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Central Region VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019

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Page 1: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

Central Region

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019

Page 2: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS
Page 3: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

(Cover page) SRA Mackay-based Senior Technician, Chris Tom, at a variety field day at the station.

HOW TO USE THIS GUIDEThis guide is designed to help growers in the Central canegrowing region with their agronomic considerations when selecting new varieties to plant and trial on their farms. The information comes from the best available data of regional variety performance and disease ratings. The information in the tables will help you understand:

ISSN 2208-7680 (Online) ISSN 2208-7672 (Print) © Copyright 2018 by Sugar Research Australia Limited. All rights reserved. No part of the Variety Guide 2018/19 Central Region (this publication), may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Sugar Research Australia Limited. Sugar Research Australia Limited acknowledges and thanks its funding providers, including levy payers (sugarcane growers and millers), the Commonwealth Government, and the Queensland Government (Department of Agriculture and Fisheries). Disclaimer: In this disclaimer a reference to ‘SRA’, ‘we’, ‘us’ or ‘our’ means Sugar Research Australia Limited and our directors, officers, agents and employees. Although we do our very best to present information that is correct and accurate, we make no warranties, guarantees or representations about the suitability, reliability, currency or accuracy of the information we present in this publication, for any purposes. Subject to any terms implied by law and which cannot be excluded, we accept no responsibility for any loss, damage, cost or expense incurred by you as a result of the use of, or reliance on, any materials and information appearing in this publication. You, the user, accept sole responsibility and risk associated with the use and results of the information appearing in this publication, and you agree that we will not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever (including through negligence) arising out of, or in connection with the use of this publication. We recommend that you contact our staff before acting on any information provided in this publication. Warning: Our tests, inspections and recommendations should not be relied on without further, independent inquiries. They may not be accurate, complete or applicable for your particular needs for many reasons, including (for example) SRA being unaware of other matters relevant to individual crops, the analysis of unrepresentative samples or the influence of environmental, managerial or other factors on production.

WANT TO KNOW WHAT IS HAPPENING IN THE OTHER REGIONS?You can find all the regional variety guides on the SRA website

www.sugarresearch.com.au

New & Recent Varieties Available in the CENTRAL Region 5

Disease Resistance 10

Harvest Management 11

Variety Adoption in each Mill Area 12

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone Map 16

Propagating New Varieties 17

Planting and Managing Tissue-cultured Plantlets in the Field 18

Page 4: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

4 VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region4

Page 5: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

New Variety Recommendation and Release Process

Regional Variety Committees (RVC) have replaced Variety Approval Committees (VAC) in line with changes to Queensland biosecurity legislation. With membership drawn from growers, millers and productivity service groups specific to the region, the RVCs will continue to be responsible for variety release decisions. SRA supports these groups with secretariat support and the provision of technical information to assist the committee making decisions on particular varieties.

RVCs are composed of voting and non-voting members to ensure transparency in the decision making process.

The Central RVC (Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 3) voting membership consists of one grower representative from Proserpine, Mackay and Plane Creek. A voting representative from Wilmar and Mackay Sugar also sit on the RVC. The Central RVC requires a majority vote for progression of a variety through the breeding program and a unanimous vote for the release of a variety.

Presented below are the results of trials conducted in the Central region. Yield (TCH) and CCS for each new variety are compared with the trial results of various standard varieties.

Variety: SRA13A QC02-223 Parentage: QC88-284 x QC90-289 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS

TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS

YIELD (TCH) CCS # OF HARVESTSSRA13 Q208A Q200A Q238A SRA13 Q208A Q200A Q238A

(2012 series FATs): 2013 Plant 93 84 85 88 17.8 17.9 17.5 18.1 3

2014 1R 96 92 86 98 18.0 18.2 17.9 18.2 3

2015 2R 70 72 65 75 18.0 18.1 18.1 17.9 3

(2016 series FATs): 2017 Plant 64 69 63 17.4 17.8 17.1 4

Overall performance 79 78 * 80 17.8 18.0 * 17.8 13

Available 2018

Comments:

SRA13A is resistant to pachymetra and leaf scald and has intermediate resistance to smut. It has equal TCH against current commercial cane varieties. CCS is equal to current standards.

*Q200A was only evaluated in the 2012 series FAT and can only be compared against those particular plant and ratoon crops.

Variety: SRA12A QC05-390 Parentage: Q233A x QC90-289 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; lower CCS

TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS

YIELD (TCH) CCS # OF HARVESTSSRA12 Q208A Q183A Q238A SRA12 Q208A Q183A Q238A

(2011 series FATs): 2012 Plant 108 92 101 15.6 16.9 16.1 4

2013 1R 95 91 92 17.4 18.4 18.1 4

2014 2R 86 87 82 17.1 17.9 17.6 4

(2014 series FATs): 2015 Plant 104 96 89 98 15.4 16.9 16.8 16.7 3

2016 1R 94 104 101 96 14.9 16.6 16.8 16.6 3

2017 2R 76 91 86 87 16.7 18.2 18.1 17.7 3

Overall performance 94 93 92 * 16.3 17.5 17.2 * 21

Available 2018

Comments:

SRA12A is resistant to pachymetra and leaf scald and has intermediate resistance to smut. It has equal TCH and lower CCS when compared to current commercial cane varieties.

*Q238A was only evaluated in the 2014 series FAT and can only be compared against those particular plant and ratoon crops.

NEW & RECENT VARIETIES AVAILABLE IN THE CENTRAL REGION

If you would like more information on new variety release and regional variety committees, please visit the SRA website: www.sugarresearch.com.au/growers-and-millers/varieties/regional-variety-committees/

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region 5

Page 6: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

Variety: Q253A QA01-5153 Parentage: QN80-3425 x Q209A / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; lower CCS.

(2016 SERIES FATS): 2017

CROP CLASS

YIELD (TCH) CCS # OF HARVESTSQ253A Q208A Q240A Q238A Q253A Q208A Q240A Q238A

Soil Type

Wet Heavy Black Clay Plant 49 56 48 48 16.5 17.7 17.4 16.6 1

Solodic Plant 95 102 96 95 16.6 17.4 17.0 17.0 1

Sandy Loam Plant 35 35 32 26 19.0 19.9 19.5 18.9 1

Podzolic/Soloth Plant 83 81 79 83 15.3 16.2 16.2 15.9 1

Overall performance 66 69 64 63 16.8 17.8 17.5 17.1 4

Available 2018

Comments:Only plant cane data available - comparison made against soil type for 2016 FAT data only.

Q253A has equal TCH, lower CCS, intermediate for pachymetra and resistant to smut.

Variety: Q252A QA00-3093 Parentage: Q208A x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS.

TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS

YIELD (TCH) CCS # OF HARVESTSQ252A Q208A Q183A Q238A Q252A Q208A Q183A Q238A

(2010 series FATs): 2011 Plant 87 72 89 84 16.0 16.4 15.3 16.3 2

2012 1R 87 81 88 83 17.9 17.9 17.7 17.3 3

2013 2R 80 71 81 78 18.7 18.7 18.5 18.5 3

(2012 series FATs): 2013 Plant 86 84 86 88 18.1 17.9 17.6 18.1 3

2014 1R 89 92 86 98 18.4 18.2 17.9 18.2 3

2015 2R 63 72 63 75 18.2 18.1 18.1 17.9 3

(2016 series FATs): 2017 Plant 61 69 63 17.7 17.8 17.1 4

Overall performance 78 77 * 80 17.9 17.9 * 17.7 21

Available 2017

Comments:Q252A has equal TCH, higher CCS, intermediate for pachymetra and smut.

*Q183A was only evaluated in the 2010 and 2012 series FAT’s and can only be compared against those particular plant and ratoon crops.

Variety: Q250A QN00-1511 Parentage: QN79-183 x QN89-1043 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; higher CCS.

TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS

YIELD (TCH) CCS # OF HARVESTSQ250A Q183A Q208A Q238A Q250A Q183A Q208A Q238A

(2013 series FATs): 2014 Plant 86 88 77 85 17.9 17.2 17.1 17.0 3

2015 1R 91 92 94 94 19.4 18.4 18.1 18.3 3

2016 2R 90 91 96 92 17.5 17.6 17.2 16.5 3

Overall performance 89 90 89 90 18.2 17.7 17.5 17.3 9

Available 2017

Comments:Q250A has equal TCH, higher CCS when compared to the current standards, resistant to smut and leaf scald, intermediate- susceptible for pachymetra.

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region6

Page 7: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

SRA13A

Q252A Q253A

SRA12A Q250A

For more information on variety field trials contact:

Central Variety Officer Brendan Rae E [email protected] M 0409 268 224

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region 7

Page 8: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region8

Varieties form the foundation of SRA’s work to improve the profitability, productivity, sustainability of Australia’s sugarcane industry. Every year SRA plants around 100,000 new seedlings as potential varieties for the future.

Varieties form the foundation of SRA’s work to improve the profitability, productivity, sustainability of Australia’s sugarcane industry. Every year SRA plants around 100,000 new seedlings as potential varieties for the future.

Page 9: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

9VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region

Page 10: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

Central Disease Ratings

VARIETY SMUT PACHYMETRA LEAF SCALD CHLOROTIC STREAK

ORANGE RUST

BROWN RUST RED ROT YELLOW

SPOTFIJI LEAF

GALL MOSAIC RSD

SRA13A I R R R R R

SRA12A I R R R I I I

SRA9A I-S R R R I-R I R

Q253A R I R R I-S I S S R S

Q252A I I R R R I I R I-R

Q250A R I-S R I I I-R S I-R I-R

Q249A R I R R I-R R I-R S

Q247A I R R R R S R R S

Q242A I R R I R I-R R R R S

Q240A R I R I-R R R I I-S R I-R

Q238A R R R S R R I-R S I-R R I

Q232A R I R R R I-R R I R I

KQ228A R I R S R R R I I R S

Q226A R I-R R R I-S R R R R I

Q212A R R R R R I-S R S I-R R I

Q209A S R R R R I-S I-R R

Q208A I-R I R R R R R R I-S R I-R

Q200A R I R I R R R I-R I R I-R

Q190A I R R R I-R R I-S R R I-R

Q183A I-R R I S R R I I-S R R I

Q177A R S R I R I-R R I-R I-R I

Q171 R S R R R I R S I

Q138 S R R I-R R R I-S I R I-S S

Q135 I I R S R R S R R S I-R

Q96 I I-S I-R R R R R R S R S

SP80-1816

I-S R R R R R R

Disease has the potential to lower the performance of varieties on your farm. This table will help you select varieties that will perform well given the diseases that may be present on your farm. White indicates unknown.

DISEASE RESISTANCE

Resistant (R) Resistant -Intermediate (I-R) Intermediate (I) Intermediate- Susceptible (I-S) Susceptible (S)

Rotation of varieties is important in the management of diseases. Arrange for your local productivity services officer to inspect your farm for disease. The Diseases of Australian Sugarcane Field Guide provides information on diseases including how to identify and manage them. The guide is available on the SRA website www.sugarresearch.com.au

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region10

Page 11: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

Free Free-Average Average Average-Tight Tight

Trashing

HARVEST MANAGEMENT

Select varieties for a harvest plan that can be followed to maintain maximum CCS throughout the year. The charts below indicate early, mid or late sugar varieties.

Maximise your profit at harvest: Selecting varieties for specific sugar maturity profiles, planting and harvesting them for optimal CCS maturity at time of harvest can make a significant difference in the profit your crop can make for you. Making harvest decisions based on in-field maturity maximises profit making decisions.

Good Average Low Poor Unknown

Central Harvest Management

VARIETY EARLY SUGAR MID SUGAR LATE SUGAR TRASHING LODGING TOLERANCE

SRA13A Poor Poor Poor Free- Average Poor

SRA12A Average Average Average Average - Tight Unknown

SRA9A Poor Average Good Average - Tight Average

Q253A Unknown Unknown Unknown Free- Average Unknown

Q252A Average Good Good Free Average

Q250A Unknown Unknown Unknown Free- Average Unknown

Q249A Average Average Average Free Poor

Q247A Average Average Average Free- Average Unknown

Q242A Good Good Good Average - Tight Unknown

Q240A Average Good Good Free- Average Average

Q238A Good Good Good Free- Average Good

Q232A Average Average Average Free- Average Average

KQ228A Good Good Poor Free- Average Average

Q226A Average Average Average Average Average

Q212A Poor Poor Average Free- Average Unknown

Q209A Average Average Average Average Average

Q208A Good Good Good Free Average

Q200A Average Good Good Free Average

Q190A Poor Poor Poor Free Good

Q183A Average Good Good Free- Average Average

Q177A Average Poor Poor Unknown Average

Q171 Average Poor Poor Average Average

Q138 Poor Poor Poor Unknown Unknown

Q135 Poor Average Good Unknown Average

Q96 Average Average Average Unknown Average

SP80-1816 Poor Average Average Average - Tight Good

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region 11

Page 12: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

MILL AVG TSH (9.03)

MILL AVG TCH (66.03)

The Proserpine Mill area harvested 1,434,068 tonnes from 21,720 hectares in 2017. The mill average CCS increased to 13.67, up from 12.69 in 2016 and the average TCH was 66.

Q208A remains the most dominant variety for the region at 29% of total tonnage harvested in 2017, a reduction from 33.3% in 2016.

Q183A remains steady at 18.6% of total harvested cane. Q240A has increased from 11.5% in 2016 to 17.6% tonnes harvested in 2017, whilst KQ228A declined to 5.0% of total harvested cane.

Q252A, Q247A, Q240A & KQ228A all performed above mill average for TCH.

Q252A, KQ228A, Q208A, Q200A & Q183A all performed above mill average for CCS.

Q208A

Q183

A

Q240A

Q232A

Q242 A

KQ228A

Q238

A

Others

Q208A - 28.7% Q183A - 18.6% Q240A - 17.6% Q232A - 14.0% Q242A - 5.5% KQ228A - 5.0% Q238A - 3.1% Q212A - 1.6% Q138 - 1.4% Q200A - 1.2% Q249A - 0.9% Q226A - 0.7% Q190A - 0.7% Q247A - 0.4%

Proserpine Mill (% TONNES 2017)

VARIETY ADOPTION IN EACH MILL AREA

Data below can be found in QCANESelect® under the regional reporting tab. Use this information to assess yield performance of varieties over a number of years. Caution should be taken when comparing commercial performance of newer varieties (from plant and young ratoons) to older/established varieties (which include older ratoons).

Q208A Q183A Q240A Q232A Q242A KQ228A Q238A Q212A Q200AQ138A Q249A Q226A Q247A Q252AQ190A

Proserpine Mill (TCH & TSH 2017)

10 TONNES OF CANE HECTARE (TCH)

1 TONNE OF SUGAR HECTARE (TSH)

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region12

Page 13: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

MILL AVG TSH (9.78)

MILL AVG TCH (74.29)

Mackay Sugar Mills reported 4,973,781 tonnes of cane harvested from 66,949 hectares in 2017. The mill average TCH was 74 and mill average CCS was 13.16.

Q208A remains the most popular variety for this mill region contributing 35.5% to the total tonnes harvested, down slightly from 39.3% in 2016. Q240A surpassed Q183A in 2017 as the second most favoured variety at 16.3%. Q242A remains steady at 8.3% and Q238A adds 2.1% to the total harvest. KQ228A has lost some ground declining to 6.7% in 2017.

Q252A , Q249A, Q240A, Q238A and SP80-1816 all performed above mill average for TCH. Q252A, Q240A, Q208A and Q183A all exceeded mill average figures for TSH.

Q208A - 35.5% Q240A - 16.2% Q183A - 13.7% Q242A - 8.3% Q232A - 7.2% KQ228A - 6.7% Q138 - 4.2% SP80-1816 - 3% Q238A - 2.1% Q249A - 0.9% Q226A - 0.8% Q252A - 0.4% Q200A - 0.2% Q135 - 0.2% Q209A - 0.1%

Mackay Sugar Mills (% TONNES 2017)

Q183A

Q242A

Q232 A

KQ228 AQ138O

thers

SP80-

1816

Q2

40

A

Q208 A

Q208A Q240A Q183A Q242A Q232A KQ228A Q138A SP80-1816

Q249AQ238A Q226A Q252A Q135A Q209AQ200A

Mackay Sugar Mills (TCH & TSH 2017)

10 TONNES OF CANE HECTARE (TCH)

1 TONNE OF SUGAR HECTARE (TSH)

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region 13

Page 14: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

MILL AVG TCH (66.89)

MILL AVG TSH (9.38)

Q208A Q183A Q240A KQ228A Q138A Q232A Q238A Q242A Q226AQ200A Q247A Q249A Q252AQ209A

Plane Creek (TCH & TSH 2017)

10 TONNES OF CANE HECTARE (TCH)

1 TONNE OF SUGAR HECTARE (TSH)

The Plane Creek region harvested 1,171,547 tonnes from 17,515 hectares in 2017. The mill average CCS was 14.02 up from 12.96 in 2016, whilst mill average TCH was 67.

Q208A remains the most dominant variety for this mill area accounting for 31.3% of total harvest. Q183A increased to 25.5% of the mill harvest whilst KQ228A declined to 7.2%. Q240A increased to 8.1% up from 4.5% in 2016.

Q252A, Q247A, Q242A, Q240A and Q183A all performed abover mill average TCH.

Standout performers for TSH were Q252A, Q247A, Q240A and Q183A. The four varieties that performed above mill average for CCS were Q252A, Q247A, Q240A & Q208A.

Q208A

Q183

A

Q240A

Q232A

Q238

A

Others

Q208A - 31.3% Q183A - 25.5% Q240A - 8.1% KQ228A - 7.2% Q138 - 6.5% Q232A - 6.0% Q238A - 4.6% Q242A - 4.5% Q200A - 1.8% Q226A - 1.2% Q247A - 0.7% Q249A - 0.6% Q209A - 0.5%

Plane Creek (% TONNES 2017)

Q208 A

Q18

3A

Q240A

Q138

Q232 A

Q238AQ

242A

Others

KQ228A

The top five Australian varieties in 2017 were Q208A, Q183A, Q240A, KQ228A, and Q232A, representing a combined 73 percent of the entire crop.

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region14

Page 15: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

For more information please visit: www.sugarresearch.com.au

15VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region

Page 16: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

latitude 27 degrees 40 minutes south

latitude 26 degrees 50 minutes south

long

itud

e 15

2 de

gree

s

34 m

inut

es e

ast

long

itud

e 15

2 de

gree

s

53 m

inut

es e

astKilcoy

Woodford

Peachester

Nambour

Mount Mee

Bellthorpe

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 6: Woodford special

• All appliances (harvesters and other sugarcane machinery) moving between sugarcane biosecurity zones must:

> be free of cane trash and soil

> be inspected by an authorised inspection person who will issue a Plant Health Assurance Certificate (PHAC)

> be accompanied during transportation by the PHAC.

N

SUGARCANE BIOSECURITY ZONE MAP

• Machinery moving from NSW to Qld requires a Plant Health Certificate issued by NSW Department of Primary Industries.

• Machinery inspections can be arranged by contacting the local Productivity Service organisation.

• To move sugarcane plants (stalks, leaves, potted plants, etc) between biosecurity zones contact Biosecurity Queensland (13 25 23).

latitude 13 degrees 45 minutes south

latitude 11 degrees 49 minutes south

Brisbane

Rocky Point

Bundaberg

Gladstone

Mackay

Townsville

Cairns

Coen

Weipa

latitude 19 degrees 15 minutes south

latitude 20 degrees 33 minutes south

latitude 23 degrees 27 minutes south

latitude 27 degrees 37 minutes south

latitude 19 degrees 53 minutes south

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 1: Coen to Townsville

Far Northern Biosecurity Zone 1

Far Northern Biosecurity Zone 2

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 2: Townsville to Abbot Point

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 3: Abbot Point to Rockhampton

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 4: Rockhampton to Victoria Point

Sugarcane Biosecurity Zone 5: Victoria Point to NSW/QLD border

New South Wales

Cooktown

Innisfail

Ingham

Charters Towers

Ayr

Richmond

Nambour

Maryborough

Kilcoy

Toowoomba

Georgetown

Bowen

Howard

Tully

Collinsville

Rockhampton

Woodford special

VARIETY GUIDE 2018/2019 Central Region16

Page 17: VARIETY GUIDE - Sugar Research Australia · Variety: Q252 A AQA00-3093 Parentage: Q208 x Q96 / Summary: Equal tonnes cane; equal CCS. TRIAL HARVEST YEAR CROP CLASS YIELD (TCH) CCS

Billet planting

PLANT MATERIAL FROM AN APPROVED SEED SOURCE

Approved-seed provides cane growers with disease-free seed of varieties that are true-to-type. Disease-free seed (stalks, billets, setts or tissue culture plantlets used for planting) is a key control measure for systemic diseases of sugarcane, including chlorotic streak, Fiji leaf gall, leaf scald, mosaic, ratoon stunting disease (RSD) and smut. Provision of disease-free or approved-seed in each mill area in the Australian sugar industry is coordinated by SRA, in cooperation with the local productivity services group. SRA provides a disease-free supply of DNA fingerprinted new varieties. The local productivity services group multiplies the new varieties, maintaining the disease-free status and distributes the approved-seed to growers.

GROW SUGARCANE SPECIFICALLY FOR PLANTING MATERIAL

The block selected for growing plant material should be disease-free, weed-free and sugarcane volunteer-free. When selecting cane for planting material the cane should be less than one year old, erect and free from damage. Plan for two or more eyes per sett when harvesting for billets or stick planting. For non-irrigated regions plants should be well watered, have adequate nutrition immediately prior to harvest for billet planting. For irrigated regions you may need to reduce fertiliser rates, withhold irrigation or plant late in the season. The cane should also have originated from an approved seed plot and therefore be no more than three years away from long hot water treatment.

The best “whole farm” disease risk minimisation and productivity strategies can be achieved through consistent access to clean seed. It is highly recommended that cane considered for use as planting material be RSD tested well in advanced of harvest so an informed choice can be made prior to planting.

SET UP THE HARVESTER FOR CUTTING HIGH QUALITY SOUND BILLETS

Rubber coating rollers and optimising the roller speeds to chopper speed will produce good quality billets with minimal split or crushed ends and damaged eyes. Reduce the speed of harvesting and maintain sharp basecutter and chopper blades for clean cutting. Disinfect the machinery used to cut and plant new varieties to limit the spread of disease and weeds.

For more information on varieties, contact:

SRA Adoption Officer Tracy Hay E [email protected] T 07 4056 4527

For more information on tissue culture, contact:

SRA Tissue Culture Manager Clair Bolton E [email protected] T 07 4783 8619

Tissue culture

CALCULATE HOW MUCH TISSUE CULTURE TO ORDER

We’ve made it easier with our online tissue culture calculator. It demonstrates the speed at which large quantities of planting material can be produced from a set number of plantlets or for a set cost. Below is a look-up table including common results from the calculator (available at sugarresearch.com.au/calculator).

TRY TISSUE CULTURE AS AN APPROVED CLEAN SEED SOURCE

Tissue culture is an excellent source of clean seed for all varieties and can help reduce the spread of serious diseases such as ratoon stunting disease, smut and Fiji leaf gall. Tissue-cultured plantings are more uniform and produce more sticks than conventional plantings so larger quantities of planting material are achieved the following year. This means earlier commercial-scale production of more productive new varieties can be achieved when using tissue culture.

STAGEORDER DEADLINE FOR SPRING PLANTING

ORDER DEADLINE FOR AUTUMN PLANTING

Grower finalises order. Productivity services group places order with SRA.

15 November 2018 1 July 2019

Productivity services group receives established plantlets from nursery and distributes to growers.

Delivery on agreed date between grower, productivity services group and nursery. Available in August 2019.

Delivery on agreed date between grower, productivity services group and nursery. Available in March 2020.

ESTIMATED COST AND TIME TO SCALE UP NEW VARIETY PRODUCTION USING TISSUE CULTURE

Yr 1

No. plantlets ordered 100 250 500 1000

Approximate cost $150 $375 $750 $1500

M row planted @ 0.8m 80 200 400 800

Yr 2

M row available for planting 2400 6000 12000 24000

Ha avail for planting @ 1.8m 0.4 1.1 2.2 4.3

Mackay Area Productivity Services (MAPS): T 07 4963 6830

Sugar Services Proserpine Ltd: T 07 4945 0513

Plane Creek Productivity Services Ltd: T 07 4956 1488

PROPAGATING NEW VARIETIES

Contact your local productivity services group for regional advice on varieties. They can supply clean planting material of recommended varieties and place orders for tissue culture plantlets.

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PLANTING AND MANAGING TISSUE-CULTURED PLANTLETS IN THE FIELD

Planting

• Prepare soil to a fine tilth to ensure good soil/root contact.

• A seedling planter can be used if one is available, although hand planting small numbers is not a huge job. Plant them deep at the bottom of a drill to prevent stool tipping.

• Fill in after early growth.

• Plant the plantlets 500 mm to 1 m apart. A good distance is 800 mm, which will allow tillering to produce a high number of sticks.

Irrigating

• Provision of water is the most critical factor for the successful establishment of tissue culture plantlets.

• Irrigate plantlets immediately after planting and monitor them to ensure they don’t dry out over the first three weeks to get the roots well established.

• If you do not have access to flood or sprinkler irrigation a simple irrigation system can be set up using cheap drip tape and an in-line filter hooked up to your garden tap or water tanker.

Insects

• If you expect problems with insects then an application of an insecticide drench (such as chlorpyrifos or imidacloprid) at planting will protect the young plantlets.

• In canegrub-prone areas use your standard grub control treatment.

Fertiliser

• Fertiliser requirements of the tissue cultured plantlets are the same as for billet plantings.

• If possible, plant with a planter mix to maintain good early growth, and side-dress later to avoid fertiliser burn.

Weeds

Weed control is important for good establishment and growth.

• Ideally pre-irrigate the soil to germinate weeds, then apply a knock-down herbicide or cultivate just prior to planting to reduce the weed pressure on young plantlets.

• Allow at least one week after planting before applying pre-emergent herbicides, longer if planted into cold, wet soils, as the root system needs time to establish:

> Atradex® at 2.5 kg/ha plus Dual Gold® at 1.5 L/ha has been successfully applied over the top, for grass and broadleaf weed control.

> Do not use diuron as young plantlets are sensitive to this product.

• Sempra® at 100 g/ha plus Activator at 200 mL/100 L for nutgrass. Both applications were sprayed over the top for nutgrass control.

• Do not use paraquat unless you have no other option and only on established plantings.

QCANESelect®

• Using sugarcane varieties that are best-suited to your farm may help maximise its productivity and profitability.

• QCANESelect® is an online tool that allows you to review, compare and select varieties for use on each block on your farm.

• To access QCANESelect® and the tissue culture calculator visit the SRA website www.sugarresearch.com.au

• The information in QCANESelect® is updated regularly based on our most recent trials and from observations and experiences of varieties that are growing in the field.

• Once you have identified the best varieties for planting on your farm, contact your local productivity services group to place orders for tissue-cultured plantlets.

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Sugar Research Australia Limited

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Head Office 50 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly QLD 4068 AustraliaPostal Address PO Box 86 Indooroopilly QLD 4068 Australia

T 07 3331 3333 F 07 3871 0383E [email protected] sugarresearch.com.au