valance electrons, lewis electron dot structures and the periodic table
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Valance Electrons, Lewis electron Dot Structures and the Periodic Table. Valence Electrons. • Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of the atom. • Valence electrons are the only electrons generally involved in bond formation. Lewis Structures. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Valance Electrons, Lewis electron Dot Structures and
the Periodic Table
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Valence Electrons
• Valence electrons are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of the atom.• Valence electrons are the only electrons generally involved in bond formation.
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Lewis Structures
Try these elements on your own:a) Hb) Pc) Cad) Are) Clf) Al
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Ions are atoms that have either lost or gained electrons. While atoms are neutral, ions are
charged particles.
- A loss of electrons results in a positive ion or cation (pronounced “cat-eye-on”).
- A gain of electrons results in a negative ion or anion (pronounced “an-eye-on”).
Although ions and elements have similar chemical symbols, they are entirely different substances with different physical properties.
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In order to determine the charge of ions, you can use the periodic table as a guide:
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Simple cations are named by saying the element and adding the word “ion.”
• Na+ is called “sodium ion”
• Mg2+ is called “magnesium ion”
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Simple anions are named by dropping the ending off the element name and adding “ide.”
• F- is called “fluoride” • O 2- is called “oxide” • N 3- is called “nitride”
Note: the charge of a monatomic anion is equal to the group number minus 18