variants and varieties of english - course 4
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VARIANTS AND
VARIETIES OFENGLISH
AMERICAN ENGLISH VS.BRITISH ENGLISH
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Modern English
Modern Englishsince 1550 (Great Vowel Shift)
Over 1 billion speakers of English as a first orsecond language
regionswhich adopted English: North America,India, Africa, Australia, New Zealand (theCommonwealth)
E. is spoken in the following territories: UK,
Ireland, Canada, USA, Australia, New Zealand,India, Pakistan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Singapore,South Africa
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Globish and English dialects
Globish(global+English)Jean-Paul Nerriere = asubset of standard English grammar, and a list of 1500English words (Dont speak English, parlez globish,2004)
Standard English(non-native) educated Englishspeaker
Received Pronunciation(a.k.a BBC English)
English dialects: American E., Australian E., British E.
(Cockney, Kentish, Yorkshire Scottish, Welsh etc),Canadian E., Caribbean E., Hiberno-E., Indo-PakistaniE., Nigerian E., New Zealand E., Phillippine E.,Singaporean E., South-African E.,
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British vs. American English (1)
A.E.longest period of cultural andpolitical independence from London
Differences in: 1. Pronunciation
2. Spelling
3. Grammar 4. Vocabulary
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PronunciationBE AE
(a:)
e.g. dance (da:ns)
()
e.g. (dns)
After d, t, th (j) before (u)
e.g. student (stju:dent)
After d, t, th (j) before (u)
e.g. student (stu:dent)
r mute before consonants
e.g. art (a:t)
r pronounced before consonants
e.g. art (art)
t between vowels pronounced (t)
e.g. water (w :t)
t between vowels pronounced (d)
e.g. water (w :d)
Final syll. ile = (ail)
e.g. missile (misail)
Final syll. ile = (l)
e.g. missile (misl)
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SpellingBE` AE
Final syll. -our e.g. neighbour Final syll. -or e.g. neighbor
Termination -ence e.g. offence Termination -ense e.g. offenses
termination -re e.g. centre Termination -er e.g. center
Termination -ise e.g. to organise Termination -ize e.g. to organize
Termination -logue e.g. catalogue Termination -log e.g. catalog
Termination -gramme e.g.
programme
Termination -gram e.g, program
Group ill e.g. travelling Group il e.g. traveling
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Grammar
BE AE
Have you got?To getgotgot
Do you have?To getgotgotten
Present perfect
e.g. I have alreadywritten a letter
Familiar: Past Tense
e.g. I already wrote aletter
Adverb
e.g. he writes awfully
Adjective
e.g. He writes awful
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VocabularyBE AE
Food: biscuit Cookie
Chips French fries
Cooker Stove
Crisps Chips
Mince Hamburger meat
Maize Corn
Sweets Candy
Tin Can
Jug Pitcher
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Vocabulary (2)BE AE
Transportation: car park Parking lot
Filling station Gas station
Lorry TruckMotorway Highway, freeway
Number plate License plate
Petrol Gas(oline)
Pavement Sidewalk
Railway Railroad
Underground Subway
Traffic lights Stop ligts
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Vocabulary (3)BE AE
Nature: autumn Fall
Insect Bug
Clothes: handbag Purse
Trousers Pants
Dressing-gown Bathrobe
Braces SuspendersOther: at home Home
Bookshop Bookstore
Chemists Drugstore
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Vocabulary (4)
BE AEDustbin Garbage can
Film Movie
Flat Apartment
Ground floor First floorLift Elevator
Luggage Baggage
Post Mail
Prison JailToilet Restroom
Rubber Eraser
Shop assistant Sales clerk
Post code Zip code
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Vocabulary (5)
BE AE
Taxi Cab
Mo thru Fr Mo to Fr inclusive
Ring Call (phone)
First floor Second floor
Line QueueHolidays Vacation
Give way Yield
Aluminium Aluminum
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American slangAE BE
Yummy! Tasting good
Hangout Pub
Hit me! Another beer, please
Tube Television
You bet! Of course
Shades Sun glasses
Tough shit Bad luck
Play dirty Be unfair
Four-letter words Invectives
Good job! Well done!
Park your but! Sit down!
Zany, wild, jazzed, tough, hot, cool good