using green wall systems as a new model for energy …

USING GREEN WALL SYSTEMS AS A NEW MODEL FOR ENERGY SAVINGS AND BUIDING'S VENTILATION AIR CLEANING FROM POLUTANTS

doc. dr Budimir SUDIMAC, prof. dr Aleksandara KRSTIĆ-FURUNDŽIĆ, Anđela DUBLJEVIĆ

48. Međunarodni kongres i izložba o KGH, Beograd, 6–8.12.2017.48th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition, Belgrade, 6–8 Dec. 2017

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University of Belgrade- Faculty of Architecture

KORIŠĆENJE ZELENIH ZIDNIH SISTEMA KAO NOVIH MODELA ZA ŠTEDNJU ENERGIJE I ČIŠĆENJE VENTILACIONOG VAZDUHA ZGRADA OD POLUTANATA


2University of Belgrade- Faculty of Architecture


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Green wall Systems contribute positively to the improvement of the built environment:

– Aesthetics – urban landscaping– Support to biodiversity– Noise reduction– Energy savings – Heat island reduction



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TYPE OF GREEN WALL SYSTEMS



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Public Benefits of Green Walls



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Private Benefits of Green Walls



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The main mechanisms of Green Walls as passive tool for energy savings are:

– Shade effect: Interception of the solar radiation by the plants– Cooling effect: Due to the transpiration from the plants– Insulation effect: Air layer create in the foliage– Wind barrier effect: Variation of the direct wind effect over the building façade by the plants and the support structure



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Poslednjih 100 godina



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Poslednjih 1000 godina


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The last 400,000 years

Click to edit Master title style

Click to edit Master subtitle style

2001 godina

Projektovano 2100 god.

?

Poslednjih 400 000 godina


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Organski Polutanti u vazduhu

Predstavljaju prisustvo supstanci u bilo kojim atmosferskim uslovima, čija je koncentracija veća od normalne (ambijentalne), koje prouzrokuju odgovarajuće efekte na čoveka, životinje,vegetaciju ili

materijale

Supstance koje se javljaju u vazduhu:1. Prirodne2. Antropogene (veštački napravljene)

U atmosferi postoje kao:• Gasovi• Kapi• Čvrste čestice

Klasifikacija zagadjenja vazduha• Prema hemijskom sastavu• Prema fizičkom stanju• Prema načinu na koji dolaze u atmosferu• Prema veličini prostora na koji deluju



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P1:avg 44.5

P2:avg 36.5

+36.3

L1

P3:avg 38.6+49.4

+59.1

+52.3

+35.4

26.2

59.9 °C

30

35

40

45

50

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Vidna temperaturna razlika delova koji su obrasli bršljenom i slobodnih površina: markirane površine sa

temperaturnom razlikom od 80C.

Na delovima fasade pod neposrednim osunčanjem maksimalna temperaturna očitavanja od +59,10C.

Glavni izvori zagadjenja u vazduhu• Transport• Industrijska i kućna izgaranja goriva

• Industrijski procesi

Receptori• Ljudski organizmi• Životinje• Biljke• Materijali



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MODEL 1



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MODEL 1



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MODEL 1



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MODEL 1



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MODEL 2



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MODEL 2



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MODEL 2



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1/1

25.8.2015 10:26:38 °C

Bx1Bx2

Bx3

Sp1Sp2

Sp3

Sp4

Sp5

Sp6

Sp7

Sp8

Sp9

Sp10

Sp11

Sp12

Li1Li2

Li3

26,1

5,5IR_1291.jpg FLIR E40 49028804

Measurements °CBx1 Max 13,9

Min 12,9Average 13,4

Bx2 Max 16,7Min 4,5Average 12,2

Bx3 Max 29,6Min 10,0Average 15,7

Sp1 12,3Sp2 6,3Sp3 14,6Sp4 6,0Sp5 12,6Sp6 11,2Sp7 15,4Sp8 18,3Sp9 6,7Sp10 13,2Sp11 14,4Sp12 24,3Li1 Max 14,1

Min 7,7Average 12,2

Li2 Max 15,7Min 5,7Average 11,9

Li3 Max 20,9Min 11,1Average 14,5

ParametersEmissivity 0.66Refl. temp. 42 °C

25.8.2015 10:26:38

DC_1292.jpg

1/1

25.8.2015 10:25:22 °CBx1

Sp1

Sp2

Sp3

Sp4

Sp5

Sp6

Sp7

Sp8

20,9

8,6IR_1281.jpg FLIR E40 49028804

Measurements °CBx1 Max 22,7

Min 8,1Average 13,7

Sp1 13,1Sp2 15,8Sp3 9,8Sp4 9,1Sp5 12,7Sp6 20,6Sp7 10,5Sp8 11,3

ParametersEmissivity 0.66Refl. temp. 42 °C

25.8.2015 10:25:22

DC_1282.jpg



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Тev – external air temperature, Теz – external wall temperature without plants, Тiz – internal wall temperature without plants, Тeu – module surface temperature, Тzs – external temperature of the wall with plants, Тzu – internal temperature of the wall with plants, Тb – the leaf surface temperature, Тzm – earth temperature, Тmu – internal temperature of the module

The tabular display of the measured temperature values in accordance to the criteria given



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Display of thermal simulation module, produced in the Program Autodesk Simulation CFD 2015

The shadow effect is evident over the wall surface temperature, reaching 14oC



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Прорачун коефицијента пролаза топлоте и параметара дифузије [*]

Oznaka sklopa: z2, Tip konstrukcije: Spoljni zid, Deo termičkog omotača

Rsi=0.13 m²K/W Rse=0.04 m²K/W ν min=15 η min=7

U max=0.4 W/m²K Fx=1 U=0.613 W/m²K

num d[cm] Opis ρ c λ μ

[kg/m³] [J/kgK] [W/mK] [-]

1 2 Produžni krečni malter 1800.0 1050.0 0.870 20.0

2 12Opeka puna(25cm)+Produžni krečni malter(1cm)

1607.7 925.0 0.649 9.4

3 4 Kamena vuna 30.0 840.0 0.038 1.0

4 3Vazdušni sloj, neprovetravani, vertikalni

1.3 1000.0 0.188 1.0

5 1.25 Aquapanel Outdoor 1150.0 840.0 0.320 19.0

1 2 3 4 5

num d Opis R ΔΘ Θ ΔΘ.dif Θ.dif Δp p' p i/e r S24 D u24

[m²K/W] [ºC] [ºC] [ºC] [ºC] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [m] [W/m²K] [-] [W/m²K]

/ / Unutra / / 20 / 20 / 2.337 / / / / /

/ / Prelaz 0.13 2.560 17.440 1.994 18.006 0.273 2.064 1.285 / / / /

1 2 Produžni krečni malter 0.023 0.453 16.987 0.353 17.653 0.045 2.019 1.084 0.400 10.90 0.25 9.06

2 12Opeka puna(25cm)+Produžni krečni malter(1cm) 0.185 3.643 13.344 2.837 14.816 0.334 1.685 0.516 1.131 8.35 1.54 8.35

3 4 Kamena vuna 1.053 20.737 -7.393 16.150 -1.334 1.139 0.547 0.496 0.040 0.26 0.28 0.86

4 3Vazdušni sloj, neprovetravani, vertikalni 0.160 3.151 -10.544 2.454 -3.788 0.102 0.445 0.481 0.030 0.13 0.02 0.76

5 1.25 Aquapanel Outdoor 0.039 0.768 -11.312 0.598 -4.387 0.022 0.423 0.361 0.238 4.73 0.18 1.58

/ / Prelaz 0.04 0.788 / 0.613 / 0.022 / / / / / /

/ / Spolja / / -12.1 / -5.0 / 0.401 / / / 2.28 /

/ / Ukupno 1.630 / / / / / / / / / 5.03 /

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Grafikon temperatura

20.00

17.4416.99

13.34

-7.39

-10.54-11.31

-12.10

1 2 3 4 5

Grafikon difuzijedebljina slojeva je srazmerna sa difuznim otporom slojeva

1.292.06

1.082.02

0.521.69 0.50 0.550.48 0.44

0.36 0.42

Provera letnje stabilnostiFaktor prigušenja amplitude oscilacije temperature ν= 37.8 >= ν.min= 15 , sklop zadovoljava

Faktor kašnjenja amplitude oscilacije temperature η= 5.1 < η.min= 7 , ali faktor prigušenja ν > 35, te sklopsklop zadovoljava

Provera kondezacijeKondezacija u sloju 4, ; 3.9 dana za isušenje ; Isušenje u roku od 90dana

Provera koeficijenta prolaza toploteOsnovni U= 0.613 W/m²K

Korigovani Korekcije se koriste:

ΔUg= 0.000 W/m²K ; ΔUf = 0.050 W/m²K ; ΔU = 0.050 W/m²K

Uc= 0.663 W/m²K, U max=0.4 W/m²K, Uc > Umax, sklop NE zadovoljava

KnaufTerm2S v.26.7

Regul. of Serbia



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Time 12 14 18

Heat increases (kW) July 238.57 246.03 256.76

Heat increases (kW) August 239.14 246.59 257.32

Tabular comparative display of the calculated heat gains for the building of the Departmental store for the period of July – August, the Improved status

Graphic display of comparative values of the calculated heat gains for the building of the Departmental store in the Varesh Str., Belgrade, for the months of July and August – the existing status, 1=12, 2=14, 3=18 hours

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1 2 3

Heatincreases(kW)July

Heatincreases(kW)August


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