vat lieu bao bi sinh hoc

8/13/2019 Vat Lieu Bao Bi Sinh Hoc

1/23

Polime phn hysinh hcvtlibao b sinh hc

GVHD: TS. onThThuHVTH:

NguynThHoa

NguynThHiLNg ThMin


2/23

tvn

By gi ngi dn quen s dng bao b nha ng khi i siu th mua sm hay trong sinh hot hng ngy. Tht ai bit rng, ng sau s tin li ca nhng chic ti nhvn nn v mi trng.

Vit Nam mi nm s dng khong na triu tn cht dlm bao b nha v con s ny ngy mt tng.


3/23

tvn Theo thng k s b ca B Ti nguyn Mi trng, trung bnh 1 ng

ngi tiu dng phi s dng t nht 1 ti nilon.

Nilon: thi gian phn hy 50 nm nh hng khng nh n mi

Nha nhitdo phi mt t nht t 10 n 30 nm,thm ch l 1 th kth phnhy ht.

t nhim khng kh

Chn lp tn t, nh hng ngun nc ngm Ti ch tn kinh ph + hiu qu kinh t thp

Chnh v nhng l do trn m cc nh khoa hc trn th gii ang tmliu thay th v mt s nh nghin cu a ra sn phm bao b t

Tuy nhin, nhng sn phm phn hy sinh hc li c gi thnh cao


4/23

Bao b sinh hcBao b sinh hc l sn phm t nguyn liu t nhin , c th l

c tch trc tip t sinh vt hay polymer tng hp t cc monomgc sinh hc , hay cc hp cht hu c thin nhin c bin i.

Bao b t vt liu sinh hc phi p ng c cc tiu chun nhchng thm, c tnh quang hc, tnh co gin, c th ng du hoc dng, khng nhit v ha cht, tnh n nh cng nh thn thin vi

v c gi c cnh tranh. Hn na,phi m bo cht lng v an tophm.


5/23

Qu trnh phn hycapolyme phn hysinh hc


6/23

MT S LOI VT LIU

Hin nay, vt liu bao b sinh hc ch yu t polymer sinh hc chng h

Tinh bt,cellulose, protein, pullulan, gelatinv cc monomer t chln men.

- Vt liu t tinh bt.

- Vt liu t Cellulose.

- Vt liu t Chitin v Chitosan.


7/23

VT LIU TINH BT

1. yl ngunnguyn liuphong ph, c snv rtin.

2. C 3 loipolymerphitrn:

Poly(hydroxy lalkanoates) (PHA)

Polylactic acid (PLA)

Thermoplastic tinhbt(TPS).


8/23

VtliuPLAPolylactic axithocpolylactide( PLA) l mtnhanhitd

bo c ngungctcc ngunti to, chnghn,btrcy, ho(ng,bp), hocma. Axit lactic cchto( thng qua ln m

l ngsnphmcaqu trnh xay tng.

Chu , ngita snxutPLA chyudavo nguyn libp.


9/23

PLA thng c blend vi tinh bt gia tng phn hy sinh hc v Tuy nhin, gin ca blend PLA-TB l nhc im c bn trong ng dphc nhc im ny, ngi ta s dng cht ha do KLPT thp nh glyxtrietyl citrate.

PLA khng c khuyn khch tip xc nhiu vi thc phm do phng pphng php ln men.

ng dng PLA lm nhng sn phm p nng nh cc ung, khay ng thhp ng v l trng cy. Vt liu c tnh cht c hc tt, cho php thay thtrong mt s trng hp.


10/23

Vt liu PHAs (Poly(hydroxylalkanoates- Polyhydroxyalkanoates hoc PHAs l polyeste thng c sn xut tron

bng cch ln men vi khun ng hoc cht bo.

- PHAs c tnh cht thay i trong di rng, t rn, dn, n do ty thucthc gc R v thnh phn polyme. Nu gc R=CH3th ta c PHB c Tmcho mng v cht do PHB gin, nn cc copolyme vi mc xch ankyl kl R=C2H5ta c PHV c a chung hn c, cc anhkyl c x= 3-6 do chn, tng bn v dai cao m vn phn hy sinh hc tt.


11/23

Vt liu PHAs (Poly(hydroxylalkanoatesC 2 phng php tng hp PHA:

- Phng php ln men: nguyn liu nh bp, ng, sn gluco

nh VSV tng hp PHA tinh ch c c v phi kh trong

- Qu trnh tng hp: da trn s pht trin PHA trong t bo cy trc tip polyeste vo t bo, ph thuc vo VSV v qu trnh canhhomo-hay copolyesters vi axit hydroxyalkanic khac nhau c tly nha t cy trng ( bng cch ph v cc t bo) tm cch loTn km.


12/23

Vt liu PHAs (Poly(hydroxylalkanoates PHAs thng mi thng dng nht l copolymer PHB/PHV cng cht h

mm v ph gia v c nh TiO2v CaCO3.

Shin v cc cng s (1997) cho thy rng PHB/PHV phn hy gn nh h20 ngy cy trong dch tiu ha ym kh. Cn iu kin chn m phnphn hy trong 6 thng

Mt u im ca PHA so vi PLA l kh nng t phn hy ca n rt cahp.Khi c t vo mi trng sinh vt t nhin th n t phn hy th

nc. iu ny c nhiu ng dng trong cuc sng


13/23

Vt liu TPS (thermoplastic Starches)

- Nhngpolyme ny ctora ttinhbtbp,lam,khoai ty c c

nhitdo.- Tinhbtlin ktvicc Polyme tnghpkhc,vihm lngtinh

lnhn50% stonn cc loiplastic m pngnhu cuthtr

A, EAA(copolyme l ethylen-acrylic acid):

cnghin cutnm1977.Nhcimcaloiplastic ncmvisthay icami trng, dbrch trtv khng chon ton vivi sinh vt.


14/23

Vt liu TPS (thermoplastic Starches)

B, Starch/vinyl alcohol copolymers:

- imhnchcanhngvtliuny l gin v nhycmvim.

- Cchphn hy:

Thnhphntnhin: d cche chnbicutrc mngnhngvnenzyme cavi sinh vt.

Thnhphntnghpcphn hydo shpphbmtcavi sinh

trngcho sthyphn cc thnhphntnhin.


15/23

Vt liu TPS (thermoplastic Starches)C, Aliphatic polyesters:

- Polyester bo c imtan chythpkh tothnh vtliunhitdov th

trntinhbtvipolyester bo scithinnhcimny. Skthpntnh c,gimsnhycmvincv tngkhnngphn hy.


16/23

Vt liu t CelluloseCellulose l ngun nguyn liu phong ph khng ha tan trong nc v hu h

hu c.

Cellophane(giy bng knh) l mt trong nhng dng ph bin ca bao b t dng cho nhiu loi thc phm bi tnh chng thm du,kh nng ngn cnvi khun,tnh trong sut ca n

Ngoi ra, Cellulose acetate c kt hp vi tinh bt to nn plastic d phvt.Cellulose cng kt hp vi Chitosan to mng c kh nng thm kh v

Vt liu bao b t cellulose dng bo qun mt s loi rau qu d b h ho, du ty, nm.


17/23

Vt liu t Chitin v ChitosanChitin c tng hp ch yu bi cn trng,tm cua v nm si.l m

bn vng to b khung ngoi bo v cho chng.Chitin khi kh mt nhm Chitosan,Chitin v chitosan l 2 loi polyme ph hp to mng v dng

- Chitin (Poly-N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine ): (C8H13NO5)n

- Chitosan (Poly-(1-4)-2-Amino-2-deoxy-b-d-glucan): (C6H11O4N)n


18/23


19/23

BAO B PHN HY SINH HC MADE IN VI2.Nhm nghin cu ca Trng H Khoa hc t nhin TP.HCM va ch to

loi vt liu sn xut bao b t hy hon ton trong mi trng t nhin btinh bt sn kt hp vi nha PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) cng c tnh cht t

cht n l khong st phn tn kch thc nanomet (ng dng cng ngnhn xt ca PGS.TS H Thc Huy, gii php ny cho php vt liu thu phn hy 100% trong mi trng chn lp t nhin. Kt qu thc nghimkh nng chu ko, chu x khng km cc loi nha thng thng v khidng na th loi vt liu c tn gi nanocomposite ny cng sn sng mmt thi gian ngn chn lp, cc vi sinh vt c sn trong t n ngon

ny sau ... bin mt.

Vt liu nanocomposite ang t phsau ba thng chn trong t - nh ds Trng Phc Ngha cung cp


20/23

BAO B PHN HY SINH HC MADE IN VI3. CTCP Bao b Vafacomt n v thnh vin ca Tng Cng ty Vn ha Si

cu sn xut sn phm bao b t hy v n thng 2/2011 sn xut thnh c

hy sinh hc. y l loi ti t hy sinh hc c sn xut t nha HDPE vcht ph gia reverte (nhp t Anh).Cc nh khoa hc n t cc trng i hnh H Khoa hc t nhin, H Cng nghip, H Bch khoa v Qu Ti chxc nh hm lng cht ph gia 1% nn kh nng gy c hi khng cao, ngth yn tm s dng loi ti sinh hc ny.

KT LUN


21/23

KT LUN

Vn thn thin vi mi trng ngy cng c coi trng nhng gi c vn l nhng yu t quan trng. Ngy nay, gi ca nhiu loi vt li

gn nh bng hoc vt hn mt cht so vi PET v PA, ngoi tr PHAs,ln plastic truyn thng.

Cc nghin cu khoa hc tm ra mt lng ln cc vt liu sinh hbao b thc phm nhng vic ng dng chng vn cn nhiu hn ch.


22/23

Ti liutham kho[1]. http://lib.tvu.edu.vn/index.php/khoahoctunhien/hoa/483-vt-liu-polyme-p

hc.html

[2]. http://luanvan.net.vn/luan-van/de-tai-vat-lieu-bao-bi-bioplastic-37969/

[3]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polylactic_acid

[4]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyhydroxyalkanoates

[5]. http://gianhangvn.com/baobinhuape/gioi-thieu-2nd101702.html

[6]. http://www.caosuviet.com/NewsDetail/Bao-b%C3%AC-tu-huy-1204010

[7] .http://www.scpc.com.vn/zone/106/news/512-cty-cp-bao-bi-vafaco-sx-ba


23/23

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