ush2 unit 5: america and the world lesson 5.4 = the cold war and korea
TRANSCRIPT
COLD WAR: SUPERPOWERS FACE OFF
• Background to the Cold War:
• COMMUNISM VS. DEMOCRACY
• 1917 RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
• 1939 NON AGGRESSION PACT
• DELAYED 2ND FRONT
DIFFERING GOALS• USA• ENCOURAGE
DEMOCRACY THROUGHOUT WORLD
• REBUILD EUROPEAN GOV’TS TO PROMOTE STABILITY AND CREATE NEW MARKETS FOR US GOODS
• REUNITE GERMANY TO INCREASE SECURITY OF EUROPE
DIFFERING GOALS• USSR• ENCOURAGE
COMMUNISM AS PART OF A WORLDWIDE WORKERS REVOLUTION
• REBUILD ITS WAR-RAVAGED ECONOMY BY USING EASTERN EUROPES INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT AND RAW MATERIALS
• CONTROL EASTERN EUROPE TO CREATE A BUFFER ZONE
• KEEP GERMANY DIVIDED TO PREVENT FUTURE AGGRESSION
IRON CURTAIN• SOVIETS TAKE OVER
EASTERN EUROPE = SATELLITE NATIONS
• IN POTSDAM, STALIN ANNOUNCES THAT DEMOCRACY AND COMMUNISM CANNOT CO-EXIST
• WE REMIND STALIN THAT WE HAVE THE A-BOMB
• WINSTON CHURCHILL MAKES FAMOUS “IRON CURTAIN SPEECH” IN 1946.
• HE CALLS ON THE UNITED STATES TO ONCE AGAIN SAVE THE WORLD FROM OPPRESSION
• STALIN CALLS SPEECH A DECLARATION OF WAR
CONTAINMENT• LONG TELEGRAM =
COMMUNISM MUST BE “CONTAINED”, AND THEREFOR CAN BE DEFEATED W/OUT WAR
• TRUMAN DOCTRINE = GIVE SUPPORT TO ANY COUNTRY THAT NEEDS HELP AGAINST COMMUNISM
• GOAL IS TO NOT ALLOW COMMUNISM TO SPREAD
• MARSHALL PLAN, 1947= USA OFFERS TO HELP ANY NATION REBUILD AFTER WWII (BRILLIANT)
AP• What is containment?
• What is the Truman Doctrine?
• What is the significance of the Marshall Plan?
BERLIN AIRLIFT = The First Cold War Crisis• 1948-1949, STALIN HOLD
WEST BERLIN HOSTAGE IN AN ATTEMPT TO GAIN CONTROL OF ALL OF BERLIN.
• CLOSE TO WAR, WE INSTEAD AIRLIFT SUPPLIES FOR 11 MONTHS = COLD WAR VICTORY-VIDEO “BERLIN AIRLIFT”
COLD WAR DIVIDES THE WORLD• CHINA FALLS TO
COMMUNISM IN 1949• USSR TESTS FIRST
NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN 1949
• BRINKMANSHIP AND DETERENCE BECOME POLICY
• ARMS RACE• NATO FORMED IN 1949• WARSAW PACT FORMED
IN 1955
THE COLD WAR TURNS HOT IN KOREA
• AFTER WWII DIVIDED AT THE 38TH PARALLEL (PG 977)
• NORTH = BACKED BY USSR• SOUTH = BACKED BY USA• USSR GAMBLES THAT USA
WILL NOT DEFEND SOUTH = SUPPLIES NORTH FOR INVASION
• USA LANDS AT INCHON = PUSHES NORTH TO YALU RIVER = CHINA SURPRISE ATTACKS
• FIGHTING ENDS IN CEASE FIRE (1953)
• MARKS MILITARY BUILD UP
Learning Log• What is your definition of the Cold
War?• Summarize the causes of the Cold
War?• How did the Soviet Union react to
Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech?• How did the Long Telegram influence
US Foreign policy?• How did the Truman Doctrine and
the Marshall plan address the spread of communism?
• What was the result of the Berlin Airlift?
• What agreement did NATO members make to one another?
• What originally led to the formation of two Koreas?
• Who fought in the Korean War?• What was the outcome of the Korean
War?