Value addition of TeaFrom Pre harvest to Post harvest Name Vivek Yadav

Dept. of HorticultureSIKKIM UNIVERSITY

INTRODUCTION

• Tea is the second most popular consumed drink in the world after water. It is a pleasant, popular, socially accepted, economical and safe drink that is enjoyed every day by hundreds of millions of people across all continents. Tea is globally one of the most popular and cheapest beverages with major production centres in India, China, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Turkey & Vietnam.it provides employment to more than one million workers. India is largest producer, consumer, exporter of tea in world

Queen of beverage cropScientific name : Camellia sinensisFamily: Theaceae

Benefits of Tea

Tea is a zero calorie healthy beverage

Successfully used to deliver nutrients

Good carrier for herbs/ vitamins/other

Production Map of India

Kangra

Darjeeling

Assam

Dooars

Nilgiri

Munnar

Market overview, Production, Export

Source: Tea Board of India

Value addition steps and supply chain

Service/Policy

• 50% subsidy for purchase of vehicle.

• 100% subsidy for setting up of leaf collection sheds with a ceiling limit of Rs.30,000/-

• Actual cost will be reimbursed for purchase of Plastic crates, leaf carry bags and weighing machines.

• 25% subsidy for purchase of Pruning Machines subject to ceiling limit of Rs.5,000/- per machine for one Self Help Groups.

• Quality Tea Procurement and Service centres into Tea Producers’ Societies

In order to encourage the small growers form Tea Producers’ Society (TPS) Tea Board under the 10th plan period has given special subsidies for setting up of TPS.

• Support • Information• Fund• Policy• Subsidy

Services

• Resistant• High yielding• Climate suitable• Disease free

Planting material

• Weeding • Pruning/Traning• Fertilizer• Irrigation

I/C operation

Pre Harvest value addition

Planting Material

• Infilling biclonal seed stocks, UPASl : BSS–I to BSS-5.

• Graft combinations such as

UPASI–3 / UPASI–2, UPASI–3 / UPASI6, UPASI-8 / UPASI-2.

• Clones like UPASI-2,TRI.2025, ATK-1, W-35,SA-6 and C–1.

• Drought prone areas ATK-1, TRI-2025

• Wind prone areas: CR–6017 and UPASI-26

Planting System

• About 13,000 plants are planted in one hectare following double hedge system of planting (spacing: 135 X 75 X 75 cm). One year old plants are planted in pits with a dimension of 30 X 45 cm.

• The selected plants for planting should have 14 to 16 healthy mature leaves

Organic culture

Organic manure: Composting, Vermicompost, Biodynamics, Nitrogen fixation in Temi tea garden: Crotolaria, Lemon grass. other Neem rich material

e.g. Neem cakes, castor cakes Nursery to raising planting material organically Integrated animal husbandry Propagation: sections are clonal and seedlings; propagated by single node leaf cutting Control of paste and diseases in the organic tea garden: use extract of plant like neem,

banmara, dhutra by foliar application; spray of Sishnu jhol, Lime spray, Nemagold Methods of weed control in Temi tea garden: Mulching, Manual weeding Shade tree in Temi tea garden: Dhuppi (Cryptomeria spp.); Paiyun (Prunus spp.); Ghora

neem (Melia azedarach); Cassia siamea; Acacia auriculiformis; Crotolaria spp.

Harvesting

Course Plucking Fine Plucking

Fine plucking we harvest only the bud, second and third leaves so that we get the most from a harvest of tea. Harvesting tea needs to be done in the early morning. This type of harvesting tea makes very fine and delicate flavoured tea. It is usually lighter and sweeter in taste.

Coarse plucking technique produces a lower quality of tea than fine plucking. In coarse plucking you will also harvest the bud but will include more than two leaves whilst harvesting the tea. This is generally done at a very fast pace. This technique of harvesting tea makes a stronger flavour tea than that of fine plucking

Technology /Invention

Withering troughs

Green leaf sifter

Green Leaf shredder

Orthodox roller

Orthodox roller

Fermentation drum

Continuous fermenting machine

Vibro fluid bed drier

Combination drier

Fibre extractor

Sorter

Fluid bed drier

ECP drier:

Continuous fermenting machine

Research and Development

• In India research and development work is mainly done by four pioneer institutes:

UPASI

DTRC

Tocklai (Assam)

IHBT

ISTS

Tea Research Foundation, Kenya

Chinese Tea Research Institute, China

Objective of R&D

Objective of R&D:

Yielding variety

Disease Resistant

Pest Resistant

Good tea stimulate :Tenin,Theol,Thein

Organic practices

Economic standard

Grading

D- Dust Fanning

BOP FOP

OP Golden

Tippy

Processing Methods

CTC

OrthodoxLight Strength Tea

Strong Strength

Packaging Transporting Marketing

Plywood Chest

Polythene bag

Fabric bag

Paper bag

Jute bag

Wooden box

Metal box

Ship, truck, railroad, aircraft (transport of sample chests to port of destination for purposes of comparison). Tea, especially Darjeeling, is increasingly being transported by air and is known as "air freighted" tea. Tea is predominantly transported in standard containers

Domestic

International

Different Value Added Products

INSTANT TEA

SPECIALITY AND HERBAL TEAS

TEA EXTRACT

USE AS DYE

USE AS A DETERGENT

TEA SEED OIL

BIO-MANURE

Other value added products Jasmine tea

Rose tea

Ginger tea

Tulsi tea

Herbal tea

Lemon tea

Green tea

Black tea

oolong tea

Royal tea

Instant tea

slim tea

Ever spring tea

Mint tea

Thanking you Main Sources :Tea Board of India,UPASI,DTRC,IHBT