� A compound that kills organisms by virtue of specific biological effects rather than as a broader chemical poison

� Differ from biocontrol agents in being passive agents, whereas biocontrol agentsactively seek the pest

� The rationale behind replacing conventional pesticides with bio-pesticides is thatthe latter are more likely to be selective and biodegradable (FAO, 2005)

WHAT IS BIO-PESTICIDE?

� Human and environmental safety

WHY BIO-PESTICIDES?� Human and environmental safety� Alternatives to conventional pesticides:

� 25 million cases of acute occupational pesticide poisoning in developing countries each year (WHO, 1990) � 14% of all known occupational injuries and 10% of all fatal injuries are caused by pesticides (ILO, 1996)� Obsolete pesticides stored in developing countries - 20,000 tonnes in Africa alone

� Amenable to small-scale, local production in developing countries� Address increased public awareness of environmental and food safety� Fundamental component of Integrated Pest Management

� Natural enemies protected � Controls pests resistant to conventional pesticides

� Products available in small, niche markets that are typically unaddressed by largeagrochemical companies

In 2003, a total of 1,500 insecticides were registered in Malaysia including 8

botanical insecticides (pyrethrin) but NONE of rotenone product

POTENTIAL PRODUCT APPLICATION

NATURAL BIO-PESTICIDE RESEARCH DEVELOPED BY CEPP RESEARCH TEAM

� PROJECT TITLE: Study of environmental friendly natural bio-pesticide for agricultural and horticultural application

� Sources of natural bio-pesticide: Derris elliptica or locally known as ‘Tuba’� Potential bio-active compound: Rotenone 2 % (w/w) to 4 % (w/w) in dried roots

IMPORTANT R&D FINDINGS & CLAIMS� The active ingredient, rotenone has been successfully extracted with the efficiency

of 3.5 % (w/w) in dried roots

� The rotenone was formulated as conventional emulsifiable formulation. It has been shown to have higher activity against the diamondback moth; DPM (Plutella

xylostella) compared to conventional insecticides including the resistance strain

Larvae of diamondback moth (DBM): Plutella xylostella

(UPM Serdang, Selangor)

CURRENT STATUS OF NATURAL

BIO-PESTICIDE (ROTENONE) RESEARCH

PROJECT

Items/Research activitiesStatus

YES NO

R&D Completed About 80 % have been completed (semi product)*

Prototype Completed Xylene based formulation completed

IP Protection Applied Extraction and formulation procedure**

Industry Partner Identified Yes (Heritage Biotech (M) Sdn. Bhd)

(Since Jun 2000 until 24st April 2006)

Industry Partner Identified Yes (Heritage Biotech (M) Sdn. Bhd)

Market Survey Undertaken Yes (Done by Heritage Biotech (M) Sdn. Bhd)

Field Test/Clinical Trial Undertaken Using secondary data, two field tests conducted

Approval From Relevant Authorities No

Research Grant Applied 1) IRPA I - RM 117,000 (2 years) 2) IRPA II - RM 211,000.00 (2 years)3) INDUSTRIAL GRANT SCHEME (IGS):

RM 1,780,000.00 (2 years) ∴Status: KIV (RM9)4) Ministry of Finance (MOF) - Bridging Fund

RM 2,685,000.00 (2 years) ∴Status: Internal assessment 5) IRPA III - RM 268,200.00 (2 years) ∴ Status: KIV (RM9)

*Semi product (concentrated liquid crude extract): Yield of rotenoids resin in dried roots: ≅ 9.5 % (w/w).**Preliminary IP screening and technology assessment have been submitted through RMC, UTM Skudai.