vegetation benchmarks - dpipwe.tas.gov.au
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Vegetation Benchmarks Wet eucalypt forest and woodland
Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. Viminalis
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WBR Eucalyptus brookeriana wet forest
Community Description:
Eucalyptus brookeriana wet forest is dominated by E. brookeriana, which ranges in canopy height from
10-40m. The understorey is often made up of two layers, a tall, dense, mid-layer, and a layer of
variable density underneath. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of
the listed Eucalyptus brookeriana wet forest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 25 80 20 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 40 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 3 50
Shrub S 1 5
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 30
Ground fern GF 2 10
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 1 5
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 20
Total 7 10
WBR Eucalyptus brookeriana wet forest
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood
Eucalyptus brookeriana brookers gum
Eucalyptus delegatensis gumtopped stringybark
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia dealbata silver wattle T
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood T
Bedfordia salicina Tasmanian blanketleaf T
Leptospermum spp. teatree T
Melaleuca ericifolia coast paperbark T
Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T
Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T
Pomaderris apetala common dogwood T
Cassinia aculeata dollybush S
Monotoca glauca golden wood S
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma spp. swordsedge LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern MF
Billardiera spp. appleberry SCE
Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WDB Eucalyptus delegatensis forest with broadleaf shrubs
Community Description:
Eucalyptus delegatensis forest with broadleaf shrubs are tall wet forest (usually over 40m) with a
variable understorey dominated by broadleaf species, common dominants including Olearia argophylla,
Bedfordia salicina and Pomaderris apetala. At lower altitudes E. obliqua, E. viminalis and E. globulus may
occur as sub-dominant canopy species. E. nitida is the most common sub-dominant in the north-
west and west. On upland ranges and plateaux in northern and eastern Tasmanian and the Central
Highlands E. amygdalina is the most common sub-dominant. Herbs are usually low in abundance and
diversity as a result of low light intensity at ground level. The diversity and abundance of ground
ferns is high. In some instances this community is an early successional stage of E. delegatensis forest
with an understorey dominated by rainforest species (WBR).
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 90 17 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 45 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 7 40
Shrub S 6 5
Herbs and orchids H 4 1
Grass G 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 5
Ground fern GF 3 10
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 3 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5
Total 9 29
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus delegatensis gumtopped stringybark
Eucalyptus amygdalina black peppermint
Eucalyptus dalrympleana mountain white gum
Eucalyptus globulus Tasmanian blue gum
Eucalyptus nitida western peppermint
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Eucalyptus viminalis white gum
WDB Eucalypt delegatensis forest with broadleaf shrubs
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia spp. wattle T
Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T
Banksia marginata silver banksia T
Bedfordia salicina tasmanian blanketleaf T
Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T
Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T
Pomaderris apetala common dogwood T
Prostanthera lasianthos christmas mintbush T
Zieria arborescens stinkwood T
Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S
Coprosma spp. currant S
Cyathodes glauca purple cheeseberry S
Leucopogon spp. beardheath S
Olearia viscosa viscid daisybush S
Oxylobium ellipticum golden shaggypea S
Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S
Pultenaea spp. bushpea S
Richea spp. candleheath S
Sprengelia spp. swampheath S
Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S
Telopea truncata tasmanian waratah S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Drymophila cyanocarpa turquoise berry H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Chiloglottis spp. orchids H
Ranunculus spp. buttercup H
Senecio spp. groundsel H
Viola hederacea ivyleaf violet H
Deyeuxia spp. bentgrass G
Ehrharta spp. ricegrass G
Festuca spp. fescue G
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma elatius tall swordsedge LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Billardiera longiflora purple appleberry SCE
Clematis spp. clematis SCE
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WDL Eucalyptus delegatensis forest over Leptospermum
Community Description:
Eucalyptus delegatensis forest over Leptospermum is tall wet Eucalyptus delegatensis forest type
characteristic of areas with impeded drainage. The understorey is dominated by tall Leptospermum
species (predominantly L. lanigerum). In some instances, this community is an early successional stage
toward E. delegatensis forest over rainforest (WDR). However the nature of the sites indicates this
succession may be stalled or very slow in some situations.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 90 17 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 45 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 2 60
Herbs and orchids H 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 1
Ground fern GF 2 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 10
Total 5 9
WDL Eucalyptus delegatensis forest over Leptospermum
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus delegatensis gumtopped stringybark
Eucalyptus dalrympleana mountain white gum
Eucalyptus nitida western peppermint
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Atherosperma moschatum (eastern
central highlands) sassafras T
Hakea spp. needlebush T
Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree T
Nothofagus cunninghamii (eastern
central highlands) myrtle beech T
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Australina pusilla shade nettle H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Libertia pulchella grassflag H
Pterostylis spp. greenhood H
Viola hederacea ivyleaf violet H
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Juncus spp. rush LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Gleichenia microphylla scrambling coralfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 2
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 22 December 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WGK Eucalyptus globulus King Island forest
Community Description:
Eucalyptus globulus King Island forest is wet forest on King Island dominated by Eucalyptus globulus,
with E. brookeriana* as a sub-dominant, or occasional co-dominant tree. The canopy is open-
crowned and rarely exceeds 30 m. The community may have a woodland structure (see TASVEG
DKW) and, in areas of better drainage on sandy soils, may grade into patches of tall, dry scrub with
emergent mallee-form E. viminalis to 20 m (see TASVEG SSK). This is the appropriate benchmark to
use in assessing the condition of the forest component of the listed Eucalyptus globulus King Island
forest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 25 70 20 -
Organic Litter 50% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 35 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 8 20
Shrub S 5 15
Herbs and orchids H 10 5
Grass G 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 4 5
Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 3 1
Ground fern GF 5 5
Tree fern TF 2 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 4 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5
Total 10 44
WGK Eucalyptus globulus King Island forest
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus brookeriana brookers gum
Eucalyptus globulus Tasmanian blue gum
Eucalyptus viminalis white gum
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia spp. wattle T
Hedycarya angustifolia australian mulberry T
Leptospermum scoparium common teatree T
Melaleuca ericifolia coast paperbark T
Melaleuca squarrosa scented paperbark T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T
Pomaderris apetala common dogwood T
Aristotelia peduncularis heartberry S
Coprosma quadrifida native currant S
Pimelea spp. riceflower S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Brachyscome spp. daisy H
Dichondra repens kidneyweed H
Drymophila cyanocarpa turquoise berry H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Lagenophora stipitata blue bottledaisy H
Mazus pumilio swamp mazus H
Pelargonium australe southern storksbill H
Austrodanthonia spp. wallabygrass G
Ehrharta stipoides weeping grass G
Carex appressa tall sedge LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma spp. tall swordsedge LSR
Isolepis spp. clubsedge MSR
Juncus spp. rush MSR
Schoenus spp. bogsedge MSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hypolepis rugosula ruddy groundfern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Cyathea australis rough treefern TF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE
Muehlenbeckia gunnii forest lignum SCE
Hibbertia empetrifolia scrambling guineaflower SCE
Parsonsia brownii twining silkpod SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WGL Eucalyptus globulus wet forest
Community Description:
Eucalyptus globulus wet forest occurs mainly within lower slopes and gullies in moderate rainfall areas
on well-drained sites. It is characteristically dominated by an even-aged stand of tall Eucalyptus
globulus over a tall broad-leaved shrub layer with a prominent ferny understorey. Sedges are
sometimes prominent. Trees can exceed 50 m on fertile sites. In gullies in lower rainfall areas
heights are more typically 30 – 40 m.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 80 30 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 40 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 5 70
Shrub S 5 10
Herbs and orchids H 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 5
Ground fern GF 2 10
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 3 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 1
Total 8 21
WGL Eucalyptus globulus wet forest
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus globulus tasmanian blue gum
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia dealbata silver wattle T
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood T
Acacia verticillata prickly moses T
Bedfordia salicina tasmanian blanketleaf T
Beyeria viscosa pinkwood T
Cassinia aculeata dollybush T
Coprosma quadrifida native currant T
Notelaea ligustrina native olive T
Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T
Pomaderris spp. dogwood T
Goodenia ovata hop native-primrose S
Olearia lirata forest daisybush S
Olearia viscosa viscid daisybush S
Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Stellaria flaccida forest starwort H
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma elatius tall swordsedge LSR
Lepidosperma ensiforme arching swordsedge LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Cyathea australis rough treefern TF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Billardiera longiflora purple appleberry SCE
Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE
Ctenopteris heterophylla gypsy fern SCE
Grammitis billardierei common fingerfern SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WNL Eucalyptus nitida forest over Leptospermum
Community Description:
Eucalyptus nitida forest over Leptospermum is a tall wet eucalypt forest dominated by Eucalyptus nitida
up to 30- 40m tall, typically with a dense secondary layer of Leptospermum and/or Melaleuca species.
The understorey may be sparse, but is more commonly dense, with Gahnia grandis, Gleichenia
microphylla and Bauera rubioides commonly occurring, together with rainforest shrubs such as
Anopterus glandulosus.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 30 80 30 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 40 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 5 70
Shrub S 3 5
Herbs and orchids H 3 1
Grass G 1 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 15
Ground fern GF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 1 5
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5
Total 8 16
WNL Eucalyptus nitida forest over Leptospermum
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus nitida western peppermint
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia mucronata caterpillar wattle T
Acacia verticillata prickly moses T
Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T
Leptospermum glaucescens smoky teatree T
Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree T
Leptospermum nitidum shiny teatree T
Melaleuca squarrosa scented paperbark T
Monotoca linifolia nodding broomheath T
Monotoca submutica mountain broomheath T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Oxylobium ellipticum golden shaggypea T
Pomaderris apetala common dogwood T
Zieria arborescens stinkwood T
Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S
Boronia spp. boronia S
Coprosma nitida mountain currant S
Leptecophylla spp. pinkberry S
Drymophila cyanocarpa turquoise berry H
Galium australe tangled bedstraw H
Hydrocotyle spp. pennywort H
Deyeuxia spp. bentgrass G
Ehrharta spp. wiregrass G
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Gleichenia microphylla scrambling coralfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Empodisma minus spreading roperush SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WOB Eucalyptus obliqua forest with broadleaf shrubs
Community Description:
Eucalyptus obliqua forest with broadleaf shrubs are tall to very tall forest communities typically with
an understorey composed of broadleaved shrubs, the most common including Pomaderris apetala,
Nematolepis squamea and Olearia argophylla, with a high proportion of ground ferns. This community
is widely distributed in moderate to high rainfall areas on a variety of substrates.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 90 18 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 45 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 7 40
Shrub S 6 5
Herbs and orchids H 4 1
Grass G 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 5
Ground fern GF 3 10
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 3 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5
Total 9 29
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Eucalyptus amygdalina black peppermint
Eucalyptus brookeriana brookers gum
Eucalyptus dalrympleana mountain white gum
Eucalyptus delegatensis gumtopped stringybark
Eucalyptus globulus Tasmanian blue gum
Eucalyptus nitida western peppermint
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Eucalyptus viminalis white gum
WOB Eucalyptus obliqua forest with broadleaf shrubs
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia spp. wattle T
Anopterus glandulosus tasmanian laurel T
Banksia marginata silver banksia T
Bedfordia salicina tasmanian blanketleaf T
Cenarrhenes nitida native plum T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Olearia spp. daisybush T
Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T
Pomaderris spp. dogwood T
Prostanthera lasianthos christmas mintbush T
Zieria arborescens stinkwood T
Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S
Coprosma spp. currant S
Leucopogon spp. beardheath S
Olearia viscosa viscid daisybush S
Oxylobium ellipticum golden shaggypea S
Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S
Pultenaea spp. bushpea S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Drymophila cyanocarpa turquoise berry H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Chiloglottis spp. orchids H
Ranunculus spp. buttercup H
Senecio spp. groundsel H
Viola hederacea ivyleaf violet H
Deyeuxia spp. bentgrass G
Ehrharta spp. ricegrass G
Festuca spp. fescue G
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma elatius tall swordsedge LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Billardiera longiflora purple appleberry SCE
Clematis spp. clematis SCE
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WOL Eucalyptus obliqua forest over Leptospermum
Community Description:
Eucalyptus obliqua forest over Leptospermum is a tall forest dominated by Eucalyptus obliqua over a
secondary tree/tall shrub layer of Melaleuca squarrosa or species of Leptospermum. Other tall shrub
or tree species include Nematolepis squamea and Acacia verticillata. The ground layer is sometimes
sparse but more often is a dense tangle of Bauera rubioides, Gahnia grandis, Gleichenia microphylla and
Restionaceae species.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 90 18 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 45 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 2 60
Herbs and orchids H 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 2 1
Ground fern GF 2 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 10
Total 5 9
WOL Eucalyptus obliqua forest over Leptospermum
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia verticillata prickly moses T
Leptospermum lanigerum woolly teatree T
Leptospermum spp. teatree T
Melaleuca squarrosa scented paperbark T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Bauera rubioides wiry bauera S
Australina pusilla shade nettle H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Libertia pulchella grassflag H
Pterostylis spp. greenhood H
Viola hederacea iyleaf violet H
Baloskion spp. cordrush LSR
Empodisma minus spreading roperush LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern GF
Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF
Gleichenia microphylla scrambling coralfern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WOR Eucalyptus obliqua forest over rainforest
Community Description:
Eucalyptus obliqua forest over rainforest has a tall to very tall canopy dominated by Eucalyptus obliqua
over a mature rainforest understorey. On fertile sites the rainforest is callidendrous, with Nothofagus
cunninghamii and/or Atherosperma moschatum predominating over an tree ferns and ground ferns with
a relatively high diversity and abundance of epiphytic ferns. The rainforest becomes increasingly
thamnic as fertility decreases, and secondary dominants may include Eucryphia lucida and Phyllocladus
aspleniifolius. On the flood banks of the major southern and western rivers, the rainforest canopy
may also include Lagarostrobos franklinii and an increased diversity of understorey shrubs. The
community is widespread in the higher rainfall areas of Tasmania and is the penultimate stage of
succession of E. obliqua wet eucalypt forest to rainforest.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 90 18 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 45 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 8 50
Shrub S 2 5
Herbs and orchids H 2 1
Ground fern GF 4 10
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 5 5
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 30
Total 7 23
WOR Eucalyptus obliqua forest over rainforest
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acradenia frankliniae whitey wood T
Anodopetalum biglandulosum horizontal T
Anopterus glandulosus Tasmanian laurel T
Atherosperma moschatum sassafras T
Eucryphia lucida leatherwood T
Lagarostrobos franklinii huon pine T
Leptospermum spp. teatree T
Melaleuca spp. paperbark T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T
Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T
Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper T
Telopea truncata tasmanian waratah T
Trochocarpa gunnii fragrant purpleberry T
Coprosma quadrifida native currant S
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Libertia pulchella pretty grassflag H
Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern GF
Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Asplenium bulbiferum mother spleenwort SCE
Grammitis spp. fingerfern SCE
Hymenophyllum spp. filmyfern SCE
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern SCE
Prionotes cerinthoides climbing heath SCE
Rumohra adiantiformis leathery shieldfern SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 2 November 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WRE Eucalyptus regnans forest: broadleaf facies
Community Description:
Eucalyptus regnans forest with broadleaf shrubs are tall to very tall forest communities with a
broadleaf, wet sclerophyll understorey. The understorey is typically composed of broadleaved
shrubs, with a high proportion of ground ferns. This is one of two benchmarks available to assess the
condition of WRE. It is the appropriate benchmark to assess the broadleaf facies of this community.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 45 100 18 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 50 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 8 80
Shrub S 4 20
Herbs and orchids H 1 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 5
Ground fern GF 6 10
Tree fern TF 1 10
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 3 5
Total 7 24
WRE Eucalyptus regnans forest: broadleaf facies
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark Drier and more frequently burnt or less fertile
margins of E. regnans forests
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia dealbata silver wattle T
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood T
Bedfordia salicina Tasmanian blanketleaf T
Cassinia aculeata dolly bush T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Notelaea ligustrina native olive T
Olearia spp. daisybush T
Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T
Pomaderris apetala dogwood T
Prostanthera lasianthos christmas mintbush T
Zieria arborescens stinkwood T
Coprosma quadrifida currant S
Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S
Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Chiloglottis spp. orchids H
Geranium potentilloides mountain cranesbill H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Senecio spp. groundsel H
Urtica incisa scrub nettle H
Viola hederacea ivyleaf violet H
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily LSR
Gahnia grandis cutting grass LSR
Lepidosperma elatius tall swordsedge LSR
Blechnum spp. waterfern GF
Ctenopteris heterophylla gypsy fern GF
Grammitis spp. finger ferns GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hymenophyllum spp. filmy ferns GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Billardiera longiflora purple appleberry SCE
Clematis spp. clematis SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 2 November 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WRE Eucalyptus regnans forest: rainforest facies
Community Description:
Eucalyptus regnans forest over rainforest has a tall to very tall canopy over a mature rainforest
understorey. The rainforest is callidendrous, with Nothofagus cunninghamii and/or Atherosperma
moschatum predominating over an open understorey of tree ferns and ground ferns with a relatively
high diversity and abundance of epiphytic ferns. The community is found in fertile areas with a
reliable summer rainfall (>50 mm). At its penultimate stage E. regnans may only form a 5% emergent
canopy over mature rainforest. This is one of two benchmarks available to assess the condition of
WRE.
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 25% - - - -
Large Trees - 60 120 18 -
Organic Litter 90% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 60 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 7 90
Shrub S 2 15
Herbs and orchids H 1 1
Medium to small sedge/rush/sagg/lily MSR 1 1
Ground fern GF 6 20
Tree fern TF 1 5
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 1 1
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 30
Total 8 20
WRE Eucalyptus regnans forest: rainforest facies
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood T
Anopterus glandulosus Tasmanian laurel T
Atherosperma moschatum sassafras T
Eucryphia lucida leatherwood T
Nematolepis squamea satinwood T
Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T
Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T
Phyllocladus aspleniifolius celerytop pine T
Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T
Pomaderris apetala dogwood T
Coprosma quadrifida native currant S
Pimelea drupacea cherry riceflower S
Tasmannia lanceolata mountain pepper S
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Urtica incisa Stinging nettle H
Dianella tasmanica forest flaxlily MSR
Asplenium bulbiferum mother spleenwort GF
Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern GF
Blechnum wattsii hard waterfern GF
Grammitis spp. fingerfern GF
Histiopteris incisa batswing fern GF
Hymenophyllum spp. filmyfern GF
Hypolepis spp. groundfern GF
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF
Rumohra adiantiformis leathery shieldfern GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Clematis spp. clematis SCE
Vegetation Condition Benchmarks version 1
Wet Eucalyptus Forest and Woodland
Last reviewed - 5 July 2016
Tasmanian Vegetation Monitoring and Mapping Program
Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment
http://www.dpipwe.tas.gov.au/tasveg
WVI Eucalyptus viminalis wet forest
Community Description:
Eucalyptus viminalis wet forest is a wet sclerophyll community typically with an understorey mixture
of small and broadleaf species, which occurs mainly on fertile, well-drained sites. The dominant
species, Eucalyptus viminalis generally forms an even aged stand of tall and well-formed trees. Trees
can exceed 60 m on fertile sites. Old-growth stands are uncommon - most stands are regrowth to
40 m. In sites that are drier or have a higher fire frequency the understorey may be lower and more
sparse. This is the appropriate benchmark to use in assessing the condition of the listed Eucalyptus
viminalis wet forest community (Schedule 3A, Nature Conservation Act 2002).
Benchmarks:
Component Cover % Height (m) DBH (cm) #/ha Length
(m)/0.1 ha
Canopy 30% - - - -
Large Trees - 40 80 25 -
Organic Litter 70% - - - -
Logs - - ≥ 10 - 40
Large Logs - - ≥ 40 - -
Recruitment Episodic
Understorey Life Forms LF code # Spp Cover %
Tree or large shrub T 5 40
Shrub S 3 10
Herbs and orchids H 2 1
Large sedge/rush/sagg/lily LSR 1 5
Ground fern GF 2 20
Scrambler/Climber/Epiphytes SCE 1 5
Mosses and Lichens ML 1 5
Total 7 15
WVI Eucalyptus viminalis wet forest
*This list is provided as a guide only. The species listed are typical of this plant community type but may not necessarily be
present.
Species lists:
Canopy Tree Species Common Name Notes
Eucalyptus viminalis white gum
Eucalyptus delegatensis gumtopped stringybark
Eucalyptus obliqua stringybark
Eucalyptus regnans giant ash
Typical Understorey Species * Common Name LF Code
Acacia melanoxylon blackwood T
Acacia verticillata prickly moses T
Atherosperma moschatum sassafras T
Bedfordia salicina Tasmanian blanketleaf T
Bursaria spinosa prickly box T
Cassinia aculeata dollybush T
Coprosma quadrifida native currant T
Leptospermum spp. teatree T
Melaleuca spp. paperbark T
Monotoca glauca goldey wood T
Nothofagus cunninghamii myrtle beech T
Olearia argophylla musk daisybush T
Pittosporum bicolor cheesewood T
Pomaderris apetala common dogwood T
Lomatia tinctoria guitarplant S
Olearia lirata forest daisybush S
Pultenaea juniperina prickly beauty S
Acaena novae-zelandiae common buzzy H
Geranium spp. cranesbill H
Gonocarpus spp. raspwort H
Hydrocotyle hirta hairy pennywort H
Oxalis perennans grassland woodsorrel H
Stellaria spp. starwort H
Gahnia spp. sawsedge LSR
Lepidosperma spp. swordsedge LSR
Blechnum nudum fishbone waterfern GF
Microsorum pustulatum kangaroo fern GF
Polystichum proliferum mother shieldfern GF
Pteridium esculentum bracken GF
Dicksonia antarctica soft treefern TF
Clematis aristata mountain clematis SCE