va science explorer earth science 2009 -final · the earth science standards continue to focus on...

A Correlation of

Science Explorer

Earth Science, ©2009

To the

Virginia

Standards of Learning

for Earth Science

A Correlation of Science Explorer, Earth Science ©2009 to the

Virginia Standards of Learning for Earth Science

SE = Student Edition; TE = Teacher’s Edition 2

INTRODUCTION

This document demonstrates how Pearson’s Science Explorer, Earth Science ©2009 meets the Virginia Standards of Learning for Earth Science. Correlation page references are to the Student Edition and to the Teacher’s Edition. Science Explorer weaves together content with hands-on science inquiry that's sure to reach every student. Available in 16 small books or as the Life, Earth, and Physical series, you'll find the option that best matches your curriculum. Use the textbook alone or in tandem with our exceptional ancillaries and technology. Science Explorer provides you with more options so you can deliver lessons aligned to your standards and preferences. Our commitment to middle school students is unmatched in the areas of inquiry opportunities, visual learning, reading support, and educational technology.

• A proven formula for reading success • More than 1,400 labs and activities right at your finger tips

• Graphics that engage students and reinforce concepts

• Exclusive partnership with Emmy Award-winning Discover Channel

School videos




Table of Contents ES.1 Conduct Investigations ............................................................................... 4 ES.2 Nature of Science and Scientific Reasoning.................................................. 9 ES.3 Earth and the Solar System........................................................................ 13 ES.4 Identifying Rocks and Minerals .................................................................. 17 ES.5 Rock Cycle.................................................................................................. 19 ES.6 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources .................................................. 22 ES.7 Geologic Processes..................................................................................... 27 ES.8 Freshwater Resources................................................................................ 31 ES.9 History and Evolution of Earth and Life ...................................................... 37 ES.10 Oceans.................................................................................................... 41 ES.11 Atmosphere ............................................................................................ 46 ES.12 Energy Transfer Between the Sun and Earth........................................... 49 ES.13 Origin and Evolution of the Universe....................................................... 53





Science Explorer Earth Science ©2009

Earth Science The Earth Science standards connect the study of Earth’s composition, structure, processes, and history; its atmosphere, fresh water, and oceans; and its environment in space. The standards emphasize historical contributions in the development of scientific thought about Earth and space. The standards stress the interpretation of maps, charts, tables, and profiles; the use of technology to collect, analyze, and report data; and the utilization of science skills in systematic investigation. Problem solving and decision making are an integral part of the standards, especially as they relate to the costs and benefits of utilizing Earth’s resources. Major topics of study include plate tectonics, the rock cycle, Earth history, the oceans, the atmosphere, weather and climate, and the solar system and universe. The Earth Science standards continue to focus on student growth in understanding the nature of science. This scientific view defines the idea that explanations of nature are developed and tested using observation, experimentation, models, evidence, and systematic processes. The nature of science includes the concepts that scientific explanations are based on logical thinking; are subject to rules of evidence; are consistent with observational, inferential, and experimental evidence; are open to rational critique; and are subject to refinement and change with the addition of new scientific evidence. The nature of science includes the concept that science can provide explanations about nature and can predict potential consequences of actions, but cannot be used to answer all questions. ES.1 The student will plan and conduct investigations in which

a) volume, area, mass, elapsed time, direction, temperature, pressure, distance, density, and changes in elevation/depth are calculated utilizing the most appropriate tools;

SE/TE: 19, 48, 59, 75, 86, 113, 148, 155, 176, 184, 204, 224, 246, 255, 270, 282, 322, 346, 368, 379, 410, 426, 454, 462, 477, 497, 521, 532, 546, 559, 596, 605, 622, 634, 678, 692, 11, 728, 751, 760, Skills Lab, 19, 48, 59, 75, 113, 148, 155, 176, 204, 224, 246, 270, 282, 322, 346, 462, 477, 497, 521, 546, 596, 605, 622, 678, 711, 760, Consumer Lab, 86, 255, 379, 426, 634, Design Your Own Lab, 410, 532, 728, Technology Lab, 184, 368, 454, 559, 692, 751 TE: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 19, 48, 59, 75, 86, 113, 148, 155, 176, 184, 204, 224, 246, 255, 270, 282, 322, 346, 368, 379, 410, 426, 454, 462, 477, 497, 521, 532, 546, 559, 596, 605, 622, 634, 678, 692, 728, 751, 760






b) technologies, including computers, probeware, and geospatial technologies, are used to collect, analyze, and report data and to demonstrate concepts and simulate experimental conditions;

SE/TE: 11, 24, 36, 45, 52-53, 55, 73, 84, 98, 103, 110, 115, 126, 137, 154, 165, 171, 180, 192-193, 206, 211, 221, 250, 258, 269, 294, 312, 321, 331, 337, 355, 373, 380-381, 393, 402, 424-425, 436, 453, 457, 480, 484, 491, 510, 515, 544, 557, 561, 568, 583, 606-607, 621, 632, 640, 668, 672, 675, 681, 687, 705, 715, 731, 736, 745, 764, 770, 778, Technology and Society, 52-53, 192-193, 380-381, 424-425, 606-607, Go Online SciLinks, 24, 36, 45, 84, 98, 103, 110, 126, 137, 165, 180, 206, 221, 258, 294, 312, 331, 355, 402, 453, 457, 484, 491, 515, 544, 568, 632, 668, 681, 715, 731, 736, 745, 770, 778, Go Online Active Art, 11, 55, 73, 115, 154, 171, 211, 250, 269, 321, 337, 373, 393, 436, 480, 510, 557, 561, 583, 621, 640, 672, 675, 687, 705, 764, Go Online PHSchool.com, 53, 193, 381, 425, 607






c) scales, diagrams, charts, graphs, tables, imagery, models, and profiles are constructed and interpreted;

SE/TE: 5, 33, 48, 51, 59, 65, 75, 93, 109, 112, 113, 123, 135, 140, 148-149, 155, 161, 168, 199, 176-177, 191, 204, 208, 224-225, 237, 245, 246-247, 265, 269, 270-271, 281, 303, 309, 316, 321, 322, 346-347, 353, 360, 391, 403, 419, 433, 441, 461, 469, 476, 477, 496, 511, 520, 521, 531, 532-533, 541, 545, 546-547, 566, 577, 595, 596-577, 605, 613, 622-623, 633, 659, 677, 683, 691, 699, 710, 711, 733, 743, 759, 760-761, 779, Chapter Project, 5, 33, 65, 93, 123, 161, 199, 237, 265, 309, 353, 391, 433, 469, 511, 541, 577, 613, 659, 99, 743, At Home Activity, 51, 109, 112, 135, 140, 168, 191, 208, 245, 269, 281, 303, 316, 321, 360, 403, 419, 441, 461, 476, 496, 520, 531, 545, 566, 595, 633, 677, 683, 691, 710, 733, 759, 779, Skills Lab, 48, 59, 75, 113, 148-149, 155, 176-177, 204, 224-225, 246-247, 270-271, 322, 346-347, 477, 521, 532-533, 546-547, 596-577, 605, 622-623, 711, 760-761 TE: Chapter Project, 4-5, 32-33, 64-65, 92-93, 122-123, 160-161, 198-199, 216-237, 264-265, 308-309, 352-353, 390-391, 432-433, 468-469, 510-511, 540-541, 576-577, 612-613, 658-659, 698-699, 742-743, At Home Activity, 51, 109, 112, 135, 140, 168, 191, 208, 245, 269, 281, 303, 316, 321, 360, 403, 419, 441, 461, 476, 496, 520, 531, 545, 566, 595, 633, 677, 683, 691, 710, 733, 759, 779, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 48, 59, 75, 113, 148-149, 155, 176-177, 204, 224-225, 246-247, 270-271, 322, 346-347, 477, 521, 532-533, 546-547, 596-577, 605, 622-623, 711, 760-761






d) maps and globes are read and interpreted, including location by latitude and longitude;

SE/TE: 39-47, 48, 49-51, 52-53, 54-58, 59, 60-63, Chapter Project, 33, 58, 62, Discovery Channel School Video, 33, 51, 61, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 39, 49, 54, Skills Activity, 57, Try This Activity, 44, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 39, 49, 54, Key Terms, 39, 49, 54, Target Reading Skill, 39, 49, 54, Math Skills, 40, Reading Checkpoint, 40, 47, 55, Figure, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 50, 55, 56, 57, 58, Science and History, 42-43, Go Online Active Art, 55, Go Online SciLinks, 45, Go Online PHSchool.com, 50, 53, Section Assessment, 47, 50, 58, Writing in Science, 43, 58, Math Practice, 47, Skills Lab, 48, 59, At Home Activity, 51, Technology and Society, 52-53, Math Analyzing Data, 57, Study Guide, 60, Review and Assessment, 61-62, Standardized Test Prep, 63 TE: Content Refresher, 32G-32H, The Big Idea, 32, Chapter Project, 32-33, 58, 62, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 39, 49, 54, Discovery Channel School Video, 33, 51, 61, Skills Activity, 57, Try This Activity, 44, Build Inquiry, 41, 46, Objectives, 39, 49, 54, Target Reading Skill, 39, 49, 54, Teacher Demo, 42, 45, 56, All In One Teaching Resources, 39, 49, 51, 54, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 39, 49, 54, Math Skills, 40, Math Practice, 47, Science and History, 42-43, Background, 42, Go Online Active Art, 55, Go Online SciLinks, 45, Go Online PHSchool.com, 50, 53, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 40, 41, 44, 46, 50, 55, 56, 58, Independent Practice, 40, 50, 55, Student Edition on Audio CD, 40, 50, 55, Monitor Progress, 41, 43, 45, 47, 55, 57, 58, Reading Checkpoint, 41, 43, 45, 47, 55, 57, Help Students Read, 44, 57, Integrating Life Science, 44, Math Analyzing Data, 57,






(Continued)

(Continued) Differentiated Instruction, 41, 43, 45, 50, 55, Writing in Science, 43, 58, Use Visuals, 42, Address Misconceptions, 43, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 47, 51, 58, Reteach, 47, 51, 58, Performance Assessment, 47, 51, 58, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 48, 59

e) variables are manipulated with repeated trials; and

SE/TE: 9, 19, 86-87, 117, 237, 282-283, 379, 622-623, Skills Activity, 9, Skills Lab, 19, 86-87, 282-283, 622-623, Design Your Own Lab, 117, Chapter Project, 237, Consumer Lab, 379 TE: Chapter Project, 236-237, Skills Activity, 9, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 19, 86-87, 282-283, 622-623, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 117, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 379

f) current applications are used to reinforce Earth science concepts.

SE/TE: xxii-3, 16-18, 52-53, 192-193, Careers in Science, xxii, Figure, 16, 17, 18, Discovery Channel School Video, 17, Reading Checkpoint, 18, Go Online PHSchool.com, 3, 53, 193, 381, 425, Technology and Society, 52-53, 192-193, 380-381, 424-425, 606 TE: Background, xxii, 2, 52, 192, 424, Help Students Read, 2, Writing in Science, 3, Discovery Channel School Video, 17, Teach Key Concept, 16, Use Visuals, 16, Differentiated Instruction, 17, Reading Checkpoint, 18, Go Online PHSchool.com, 3, 53, 193, 381, 425






ES.2 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the nature of science and scientific reasoning and logic. Key concepts include

a) science explains and predicts the interactions and dynamics of complex Earth systems;

SE/TE: 6-12, Chapter Project, 5, Discovery Channel School Video, 5, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 6, Skills Activity, 9, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 6, Key Terms, 6, Target Reading Skill, 6, Reading Checkpoint, 7, 9, 12, Figure, 7, 8, 12, Go Online Active Art, 11, Math Analyzing Data, 10, Section Assessment, 12, Writing in Science, 12 TE: Content Refresher, 4G-4H, The Big Idea, 4, Chapter Project, 5-6, 12, Discovery Channel School Video, 5, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 6, Skills Activity, 9, Teacher Demo, 9, Objectives, 6, Target Reading Skill, 6, All In One Teaching Resources, 6, 10, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 6, Go Online Active Art, 10, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 7, 8, 11, Independent Practice, 7, 8, Student Edition on Audio CD, 7, 8, Monitor Progress, 7, 9, 11, 12, Reading Checkpoint, 7, 9, 11, 12, Differentiated Instruction, 8, Math Analyzing Data, 10, Writing in Science, 12, Use Visuals, 10, Address Misconceptions, 11, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 12, Reteach, 12, Performance Assessment, 12






b) evidence is required to evaluate hypotheses and explanations;







c) observation and logic are essential for reaching a conclusion; and







d) evidence is evaluated for scientific theories.







ES.3 The student will investigate and understand the characteristics of Earth and the solar system. Key concepts include

a) position of Earth in the solar system;

SE/TE: 658-659, 660-665, 700-705, The Big Idea, 658, Chapter Project, 659, Discovery Channel School Lab, 659, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 660, Try This Activity, 662, 703, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 660, 700, Key Terms, 660, 700, Target Reading Skill, 660, 700, Reading Checkpoint, 662, 665, 701, 703, Figure, 661, 662, 664, 702-703, 704-705, Go Online Active Art, 663, 704, 705, Math Analyzing Data, 704, Section Assessment, 665, 705, Writing in Science, 665, 705 TE: Content Refresher, 658H-658J, The Big Idea, 658, Chapter Project, 658-659, 705, Discovery Channel School Lab, 659, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 660, Try This Activity, 662, 703, Build Inquiry, 662, 664, 703, Teacher Demo, 703, Objectives, 660, 700, Target Reading Skill, 660, 700, All In One Teaching Resources, 660, 700, 705, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 660, 700, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 661, 662, 701, 702, 704, Independent Practice, 661, 701, Student Edition on Audio CD, 661, 701, Monitor Progress, 661, 663, 665, 701, 703, 705, Reading Checkpoint, 663, 665, 701, 703, 705, Differentiated Instruction, 661, 663, 701, Use Visuals, 663, Address Misconceptions, 664, Writing in Science, 665, 705, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 665, 705, Reteach, 665, Performance Assessment, 665, 705






b) sun-Earth-moon relationships; (seasons, tides, and eclipses);

SE/TE: 658-659, 670-679, The Big Idea, 658, Chapter Project, 659, Discovery Channel School Lab, 659, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 670, Skills Activity, 674, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 670, Key Terms, 670, Target Reading Skill, 670, Reading Checkpoint, 673, 675, 677, Figure, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, Go Online Active Art, 672, 675, Section Assessment, 677, At Home Activity, 677 TE: Content Refresher, 658H-658J, The Big Idea, 658, Chapter Project, 677, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, Skills Activity, 674, Build Inquiry, 672, Teacher Demo, 676, Objectives, 670, Target Reading Skill, 670, All In One Teaching Resources, 670, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 670, Go Online Active Art, 673, 675, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 671, 672, 673, 676, Independent Practice, 671, Student Edition on Audio CD, 671, Monitor Progress, 671, 673, 675, 677, Reading Checkpoint, 673, 675, 677, Help Students Read, 673, 676, Differentiated Instruction, 671, 673, 675, Use Visuals, 674, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 677, Reteach, 677, Performance Assessment, 677






c) characteristics of the sun, planets and their moons, comets, meteors, and asteroids; and

SE/TE: 706-711, 712-719, 720-727, 728-729, 730-733, The Big Idea, 698, Chapter Project, 699, Discovery Channel School Video, 699, 717, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 706, 712, 720, Skills Activity, 724, Try This Activity, 703, 708, 732, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 706, 712, 720, Key Terms, 706, 712, 720, Target Reading Skill, 706, 712, 720, Reading Checkpoint, 701, 703, 710, 713, 715, 722, Figure, 701, 702, 704, 708, 709, 713, 714, 715, 716, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 731, 732, Math Analyzing Data, 704, Go Online Active Art, 705, Go Online Planet Diary, 707, Go Online SciLinks, 715, 731, Go Online PHSchool.com, 721, Section Assessment, 705, 710, 727, 733, Writing in Science, 705, At Home Activity, 710, 733, Skills Lab, 711, Math Skills, 726, Math Practice, 727, Design Your Own Lab, 728-729 TE: Content Refresher, 698I-698J, The Big Idea, 698, Chapter Project, 698-699, 705, 727, Discovery Channel School Video, 699, 717, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 706, 712, 720, Skills Activity, 724, Try This Activity, 703, 732, Build Inquiry, 702, 714, 724, Teacher Demo, 708, 715, 723, Objectives, 706, 712, 720, Target Reading Skill, 706, 712, 720, All In One Teaching Resources, 706, 712, 720, 717, 725, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 706, 712, 720, Go Online Active Art, 705, Go Online Planet Diary, 707, Go Online SciLinks, 715, 731, Go Online PHSchool.com, 721, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 701, 702, 704, 707, 708, 713, 714, 716, 721, 722, 724, 725, 726, 731, 732, Independent Practice, 701, 707, 713, 721, 731, Student Edition on Audio CD, 701, 707, 713, 721, Monitor Progress, 701, 703, 705, 707, 709, 710, 713, 715, 716, 721, 723, 725, 727, 731, Reading Checkpoint, 701, 703, 707, 709, 713, 715, 723, 725, 727, 731, Math Analyzing Data, 704,






(Continued)

(Continued) Use Visuals, 709, 721, At Home Activity, 710, 733, Math Skills, 726,Help Students Read, 707, 722, Differentiated Instruction, 709, 713, 716, 723, 725, 731,Writing in Science, 705, Use Visuals, Address Misconceptions, 716, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 705, 710, 717, 727, 733, Reteach, 705, 710, 717, 727, 733, Performance Assessment, 705, 710, 717, 727, 733, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 711, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 728-729

d) the history and contributions of space exploration.

SE/TE: 684-691, 692-693, Discovery Channel School Video, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 684, Skills Activity, 689, Try This Activity, 685, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 684,Key Terms, 684,Target Reading Skill, 684, Reading Checkpoint, 687, 688, 691, Figure, 685, 686-687, 688, 689, 690, Go Online Active Art, 687, Section Assessment, 691, At Home Activity, 691, Technology Lab, 692-693 TE: Content Refresher, 658H-658J, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 684, Skills Activity, 689, Try This Activity, 685, Build Inquiry, 689, Objectives, 684, Target Reading Skill, 684, Teacher Demo, 687, All In One Teaching Resources, 684, 691, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 684, Go Online Active Art, 687, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 685, 686, 688, 689, 690, Independent Practice, 685, Student Edition on Audio CD, 685, Monitor Progress, 685, 687, 689, Reading Checkpoint, 687, 689, Help Students Read, 685, Differentiated Instruction, 688, 690, At Home Activity, 691, Address Misconceptions, 690, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 691, Reteach, 691, Performance Assessment, 691, Technology Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 692-693






ES.4 The student will investigate and understand how to identify major rock-forming and ore minerals based on physical and chemical properties. Key concepts include

a) hardness, color and streak, luster, cleavage, fracture, and unique properties; and

SE/TE: 64-65, 66-75, The Big Idea, 64, Chapter Project, 65, Discovery Channel School Video, 65, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 66, Skills Activity, 72, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 66, Key Terms, 66, Target Reading Skill, 66, Reading Checkpoint, 67, 69, 73, Figure, 67, 68, 69, 70-71, 72, 73, 74, Go Online Active Art, 73, Math Skills, 70, Math Analyzing Data, 71, Math Practice, 74, Section Assessment, 74, Skills Lab, 75 TE: Content Refresher, 64F, The Big Idea, 64, Chapter Project, 64-65, Discovery Channel School Video, 65, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 66, Skills Activity, 72, Build Inquiry, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, Objectives, 66, Target Reading Skill, 66, All In One Teaching Resources, 66, 74, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 66, Go Online Active Art, 73, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 67, 68, 73, Independent Practice, 67, Student Edition on Audio CD, 67, Monitor Progress, 67, 69, 71, 73, Reading Checkpoint, 67, 69, 73, Help Students Read, 69, 71, Math Skills, 70, Math Analyzing Data, 71, Math Practice, 74, Differentiated Instruction, 67, 69, 71, Writing in Science, Use Visuals, Address Misconceptions, 72, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 74, Reteach, 74, Performance Assessment, 74, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 75






b) uses of minerals.

SE/TE: 80-87, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 80, Discovery Channel School Video, 81, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 80,Key Terms, 80, Target Reading Skill, 80, Reading Checkpoint, 81, 85, Figure, 81, 84, Tech & Design in History, 82-83, Go Online SciLinks, 84, Section Assessment, 85, Writing in Science, 83, At Home Activity, 85, Consumer Lab, 86-87 TE: Content Refresher, 64F, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 80, Discovery Channel School Video, 81, Teacher Demo, 82, 84, Background, 82, Objectives, 80, Target Reading Skill, 80, All In One Teaching Resources, 80, 84, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 80, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 81, 82, Independent Practice, 81, Student Edition on Audio CD, 81, Monitor Progress, 81, 83, 85, Reading Checkpoint, 81, 85, Differentiated Instruction, 81, 83, Writing in Science, 83, Integrating Environmental Science, 83, At Home Activity, 85, Use Visuals, 84, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 85, Reteach, 85, Performance Assessment, 85, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 86-87






ES.5 The student will investigate and understand the rock cycle as it relates to the origin and transformation of rock types and how to identify common rock types based on mineral composition and textures. Key concepts include

a) igneous rocks;

SE/TE: 92-93, 98-101, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 93, Discovery Channel School Video, 93, 99, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 98, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 98, Key Terms, 98, Target Reading Skill, 98, Reading Checkpoint, 100, Figure, 99, 100, 101, Math Analyzing Data, 100, Section Assessment, 101, At Home Activity, 101 TE: Content Refresher, 92I-92J, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 92-93, Discovery Channel School Video, 93, 99, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 98, Build Inquiry, 100, Objectives, 98, Target Reading Skill, 98, All In One Teaching Resources, 98, 99, 101, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 98, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 99, 101, Independent Practice, 99, Monitor Progress, 99, 101, Reading Checkpoint, 101, Differentiated Instruction, 99, Math Analyzing Data, 100, At Home Activity, 101, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 101, Reteach, 101, Performance Assessment, 101






b) sedimentary rocks; and

SE/TE: 92, 102-106, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 93, 106, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 102, Try This Activity, 104, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 102, Key Terms, 102, Target Reading Skill, 102, Reading Checkpoint, 103, 105, 106, Figure, 103, 104-105, 106, Go Online SciLinks, 103, Section Assessment, 106, Writing in Science, 106 TE: Content Refresher, 92I-92J, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 92-93, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 102, Try This Activity, 104, Build Inquiry, 104, Objectives, 102, Target Reading Skill, 102, All In One Teaching Resources, 102, 103, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 102, Go Online SciLinks, 103, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 103, 104, 105, Independent Practice, 103, Student Edition on Audio CD, 103, Monitor Progress, 103, 105, 106, Reading Checkpoint, 103, 105, 106, Writing in Science, 106, Use Visuals, Address Misconceptions, 105, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 106, Reteach, 106, Performance Assessment, 106






c) metamorphic rocks.

SE/TE: 92, 110-113, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 93, 106, Discovery Channel School Video, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 110, Try This Activity, 111, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 110, Key Terms, 110, Target Reading Skill, 110, Reading Checkpoint, 111, 112, Figure, 111, Section Assessment, 112, At Home Activity, 112 TE: Content Refresher, 92I-92J, The Big Idea, 92, Chapter Project, 92-93, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 110, Objectives, 110, Target Reading Skill, 110, All In One Teaching Resources, 110, 111, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 110, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 111, 112, Independent Practice, 111, Student Edition on Audio CD, 111, Monitor Progress, 111, 112, Reading Checkpoint, 111, 112, At Home Activity, 112, Use Visuals, Address Misconceptions, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 112, Reteach, 112, Performance Assessment, 112






ES.6 The student will investigate and understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. Key concepts include

a) fossil fuels, minerals, rocks, water, and vegetation;

SE/TE: 354-360, 361-367,The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 353, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, Skills Activity, 356, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 354, Key Terms, 354, Target Reading Skill, 354, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 358, 360, Figure, 355, 357, 358, Go Online SciLinks, 355, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Section Assessment, 360, At Home Activity, 360 TE: Content Refresher, 352G-352H, The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 352-353, 360, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, Skills Activity, 356, Build Inquiry, 357, 358, 359, Objectives, 354, Target Reading Skill, 354, All In One Teaching Resources, 354, 355, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 354, Go Online SciLinks, 355, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 355, 356, 360, Independent Practice, 355, Student Edition on Audio CD, 355, Monitor Progress, 355, 357, 359, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 357, 359, Help Students Read, 356, Differentiated Instruction, 355, 359, At Home Activity, 360, Use Visuals, 358, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 360, Reteach, 360, Performance Assessment, 360






b) advantages and disadvantages of various energy sources;

SE/TE: 354-360, 361-367, 370-374, 375-378, 379, The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 353, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, 362, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, 361, 370, 375, Skills Activity, 356, 371, Try This Activity, 364, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 354, 361, 370, 375, Key Terms, 354, 361, 370, 375, Target Reading Skill, 354, 361, 370, 375, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 358, 360, 364, 367, 371, 372, 377, 378, Figure, 355, 357, 358, 362, 363, 364, 365, 371, 373, 374, 378, Go Online SciLinks, 355, 366, Go Online Active Art, 373, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Section Assessment, 360, 367, 374, 378, At Home Activity, 360, 374, Writing in Science, 367, 377, 378, Technology Lab, 368-369, Tech & Design in History, 376, Consumer Lab, 379 TE: Content Refresher, 352G-352H, The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 352-353, 360, 367, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, 361, 370, 375, Skills Activity, 356, 371, Try This Activity, 364, Build Inquiry, 357, 358, 359, 362, 363, 372, Objectives, 354, 361, 370, 375, Target Reading Skill, 354, 361, 370, 375, All In One Teaching Resources, 354, 355, 361, 362, 370, 374, 375, 376, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 354, 361, 370, 375, Go Online SciLinks, 355, 366, Go Online Active Art, 373, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 355, 356, 360, 362, 364, 365, 366, 371, 372, 374, 376, 378, Independent Practice, 355, 362, 371, 376, Student Edition on Audio CD, 355, 362, 371, 376, Monitor Progress, 355, 357, 359, 362, 363, 365, 367, 371, 373, 377, 378, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 357, 359, 362, 363, 365, 371, 373, 377, 378, Help Students Read, 356, 372, 377, Differentiated Instruction, 355, 359, 362, 363, 366, 373, 377, At Home Activity, 360, 374, Use Visuals, 358, 362, 363, Writing in Science, 367, 377, 378,






(Continued)

(Continued) Address Misconceptions, 365, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 360, 367, 374, 378, Reteach, 360, 367, 374, 378, Performance Assessment, 360, 367, 374, 378, Technology Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 368-369, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 379, Tech & Design in History, 377, Background, 376

c) resources found in Virginia; and

SE/TE: 363, 364, 366, Build Inquiry, 363, Teach Key Concepts, 364, Differentiated Instruction, 366






d) environmental costs and benefits.

SE/TE: 354-360, 361-367, 370-374, 375-378, 379, 528-531, 532-533, 534-535, The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 353, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, 362, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, 361, 370, 375, 528, Skills Activity, 356, 371, Try This Activity, 364, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 354, 361, 370, 375, 528, Key Terms, 354, 361, 370, 375, 528, Target Reading Skill, 354, 361, 370, 375, 528, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 358, 360, 364, 367, 371, 372, 377, 378, 529, 530, 531, Figure, 355, 357, 358, 362, 363, 364, 365, 371, 373, 374, 378, 529, 530, Go Online SciLinks, 355, 366, Go Online Active Art, 373, Go Online PHSchool.com, 530, 533, 535, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Section Assessment, 360, 367, 374, 378, 531, At Home Activity, 360, 374, 531, Writing in Science, 367, 377, 378, Technology Lab, 368-369, Tech & Design in History, 376, Consumer Lab, 379, Design Your Own Lab, 532-533, Science and Society, 534-535 TE: Content Refresher, 352G-352H, The Big Idea, 352, Chapter Project, 352-353, 360, 367, 531, Discovery Channel School Video, 353, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 354, 361, 370, 375, 528, Skills Activity, 356, 371, Try This Activity, 364, Build Inquiry, 357, 358, 359, 362, 363, 372, Teacher Demo, 530, Objectives, 354, 361, 370, 375, Target Reading Skill, 354, 361, 370, 375, All In One Teaching Resources, 354, 355, 361, 362, 370, 374, 375, 376, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 354, 361, 370, 375, Go Online SciLinks, 355, 366, Go Online Active Art, 373, Go Online PHSchool.com, 530, 533, 535, Math Analyzing Data, 359, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 355, 356, 360, 362, 364, 365, 366, 371, 372, 374, 376, 378, 529, 530, 531, Independent Practice, 355, 362, 371, 376, 529, Student Edition on Audio CD, 355, 362, 371, 376, 529, Monitor Progress, 355, 357, 359, 362, 363, 365, 367, 371, 373, 377, 378, 529, 531, Reading Checkpoint, 355, 357, 359, 362, 363, 365, 371, 373, 377, 378, 529,






(Continued)

(Continued) Help Students Read, 356, 372, 377, 529, Science and Society, 534-535, Background, 534, Differentiated Instruction, 355, 359, 362, 363, 366, 373, 377, 529, At Home Activity, 360, 374, 531, Use Visuals, 358, 362, 363, Writing in Science, 367, 377, 378, Address Misconceptions, 365, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 360, 367, 374, 378, 531, Reteach, 360, 367, 374, 378, 531, Performance Assessment, 360, 367, 374, 378, 531, Technology Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 368-369, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 379, Tech & Design in History, 377, Background, 376, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 532-533






ES.7 The student will investigate and understand geologic processes including plate tectonics. Key concepts include

a) geologic processes and their resulting features; and

SE/TE: 160-161, 162-168, 169-175, 176-177, 178-183, 184-185, 200-203, 204, 205-208, 209-216, 217-223, 224-225, 226-229, The Big Idea, 160, Chapter Project, 161, Discovery Channel School Video, 161, 172, 219, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Skills Activity, 173, 182, Try This Activity, 166, 203, 212, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Key Terms, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Target Reading Skill, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Reading Checkpoint, 163, 165, 167, 171, 173, 175, 179, 180, 206, 211, 213, 214, 216, 223, Figure, 163, 164-165, 166, 167, 168, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 179, 181, 182, 201, 202, 206, 207, 210, 211, 213, 218-219, 220, 221, 222, 223, Go Online Active Art, 171, 211, Go Online SciLinks, 165, 180, 206, 221, Go Online Planet Diary, 201, Math Analyzing Data, 174, 207, Section Assessment, 168, 175, 183, 203, 208, 216, 223, At Home Activity, 168, 208, Writing in Science, 175, 183, 203, 215, 216, 223, Skills Lab, 176-177, 204, 224-225, Technology Lab, 184-185, Science and History, 214-215, Study Guide, 226, Review and Assessment, 227-228, Standardized Test Prep, 229 TE: Content Refresher, 160G-160H, The Big Idea, 160, Chapter Project, 160-161, 168, 216, Discovery Channel School Video, 161, 172, 219, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Skills Activity, 173, 182, Try This Activity, 166, 202, 212, Build Inquiry, 165, 173, 181, 210, 214, 219, 220, Teacher Demo, 167, 171, 202, 213, Objectives, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Target Reading Skill, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, All In One Teaching Resources, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170, 178, 180, 183, 200, 203, 205, 206, 208, 209, 211, 217, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 162, 178, 200, 205, 209, 217, Go Online Active Art, 171,






(Continued)

(Continued) Go Online SciLinks, 165, 180, 221, Go Online Planet Diary, 201, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 163, 164, 166, 170, 172, 174, 179, 180, 182, 201, 202, 206, 207, 210, 212, 215, 221, 222, Independent Practice, 163, 170, 179, 201, 206, Student Edition on Audio CD, 163, 170, 179, 201, 206, 210, Monitor Progress, 163, 165, 167, 171, 173, 175, 179, 181, 183, 201, 203, 207, 208, 211, 213, 215, 216, 219, 221, 223, Reading Checkpoint, 163, 165,167, 171, 173, 179, 181, 183, 203, 207, 208, 211, 213, 215, 216, 221, 223, Help Students Read, 166, 179, 212, 215, 221, Differentiated Instruction, 165, 171, 172, 181, 207, 211, 215, 219, Writing in Science, 175, 183, 214, At Home Activity, 168, 208, Use Visuals, 164, 201, 211, 213, Math Analyzing Data, 174, 207, Address Misconceptions, 220, Science and History, 214-215, Background, 214, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 168, 175, 183, 203, 208, 216, 223, Reteach, 168, 175, 183, 203, 208, 216, 223, Performance Assessment, 168, 175, 183, 203, 208, 216, 223, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 176-177, 204, 224-225, Technology Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 184-185, Integrating Technology, 222






b) tectonic processes.

SE/TE: 122-123, 124-131, 132-135, 136-139, 141-149, 150-155, 156-159, 200-205, The Big Idea, 122, Chapter Project, 123, Discovery Channel School Video, 123, 146, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Skills Activity, 129, 145, 151, Try This Activity, 203, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Key Terms, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Target Reading Skill, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Reading Checkpoint, 128, 129, 130, 133, 140, 142, 145, 147, 553, Figure, 126, 127, 128, 129, 131, 134, 135, 137, 138-139, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 151, 152-153, 201, 202, 203, Go Online Active Art, 154, Go Online SciLinks, 126, 137, Go Online PHSchool.com, 134, 143, Go Online Planet Diary, 201, Math Skills, 153, Math Practice, 154, Math Analyzing Data, 130, Skills Lab, 148-149, 155, 204-205, Section Assessment, 131, 135, 140, 147, 154, 203, Writing in Science, 131, 147, 203, At Home Activity, 135, 140, Study Guide, 156, Review and Assessment, 157-158, Standardized Test Prep, 159 TE: Content Refresher, 122H-122J, The Big Idea, 122, Chapter Project, 122-123. 131, 147, 154, 203, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Skills Activity, 129, 145, 151, Try This Activity, 203, Build Inquiry, 126, 138, 142, 145, 153, Teacher Demo, 128, 133, 134, 151, 202, Objectives, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Target Reading Skill, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, All In One Teaching Resources, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 124, 132, 136, 141, 150, 155, 200, Go Online Active Art, 154, Go Online SciLinks, 126, 137, Go Online PHSchool.com, 134, 143, Go Online Planet Diary, 201, Math Skills, 153, Math Practice, 154, Math Analyzing Data, 130, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 125, 127, 129, 130, 133, 135, 137, 139, 142, 143, 144, 147, 151, 152, 201, 202,






(Continued)

(Continued) Independent Practice, 125, 129, 133, 137, 142, 151, 153, 201, Student Edition on Audio CD, 125, 133, 137, 142, 151, 201, Monitor Progress, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 140, 143, 145, 153, 201, Reading Checkpoint,127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 139, 140, 143, 145, 151, 153, Help Students Read, 128, Differentiated Instruction, 125, 127, 130, 133, 139, 143, 153, Writing in Science, 131, 147, 203, Use Visuals, 125, 138, 145, 152, Address Misconceptions, 126, At Home Activity, 135, 140, Math Skills, 153, Math Practice, 154, Math Analyzing Data, 130, Integrating Life Science, 137, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 131, 135, 140, 147, 154, 203, Reteach, 131, 135, 140, 147, 154, 203, Performance Assessment, 131, 135, 140, 147, 154, 203, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 148-149, 155, 204-205






ES.8 The student will investigate and understand how freshwater resources are influenced by geologic processes and the activities of humans. Key concepts include

a) processes of soil development;

SE/TE: 236-237, 248-255, The Big Idea, 236, Chapter Project, 237, Discovery Channel School Video, 237, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 248, Try This Activity, 251, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 248, Key Terms, 248, Target Reading Skill, 248, Reading Checkpoint, 251, Figure, 249, 250, 251, 252-253, 254, Go Online Active Art, 250, Section Assessment, 254, Writing in Science, 254, Consumer Lab, 255 TE: Content Refresher, 236F, The Big Idea, 236, Chapter Project, 236-237, 254, Discovery Channel School Video, 238, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 248, Try This Activity, 251, Build Inquiry, 250, 253, Objectives, 248, Target Reading Skill, 248, All In One Teaching Resources, 248, 251, 252, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 248, Go Online Active Art, 250, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 249, 251, 252, 250,Independent Practice, 249, Student Edition on Audio CD, 249, Monitor Progress, 249, 251, 253, 254, Reading Checkpoint, 249, 251, 254, Help Students Read, 252, Differentiated Instruction, 249, 253, Writing in Science, 254, Use Visuals, 251, 252, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 254, Reteach, 254, Performance Assessment, 254, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 255






b) development of karst topography;

SE/TE: 264-265, 266-269, 270-271, 272-284, 286-290, 291-295, 296-300, 301-303, 304-307, The Big Idea, 264, Chapter Project, 265, Discovery Channel School Video, 265, 280, 305, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Skills Activity, 267, 286, 299, Try This Activity, 274, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Key Terms, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Target Reading Skill, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Reading Checkpoint, 267, 269, 273,276, 277, 287, 290, 294, 298, 302, Figure, 267, 268, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278-279, 280, 281, 287, 288, 289, 290, 292, 293, 294-295, 298, 300, 302, 303, Go Online Active Art, 269, Go Online PHSchool.com, 288, Go Online Planet Diary, 275, Go Online SciLinks, 294, 297, Skills Lab, 270-271, 282-283, Section Assessment, 269, 281, 290, 294, 300, 303, Writing in Science, 290, 294, 300, At Home Activity, 269, 281, 303, Study Guide, 304, Review and Assessment, 305-306, Standardized Test Prep, 307 TE: Content Refresher, 264I-264J, The Big Idea, 264, Chapter Project, 264-265, 269, 290, 300, Discovery Channel School Video, 265, 280, 305, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Skills Activity, 267, 286, 299, Try This Activity, 274, Build Inquiry, 274, 276, 278 289, Teacher Demo, 268, 279, 280, 293, 294, 298, Objectives, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Target Reading Skill, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, All In One Teaching Resources, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 266, 272, 286, 291, 296, 301, Go Online Active Art, 269, Go Online PHSchool.com, 288, Go Online Planet Diary, 275, Go Online SciLinks, 294, 297, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 267, 268, 273, 275, 277, 380, 287, 288, 292, 293, 297, 298, 299, 302, Independent Practice, 267, 273, 286, 292, 297, 302, Student Edition on Audio CD, 267, 273, 286, 292, 297, 302,






(Continued)

(Continued) Monitor Progress, 267, 269, 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 287, 289, 290, 293, 294, 297, 299, 300, Reading Checkpoint, 267, 269, 275, 277, 281, 287, 290, 294, 299, 302, Help Students Read, 268, 274, 275, 292, Differentiated Instruction, 268, 273, 277, 279, 288, 289, 291, 294, 297, 298, 302, Writing in Science, 290, 294, 300, At Home Activity, 269, 281, 303, Use Visuals, 276, 278, 290, 294, Address Misconceptions, 281, Math Analyzing Data, 289, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 269, 281, 294, 300, 303, Reteach, 269, 281, 294, 300, 303, Performance Assessment, 269, 281, 294, 300, 303, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 270-271, 282-283






c) relationships between groundwater zones, including saturated and unsaturated zones, and the water table;

SE/TE: 404-409, 410-411, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 404, Try This Activity, 408, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 40 , Key Terms, 404, Target Reading Skill, 404, Reading Checkpoint, 405, 407, 409, Figure, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, Go Online SciLinks, 405, Section Assessment, 409, Writing in Science, 409, Design Your Own Lab, 410-411 TE: Content Refresher, 390I, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 404, Try This Activity, 408, Build Inquiry, 407, Objectives, 404, Target Reading Skill, 404, All In One Teaching Resources, 404, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 404, Go Online SciLinks, 405, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 405, 406, Independent Practice, 405, 407, Student Edition on Audio CD, 405, Monitor Progress, 405, 407, 409, Reading Checkpoint, 405, 407, 409, Help Students Read, 409, Differentiated Instruction, 405, 407, Writing in Science, 409, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 409, Reteach, 409, Performance Assessment, 409, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 410-411






d) identification of sources of fresh water including rivers, springs, and aquifers, with reference to the hydrologic cycle;

SE/TE: 14-15, 390-391, 392-395, 396-403, 404-411, 560-561, The Big idea, 390, Chapter Project, 391, Discovery Channel School Video, 391, 400, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 392, 396, 404, 560, Skills Activity, 394, Try This Activity, 401, 408, Reading Preview: 392, 396, 404, 560, Key Concepts, Key Terms, 392, 396, 404, 560, Target Reading Skill, 392, 396, 404, 560, Reading Checkpoint, 397, 399, 401, 403, 405, 407, 409, Figure, 14-15, 393, 394, 395 397, 398-399, 400, 402, 403, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, Go Online Active Art, 393, 561, Go Online PHSchool.com, 398, Go Online SciLinks, 402, Section Assessment, 395, 403, 409, Writing in Science, 395, 409, At Home Activity, 403, Design Your Own Lab, 410-411 TE: Content Refresher, The Big Idea, Chapter Project, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 392, 396, 404, 560, Skills Activity, 394, Try This Activity, 401, Build Inquiry, 407, Objectives, 392, 396, 404, 560, Target Reading Skill, 392, 396, 404, 560, All In One Teaching Resources, 392, 396, 404, 560, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 392, 396, 404, 560, Go Online Active Art, 393, 561, Go Online PHSchool.com, 398, Go Online SciLinks, 402, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 393, 394, 397, 398, 400, 401, 405, 406, 561, Independent Practice, 401, 405, 561, Student Edition on Audio CD, 401, 405, 561, Monitor Progress, 393, 397, 399, 401, 405, 407, 409, 561, Reading Checkpoint, 397, 399, 401, 405, 407, 409, Help Students Read, 402, 407, Differentiated Instruction, 399, 405, At Home Activity, 403, Writing in Science, 15, 395, 408, Use Visuals, 399, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 395, 409, Reteach, 395, 409, Performance Assessment, 395, 409, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 410-411






e) dependence on freshwater resources and the effects of human usage on water quality; and

SE/TE: 394-395, 406-408, 412-419, 420-423, 424-425, 426-427, Chapter Project, 395, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 412, 420, Skills Activity, 394, Try This Activity, 408, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 412, 420, Key Terms, 412, 420, Target Reading Skill, 412, 420, Reading Checkpoint, 407, 417, 419, 421, Figure, 394, 395, 406, 408, 416, 417, 418, 421, 422, Go Online PHSchool.com, 417, 422, 425, Math Skills, 421, Math Practice, 423, Math Analyzing Data, 423, Consumer Lab, 426-427, Teach and Design in History, 414-415, Technology and Society, 424-425, Section Assessment, 395, 419, 423, Writing in Science, 395, 414, At Home Activity, 419 TE: Chapter Project, 419, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 412, 420, Skills Activity, 394, Try This Activity, 408, Build Inquiry, 407, 415, 417, Teacher Demo, 408, 422, Objectives, 412, 420, Target Reading Skill, 412, 420, All In One Teaching Resources, 395, 407, 412, 413, 420, 422, 423, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 412, 420, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 394, 406, 407, 413, 416, 418, 421, 422, Student Edition on Audio CD, 413, Monitor Progress, 395, 407, 413, 415, 417, 421, 423, Reading Checkpoint, 407, 415, 417, 421, Help Students Read, 407, Differentiated Instruction, 407, 413, 415, 422, Writing in Science, 395, 414, Teach and Design in History, 414-415, Technology and Society, 424-425, Use Visuals, 416, 418, Background, 414, 424, At Home Activity, 419, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 395, 422, Reteach, 395, 422, Performance Assessment, 395, 422, Consumer Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 426-427

f) identification of the major watershed systems in Virginia, including the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries.

SE/TE: 397, Figure, 397, Reading Checkpoint, 397 TE: Teach Key Concepts, 397, All In One Teaching Resource, 397, Monitor Progress, 397, Reading Checkpoint, 397






ES.9 The student will investigate and understand that many aspects of the history and evolution of Earth and life can be inferred by studying rocks and fossils. Key concepts include

a) traces and remains of ancient, often extinct, life are preserved by various means in many sedimentary rocks;

SE/TE: 308-313, The Big Idea, 308, Discovery Channel School Video, 309, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 310, Try This Activity, 313, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 310, Key Terms, 310,Target Reading Skill, 310, Reading Checkpoint, 313, Figure, 311, 312, Go Online SciLinks, 312 TE: Content Refresher, 308I-308J, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 310, Try This Activity, 313, Build Inquiry, 312, 313, Teacher Demo, 312, Objectives, 310,Target Reading Skill, 310, All In One Teaching Resources, 310, 311, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 310, Go Online SciLinks, 312, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 311, Independent Practice, 311, Student Edition on Audio CD, 311, Monitor Progress, 311, 313, Reading Checkpoint, 313, Integrating Chemistry, 313, Differentiated Instruction, 311, 312






b) superposition, cross-cutting relationships, index fossils, and radioactive decay are methods of dating bodies of rock;

SE/TE: 317-321, 323- 326, Chapter Project, Discovery Channel School Video, 318, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 317, 323, Try This Activity, 319, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 317, 323, Key Terms, 317, 323, Target Reading Skill, 317, 323, Reading Checkpoint, 324, Figure, 318, 320, 321, 324, 325, Go Online Active Art, 321, Go Online PHSchool.com, 326, Math Skills, 325, Section Assessment, 321, 326, At Home Activity, 321, Skills Lab, 322, Math Practice, 326 TE: Discovery Channel School Video, 318, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 317, 323, Try This Activity, 319, Build Inquiry, 319, 320, 324, Objectives, 317, 323, Target Reading Skill, 317, 323, All In One Teaching Resources, 317, 320, 323, 320, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 317, 323, Go Online Active Art, 321, Go Online PHSchool.com, 326, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 318, 319, 320, 324, 325, Independent Practice, 318, Student Edition on Audio CD, 318, Monitor Progress, 319, 325, 326, Reading Checkpoint, 319, 325, Differentiated Instruction, 318, 320, 325, Math Skills, 325, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 321, 326, Reteach, 321, 326, Performance Assessment, 321, 326, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 322






c) absolute and relative dating have different applications but can be used together to determine the age of rocks and structures; and

SE/TE: 317-321, 323- 326, 327-329, 330-333, Chapter Project, 309, Discovery Channel School Video, 318, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 317, 327, 323, 330, Skills Activity, 332, Try This Activity, 319, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 317, 323, 327, 330, 325, Key Terms, 317, 323, 327, 325, 325, 330, Target Reading Skill, 317, 323, 327, 330, Reading Checkpoint, 324, 327, 330, 325, 331, 332, Figure, 318, 320, 321, 324, 325, 328, 329, 332, Go Online Active Art, 321, Go Online PHSchool.com, 326, 329, Go Online SciLinks, 331, Math Skills, 325, Section Assessment, 321, 326, 329, 333, At Home Activity, 321, Writing in Science, 329, 333, Skills Lab, 322, Math Practice, 326 TE: The Big Idea, 308, Chapter Project, 308-309, 329, Discovery Channel School Video, 309, 318, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 317, 323, 327, 330, 325, Skills Activity, 332, Try This Activity, 319, Build Inquiry, 319, 320, 324, 333, Objectives, 317, 323, 327, 330, 325, Target Reading Skill, 317, 323, 327, 330, 325, All In One Teaching Resources, 317, 320, 323, 320, 327, 330, 325, 328, 332, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 317, 323, 327, 330, 325, Go Online Active Art, 321, Go Online PHSchool.com, 326, Go Online SciLinks, 331, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 318, 319, 320, 324, 325, 328, 331, 332, Independent Practice, 318, 328, 331, Student Edition on Audio CD, 318, 328, 331, Monitor Progress, 319, 325, 326, 329, 333, Reading Checkpoint, 331, 319, 325, 329, 333, Help Students Read, 331, Differentiated Instruction, 318, 320, 325, 328, Math Skills, 325, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 321, 326, 329, 333, Reteach, 321, 326, 329, 333, Performance Assessment, 321, 326, 329, 333, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 322






d) rocks and fossils from many different geologic periods and epochs are found in Virginia.

SE/TE: 327-329, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 327, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 327, Key Terms, 327, Target Reading Skill, 327, Reading Checkpoint, 327, Figure, 328, Go Online PHSchool.com, 329, Section Assessment, 329, Writing in Science, 329 TE: Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 327, Objectives, 327, Target Reading Skill, 327, All In One Teaching Resources, 327, 328, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 327, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 328, Independent Practice, 328, Student Edition on Audio CD, 328, Monitor Progress, 329, Reading Checkpoint, 329, Differentiated Instruction, 328, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 329, Reteach, 329, Performance Assessment, 329






ES.10 The student will investigate and understand that oceans are complex, interactive physical, chemical, and biological systems and are subject to long- and short-term variations. Key concepts include

a) physical and chemical changes related to tides, waves, currents, sea level and ice cap variations, upwelling, and salinity variations;

SE/TE: 432-441, 442-447, 448-453, 454-455, 456-461, 462-463, 464-467, The Big Idea, 432, Chapter Project, 433, Discovery Channel School Video, 433, 438, 465, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Skills Activity, 439, 458, Try This Activity, 437, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Key Terms, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462,Target Reading Skill, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Reading Checkpoint, 439, 441, 443, 446, 447, 451, 459, 461, Figure, 435, 436, 438, 439, 440, 443, 444, 448, 450, 451, 452, 457, 458, 459, 460, Go Online Active Art, 436, Go Online PHSchool.com, 444, Go Online SciLink, 453, 457, Math Analyzing Data, 446, Math Skills, 450, Math Practice, 453, Section Assessment, 441, 447, 453, 461, Writing in Science, 447, At Home Activity, 441, 461, Technology Lab, 454-455, Skills Lab, 462-463, Study Guide, 464, Review and Assessment, 465-466, Standardized Test Prep, 467 TE: Content Refresher, 432G-432H, The Big Idea, 432, Chapter Project, 432-433, Discovery Channel School Video, 433, 438, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Skills Activity, 439, 458, Try This Activity, 437, Build Inquiry, 436, 439, 440, 444, 450, Teacher Demo, 459, Objectives, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Target Reading Skill, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, All In One Teaching Resources, 432, 437, 439, 441, 442, 447, 448, 454, 456, 460, 462, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 432, 442, 448, 454, 456, 462, Go Online Active Art, 436, Go Online PHSchool.com, 444, Go Online SciLink, 453, 457, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 435, 437, 439, 440, 443, 446, 449, 451, 452, 457, 460, Independent Practice, 435, 443, 449, 457, Student Edition on Audio CD, 435, 443, 449, 457,






(Continued)

(Continued) Monitor Progress, 435, 437, 439, 441, 443, 445, 447, 449, 451, 453, 457, 459, 461, Reading Checkpoint, 439, 441, 443, 447, 451, 453, 461, Help Students Read, 438, 445, 450, Differentiated Instruction, 435, 438, 443, 445, 448, 451, 452, 457, 459, Math Analyzing Data, 446, Math Skills, 450, Math Practice, 453, Writing in Science, 447, At Home Activity, 441, 461, Use Visuals, 436, 438, 445, 449, 452, Address Misconceptions, 444, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 441, 447, 453, 461, Reteach, 441, 447, 453, 461, Performance Assessment, 441, 447, 453, 461, Technology Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 454-455, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 462-463






b) importance of environmental and geologic implications;

SE/TE: 468, 490-496, 497, 498-499, The Big Idea, 468, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 490, Try This Activity, 492, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 490, Key Terms, 490, Target Reading Skill, 490, Reading Checkpoint, 492, 496, Figure, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, Go Online SciLinks, 491, Go Online PHSchool.com 499, Math Analyzing Data, 494, Section Assessment, 496, At Home Activity, 496, Science and Society, 498-499 TE: Content Refresher, 468F, The Big Idea, 468, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 490, Try This Activity, 492, Build Inquiry, Teacher Demo, 492, 495, Objectives, 490, Target Reading Skill, 490, All In One Teaching Resources, 490, 496, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 490, Go Online SciLinks, 491, Go Online PHSchool.com 499, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 491, 493, 494, Independent Practice, 491, Student Edition on Audio CD, 491, Monitor Progress, 491, 493, 495, 496, Reading Checkpoint, 493, 495, 496, Differentiated Instruction, 491, 493, 495, Math Analyzing Data, 494, At Home Activity, 496, Address Misconceptions, 492, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 496, Reteach, 496, Performance Assessment, 496, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 497, Science and Society: Background, 498-499






c) systems interactions; SE/TE: 468, 478-489, The Big Idea, 468, Chapter Project, 469, Discovery Channel School Video, 469, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 478, Skills Activity, 487, Try This Activity, 482, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 478, Key Terms, 478, Target Reading Skill, 478, Reading Checkpoint, 480, 483, 485, 486, 489, Figure, 479, 481, 482, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, Go Online Active Art, 480, Go Online PHSchool.com 483, Go Online SciLinks, 484, Section Assessment, 489, Writing in Science, 489 TE: Content Refresher, 468F, The Big Idea, 468, Chapter Project, 468-469, Discovery Channel School Video, 469, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 478, Skills Activity, 487, Try This Activity, 482, Build Inquiry, 482, 484, 486, Objectives, 478, Target Reading Skill, 478, All In One Teaching Resources, 478, 483, 485, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 478, Go Online Active Art, 480, Go Online PHSchool.com 483, Go Online SciLinks, 484, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 479, 481, 484, 485, 486, 487, Independent Practice, 479, Student Edition on Audio CD, 479, Monitor Progress, 479, 481, 483, 485, 487, Reading Checkpoint, 479, 481, 483, 485, Background, Help Students Read, Differentiated Instruction, 479, 480, 481, 484, Use Visuals, 481, 483, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 489, Reteach, 489, Performance Assessment, 489






d) features of the sea floor as reflections of tectonic processes and

SE/TE: 141-147, 148-149, 474-475, 477, Discovery Channel School Video, 146, 475, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 141, Try This Activity, 145, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 141, Key Terms, 141, Target Reading Skill, 141, Reading Checkpoint, 143, 145, 147, 475, Figure, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 474-475, Go Online PHSchool.com, 143, Section Assessment, 147, Writing in Science, 147, Skills Lab, 148-149, 477 TE: Chapter Project, 147, Discovery Channel School Video, 146, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 141, 474, Try This Activity, 145, Build Inquiry, 142, 145, Objectives, 141, Target Reading Skill, 141, All In One Teaching Resources, 141, 474, 475, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 141, Go Online PHSchool.com, 143, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 142, 143, 144, 146, 474, 475, Monitor Progress, 143, 145, 147, 475, Reading Checkpoint, 143, 145, Differentiated Instruction, 143, 475, Writing in Science, 147, Help Students Read, 474, Use Visuals, 144, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 147, Reteach, 147, Performance Assessment, 147, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 148-149, 477






e) economic and public policy issues concerning the oceans and the coastal zone including the Chesapeake Bay.

SE/TE: 490-497, 498-499, The Big Idea, 468, Chapter Project, 469, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 490, Try This Activity, 492, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 490, Key Terms, 490, Target Reading Skill, 490, Reading Checkpoint, 492, 494, 496, Figure, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, Go Online SciLinks, 491, Go Online PHSchool.com, 499, Math Analyzing Data, 494, Science and Society, 498-499, Skills Lab, 497, Section Assessment, 496, At Home Activity, 496 TE: Content Refresher, 468F, The Big Idea, 468, Chapter Project, 468-469, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 490, Teacher Demo, 492, 495, Objectives, 490, Target Reading Skill, 490, All In One Teaching Resources, 490, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 490, Go Online SciLinks, 491, Go Online PHSchool.com, 499, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 491, 493, 494, Student Edition on Audio CD, 491, Monitor Progress, 491, 493, 495, 496, Reading Checkpoint, 493, 495, Differentiated Instruction, 491, 493, 495, At Home Activity, 496, Address Misconceptions, 492, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 496,Reteach, 496, Performance Assessment, 496, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 497

ES.11 The student will investigate and understand the origin and evolution of the atmosphere and the interrelationship of geologic processes, biologic processes, and human activities on its composition and dynamics. Key concepts include

a) scientific evidence for atmospheric composition changes over geologic time;

SE/TE: 332-333, Figure, 332-333, Skills Activity, 332 TE: Teach Key Concepts, 332, All In One Teaching Resource, 332, Skills Activity, 332, Build Inquiry, 333, Monitor Progress, 333






b) current theories related to the effects of early life on the chemical makeup of the atmosphere;


c) atmospheric regulation mechanisms including the effects of density differences and energy transfer; and







d) potential changes to the atmosphere and climate due to human, biologic, and geologic activity.

SE/TE: 528-531, 532-533, 636-640, 641-645, Discovery Channel School Video, 638, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 528, 636, 641, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 528, 636, 641, Key Terms, 528, 636, 641, Target Reading Skill, 528, 636, 641, Reading Checkpoint, 529, 531, 637, 638, 642, 645, 646, Figure, 529, 530, 531, 637, 638, 640, 642, 643, 644, 645, 647, Go Online Active Art, 640, Go Online PHSchool.com, 530, 533, 535, Go Online Planet Diary, 645, Science and Society, 534-535, Design Your Own Lab, 532-533, Section Assessment, 531, 640, 647, Writing in Science, 640, At Home Activity, 531, 647 TE: Content Refresher, 510H, 612H, Chapter Project, 531, Discovery Channel School Video, 638, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 528, 636, 641, Build Inquiry, 638, 645, Teacher Demo, 530, Objectives, 528, 636, 641, Target Reading Skill, 528, 636, 641, All In One Teaching Resources, 528, 636, 641, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 528, 636, 641, Go Online Active Art, 640, Go Online PHSchool.com, 530, 533, 535, Go Online Planet Diary, 645, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 529, 530, 531, 637, 638, 639, 642, 643, 646, Independent Practice, 529, 637, Student Edition on Audio CD, 529, Monitor Progress, 529, 531, 637, 639, 640, 643, 645, 647, Reading Checkpoint, 529, 531, 637, 639, 640, 643, 645, 647, Help Students Read, 642, Differentiated Instruction, 529, 637, 642, Writing in Science, 640, Use Visuals, 644, Address Misconceptions, 646, Integrate Environmental Science 644, Background, 534, At Home Activity, 531, 647, Math Analyzing Data, 639, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 531, 640, 647,Reteach, 531, 640, 647,Performance Assessment, 531, 640, 647, Design Your Own Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 532-533






ES.12 The student will investigate and understand that energy transfer between the sun and Earth and its atmosphere drives weather and climate on Earth. Key concepts include

a) observation and collection of weather data;

SE/TE: 598-605, 606-607, The Big Idea, 576, Chapter Project, 577, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 598, Try This Activity, 602, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 598, Key Terms, 598, Target Reading Skill, 598, Reading Checkpoint, 599, 601, 603, Figure, 599, 600, 602, 603, 604, Go Online Planet Diary, 601, Go Online PHSchool.com, 607, Skills Lab, 605, Technology and Society, 606-607, Section Assessment, 604, Writing in Science, 604 TE: Content Refresher, 576F, The Big Idea, 576, Chapter Project, 576-577, 604, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 598, Try This Activity, 602, Build Inquiry, 601, 603, Objectives, 598, Target Reading Skill, 598, All In One Teaching Resources, 598, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 598, Go Online Planet Diary, 601, Go Online PHSchool.com, 607, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 599, 600, 602, Independent Practice, 599, Student Edition on Audio CD, 599, Monitor Progress, 599, 601, 603, Reading Checkpoint, 599, 601, 603, Help Students Read, 600, Differentiated Instruction, 600, Use Visuals, 604, Background 606, Math Analyzing Data, 601,Technology and Society, 606-607, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 604, Reteach, 604, Performance Assessment, 604, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 605






b) prediction of weather patterns;

SE/TE: 598-605, 606-607, The Big Idea, 576, Chapter Project, 577, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 598, Try This Activity, 602, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 598, Key Terms, 598, Target Reading Skill, 598, Reading Checkpoint, 599, 601, 603, Figure, 599, 600, 602, 603, 604, Go Online Planet Diary, 601, Go Online PHSchool.com, 607, Skills Lab, 605, Technology and Society, 606-607, Section Assessment, 604, Writing in Science, 604 TE: Content Refresher, 576F, The Big Idea, 576, Chapter Project, 576-577, 604, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 598, Try This Activity, 602, Build Inquiry, 601, 603, Objectives, 598, Target Reading Skill, 598, All In One Teaching Resources, 598, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 598, Go Online Planet Diary, 601, Go Online PHSchool.com, 607, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 599, 600, 602, Independent Practice, 599, Student Edition on Audio CD, 599, Monitor Progress, 599, 601, 603, Reading Checkpoint, 599, 601, 603, Help Students Read, 600, Differentiated Instruction, 600, Use Visuals, 604, Background 606, Math Analyzing Data, 601,Technology and Society, 606-607, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 604, Reteach, 604, Performance Assessment, 604, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 605






c) severe weather occurrences, such as tornadoes, hurricanes, and major storms; and

SE/TE: 576-577, 578-585, 586-595, 596-597, The Big Idea, 576, 586, Chapter Project, 577, Discovery Channel School Video, 577, 592, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 578, 586, Skills Activity, 581, 582, Try This Activity, 587, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 576, 586, Key Terms, 576, 586, Target Reading Skill, 576, 586, Reading Checkpoint, 580, 581, 582, 584, 588, 593, Figure, 579, 580, 581, 582-583, 584, 686, 687, 588, 589, 593, 594, 595, Go Online Active Art, 583, Go Online Planet Diary, 588, Science and History, 590-591, Skills Lab, 596-597, Section Assessment, 585, 595, Writing in Science, 585, 591, At Home Activity, 595 TE: Content Refresher, 576F, The Big Idea, 576, Chapter Project, 576-577, 585, 595,Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 578, 586, Skills Activity, 581, Try This Activity, 587, Build Inquiry, 581, 591, 593, Teacher Demo, 583, Objectives, 578, 586, Target Reading Skill, 578, 586, All In One Teaching Resources, 578, 586, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 578, 586, Go Online Active Art, 583, Go Online Planet Diary, 588, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 579, 580, 582, 584, 587, 589, 592, 594, Independent Practice, 579, 587, Student Edition on Audio CD, 579, 587, Monitor Progress, 579, 581, 583, 585, 587, 589, 591, 593, Reading Checkpoint, 581, 583, 589, 591, 593, Differentiated Instruction, 579, 583, 584, 589, 593, Writing in Science, 585, 590, At Home Activity, 595, Use Visuals, 580, Address Misconceptions, 591, Integrate Health, 588, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 585, 595, Reteach, 585, 595, Performance Assessment, 585, 595, Science and History, 590-591, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 596-597






d) weather phenomena and the factors that affect climate including radiation, conduction, and convection.

SE/TE: 15, 132-135, 542-545, 546-547, 550, 551, 646, 745, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 132, 542, Try This Activity, 550, 646, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 132, 542, Key Terms, 132, 542, Target Reading Skill, 132, 542, Reading Checkpoint, 133, 134, 543, 545, 550, 646, 745, Figure, 133, 134, 135, 543, 544, 545, 551, 745, Go Online SciLinks, 544, 550, 745, Go Online PHSchool.com, 134, Section Assessment, 135, 545, 551, At Home Activity, 135, 545, Skills Lab, 546-547 TE: Content Refresher, 540H, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 132, 542, Try This Activity, 550, 646, Teacher Demo, 133, 545, Objectives, 132, 542, Target Reading Skill, 132, 542, All In One Teaching Resources, 132, 542, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 132, 542, Go Online SciLinks, 544, 550, 745, Go Online PHSchool.com, 134, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 133, 134, 543, 544, 545, 550, 646, 745, Independent Practice,133, 543, 745, Student Edition on Audio CD, 133, 543, 745, Monitor Progress, 133, 135, 543, 545, 551, 745, Reading Checkpoint, 133, 135, 543, 545, 745, Differentiated Instruction, 133, 543, Address Misconceptions, 646, At Home Activity, 135, 545, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 135, 545, 551, Reteach, 135, 545, 551, Performance Assessment, 135, 545, 551, Skills Lab: Prepare for Inquiry; Guide Inquiry: Analyze and Conclude; Extend Inquiry, 546-547






ES.13 The student will investigate and understand scientific concepts related to the origin and evolution of the universe. Key concepts include

a) cosmology including the Big Bang theory; and

SE/TE: 774-779, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 774, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 774,Key Terms, 774,Target Reading Skill, 774, Reading Checkpoint, 777, Figure, 775, 776, 777, 778, Go Online SciLinks, 778, Math Analyzing Data, 776, Section Assessment, 779, At Home Activity, 779 TE: Content Refresher, 742J, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 774, Build Inquiry, Teacher Demo, 776, Objectives, 774, Target Reading Skill, 774, All In One Teaching Resources, 774, 775, 777, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 774, Go Online SciLinks, 778, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 775, 777, 778, Independent Practice, 775, Student Edition on Audio CD, 775, Monitor Progress, 775, 777, 779, Reading Checkpoint, 777, 779, Differentiated Instruction, 775, 777, At Home Activity, 779, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 779,Reteach, 779, Performance Assessment, 779






b) the origin and evolution of stars, star systems, and galaxies.

SE/TE: 762-766, 767-773, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 762, 767, Discovery Channel School Video, 763, Skills Activity, 764, Try This Activity, 771, Reading Preview: Key Concepts, 762, 767,Key Terms, 762, 767, Target Reading Skill, 762, 767, Reading Checkpoint, 763, 769, 771, Figure, 764, 766, 768, 769, 771, 773, Go Online Active Art, 765, Go Online SciLinks, 770, Math Skills, 772, Section Assessment, 766, 773, Writing in Science, 766, Math Practice, 773 TE: Content Refresher, 742I, Lab Zone: Discover Activity, 762, 767, Discovery Channel School Video, 763, Skills Activity, 764, Try This Activity, 771, Build Inquiry, Teacher Demo, 764, 769, Objectives, 762, 767,Target Reading Skill, 762, 767, All In One Teaching Resources, 762, 763, 767, 771, Preteach: Build Background Knowledge, 762, 767, Go Online Active Art, 765, Go Online SciLinks, 770, Math Skills, 772, Math Practice, 773, Instruct: Teach Key Concept, 763, 764, 770, 771, 772,Independent Practice, 763, Student Edition on Audio CD, 763, Monitor Progress, 763, 765, 766, 769, 771, 773, Reading Checkpoint, 763, 765, 766, 769, 771, Help Students Read, 770, Differentiated Instruction, 765, 770, Use Visuals, 765, Address Misconceptions, 765, Writing in Science, 766, Chapter Project, 766, Assess: Reviewing Key Concepts, 766, 773, Reteach, 766, 773, Performance Assessment, 766, 773

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