validity of the ppi:sf and the tripm using the capp as a concept map
TRANSCRIPT
AP-LS Portland, OR | March 2013!
Validity of the PPI:SF and the TriPM using the CAPP as a Concept Map!
Alana N. Cook., Simone Viljoen, Stephen D. Hart, Brianne K. Layden, Ashley A. Murray, & Charlotte R. McGinnis
Acknowledgements
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCEPTULIZATION
Traits of Psychopathic Personality Disorder: are heterogeneous are complex are ‘continuous’ not ‘categorical’ change overtime mimicked by other conditions differ in expression across gender, age & culture inherently contradict self-report in youth?
Psychopathy is a personality disorder.
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Hart & Cook (2012)
Concept ≠ Operational Definition
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSIS
Structured Diagnostic Interview!• SCID-II (First et al., 1995)!• IPDE!
Self-Report Test!• MMPI-2/RF (Butcher et al., 1989; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008)!• PAI (Morey, 1991)!• PPI-R/SF (Lilenfeld & Widows, 2005; Lilienfeld, 2004)!• Tri-PM (Patrick, et al., 2010)!
Expert Rating Scale!• PCL-R (Hare, 1991)!• PCL:SV (Hart et al., 1995)!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
SELF-REPORT OF PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY
Some optimism for self-report in clinical test batteries!
Varying correlations among psychopathy measures!
Assessing for both traits and functional impairment!
Incorporating differential diagnoses!
Dissimulation in self-report assessment!
WHY SELF-REPORT OF PPD MAY BE A PROBLEM!
Lilienfeld & Fowler (2006). The self-report assessment of Psychopathy: Problems, pitfalls, and promises. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.). Handbook of Psychopathy.
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Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
CAPP
COMPREHENSIVE!• Domains (e.g., attachment & cognitive)!
DYNAMIC!• Current severity & impairment!
(Cooke, Hart, Logan, Michie, 2004)
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
CAPP
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Big Five Personality Research
Openness!
Conscientiousness!
Extraversion!Agreeableness!
Neuroticism!
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METHOD
Self-report on CAPP Traits, PPI:SF, & TriPM • N = 257 • 40% Male • M age 20, SD = 2.00, range 17-23
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Race/Ethnicity! % identified!Asian (Chinese, Japanese, etc.) 44.7
Black (African, Caribbean, etc.) 1.6
Aboriginal /First Nations (Inuit, Metis, etc.) 1.2
South Asian (East Indian, Pakistani, etc.) 20.2
White (Eastern/Western European, etc.) 26.8
South East Asian (Vietnamese, Filipino, etc.) 7.0
Other 7.4
* total does not = 100% because participates could select multiple ethnicities
Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Results: TOTAL SCORES WERE SIG. CORRELATED
PPI:SF Total! TriPM Total!CAPP Total! .50**! .58**!** p < .01
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
N = 257
Results: PPI TOTAL SCORES WERE SIG. CORRELATED with CAPP Domains
PPI:SF Total! TriPm Total!CAPP Total! .50**! .58**!CAPP Attachment! .39**! .49**!CAPP Behaviour! .59**! .64**!CAPP Cognitive! .33**! .41**!CAPP Dominance! .47**! .54**!CAPP Emotional! .25**! .36**!CAPP Self! .40**! .44**!CAPP Foils! -.37**! -.31*!
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* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
Results: PPI F1 v. F2 and the CAPP Domains
PPI Factor 1! PPI Factor 2!CAPP Total! .05! .60**!CAPP Attachment! .00! .45**!CAPP Behaviour! .22**! .75**!CAPP Cognitive! -.76! .52**!CAPP Dominance! .08! .59**!CAPP Emotional! -.11! .38**!CAPP Self! .06! .53**!CAPP Foils! -.46**! -.14*!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
Results: TriPM Facets and the CAPP Domains
TriPM: Boldness!
TriPM: Disinhibition!
TriPM: Meanness!
CAPP Total! -.01! .65**! .61**!CAPP Attachment! -.07! .53**! .66**!CAPP Behaviour! .40*! .66**! .65**!CAPP Cognitive! -.12*! .57**! .55**!CAPP Dominance! .06! .51**! .66**!CAPP Emotional! -.13*! .45**! .50**!CAPP Self! .02! .50**! .56**!CAPP Foils! -.44**! -.04! -.19**!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCLUSIONS: GLOBAL ANALYSIS
1. Total scores on both tests were correlated with total scores on the CAPP and moderately to highly correlated with all the CAPP domains.!
2. Total scores were also correlated negatively with CAPP Foils, indicating they are specifically associated to PPD.!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCLUSIONS: FINE GRAINED ANALYSIS
However, consistent with past research:!1. Total scores were more highly correlated with the
behavioral domains than any other CAPP domain!2. PPI Factor 1 and Boldness had different patterns of
correlations that the other domains. !
Self-report measures exhibited some important limitations
LIMITATIONS & FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
• Undergraduates • Clinical samples
• Assumption that the CAPP is a valid model • Rationale and empirical basis
• Self report measures • Shared variance