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USING POWERPOINT TO CREATE SCIENTIFIC POSTERS PREP Workshop Saturday, January 30 Prepared by: Amy Replogle

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Page 1: USING&POWERPOINT&TO&CREATE& SCIENTIFIC&POSTERS&€¦ · SecIons&and&Content! Title&! An&effecIve&Itle&conveys&to&viewers&the&issue,&the& approach,&and&the&system&(organism).&Make&the&Itle&

USING  POWERPOINT  TO  CREATE  SCIENTIFIC  POSTERS  

PREP  Workshop  Saturday,  January  30  Prepared  by:  Amy  Replogle  

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Things  to  Remember  About  Poster  Sessions  

¨  Most  scienIfic  meeIngs  feature  far  more  posters  than  they  do  oral  presentaIons  

¨  A  conference  or  meeIng  is  oLen  the  first  place  that  scienIfic  researchers  present  their  research  

¨  The  poster  session  will  probably  occur  in  a  large  exhibiIon  hall  in  which  hundreds  of  posters  are  presented  in  a  single  session  and  mulIple  sessions  are  presented  each  day  

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Goals  For  EffecIve  Posters  

¨  Two  Goals:  1.  Sufficiently  aTract  the  casual  onlooker's  aTenIon  so  

that  he  or  she  will  stop  and  take  a  second  look  2.  To  concisely  communicate  the  results  of  your  

research  

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Principles  of  EffecIve  Posters  

¨  A  poster  should  present  an  overview  of  your  work  ¤  A  casual  viewer  should  be  able  to  glean  your  message  in  3  to  5  minutes  and  read  all  the  text  in  10  minutes  

¨  A  poster  should  be  organized  in  secIons  in  a  way  that's  similar  to  how  a  scienIfic  arIcle  or  oral  presentaIon  is  structured:  ¤  IntroducIon,  methods,  results,  and  conclusions  

¨  A  poster  should  have  a  main  Itle  that's  readable  from  10  feet  away  ¤  A  general  rule  is  to  use  a  72-­‐point  type  and  a  easy  to  read  font  such  as  Times New Roman,  Arial,  or  Calibri  

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Principles  of  EffecIve  Posters  Cont’d  

¨  A  poster  should  have  body  text  that's  readable  from  4  to  6  feet  away,  the  same  is  true  for  pictures  or  graphs  ¤ Use  20-­‐point  or  24-­‐point  type  and  a  and  a  easy  to  read  font  such  as  Times New Roman,  Arial,  or  Calibri  

¤ Wherever  possible,  use  lists  of  sentences,  rather  than  blocks  of  text  

¨  A  poster  should  have  one  or  two  fonts  and  a  simple  color  scheme  ¤  I  usually  sIck  with  three  complemenIng  colors  ¤  A  good  place  to  look  for  colors  that  work  well  together  is  MarthaStewart.com  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  Title  ¤  An  effecIve  Itle  conveys  to  viewers  the  issue,  the  approach,  and  the  system  (organism).  Make  the  Itle  catchy  (but  not  gimmicky)  in  order  to  reel  in  potenIal  viewers.  Maximum  length:  1  to  2  lines  

¤  Below  the  Itle  include  the  authors  and  their  affiliaIon  n  Students  first,  then  collaborators,  and  mentor/teacher  last  

Perception of CLE peptides in Arabidopsis during Cyst Nematode Pathogenesis

Amy Replogle1, Jianying Wang1, and Melissa G. Mitchum1

1Division of Plant Sciences and Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO  

Line  shadow  helps  bring  out  light  colored  text  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  IntroducIon  ¤ Get  your  viewer  interested  about  the  issue  or  quesIon  while  using  the  absolute  minimum  of  background  informaIon  and  definiIons    

¤ Quickly  place  your  issue  in  the  context  of  published,  primary  literature.  Provide  a  descripIon  and  jusIficaIon  of  your  general  experimental  approach,  and  give  a  hint  at  why  your  study  organism  is  ideal  for  such  research.  Be  sure  to  also  give  a  clear  hypothesis  

¤ Use  a  photograph  in  this  secIon  to  quickly  orient  your  viewers  

¤ Maximum  length:  approximately  200  words  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  IntroducIon  Example  

Introduc)on  §  The  Soybean  Cyst  Nematode  causes  billions  of  dollars  in  damage  annually  in  

crop  loss  §  Soybean  cyst  nematodes  successfully  infect  host  roots  by  forming  unique  

feeding  sites,  called  syncyIa,  to  support  their  growth  and  development  §  Cyst  nematodes  secrete  proteins  produced  in  the  esophageal  gland  cells  

through  the  stylet  into  the  apoplast  or  cytoplasm  of  selected  plant  cells  to  developmentally  reprogram  cell  fate  for  syncyIum  development  

§  CLE  pepIdes  which  are  secreted  by  nematodes  during  infecIon  have  been  idenIfied  in  many  plants,  and  act    as  signaling  molecules  regulaIng  different  aspects  of  plant  development  

§  Overexpression  studies  and  receptor  screens  show  that  nematode  CLEs  can  funcIon  as  plant  CLEs  which  suggests  a  potenIal  role  for  ligand  mimicry  in  cyst  nematode  parasiIsm  of  host  plant  roots  to  dedifferenIate  root  cells  into  syncyIa  

   

When  inserIng  pictures  it’s  always  good  to  outline  them  

Figure  1:  (A)  Nematode  secreIons  are  produced  in  the  esophageal  gland  cells  and  released  through  valves  within  the  ampulla  for  transport  out  of  the  stylet  into  host  Issue.  (B)  A  model  of  potenIal  interacIons  of  nematode  secreted  effectors  with  host  plant  cells.    

You  should  have  a  figure  legend  for  any  pictures  or  graphs  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  Materials  and  Methods:  ¤  Briefly  describe  experimental  equipment  and  methods.  Consider  these  guidelines:  n  Use  figures  and  tables  to  illustrate  experimental  design,  if  possible  

n  Use  flowcharts  to  summarize  reacIon  steps  or  Iming  of  experimental  procedures  

n  Include  photograph  or  labeled  drawing  of  organism  (if  not  already  in  introducIon)  

n MenIon  staIsIcal  analyses  that  were  used  and  how  they  allowed  you  to  address  hypothesis.  Maximum  length:  approximately  200  words  

n Materials  and  Methods  are  someImes  combined  with  the  results  secIon  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  Results  ¤ Make  an  opening  statement  that  describes  whether  or  not  the  experiment  worked.  

¤  In  the  second  sentence  briefly  describe  qualitaIve  and  descripIve  results  

¤  Begin  presentaIon  of  data  analysis  that  more  specifically  addresses  the  hypothesis  

¤  Refer  to  supporIng  charts  or  images,  and  provide  engaging  figure  legends  that  can  stand  on  their  own.  

¤  Provide  tables  with  legends,  too,  but  opt  for  figures  wherever  possible.    

¤ Maximum  length:  approximately  200  words,  not  including  figure  legends.  

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SecIons  and  Content  –  Results  Example  Results  

 The  mutant  and  wildtype  genotypes  responded  similarly  to  changes  in  pH  

 •  ALer  30  day  in  pH  3,  5,  and  8  the  overall  health  of  the  plants  were  the  

same  between  the  mutant  and  wildtype.  •  The  height  of  mutant  and  wildtype  plants  on  pH  3,  5,  and  8  averaged    15,  

30,  and  25cm  respecIvely  aLer  30  days  (Figure  1).  •  The  Ime  to  flowering  on  pH  3,  5,  and  8  averaged  25,  32,  and  24  days  

respecIvely  (Figure  2).  

   

0  5  10  15  20  25  30  35  

3   5   8  

Average  He

ight  (cm)  

pH  

Wildtype  

Mutant  

Figure  1.  Wildtype  and  mutant  Arabidopsis  plants  were  grown  in  metro  mix  and  watered  with  3  different  pH  soluIons  once  a  week.  ALer  30  days  we  saw  no  difference  in  height  between  the  wildtype  (n  =  30)  and  mutant  genotypes  (n=36).  

0  5  

10  15  20  25  30  35  

3   5   8  

Days  to

 Flowering  

pH  

Wildtype  

Mutant  

Figure  2.  Wildtype  and  mutant  Arabidopsis  plants  were  grown  in  metro  mix  and  watered  with  3  different  pH  soluIons  once  a  week.  ALer  30  days  we  saw  no  difference  in  flowering  Ime  between  the  wildtype  (n  =  30)  and  mutant  genotypes  (n=36)  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  Conclusions  ¤ Remind  the  viewer  of  hypothesis  and  result,  and  quickly  state  whether  your  hypothesis  was  supported  

¤ Be  sure  to  discuss  why  your  results  are  conclusive  and  interesIng  

¤ Point  out  both  the  relevance  of  your  findings  to  other  published  work  and  the  relevance  to  real  organisms  in  the  real  world  

¤  Include  the  future  direcIons  of  your  research,  or  what  you  would  like  to  see  done  

¤ Maximum  length:  approximately  300  words  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  OpIonal  SecIons  ¤ Literature  Cited  

n  Include  a  citaIon  if  you  used  a  paper  for  experimental  design  or  used  to  support  your  work  

¤ Acknowledgements  n Thank  individuals  for  their  specific  contribuIons  to  your  project  (equipment  donaIon,  staIsIcal  advice,  laboratory  assistance,  comments  on  earlier  versions  of  the  poster)  

n MenIon  who  has  provided  funding  

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SecIons  and  Content  

¨  Any  quesIons  about  what  to  include  on  a  poster?  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Set-­‐Up  

q  Open  PowerPoint  q  Under  the  “Home”  tab,  in  the  “Slides”  secIon,  

select  “Layout”  and  choose  “Blank”  

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Making  the  Poster  -­‐  Size  

q  Under  the  “Design”  tab,  select  “Page  Setup”  q  Under  “Slides  sized  for”,  scroll  down  and  choose  “Custom”  q  Enter  the  appropriate  width  and  height  (example:  48”  X  42”).  

Keep  number  of  slides  at  “1”  and  orientaIon  at  “Landscape”  *  If  these  steps  aren’t  done  before  creaIng  the  poster  this  could  

result  all  your  hard  work  becoming  distorted.  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Color  Scheme  

¨  Think  about  your  color  scheme  and  layout.  Remember  to  keep  it  simple.  Some  like  to  have  text  or  figures  in  outlined  boxes,  others  think  this  looks  cluTered:  

Title  

Body    

Heading  

Title  

Heading  

Body  Body    

Heading  

Body    

Heading   Heading  

Body  

Heading  

Body  

Heading  

Body  

Heading  

Body  

Heading  

Body  

Title  

Heading  

Body  

Body    

Heading  

Body    

Heading  

Body    

Heading  

Heading  

Body  Heading  

Body  

Heading  

Body  Heading  

Body  Heading  

Body  

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Making  the  Poster  -­‐  Background  ¨  In  the  “Design”  tab,  you  can  pre-­‐select  a  “Theme”.  Usually  a  backgrounds  without  graphics  are  the  best.  

¨  AlternaIvely,  In  the  “Design”  tab,  you  can  also  select  “Background  Styles”.  This  gives  you  the  choice  of  having  a  solid  color  or  gradient.  The  best  gradients  are  either  very  dark  or  very  light  so  text  can  be  read  on  top  of  them.      

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Making  the  Poster  -­‐  Background  

¨  In  “Background  Styles”,  select  “Format  Background”,  and  you  can  choose  the  color.  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Adding  Text  

¨  In  the  “Home”  tab,  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar  and  select  the  “Text  Box”  opIon  

¨  Draw  the  Text  Box  where  you  want  it  ¨  Start  typing  ¨  To  change  font  type  or  size  see  blue  circle  ¨  To  change  the  color  of  Text  Box,  select  “Shape  Fill”  in  “Drawing”  tool  bar  and  select  the  color  and  paTern  if  desired  

¨  This  is  one  way  to  make  colored  Itle  or  heading  bars  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Add  Text  to  Shapes  

¨  In  the  “Home”  tab,  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar  and  select  a  shape  that  you  would  like  to  draw  

¨  Right  click  on  the  object  ¨  Scroll  down  and  select  “Edit  Text”  ¨  Start  typing  

Increasing  pH  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Adding  Graphs  

¨  Record  the  data  and  make  the  graph  in  Excel  ¤  See  sample  Excel  sheet  

¨  In  Excel,  select  the  graph  by  clicking  on  it  ¨  In  the  “Home”  tab  of  Excel  select  “Copy”  OR  once  the  graph  is  

selected  you  can  hold  down  “ctrl+c”  ¨  In  PowerPoint,  in  the  “Home”  tab  select  “Paste”  OR  once  in  your  

poster  slide  hold  down  “ctrl+v”  ¨  The  color  of  the  bars  will  automaIcally  change  to  the  color  scheme  

of  the  slide  theme  

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

Ler   crn-­‐1   clv2-­‐1   crn-­‐1/clv2-­‐1  

14  dpi  

30  dpi  

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Making  the  Poster  –  EdiIng  the  Graph  

¨  To  resize  the  graph:  ¤ Place  your  cursor  over  the  corners,  click  and  drag  to  resize  height  and  width  equally  

¤ Us  the  top,  boTom,  or  sides  to  resize  those  separately  

¨  To  change  the  layout,  color  scheme,  or  edit  data  for  the  the  whole  graph,  double  click  on  it:  

 

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Making  the  Poster  –  EdiIng  the  Graph  

¨  To  change  the  color  of  a  series  (i.e.  14  dpi):  ¤ Click  on  one  of  those  colored  bars  ¤  In  the  “Home”  tab,  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar  and  select  “Shape  Fill”  and  choose  the  color  you  want  

¨  To  change  the  color  of  an  individual  bar  (i.e.  Ler  14  dpi):  ¤ Click  twice  on  the  bar,  then  change  color  as  above  

0  2  4  6  8  10  12  14  16  18  

Ler   crn-­‐1   clv2-­‐1   crn-­‐1/clv2-­‐1  

14  dpi  

30  dpi  

Example:  

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Making  the  Poster  –  Adding  Tables  ¨  Record  the  data  and  make  the  table  in  Excel  

¤  See  sample  Excel  sheet  ¤  Remember  to  fill  in  table  with  white  background  

¨  In  Excel,  select  the  table  by  highlighIng  all  the  cells  ¤  Hint:  Click  the  top  leL  cell,  hold  shiL  down  while  clicking  the  boTom  right  cell,  now  all  cells  

should  be  selected  ¨  In  the  “Home”  tab  of  Excel  select  “Copy”  OR  once  the  table  is  selected  you  can  hold  

down  “ctrl+c”  ¨  In  PowerPoint,  in  the  “Home”  tab  select  the  arrow  under  “Paste”  and  click  “Paste  

Special”  ¨  Select  to  past  as  “MicrosoL  Office  Excel  Worksheet  Object”,  click  “OK”  

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Making  the  Posters  –  EdiIng  Tables  

¨  You  can  change  the  size  and  even  edit  cells  directly  in  PowerPoint:  

Using  “Paste  Special”  without  white  background  

Using  “Paste  Special”  with  white  background  

Using  “Paste”  

Treatment Genotype Avg Length (mm) StdEr Control Col-0 70.98 1.65 pH 5.0 Col-0 14.41 0.95 pH 5.9 Col-0 13.34 0.81 pH 7.0 Col-0 8.79 0.33

Treatment Genotype Avg Length (mm) StdErControl Col-0 70.98 1.65pH 5.0 Col-0 14.41 0.95pH 5.9 Col-0 13.34 0.81pH 7.0 Col-0 8.79 0.33

Treatment Genotype Avg Length (mm) StdErControl Col-0 70.98 1.65pH 5.0 Col-0 14.41 0.95pH 5.9 Col-0 13.34 0.81pH 7.0 Col-0 8.79 0.33

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Making  the  Poster  –  Adding  Pictures  

¨  There  are  two  ways  to  add  images:  ¤ Click  on  the  “Insert”  tab  

¤ Choose  what  you  want  to  insert  n “Picture”  –  File  is  somewhere  on  your  computer  

n  This  will  open  windows  explorer,  find  the  picture  you  want,  click  “Insert”  

n “Clip  Art”  –  File  within  MicrosoL  Office  n  This  will  open  a  search  window  in  PowerPoint.  Enter  a  keyword  for  what  you  are  looking  for  and  click  “Go”  

n  Click  on  the  Clip  Art  you  want  and  it  will  be  added  to  your  slide  

 

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Making  the  Poster  –  Adding  Pictures  

¨  Copy  and  Paste  ¤  You  can  use  pictures  from  the  web,  but  make  sure  you  cite  your  source  

¤  Example:  Google  search  images  for  “Arabidopsis”  

¤  Find  the  picture  you  want,  right  click  on  it,  select  “Copy  Image”  

¤  Go  back  to  your  PowerPoint  Slide,  right  click  on  the  slide,  select  “Paste”  

¤  CAUTION:  Some  images  from  the  web  may  become  distorted  on  posters  because  they  do  not  scale  well.  Try  to  find  images  with  high  resoluIon  (600  pixels  or  higher)  

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Making  the  Poster  –  EdiIng  Pictures  

¨  Click  on  the  image  you  want  to  edit  ¨  Go  to  the  “Format”  tab  

Example:  

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Tips  and  Tricks  –  SelecIng  Objects  

¨  Moving  mulIple  objects  ¤  SelecIng  many:  

n  Place  cursor  on  slide  where  you  see  it  as  pointer,  not  the  sizing  cursor  

n  Hold  down  the  leL  mouse  buTon  and  drag  over  the  objects  you  want  to  move  

n  All  objects  are  now  selected  within  that  area  and  you  can  move  them  as  a  group  

¤  SelecIng  a  few:  n  Click  on  the  first  object  you  want  n  Hold  down  the  ctrl  buTon  or  the  shiL  buTon  and  click  on  the  second  object  you  want  

n  You  can  now  move  these  objects  together  n  This  will  work  for  as  many  objects  as  you  want  to  select  

 

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Tips  and  Tricks  –  SelecIng  small  Objects  

¨  SelecIng  small  objects  in  a  drawing  ¤ SomeImes  you  might  draw  something  and  then  want  to  change  the  color  of  one  of  the  objects  that  might  be  hard  to  select  

¤  In  the  “Home”  tab,  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar,  select  “Arrange”  

¤   Select  “SelecIon  Pane”  ¤ This  will  show  you  a  list  of  all  the  shapes  on  the  slide  and  as  you  click  them  that  shape  will  become  selected  on  the  screen   Example:  

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Tips  and  Tricks  –  Grouping  Objects  

¨  Grouping  Objects  ¤  SomeImes  you  will  hand  draw  a  figure  and  it  will  always  be  moved  together  

¤  Select  all  objects  in  the  figure  ¤  In  the  “Home”  tab,  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar,  select  “Arrange”  

¤  Select  “Group”  ¤  All  selected  objects  are  now  one  big  object  ¤  This  can  always  be  undone  by  going  to  the  same  menu  and  selecIng  “Ungroup”  

Example:  

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Tips  and  Tricks  -­‐  Alignment  

¨  A  quick  way  to  make  everything  look  neat  aLer  inserIng  pictures,  text  boxes,  or  objects  

¨  Select  the  objects  you  want  to  align  ¨  Go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar  in  the  “Home”  tab,  select  “Arrange”  ¨  Select  “Align”  and  choose  the  alignment  you’d  like  to  perform  

Nematode  CLE  Overexpression  in  clv2-­‐1  

Example:  

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Tips  and  Tricks  –  Grids  and  Guides  

¨  SomeImes  if  you  can’t  get  an  object  exactly  where  you  want  it,  turn  off  “Snap  Objects  to  Grid”  ¤  Right  click  anywhere  on  slide  ¤  Select  “Grid  and  Guides”  ¤  Uncheck  “Snap  Objects  to  grid”  

¨  You  can  also  display  a  grid  on  the  slide  to  help  align  items  or  balance  your  poster  

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Tips  and  Tricks  –  EdiIng  Objects  

¨  AnyIme  you  want  to  change  the  fill  or  outline  of  a  shape,  click  on  it,  and  go  to  the  “Drawing”  tool  bar  under  the  “Home”  tab  and  select  what  you’d  like  to  edit  on  the  object:  

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Tips  and  Tricks  

Save  OLen  

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Anything  else  you  want  to  know  about  making  a  poster  in  PowerPoint?