des

crip

tion

for m

ore

deta

ils.

NS_

Dim

ensi

onTh

e ap

prox

imat

e di

men

sion

of t

he sa

mpl

e ar

ea in

met

ers,

mea

sure

d fr

om n

orth

to so

uth.

Dim

ensi

ons a

re a

ssum

ed to

be

20 m

eter

s for

mod

ified

NV

C p

lot

sam

ples

and

200

met

ers f

or R

AC

E sa

mpl

es u

nles

s the

Dim

ensi

on N

otes

indi

cate

oth

erw

ise.

See

Dim

ensi

on_N

otes

des

crip

tion

for m

ore

deta

ils.

Poin

t_Lo

catio

nTh

e po

sitio

n of

the

poin

t loc

atio

n of

the

sam

ple

rela

tive

to th

e sa

mpl

e ar

ea. F

or m

odifi

ed N

VC

plo

t sam

ples

, the

coo

rdin

ates

repr

esen

ts th

e so

uthe

ast c

orne

r of

the

sam

pled

are

a. F

or R

AC

E sa

mpl

es, t

he c

oord

inat

es re

pres

ent t

he c

ente

r of t

he sa

mpl

ed a

rea.

D

imen

sion

_Not

esTr

ansc

ribed

nar

rativ

e fr

om fi

eld

note

book

s des

crib

ing

the

size

and

shap

e of

the

sam

ple.

The

se n

otes

wer

e us

ed to

det

erm

ine

valu

es fo

r the

EW

_Dim

ensi

on

and

NS_

Dim

ensi

on fi

elds

if a

vaila

ble.

Man

y en

tries

pro

vide

dim

ensi

ons w

ithou

t dire

ctio

ns. F

or e

xam

ple,

“10

0 m

× 2

00 m

.” It

was

ass

umed

the

dim

ensi

ons w

ere

liste

d in

the

orde

r of e

ast-w

est a

nd th

en n

orth

-sou

th. N

o ad

ditio

nal v

erifi

catio

n w

as d

one.

Fiel

d_da

taA

geo

data

base

tabl

e co

ntai

ning

dat

a re

cord

ed in

the

field

abo

ut th

e sa

mpl

e. A

lso

avai

labl

e as

a ta

b-de

limite

d ta

ble

or M

icro

soft

Exce

l® sp

read

shee

t.Sa

mpl

e_ID

The

uniq

ue id

entifi

catio

n nu

mbe

r of a

sam

ple.

Sam

ple_

Dat

eTh

e m

onth

(mm

), da

y (d

d), a

nd y

ear (

yyyy

) the

sam

ple

was

reco

rded

, for

mat

ted

as m

m/d

d/yy

yy.

Land

form

The

maj

or la

ndfo

rm u

pon

whi

ch th

e sa

mpl

e ar

ea is

situ

ated

, as e

stim

ated

in th

e fie

ld.

Tabl

e 1-

1.

Geos

patia

l dat

abas

e co

mpo

nent

s an

d at

tribu

tes.

10 Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, NevadaTa

ble

1-1.

Ge

ospa

tial d

atab

ase

com

pone

nts

and

attri

bute

s.—

Cont

inue

d

[Abb

revi

atio

ns: C

D, c

ode;

EW

, eas

t to

wes

t; G

PS, G

loba

l Pos

ition

ing

Syst

em; I

D, i

dent

ifica

tion;

m, m

eter

; NM

, nam

e; N

S, n

orth

to so

uth;

NV

C, N

atio

nal V

eget

atio

n C

lass

ifica

tion;

RA

CE,

rapi

d as

sess

men

t co

mm

unity

eco

logy

; ×, b

y]

Com

pone

nt a

nd

attr

ibut

esD

escr

iptio

n

Slop

eTh

e sl

ope

at th

e sa

mpl

e ar

ea, a

s est

imat

ed in

the

field

. Mod

ified

NV

C p

lot s

ampl

es a

re a

ssig

ned

num

eric

al v

alue

s bet

wee

n 0

and

90 d

egre

es; R

AC

E sa

mpl

es

are

desc

ribed

in q

ualit

ativ

e te

rms s

uch

as fl

at, g

entle

, ste

ep, e

tc.

Asp

ect

The

aspe

ct a

t the

sam

ple

area

, as e

stim

ated

in th

e fie

ld to

the

near

est 1

/16t

h of

a c

ardi

nal d

irect

ion.

N, n

orth

; S, s

outh

; E, e

ast,

W, w

est.

For e

xam

ple,

EN

E re

pres

ent e

ast n

orth

east

.G

eolo

gyA

qua

litat

ive

desc

riptio

n of

the

surfi

cial

geo

logy

at t

he sa

mpl

e si

te, a

s rec

orde

d in

the

field

.C

owar

din

The

Cow

ardi

n Sy

stem

wet

land

cla

ssifi

catio

n (2 C

owar

din

and

othe

rs, 1

979)

of t

he sa

mpl

e, a

s det

erm

ined

in th

e fie

ld.

Fiel

d_no

tes

A g

eoda

taba

se ta

ble

cont

aini

ng tr

ansc

ribed

fiel

d no

tes a

bout

the

sam

ple.

Als

o av

aila

ble

as a

tab-

delim

ited

tabl

e or

Mic

roso

ft Ex

cel®

spre

adsh

eet.

Sam

ple_

IDTh

e un

ique

iden

tifica

tion

num

ber o

f a sa

mpl

e.Fi

eld_

Lead

The

nam

e of

the

bota

nist

lead

ing

the

field

team

. Not

es in

the

“Site

_Com

men

ts”

and

“Mis

c_C

omm

ents

” co

lum

ns w

ere

reco

rded

by

this

per

son.

Site

_Com

men

tsC

omm

ents

reco

rded

in th

e fie

ld b

y th

e fie

ld le

ad (s

ee “

Fiel

d_Le

ad”

colu

mn)

rega

rdin

g si

te c

ondi

tions

. Com

men

ts w

ere

trans

crib

ed fr

om fi

eld

note

book

s and

ha

ve n

ot b

een

revi

ewed

. The

y m

ay c

onta

in m

issp

ellin

gs, t

ypos

, cod

es a

nd a

bbre

viat

ions

, or r

efer

ence

s tha

t are

not

doc

umen

ted

or c

ited

in th

is re

port.

Mis

c_C

omm

ents

Mis

cella

neou

s com

men

ts re

cord

ed in

the

field

by

the

field

lead

(see

“Fi

eld_

Lead

” co

lum

n). C

omm

ents

wer

e tra

nscr

ibed

from

fiel

d no

tebo

oks a

nd h

ave

not

been

revi

ewed

. The

y m

ay c

onta

in m

issp

ellin

gs, t

ypos

, cod

es a

nd a

bbre

viat

ions

, or r

efer

ence

s tha

t are

not

doc

umen

ted

or c

ited

in th

is re

port.

NV

CN

atio

nal V

eget

atio

n C

lass

ifica

tion

Stan

dard

(NV

C; F

eder

al G

eogr

aphi

c D

ata

Com

mitt

ee, 2

008)

hie

rarc

hy a

t the

gro

up le

vel a

nd a

bove

. Sam

ples

in th

e Sa

mpl

e_si

te ta

ble

can

be re

late

d to

this

tabl

e by

the

GR

OU

P_C

D c

olum

n. A

lso

avai

labl

e as

a ta

b-de

limite

d ta

ble

or M

icro

soft

Exce

l® sp

read

shee

t.G

RO

UP_

CD

A u

niqu

e co

de th

at re

pres

ents

a g

roup

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy. A

ll gr

oup

code

s rep

rese

nt re

cogn

ized

NV

C g

roup

s, ex

cept

G99

9, w

hich

is a

pla

ceho

lder

gro

up

crea

ted

for t

his d

atab

ase.

For

det

ails

, see

the

“Dat

a C

lass

ifica

tion”

sect

ion

in th

e te

xt.

GR

OU

P_N

MTh

e na

me

of a

gro

up in

the

NV

C h

iera

rchy

. All

grou

p na

mes

repr

esen

t rec

ogni

zed

NV

C g

roup

s, ex

cept

Moj

ave

Saltb

ush

Shru

blan

d G

roup

, whi

ch is

a

plac

ehol

der g

roup

cre

ated

for t

his s

tudy

. For

det

ails

, see

the

“Dat

a C

lass

ifica

tion”

sect

ion

in th

e te

xt.

MA

CR

OG

RO

UP_

CD

A u

niqu

e co

de th

at re

pres

ents

a m

acro

grou

p in

the

NV

C h

iera

rchy

.M

AC

RO

GR

OU

P_N

MTh

e na

me

of a

mac

rogr

oup

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

DIV

ISIO

N_C

DA

uni

que

code

that

repr

esen

ts a

div

isio

n in

the

NV

C h

iera

rchy

.D

IVIS

ION

_NM

The

nam

e of

a d

ivis

ion

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

FOR

MAT

ION

_CD

A u

niqu

e co

de th

at re

pres

ents

a fo

rmat

ion

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

FOR

MAT

ION

_NM

The

nam

e of

a fo

rmat

ion

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

SUB

CLA

SS_C

DA

uni

que

code

that

repr

esen

ts a

subc

lass

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

SUB

CLA

SS_N

MTh

e na

me

of a

subc

lass

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

CLA

SS_C

DA

uni

que

code

that

repr

esen

ts a

cla

ss in

the

NV

C h

iera

rchy

.C

LASS

_NM

The

nam

e of

a c

lass

in th

e N

VC

hie

rarc

hy.

1 Fed

eral

Geo

grap

hic

Dat

a C

omm

ittee

, 200

8, N

atio

nal v

eget

atio

n cl

assi

ficat

ion

stan

dard

, ver

sion

2, F

GD

C-S

TD-0

05-2

008,

acc

esse

d D

ecem

ber 6

, 201

2, a

t http

://w

ww.

fgdc

.gov

/sta

ndar

ds/p

roje

cts/

FGD

C-

stan

dard

s-pr

ojec

ts/v

eget

atio

n/N

VCS_

V2_F

INAL

_200

8-02

.pdf

.2 C

owar

din,

L.M

., C

arte

r, V.

, Gol

et, F

.C.,

and

LaR

oe, E

.T.,

1979

, Cla

ssifi

catio

n of

wet

land

s and

dee

pwat

er h

abita

ts o

f the

Uni

ted

Stat

es: U

.S. F

ish

and

Wild

life

Serv

ice

FWS/

OB

S 79

/31,

103

p.

Appendix 2 11

Appendix 2. List of Symbols Used in Stand Names


Table 2-1. List of symbols used in stand names.

[Abbreviations: NRCS, Natural Resources Conservation Service; USDA, U.S. Department of Agriculture]

Stand name code for azonal feature Azonal featureDP Desert pavementD DuneGB Granite bedrockG_B Gravel barrensIF Intermittently floodedLS Landslide mass-wasting slopeLB Limestone bedrockPN Petrocaclic nodulesPlaya PlayaQB Quartzite bedrockSB Sandstone bedrockS SaturatedSF Seasonally floodedPF Semi-permanently floodedSV Sparsely vegetatedSM Spring moundTS Talus slopeTF Temporarily floodedTB Tuff bedrockVB Volcanic bedrock

Stand name symbol for vegetation species

USDA/NRCS Species name (1U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013)

USDA/NRCS Species symbol (1U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013)

ABCO Abies concolor concolor ABCOCACGR Acacia greggii ACGRG3ACSH Acamptopappus shockleyi ACSHACSPS2 Acamptopappus sphaerocephalus ACSPS2ACGL Acer glabrum diffusum ACGLD3ACHY Achnatherum hymenoides ACHYACLE Achnatherum lettermannii ACLE9ACPA Achnatherum parishii parishii ACPAPACSP12 Achnatherum speciosum ACSP12ADCO Adenophyllum cooperi ADCO2AGUT Agave utahensis eborispina AGUTEAMDU Ambrosia dumosa AMDU2AMER Ambrosia eriocentra AMERAMUT Amelanchier utahensis (sensu lato) AMUTAMFR Amphipappus fremontii fremontii AMFRFAMTO Amsonia tomentosa AMTOTANCA Anemopsis californica ANCA10ANSC Angelica scabrida ANSC9ANRO Antennaria rosea ANRORANSO Antennaria soliceps ANSO2AQFO Aquilegia formosa AQFOARPU5 Arctostaphylos pungens ARPU5ARMU Argemone munita ARMUARPUP6 Aristida purpurea purpurea ARPUP6ARBI Artemisia bigelovii ARBI3ARDR Artemisia dracunculus ARDR4ARMI Artemisia michauxiana ARMI4ARNO Artemisia nova ARNO4ARTR Artemisia tridentata ARTR2ARTRT Artemisia tridentata tridentata ARTRTARTRW Artemisia tridentata wyomingensis ARTRW8ARDO Arundo donax ARDO4ATCA Atriplex canescens ATCAC

Appendix 2 13

Table 2-1. List of symbols used in stand names.—Continued


Stand name symbol for vegetation species

USDA/NRCS Species name (1U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013)

USDA/NRCS Species symbol (1U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013)

ATCO Atriplex confertifolia ATCOATHY Atriplex hymenelytra ATHYATLE Atriplex lentiformis ATLELATPO Atriplex polycarpa ATPOBASA Baccharis salicifolia BASA4BASE Baccharis sergiloides BASEBAMU Baileya multiradiata BAMUBEJU Bebbia juncea aspera BEJUABOGR Bouteloua gracilis BOGR2BOTR Bouteloua trifida BOTRTBRTO Brassica tournefortii BRTOBRAT Brickellia atractyloides BRATBRCA Brickellia californica BRCACBRGR Brickellia grandiflora BRGRBRIN Brickellia incana BRINBRLO Brickellia longifolia BRLOBRMI Brickellia microphylla watsonii BRMIWBROB Brickellia oblongifolia BROBOBRCI Bromus ciliatus BRCIC3BRMA Bromus rubens BRRU2BRTE Bromus tectorum BRTEBUUT Buddleja utahensis BUUTCALA Calylophus lavandulifolius CALA38CANE Carex nebrascensis CANE2CAPR Carex praegracilis CAPR5CARO Carex rossii CARO5CEGR Ceanothus greggii (sensu lato) CEGRCEMA Ceanothus martinii CEMA2CERE Celtis laevigata reticulata CELARCEOC Cercis orbiculata CEOR9CEIN Cercocarpus intricatus CEIN7CELE Cercocarpus ledifolius intercedens CELEICHLI Chilopsis linearis arcuata CHLIACHGR Chrysothamnus gramineus CHGR13CHVI Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus viscidiflorus (sensu lato) CHVIV2CIAR Cirsium arizonicum CIAR3CIEAC Cirsium clokeyi CICL2CLLI Clematis ligusticifolia CLLIL2CORA Coleogyne ramosissima CORACOUM Comandra umbellata pallida COUMPCUSA Cuscuta salina CUSASCYAC Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa CYACA2CYBI Cylindropuntia bigelovii CYBI9CYEC Cylindropuntia echinocarpa CYEC3CYRA Cylindropuntia ramosissima CYRA9CYWH Cylindropuntia whipplei CYWHDASE Dalea searlsiae DASE3DAPU Dasyochloa pulchella DAPU7DISP Distichlis spicata DISPDORE Dodecatheon redolens DOREDRCU Draba cuneifolia DRCUCECPO Echinocactus polycephalus ECPOPECEN Echinocereus engelmannii (sensu lato) ECENELAN Elaeagnus angustifolia ELANELRO Eleocharis rostellata ELRO2




Stand name symbols for vegetation species

USDA/NRCS Species name (1USDA, 2013)

USDA/NRCS Species symbol (1USDA, 2013)

ELEL Elymus elymoides (sensu lato) ELEL5ELTR Elymus trachycaulus ELTRTENFA Encelia farinosa ENFAENVI Encelia virginensis ENVIEPFA Ephedra fasciculata EPFAEPNE Ephedra nevadensis EPNEEPTO Ephedra torreyana EPTOTEPVI Ephedra viridis EPVIERCO40 Ericameria compacta ERCO40ERCO23 Ericameria cooperi ERCO23ERDI Ericameria discoidea discoidea ERDIDERLI Ericameria linearifolia ERLI6ERNA7 Ericameria nana ERNA7ERNAH Ericameria nauseosa hololeuca ERNAHERNAL Ericameria nauseosa leiosperma ERNALERNAM Ericameria nauseosa mojavensis ERNAMERNAS Ericameria nauseosa speciosa ERNAS2ERPA Ericameria paniculata ERPA29ERPAN Ericameria parryi nevadensis ERPAN2ERCL Erigeron clokeyi clokeyi ERCLERAN Eriodictyon angustifolium ERAN2ERFA Eriogonum fasciculatum polifolium ERFAPERHEA Eriogonum heermannii argense ERHEAERHEC Eriogonum heermannii clokeyi ERHECERHES Eriogonum heermannii sulcatum ERHES2ERIN Eriogonum inflatum ERINI4ERPU Eriogonum pusillum ERPU6ERTR Eriogonum trichopes ERTRT3ERUMJ Eriogonum umbellatum juniporinum ERUMJERWR Eriogonum wrightii membranaceum ERWRMERCI Erodium cicutarium ERCICEUUR Eucnide urens EUURFAPA Fallugia paradoxa FAPAFEUT Fendlerella utahensis FEUTUFECY Ferocactus cylindraceus (sensu lato) FECYRHBE Frangula betulifolia obovata FRBEORHTO Frangula californica ursina FRCAUFRAN Fraxinus anomala FRANAFRVE Fraxinus velutina FRVE2GAST Galium stellatum eremicum GASTE2GAFL Garrya flavescens GAFL2GACO Gaura coccinea GACO5GLSP Glossopetalon spinescens aridum GLSPAGRSP Grayia spinosa GRSPGUMI Gutierrezia microcephala GUMIGUSA Gutierrezia sarothrae GUSA2HESH Hecastocleis shockleyi HESHHEMU Heliomeris multiflora HEMUMHECO Hesperostipa comata HECOC8HERU Heuchera rubescens alpicola HERUAHODU Holodiscus dumosus HODUHYSA Hymenoclea salsola HYSASHYCO Hymenoxys cooperi HYCOC2ISAC Isocoma acradenia eremophila ISACE2IVJA Ivesia jaegeri IVJA

Appendix 2 15






JAAM Jamesia americana rosea JAAMRJUBA Juncus balticus JUME4JUCA Juniperus californica JUCA7JUCO Juniperus communis depressa JUCODJUOS Juniperus osteosperma JUOSJUSC Juniperus scopulorum JUSC2KRER Krameria erecta KRERKRGR Krameria grayi KRGRKRLA Krascheninnikovia lanata KRLA2LATR Larrea tridentata LATRTLEFR Lepidium fremontii LEFRFLELA Lepidium lasiocarpum LELALLINU Leptosiphon nuttallii pubescens LENUPLILE Linum lewisii LILEL2LUAR Lupinus argenteus LUARA11LYAN Lycium andersonii LYANA4LYCO Lycium cooperi LYCO2LYSH Lycium shockleyi LYSHMAFR Mahonia fremontii MAFR3MAHA Mahonia haematocarpa MAHA4MARE Mahonia repens MARE11MAST Maianthemum stellatum MAST4MEOF Melilotus officinalis MEOFMESP Menodora spinescens MESP2MELA Mentzelia laevicaulis MELAL3MOUT Mortonia utahensis MOUTMUAS Muhlenbergia asperifolia MUASMUPO Muhlenbergia porterii MUPO2MUTH Muhlenbergia thurberi MUTHNIAT Nicotiana attenuata NIATNOBI Nolina bigelovii NOBIOECAC Oenothera caespitosa crinita OECAC3OPBA Opuntia basilaris OPBAB2OPPH Opuntia phaeacantha OPPHOPPOE Opuntia polyacantha erinacea OPPOEOPPOH Opuntia polyacantha hystricina OPPOHPESEC Pedicularis semibarbata charlestonensis PESECPEPA8 Penstemon palmeri PEPA8PERA Peraphyllum ramosissimum PERA4PEGR Perityle gracilis PEGR15PEIN Perityle intricata PEIN12PENI Petalonyx nitidus PENIPEPA13 Petalonyx parryi PEPA13PEPU Petradoria pumila PEPUPPECA Petrophytum caespitosum PECAC2PESC Peucephyllum schottii PESC4PHMI Philadelphus microphyllus PHMI4PHCA Phoradendron californicum PHCA8PHAU Phragmites australis PHAU7PHAL Physocarpus alternans PHALA6PIDE Picrothamnus desertorum PIDE4PICA Pinus californianum PIMOCPIFL Pinus flexilis PIFL2PILO Pinus longaeva PILO







PIMO Pinus monophylla PIMOM2PIPO Pinus ponderosa scopulorum PIPOSPIMI Piptatheropsis micranthum PIMI7PLJA Pleuraphis jamesii PLJAPLRI Pleuraphis rigida PLRI3PLPL Pleurocoronis pluriseta PLPLPLSE Pluchea sericea PLSEPOCO Poa compressa POCOPOFE Poa fendleriana POFEFPOPR Poa pratensis POPRP2POSE Poa secunda POSEPOMA Polygala macradenia POMA7POAN Populus angustifolia POAN3POFR Populus fremontii POFRF3POTR Populus tremuloides POTR5POGR Porophyllum gracile POGR5POCR Potentilla crinita POCRC2PRGL Prosopis glandulosa torreyana PRGLTPRPU Prosopis pubescens PRPUPRFA Prunus fasciculata PRFAFPSSP Pseudoroegneria spicata PSSPSPSCO Psilostrophe cooperi PSCO2PSFR Psorothamnus fremontii PSFRFPSPO Psorothamnus polydenius PSPOPPUGL Purshia glandulosa PUGL2PUST Purshia stansburiana PUSTQUGA Quercus gambelii QUGAGQUTU Quercus turbinella QUTU2RHTR Rhus trilobata anisophylla RHTRARICE Ribes cereum RICEC2RIMO Ribes montigenum RIMO2ROWO Rosa woodsii ultramontana ROWOURULE Rubus leucodermis RULELSAME Salazaria mexicana SAMESAEX Salix exigua SAEXSAGO Salix gooddingii SAGOSALA Salix lasiolepis SALA6SAPA Salsola paulsenii SAPA8SADOC Salvia dorrii clokeyi SADOC5SADO Salvia dorrii dorrii SADOD3SANIC5 Sambucus nigra cerulea SANIC5SAVE Sarcobatus vermiculatus SAVE4SCAR Schismus arabicus SCARSCRI Scopulophila rixfordii SCRI2SESP Senecio spartioides SESPS2SEAR Senna armata SEAR8SIRA Sisyrinchium radicatum SIRA3SOSP Solidago spectabilis SOSPS6SPAM Sphaeralcea ambigua (sensu lato) SPAM2SPAN Sphaeralcea angustifolia SPAN3SPGR Sphaeralcea grossulariifolia pedata SPGRP2SPAI Sporobolus airoides SPAISPCR Sporobolus cryptandrus SPCRSTEL Stanleya elata STEL

Appendix 2 17






STPI Stanleya pinnata STPIPSTPA Stephanomeria parryi STPA3SUMO Suaeda moquinii SUMOSYLO Symphoriocarpos longiflorus SYLOSYOR Symphoriocarpos oreophilus parishii SYROPTARA Tamarix ramosissima TARATEAX Tetradymia axillaris (sensu lato) TEAXTECA Tetradymia canescens TECA2THMO Thamnosma montana THMOTICA Tiquilia canescens TICACTRMU Tridens muticus TRMUTYDO Typha domingensis TYDOULPU Ulmus pumila ULPUVAAC Valeriana acutiloba pubicarpa VAACPVIAR Vitis arizonica VIAR2YUBA Yucca baccata YUBAYUBR Yucca brevifolia YUBRYUEL Yucca elata YUELYUSC Yucca schidigera YUSC2ZIOB Ziziphus obtusifolia ZIOBC

1U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2013, USDA/NRCS PLANTS Database: National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA, accessed April 18, 2013, at http://plants.usda.gov.


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Prepared by the Sacramento Publishing Service Center.

For more information concerning this report, contact:

DirectorU.S. Geological SurveyNevada Water Science Center2730 N. Deer Run Rd.Carson City, NV [email protected]

Or, visit our Web site at:http://nevada.usgs.gov/water/

http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds827

ISSN 2327-638X (online)

Charlet and others—Vegetation D

atabase for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, N

evada—DS 827