value of neonicotinoid insecticides in ms cotton

Value of Neonicotinoid Insecticides In MS Cotton

Jeff Gore – MSU, DREC, Stoneville

What are Neonicotinoids?• A class of insecticides that work on the nicotinic

acetylcholine receptors.Systemic Nerve Poisons

• Examples:– Imidacloprid (Admire Pro, Gaucho, Aeris, etc.)– Thiamethoxam (Centric, Cruiser, Avicta, etc.)– Clothianidin (Belay, Nipsit INSIDE, Poncho)– Acetamiprid (Intruder)

What are they used for?• Seed Treatment: Thrips

• Foliar Spray: Tarnished Plant Bug, Cotton Aphid

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Foliar Insect Control: MS DeltaC

ost (

$ pe

r Acr

e)

BollgardBWE

Resistance

Applications for Tarnished Plant Bug

19861988

19901992

19941996

19982000

20022004

20062008

2010

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Hills Delta

No.

Per

Acr

e

93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 080

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2BidrinTobacco BudwormAcephate

Lb a

i / A

Evolution of Insecticide Use Rates

1.1 3.1 5.2 4.9 3.2 7.5 5.5 6.5 60

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

Aph

id A

pplic

atio

nsCorrelation Between Lygus Control and Aphid Control

Lygus Applications

r = 0.8401

1 3.1 5.2 4.9 3.2 7.5 5.5 6.5 60

0.20.40.60.8

11.21.41.61.8

2

Mite

App

licat

ions

Correlation Between Lygus Control and Mite Control

Lygus Applications

r = 0.9634

Why is it important to know their value?

• European Union uses the Precautionary Principle

• U.S. EPA uses a Risk-Benefit analysis

• Currently, a lot of research focused on the risks of all insecticides, but little research on their benefits

Declining Pollinator Health• Several proposed causal mechanisms

– Viral pathogens– Parasitic mites– Pesticides

• Many agrichemical compounds have been detected in honey bee wax and pollen samples of bees managed near agricultural environments.

• Dow AgroSciences

• Sulfoxaflor

• Section 18 in 2012

• Section 3 Registration in 2013

• 0.7-2.88 oz/A

• True Bugs:cotton aphid, tarnished plant bug

Tarnished Plant Bug• Key pest of cotton in the Mid-South

• Average 6-7 sprays per acre annually

• Highs range from 10-15

• Often high rates and tank mixes

Recommended InsecticidesClass Examples Resistance

Pyrethroid Ammo, Karate, Brigade, etc.

Yes

Organophosphate Bidrin, Acephate YesCarbamate Vydate YesNeonicotinoid Centric, Admire Pro,

IntruderNo

IGR Diamond NoSulfoxamine Transform NoPyridine Carboxamide

Carbine No

ObjectiveTo determine the value of neonicotinoid

insecticides in Mid-South cotton

Materials and Methods• Treatments:

1) No Neonicotinoids

2) Neonicotinoids

3) Neonicotinoids + Sulfoxaflor

• Planted: May 20, 2013 – Bollgard II

• Harvested: October 11, 2013

Materials and Methods• Plots Scouted twice per week

• Insects controlled based on MSU recommendations/thresholds

• All other agronomic practices were the same across treatments (Fertilizer, Herbicides, Defoliant, Irrigation, etc.)

Neonicotinoids No Neonics Neonics + Trans-form

0

1

2

3

4

1

3

1Num

ber

Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonThrips Sprays

Insecticides Used - ThripsNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris (Imidacloprid) Aeris (Imidacloprid) Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene

(1.1 lbs)Bidrin (3.2 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz) Dimethoate (6.4 oz)

Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Imidacloprid (2.0 oz) Acephate (0.22 lbs)

Centric (2.0 oz) Transform (1.5 oz) Bidrin (3.2 oz)

Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Imidacloprid (2) + Diamond (6) Acephate (0.55 lbs)

Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Transform (1.5) Vydate (17 oz)

Endigo (5.5) + Portal (16) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Diamond (6)

Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4) Bidrin (8) + Carbine (2) + Portal (16)

Zeal (1 oz)

Acephate (1.1) + Bifenthrin (6.4)

Bidrin (8) + Diamond (6)

Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonTarnished Plant Bug

25-Jun 5-Jul 15-Jul 25-Jul 4-Aug 14-Aug 24-Aug 3-Sep0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350Neonics (6) No Neonics (7) Transform (7)

Perc

ent o

f Thr

esho

ld

=Spray triggered for tarnished plant bug

Value of Neonicotinoids in MS CottonSpider Mites (0=None, 1=Low, 2=Spray, 3=Very High)


0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5Neonics (1) No Neonics (2) Transform (0)

Rat

ing

(0-3

)

=Spray triggered for spider mite

Value of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton Cotton Aphid (0=None, 1=Low, 2=Spray, 3=Very High)


0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3Neonics (1) No Neonics (1) Transform (0)

Rat

ing

(0-3

)

=Spray triggered for cotton aphid

Insecticides Used – Pre-FlowerNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris Aeris Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene








Zeal (1 oz)



Insecticides Used –FloweringNeonics Neonics + Transform No NeonicsAeris Aeris Fungicide + Nematicide + Orthene








Zeal (1 oz)




0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

3.01

6.3

2.63

Poun

dsValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton

Active Ingredient per Acre


$0.00

$40.00

$80.00

$120.00

$160.00

$200.00

$114.66

$186.14

$99.22

Dol

lars

per

Acr

eValue of Neonicotinoids in MS Cotton

Insecticide + Application Costs


14701475148014851490149515001505151015151520

1514

1487

1505

Lbs

Lint

per

Acr


Yield

NS


$740.00$760.00$780.00$800.00$820.00$840.00$860.00$880.00$900.00$920.00

$887.15

$800.52

$896.51

Dol

lars

per

Acr


Gross Returns (Cotton = $0.7818)

~ $90.00

Fixed Costs – MSU Budgethttp://www.agecon.msstate.edu/whatwedo/budgets/docs/MSUDELTA13.pdf

• Seed• Technology Fees (Bollgard II/Roundup Flex)• Fungicide/Nematicide Seed Treatments• Fertilizer• Scouting• Weed Control• Plant Growth Regulators• Eradication• Defoliation• Labor• Diesel and Maintenance• Other Fixed Costs (Equipment, etc.)• Gin & Haul


-$30.00-$20.00-$10.00

$0.00$10.00$20.00$30.00$40.00$50.00

$42.15

-$21.49

$42.76

Dol

lars

per

Acr


Net Returns

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2Mid-South Others

Mill

ion

Acr

es P

lant

edCotton Acres from Selected States

USDA-NASS

Initial decline due tocommodity prices

Input Costs

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2Mid-South Others

Mill

ion

Acr

es P

lant

edCotton Acres from Selected States

USDA-NASS

Without Neonicotinoids

Acknowledgements• Larry Falconer, MSU Extension Economist

– Economic analysis

• Chip Graham, Bayer CropScience– Provided seed with the different seed treatments

• Cotton Incorporated

• National Cotton Council

• MSU MAFES and ES

Jeff Gore, Delta Research and Extension Center(662) 820-9969

value of neonicotinoid insecticides in ms cotton

Documents

tarnished plant bugno

numbervalue of neonicotinoids

ms deltacost

class of insecticides

lygus control

midsouth cotton materials

ms cottonspider mites

thrips foliar spray