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USGS-NOAA Joint Office for Mapping and Research
GREAT LAKES COASTAL MAPPING WORKSHOP
October 29-31, 1990
Held at the
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Woods Hole, MA
Edited by
Polloni, C.F.
Open File Report 91-20
This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature. Any use of tradenames is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USGS.
December 1990
CONTENTS
I. Introduction ii
II. Agenda iv
III. Workshop Abstracts 1
IV. Selected bibliography 28
FIGURES
la. Great Lakes Drainage Basin vi
APPENDIX
A. Proposed Membership/Assoc. GLGIS Coord. Comm. 29
B. Objectives 33
C. Proposed products 35
D. Database Workshops Agendas(USGS/NOAA, RTCM, USCG) 37
E. List of Attendees/Mailing List 39
INTRODUCTION
The Great Lakes Coastal Mapping Plan (Folger and others, 1990) was
developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) and the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) in response to a
congressional mandate to update the coastal maps around the U. S.
side of the Great Lakes with particular emphasis on areas
undergoing severe (>1 ft/yr) erosion. Within the plan is a
requirement to develop a cartographic and geologic database
integrated with a Geographic Information System (GIS) that will be
easily accessible to the user community.
This workshop was convened to investigate some of the problems
associated with developing the database and GIS within the context
of the large community of State and Federal Agencies that have
management responsibilities in the Great Lakes. Several prior
meetings concerned with Great Lakes GIS developement have been held
in Detroit (Parks and others, 1989; Gauthier and others, 1990),
Cleveland (Law and others, 1990), and in Windsor, Ontario (Horvath,
1990). From these a Great Lakes GIS Coordinating Committee
(GLGISCC) has been organized (Appendix A) that will serve as an
advisory group to NOAA and USGS during the Great Lakes Mapping
Program.
11
The focus and agenda of this workshop resulted from discussions
formulated in the first meeting (Appendix B) of the GLGISCC at the
International Joint Commission (IJC) offices in Windsor, Ontario
in May of 1990. The three main objectives of this workshop were
to discuss (1) CIS system interoperability, (2) data transfer
standards, and (3) data distribution. The CIS systems will be
capable of deriving products (Appendix C) as specified in the Great
Lakes Coastal Mapping Plan.
Included below are summaries1 of talks addressing these subjects
that were given by members of the GLGISTCC, and invited speakers
from the various State, Provincial, and Federal Agencies, academia,
and private industry. The workshop concluded with a panel
discussion that set forth problems and objectives for future
meetings.
1Some participants sent in proposed abstracts. Others I have summarized from the audio tape. These are noted "summary".
111
USGS-NOAA Joint Office for Mapping and Research
GREAT LAKES COASTAL MAPPING WORKSHOP
NOS, USGS, and RTCMWOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION
Woods Hole, MA 02543
PURPOSE: To review work accomplished and discuss plans for FY 91 and beyond.
MONDAY, October 29, Overview
Workshop Introduction and Coastal Mapping Session A
1330 -1345 Introduction - Arthur Gaines, W H OI Marine Policy CenterRobert Gagosian, Associate Director for Research
1345 -1415 USCG ECDIS activities - Lee Alexander, USCG, Groton, Ct
1415 -1445 RTCM/ WHOI ECDIS test bed program - Mort Rogoff
1445 -1515 Coffee and discussion
1515 -1520 Coastal Mapping-Welcome to Woods Hole - Dave Folger
1520 -1530 Introduction to Mapping Workshop - Chris Polloni
1530 -1600 USACE Great Lakes Coastal GIS - Roger Gauthier, USACE
1600 -1630 Great Lakes States GIS - Frank Horvath, Michigan DNR
1630 -1700 GIS data interchange - Bill Enslin, Michigan State Univ.
1700 -1730 Discussion
IV
GREAT LAKES COASTAL MAPPING WORKSHOP
TUESDAY, 30 October, Technical sessions
0820 - 0830 Coastal Mapping Session B - Dave Folger, USGS
0830 - 0900 NOAA Mapping Systems - Chris Andreason, NOAA,NOS
0900 - 0930 Status of SDTS - Karen Irby, USGS, NMD
0930 -1000 Coastwatch data distribution - George Leshkevich,GLERL
1000 - 1030 Coffee and Discussion
1030 - 1100 Ontario Province data distribution - Mark Law, MNR
1100-1130 GIS Production applications in Ontario - Del Coleman,Geomatics
1130 -1200 Discussion
1200 -1325 LUNCH
1325 - 1330 Coastal Mapping Session C - Chris Polloni, USGS
1330 - 1400 Canadian Centre for IW, GIS Applications - Laurie Maynard,CCIW
1400 - 1430 CD-ROM Atlas production - Russ Ambroziak, USGS, OEMG
1430 - 1500 USGS/NOAA Joint Office Products - Chris Andreason
1500 -1515 coffee
1515 -1530 Hazard/Damage Assessment Model, Will Knauss, ASA
1530 - 1545 Electronic Charting in an INS, Richard Gregory-Alien, Laser Plot
1545 -1600 Data Management Systems for the Great Lakes - Chris Polloni
1600 -1700 Discussion panel "Great Lakes Data Distribution"
Don Parsons, IJC, moderator
Christian Andreason, NOAA Roger Gauthier, COE Laurie Maynard, CCIW Chris Polloni, USGS
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WORKSHOP ABSTRACTS
Coastal Mapping Session A
Development of a GIS for the U. S. Great Lakes Shoreline
Roger L. Gauthier
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit, MI 48231-1027
The Computer Mapping Center of the Detroit District, U. S. Army
Corps of Engineers (USAGE) is developing a Geographic Information
System (GIS) to contain physiographic, demographic, and economic
information of the U.S. shoreline of the Great Lakes. Emphasis is
being placed on incorporating environmental and economic data for
modeling erosion/recession, wetlands changes, and storm-surge
flooding caused by fluctuating Great Lakes water levels.
The GIS framework is developed to utilize both raster (gridded)
systems approaches and vector (linear and polygonic) mapping and
analytic capabilities. Shoreline characteristics are encoded in
a raster base and current cover/use characteristics are encoded in
vector formats. Future directions include the porting of
demographic and land value data bases into the vector domain and
linking project design files to GIS real-world depictions for
modeling and analysis.
The CIS systems being used are mostly Integraph Workstations.
These systems are tools to be applied to the large basin planning
model. The IJC study of 1988-89 provided the CIS framework for the
basin with a focus on three studies of the shoreline: 1) impacts
of storm surge, 2) flood terrain impacts, and 3) erosion. These
studies consisted of IR overflights referenced to 1:24,000 scale
base. A GIS coordination committee, to improve technical planning,
needs to meet at least twice a year to function and develop the
necessary requirements for a basin wide GIS database.
Great Lakes States GIS
Frank J. Horvath
Michigan DNR f Lansing, MI 48909
The Michigan Resource Information System (MIRIS) and the Great
Lakes Information System (GLIS) is managed by the Michigan
Department of Natural Resources(DNR). MIRIS is the parent program
of GLIS. GLIS is being expanded in cooperation with the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers (USAGE) and other states. GLIS integrates data
of all types to enhance resource management programs not only
within the state but within the basin. Michigan, being centrally
located, is affected by whatever the other states do and therefore
has an interest in the activities throughout the basin. The GLIS
program identifies needs and advocates research to fulfill those
needs.
The Saginaw Bay prototype project was conceived to develop a method
to map, classify and catalog Great Lakes coastal wetlands for
management and protection. The main issue was to determine the
extent of flood zones. Wetlands, which are important to the
integrity of the Great Lakes Basin, are under attack both by
developers and by natural processes such as erosion.
An example of cooperation between the eight Great Lakes states and
the USAGE is a project to map coastal resources of Sandusky Bay in
Lake Erie. This was done as part of -Phase I of the IJC funded
water levels reference study. The entire U.S. shoreline was
cataloged using the 64-part land-use classification which includes
4 wetlands types. This was the first time this level of detail has
been achieved. The classification system has been integrated with
the Canadians who have fewer codes.
The CIS used in the cooperative with the USAGE is an Integraph
system.
GIS Data Interchange in Michigan
William R. Enslin
Center for Remote sensing, Michigan State University, East Lansing,
MI 48824
Geographic Information System (GIS) data is currently being moved
between six principal systems (Arc/Info, C-Map, CRIES, ERDAS,
GRASS, Integraph) using one of five exchange formats (DIG, DLG,
DXF, MIRIS, SIF). The main data flow is from the Integraph-based
Michigan Resource information System (MIRIS) to over 80 sites using
PC software called C-Map which was developed at Michigan State
University.
Prior to the transfer of data to a new system, there should be an
evaluation of the acceptability of the source data for the new
application. This assessment includes such factors as data
structure, accuracy, data currency, coverage, coding scheme, data
quality, and costs.
Digital data for GIS's are still principally available only on 9-
track tapes from State and Federal Agencies. However, once the
data have been taken off tape, several organizations in Michigan
are transferring data files via other exchange media (e.g. floppy
diskette, Bernoulli cartridge, and tape cartridge). Presently,
there is very little use of CD-ROM discs or electronic
communications for GIS data interchange, yet MIRIS and several
federal agencies have plans to distribute data on CD-ROMS.
The process of running a data conversion program is usually quite
simple and relatively quick compared to the resources that may be
required for quality assessment, editing, and data restructuring.
This post-conversion process is particularly needed when moving
data from a CAD-based cartographic system to a polygon (arc/node)
GIS. Problems that may be encountered include: 1) certain entity
types are not transferable, 2) different features on the same CAD
layer, 3) character field width limits, 4) text justification, 5)
errors in original data, 6) topological consistency, 7) attribute
table restructuring, 8) mosaicking and edge matching, and 9)
conflicts in the representation of the same feature.
Looking to the future, there is a need to develop standards both
for data exchange (terms, formats, and procedures) and tailored
binary-to-binary GIS translators that support feature attributes
and polygon topology. GIS data sets must be better documented to
include information on file history and data quality. The GIS
community should establish coordination committees on data
exchange, partnerships in data sharing, and training programs.
Coastal Mapping Session B
NOAA Mapping Systems
Christian Andreasen
Chief, Nautical Charting Division, NOAA, Rockville, MD 20852
The National Ocean Service (NOS) Office of Charting and Geodetic
Services is responsible for approximately 95,000 miles of shoreline
for the United States and its territories. This includes an area
of 3.5 million square nautical miles for all US charting. To
support this activity approximately 1000 nautical charts and 700
bathymetric maps are in production. The charts are updated as
changes warrant updates. This office is also responsible for
10,000 aeronautical charts many of which are updated every 56 days.
The nautical charts are part of a totally manual system( a failed
automated effort was just shut down). A contract has been signed
with Integraph to develop an automated charting system to be on
line in 1992. Integraph equipment is currently in use at Interior
and Defense.
NOS is an advocate for standards and is assisting in the develop
ment of the DX-90 International Hydrographic Data Exchange Format
which will be discussed in a separate paper at this workshop by
Walt Winn. We are converting to NAD 83 and WGS 84 datums by year
end. Currently 17 charts are metric. All field parties have
converted to the metric system. This conversion requires a
complete revamp since you must go-back to the original source data.
It is not a simple conversion.
The NOAA fleet is being upgraded. Contractual ships will be used
as needed. To complete the survey of the territorial waters
requires 400 ship-years for nearshore work and 180 ship-years to
survey off-shore. Side-scan is being used extensively for wrecks
and obstructions. The Purse, the Great Lakes survey ship, cost an
average of one million/year. The last work in the Great Lakes was
the St. Mary's River effort that was completed last year. No work
was done this year. Any new work will be done by the Purse with
field party support.
Airborne Photogrammetry with GPS controlled aircraft to produce >1
meter resolution has been a research activity supported by NOS.
A graduate student at Ohio State is finishing a thesis on the
specifics of the system that has been developed. This capability
is available for experimental use.
New work in the Great Lakes will probably start in Lake Michigan
using GPS control at 1:10,000 scale. It may be coordinated using
a predefined nested grid. Coastal mapping will be totally
kinematic - wave heights, tides with rms at the cm level. The
funding for next year appears to be $.5 - 1 million.
8
PROMOTING THE SPATIAL DATA TRANSFER STANDARD
Karen A. Irby
U.S.G.S.,Reston, VI 22092
The success of any standard depends on its acceptance by the
community of potential users. Accordingly, the process coordinated
by the U.S. Geological Survey to develop a spatial data transfer
standard for use by Federal agencies and the earth science
professions was tailored to involve all segments of the profession,
including Federal agencies involved in mapping, private industry,
and the academic community. This development effort has been
difficult and time consuming; however, with a broad base of
involvement by a wide range of organizations, a good standard has
been produced that will significantly benefit users of spatial
data.
The Spatial Data Transfer Standard includes: 1) Logical
Specifications a conceptual model of spatial data and definitions
of fundamental cartographic objects and key terms that serve as
conceptual building blocks for the constructs presented in the
standard, a transfer specification that defines the logical file
structure for the transfer of the data, and data quality
requirements that specify the form of the quality report and
require the data provider to supply detailed information about the
data set being transferred in order for the user to evaluate the
fitness of that data for a particular use; 2) Spatial Features a
domain of cartographic entities and attributes with standard
definitions and a list of included terms to facilitate cross
referencing from user feature categories to standard categories;
and 3) ISO Implementation a mechanism that uses the existing
international standard, "Information Processing Specification for
a Data Descriptive File for Information Interchange," for physical
encoding of SDTS data. Having such a standard in place will be a
great step forward for users to interact with and transfer a
variety of digital spatial data formats between different computer
systems.
In support of the Spatial Data Transfer Standard the U.S.
Geological Survey will coordinate the development of software tools
to assist users in interfacing with the standard. The availability
of user-friendly software support tools is considered to be a
critical element that will enhance the promotion of the standard
and secure its acceptance throughout the community.
10
Great Lakes Coastwatch Data Distribution
George A. Leshkevich
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
To address critical coastal environmental problems, the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has established the Coastal
Ocean Program. Within that program NOAA Coastwatch is designed to
provide a rapid supply of up-to-date, coordinated, environmental
(remotely sensed, chemical, biological, and physical) information
to support Federal and state decision makers and researchers who
are responsible for managing the Nation's living marine resources
and ecosystems. NOAA Coastwatch focuses on specific regional and
national priorities, such as unusual environmental events (e.g. red
tides), accumulating algal biomass, and mapping wetland change.
The goal of Coastwatch is to develop and deliver environmental data
and products for near real-time monitoring of U.S. coastal waters
to support environmental science and decision making. One
objective is to provide access to near real-time and retrospective
satellite and aircraft observations for the coastal waters of the
U.S. for Federal, State, and local decision-making and supporting
research. Communications requirements and data distribution are
done electronically via the NOAA Ocean Communications Network
(NOCN).
11
As a CoastWatch Regional Site (GRS) and Regional NOCN Node (RNN)
the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory located in
Ann Arbor, Michigan is currently receiving and archiving satellite
derived surface temperature (SST) images in four Great Lakes
windows: 1) Great Lakes basin 2) Lake Superior 3) Lakes Michigan
and Huron 4) Lakes Erie and Ontario.
12
Ontario Province Data Distribution
Mark N. Law
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Toronto, Ontario M7A 1W3
Until recently the Coastal Zone Atlas prepared in 1976 by
Environment Canada and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources
(ONMR) was the only document that comprehensively mapped Ontario's
Great Lakes flood and erosion hazard shorelands. The hazard
shorelands were depicted as a series of 1:100 year flood lines and
100 year erosion lines on a set of 1:20000 air photographs taken
in 1973. Due to scale and age of the mapping the current utility
of this Atlas to provincial field staff responsible for
implementing shoreland management programs is limited.
In an effort to supply more recent and useful mapping, in 1989 the
Canada/Ontario Flood Damage Program (FDRP) initiated Great Lakes
shoreland mapping. The 1:2000 maps are produced from 1:8000 air
photographs. Furthermore a decision was made to produce digital
mapping that is GIS compatible. This has been accomplished through
the creation of new digital mapping specifications that meet both
national and provincial standards.
By December 1991 through the FOR Program approximately 40% of the
lower Great Lakes shorelands will have been mapped. The priority
is to map hazard shorelands that are or will be experiencing
13
development pressures. No mapping is currently being undertaken
on Lake Superior or the north-eastern shore of Lake Huron.
The goal of the ONMR is integrated resource management with an
ecosystem perspective. The FDRP mapping therefore only addresses
one portion of the coastal system zone. Nearshore and offshore
information is not available from this mapping. This information
is of course critical to effective management of the entire coastal
zone. Currently nearshore and offshore bathymetric data is
collected by the Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS). However
since the CHS mapping is done for the purpose of navigation this
database is a composite of a variety of scales, years, and
resolutions. Due to the differences in age, scale and resolutions,
the CHS and FDRP databases are often incompatible and therefore
should not be used as a single database in a GIS environment.
Considering the Provincial and State jurisdiction and
responsibility for coastal zone management there is a real need to
undertake comprehensive coastal zone mapping that will encompass
both on and offshore physical, biological and social factors but
only at a scale that is considered useful to the end users.
14
GIS Production Applications in Ontario
Dell E. Coleman
Geomatics International, Burlington, Ontario L7N 3M6
Geomatics International Inc. is an environmental and resource
management consulting firm which specializes in the application of
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems. There are three
principal GIS systems that are used; Tydac's SPANS software, ESRI's
ARC/INFO, and Pamap's PAMAP. We employ approximately 30
professional staff, many with 15-20 years of scientific research
experience. Their professional expertise includes; foresters, soil
scientists, remote sensing and GIS applications specialists,
computer programming specialists, and statistical and model
development.
Three examples of GIS consulting that we have done recently
represent the kind of analysis that relates to the Great Lakes
shoreline where an environmental database is needed as a reference
for land use planning and/or regulation. The first example is the
Ministry of Housing in Ontario where a 700 acre site was under
pressure for a housing development after it failed to be built as
an airport. The aim was to construct a sophisticated database of
environmental data that could be used to establish guidelines for
the land use and its eventual development. The environmental
15
database consisted of variables such as; habitat and vegetation,
surface geology, streams, aquifer, soil types, etc.. The
environmental guidelines were developed as a result of rules built
into the GIS to validate restricted areas and to provide input to
the development process.
The second example is the Fathom Five National Park which is part
of Bruce Peninsula on Lake Huron. Here we had to map the land use
types which were seasonal dwelling, vacant lots, and residential
lots. At issue here was the positioning accuracy of the base
mapping and the overlays. Edge matching was difficult in many
cases and required that one base be established and used
throughout. Both layers cannot be rubbersheeted or the error will
be compounded.
The third example is an environmental quality map set of 10
1:50,000 map sheets that had to be merged to produce a large
overview map for the client. This set required transformation from
vector to raster which is another complicated issue.
These samples demonstrate that GIS problem solving capabilities are
real. The key aspect of GIS systems is that you must define the
problem before you start.
16
Coastal Mapping Session C
Canadian Centre for Inland Waters, GIS Applications
Laurie Maynard
GIS Centre, CCIW, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6
The Great Lakes Coastal Zone Database (GLCZDB) was initiated as
part of the International Joint Commission Great Lakes Water Levels
Reference Study. Due to the bilateral nature of the IJC and the
Reference Study, and current investments in existing systems and
data, both American and Canadian Geographic Information Systems are
being employed to store and analyze the integrated Great Lakes
Coastal Zone Data Base.
The GLCZDB and the application of GIS technology will provide a
means to generate comprehensive cross-section pictures and tabular
summaries of the coastal zone. Through the process of overlaying
maps, the biophysical, human activity, wetlands, and aquatic
components of the Great Lakes environment can be viewed in an
integrative manner to identify and analyze those areas susceptible
to fluctuating lake levels, flooding and erosion. The biophysical,
wetlands, and aquatic resources at risk within these hazard areas
can be displayed, summarized, and tabulated.
The GLCZDB and GIS technology can be applied to assess the impacts
of measures or actions on the environment. The key component in
17
this capability is the linked, process sub-models describing
wetlands, aquatic, terrestrial and process inter-relationships.
Induced or secondary impacts and feedback impacts which dampen or
magnify impacts can be identified. impacts can be identified at
various scales, for example, a specific reach, littoral cell or
even an entire lake.
To date the GLCZDB has been used to decribe various components of
the Great Lakes ecosystem, to address the potential for assessing
the impacts of fluctuating water levels and to assess possible
remedial actions.
Description of the Database:
The outline of the Canadian Great Lakes shoreline has been taken
from 1:25000 and 1:50000 National Topographic Series (NTS) maps.
A total of 255 map sheets will be digitized which represents the
entire Canadian Great Lakes shoreline from the western border of
Lake Superior to Trois Rivieres on the St. Lawrence River.
Reach Information
The effects of fluctuating water levels vary with different shore
types (bluff, sandy beach, etc.). For this reason the shoreline
has been subdivided into reaches based on shore types. For each
lake a number of littoral drift cells are identified based on the
18
OMNR Littoral Cell Definition report (Ontario Ministry of Natural
Resources, 1988). For each littoral cell a sediment source,
transport, and sink zone can be identified. The shoreline had been
further divided into "reaches" as initially defined by Great Lakes
Erosion Monitoring Program (Boyd, 1981). The GIS facilitates the
analysis of measures and fluctuating water levels at a number of
scales: the lake; littoral cell; and the reach. For the CAnadian
portion of the shoreline there are approximately 1700 reaches.
Shore type, physiography, and orientation to waves are used to
delineate the reach boundaries alongshore. A number of attributes
associated with the physical location of the reach which are also
important for process modelling are being compiled and entered into
the GIS in a lotus format.
Land Use
Land use coverage from 1:8000 scale air photographs flown in 1985
and 1988 is being mapped up to 1.6 kilometres inland onto the NTS
topographic maps. Thirteen classes of land use have been mapped
and this information has been entered in the GIS (agricultural
field crops, agricultural specialty crops, residential, commercial
and institutional, industrial, transportation and communications,
recreation, extraction, water, wetlands, forest, grassland,
barren/denuded).
19
Wetlands
Wetland information for Lake Erie and Lake Ontario has been mapped
at a scale of 1:25000. Several vegetative zones and categories of
wetland types have been identified and associated with wetland
locations.
Aquatic Information
All known data presently available on the location of fish
(spawning, juvenile and adult) habitiat and migration routes for
50 fish species have been compiled and will be entered in to the
GIS database.
20
CD ROM Atlas Production
Russell A. Ambroziak
Office of Energy and Marine Geology, Reston, VA 22092
The USGS now has the ability to combine raster images with vector
data and several types of point data with interactive, user-
friendly software published on CD ROMS. Klein or Gloria sidescan
sonar data are ideal raster data types for this product. Vector
files can include such data as bathymetry/ track lines, and dump
sites that are in latitude/longitude format. Point data can be
place names, multiple lines of text describing a point, color
photographs of the location, etc. Data input to the system is
controlled by text files which allow the user to add their own data
to the system. This approach provides the user with (1) an
interactive color atlas product on a PC with at least EGA color,
(2) the complete digital set in easy to read format, and the
ability to tailor the display and add data.
This presentation includes a large screen display of the PC
graphics being developed for the above-mentioned CD ROM Atlas.
21
The USGS/NOAA Joint Office structure
Christian Andreasen
Chief, Nautical Charting Division, NOAA, Rockville, MD 20852
The USGS/NOAA Joint Office for Mapping and Research (JOMAR) was
originally established in a memorandum of understanding between the
two agencies. The main purpose of this office is to provide a
mechanism for the coordination of mapping and research activities
in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Coordination will avoid
duplication of activities, assure adequate response to needs of the
multiple-use community and provide for timely delivery of products
and services and exchange of data. Coordination will also
facilitate private sector involvement in the direction and use of
EEZ-related data products.
The Joint Office can serve as a mechanism to collate and compile
the large volume of data that has already been acquired in and
around the Lakes by Federal, State, and local agencies,
universities, and private industry.
22
Hazard/Damage Assessment Model for the Great Lakes
Will Knauss
Applied Science Associates, Narragansett , RI 02882
This is an example of a CIS system in the form of a computer model
for the Great Lakes region being developed for the Department of
Interior's Office of Environmental Affairs by Applied Science
Associates. The Natural Resource Damage Assessment Model for the
Great Lakes Environment (NRDAM/GLE) is designed to assess economic
damages for small scale spills of oils, petroleum products and
hazardous chemicals. The model represents another class of GIS
user as it included its own GIS system to provide the model with
accurate environmental information about the area in which a spill
occurs.
The system includes bathymetry, shoreline, current, biological
habitat and ice data derived from data collected by various Great
Lakes research groups. The model uses this data to create the
dynamic model grid for each specific run scenario. This is in
marked contrast to the standard modeling strategy of having a
static grid which is used for all run scenarios in a given area.
The model will be distributed by the Department of the Interior
during its review period and will be available from NTIS after
that.
23
Electronic Charting in an. Inertial Navigation System
Richard Gregory-Alien
Laser Plot Inc., Auburn, MA 01501
An electronic chart system demo using CD ROM technology and a DOS
based PC with an extended VGA, 256 color display (640 x 480) . This
system represents an off-the-shelf navigation and chart display
package. A demonstration of the zoom and pan capabilities and the
logging facility are examples of pre and post cruise data can be
manipulated with the chart base. CD ROM charts are inexpensive and
reliable for this type of application.
24
Data Management Systems for the Great Lakes mapping program
Christopher F. Polloni
USGS, Woods Hole, MA 02543
No one GIS or database is adequate to deal with vector, raster, and
tabular data collected in the Great Lakes. However, these data can
be moved between the existing systems now and tranfers will become
easier and more reliable in the future as new standards are
implemented.
We have a technical advisory group of Geographic Information System
(GIS) and database specialists that are serving as the consultants
to develop these standards for data storage and distribution.
Goals have been established. What is needed now is the initiative
and organizational support to establish this activity formally.
The USGS has demonstrated the ability to use a mix of GIS systems
to preview, model, review, and publish Great Lakes data which has
been collected from Federal, State, and local sources. The one
area that has presented problems is the publication stage where I
hope future standards will eliminate the current stalemate in
electronic map publication.
25
Discussion panel "Great Lakes Data Distribution"
Donald Parsons, moderator
IJC, Washington, DC
panel members:
Chris Andreason, NOAA
Roger Gauthier, USAGE
Laurie Maynard, CCIW
Chris Polloni, USGS
The initial discussion reviewed the status of the GIS User Profile
survey that was initiated by Brad Parks and expanded by Mark Law
to include the Canadian input. A new combined survey summary needs
to be published.
Don Parsons voiced concern about budgets and the IJC. Will there
be state support forthcoming and what are the priorities? Some
discussion followed.
26
Dr. Dave Folger began with a discussion on data availability of
both present and future holdings. A data set for high priority
inclusion in the database is lake bottom sediment sample analysis.
It was agreed that the Thomas sediment base was the most complete
but that a larger effort should be initiated that would integrated
with EMAP-EPA and the National Sediment Database. Chris Andreason
mentioned that the National Academy of Sciences had recommended a
similar focus and that this should be a budgeted activity.
Roger Gauthier suggested that the USAGE data holdings will be
available for distribution on a CD ROM. Data sets that should be
mature and distributable are: USAGE Great Lakes shoreline,
NOAA/GLERL snow cover, ice, surface temperature, IJC basic water
level, USAGE harbor, site plans(l:2400), and the Terrain data base
from FEMA were some of those mentioned.
27
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Folger, D.W. , Andreasen, Christian, Chambers, M.J., 1990, U.S. Great Lakes Shoreline Mapping Plan: U.S. Geological Survey, Open File Report 90-97, 71 p.
Gauthier, R. L., 1990, Geographic Database Design Workshop for the Great Lakes Shoreline and Drainage Basin, January 22-26, Detroit, MI, 5 p.
Horvath, F. J. , 1990, International Association for Great Lakes Research Symposium, Session Nine A, Geographic Information Systems, Thursday May 17, abstracts and program, p. 109-114.
Johnson, C. A., 1990, International Association for Great Lakes Research Symposium, Session Thirteen, Shoreline Erosion, Tuesday May 15, abstracts and program, p. 61-67.
Parks, Bradley, 1990, Results of the Great Lakes GIS Workshop, October 11-12, 1989, Program and Abstracts, 33rd Conference on Great Lakes Research, University of Windser, p. 111.
Saunders, R.E., Law, M.N., MacKinnon-Burwell, N.D., Abel, M.J., 1990, Delineation of Erosion Hazard Shorelands, Workshop Summary, June 21-23, Cleveland, Ohio, 204 p.
Scott, David J. , Alper, S., 1990, Automated Chart Production System Development at NOS; Program and abstracts, American Society of Photogrametry, Spring Annual Convention, Denver, CO, March, 1990, 12 p.
28
APPENDIX A
Proposed Membership/Assoc. Great Lakes CIS Coord. Comm,
29
Great Lakes GIS Coordinating Committee proposed membership/associates *
U.S. State Agencies & academics
IllinoisWarren Brigham f Nat. Hist. 111. GISTom FrankJim Jennings, SLM projectDon MacKay, 111. GSMike Terstriep
IndianaFred Alvarez,MIS Mike Weaver,GISIrvin Goldblatt, State GISRichard Hyde, IMAGESChris JohansenBob Raleigh
MichiganFrank Horvath,DNRBill Enslin, MSU,remote senseAnn Maclean, Mich Tech U.Mike Scieszka, DNR
MinnesotaCarol Johnston, UofMinn.GIS Duluth Charlie Parsons, Bemidji State U. Lloyd Queen, UofMinn, St. Paul Alan Robinette, State Planning
New YorkSean Ahearn, Hunter College Jon Banta,NYS Adirondack Hugh Calkins, SUNY, Buffalo Robert Kitchen, Albany George Stafford, Albany
OhioDon BossierWayne Channell, Ohio DNRDave Crecelius, Larry WickstromJonathan Fuller, Ohio DNR, GSCarl Wilhelm, Ohio EPA
phone#
217-333-0954 217-333-1881 217-244-2195 217-333-0044 217-333-4959
317-232-8135 317-232-4007 317-274-8400 317-494-7054 812-334-1137
517-335-3457 517-355-3276 906-487-2030 517-335-3445
218-720-4269 218-755-2805 612-624-5359 612-296-1209
212-772-5327 518-891-4050 716-636-2264 518-474-6742 518-474-3643
614-292-1600 614-265-6769 614-265-6776 419-626-4296 614-644-3020
PennsylvaniaNicki Kasi, Victor Funk, Harrisburg,DER 717-540-5080Gary Peterson, Penn State 814-863-0291
WisconsinBob GurdaTom Lillesand, UofWisc, MadisonPaul Tessar, WiscDNR, Madison
608-262-6850 608-263-3251 608-266-3054
denotes ad-hoc member
FAX#
217-333-4949 217-244-1785 217-244-7004 217-244-7004 217-244-7004
317-232-5539 317-232-8036 317-274-2347 317-494-0535 none
517-373-9965 * 517-353-1821 906-487-2915 517-373-9965
218-720-4219 * 218-755-4048 612-625-5212 612-296-3698
212-772-5268 same-ask con 716-636-2329 518-474-3864 518-473-2464
614-447-9503 614-447-9503 419-626-8767
717-540-5081 814-865-3378
none608-262-5964608-267-3579
30
Great Lakes GIS Coordinating Committee proposed membership/associates
International Agencies
International Joint Commission(IJC)Murray Clamen, IJC, OttawaDave Dolan, IJC, WindsorDon Parsons, IJC, Washington,DC
Canadian ProvincialDel Coleman, Geomatics Inc,Burlington Mark Law, Ontario MNR, Toronto Pearl Mckeen, Ontario MNR, Toronto
Canadian FederalBill Bien,Env. Canada, BurlingtonLaurie Maynard, CCIW
phone#
613-995-2984 313-226-2170 202-673-6222
* denotes ad-hoc member
FAX#
613-993-5583 519-256-7821 * 202-673-6238
416-632-4259 416-965-1271 416-965-6285
416-336-4551 416-336-4551
416-333-0798 * 416-965-0999 * 416-965-0999
416-336-4906 * 416-336-4906
31
Great Lakes GIS Coordinating Committeeproposed membership/associates * denotes ad-hoc
member U.S. Federal Agencies
phone# FAX# AgricultureKatherine Axton f Forest, East reg. 414-297-3171 414-297-3808 Gayle Teselle, Soil Con. , Wash,DC 202-447-5381
CommerceDenny Carroll, NOAA-NOS, Rockville,Md 301-443-8157 George Leshkevich, NOAA/GLERL,Ann Arbor 313-668-2265 Walt Winn, NOAA-NOS, Rockville,Md 301-443-8636
DefenseRoger Gauthier, USAGE, Detroit John Kangas, USAGE, Chicago Don Leonard, USAGE, north
Env. Protection Agency John Anagnost, John Schneider,GIS, Chicago Brad Parks,LLRS, AScI William Sandville, Duluth
FEMADan Cotter, Wash, DC Mark Crowell, Wash Norbert Schwartz, Chicago
InteriorMike Chambers, NMD, Great Lakes MappingJohn Cooper, FWS, East LansingRon Erickson, FWS, MinneappolisHarvey Fleet, NFS, DenverStephen Guptill, NMD, standardsJeff List, USGS, Coastal ProgramChris Polloni, USGS, Coastal ProgramDavid Rosenburg, Env. Affairs
TransportationCmdr Mike Tobey, USCG, Cleveland
313-226-3054 312-353-4333 312-353-6355
312-886-0143312-886-6224313-692-7633 218-720-5723
202-646-2757 202-646-3432 312-408-5552
703- fts 612- fts 703- SIS- SOS- 202
648- 374- 725- 327- 648- 893- 457- 208-
4137 6650 3417 2590 4520 9813 2280 3301
301-443-8701 313-668-2055 * 301-443-8701
313-226-2056 *312-353-5439312-353-5439
312-886-1420312-886-2591313-692-7603 * 218-720-5539
202-646-3445 202-646-3445 312-408-5521
703-648-5585 fts 374-6899
fts 327-2822 703-648-5542 813-893-9809 508-457-2301 * 202-289-7405
FTS 942-3994 FTS 942-3261
32
APPENDIX B
Objectives
33
GREAT LAKES STUDIES
Great Lakes GIS Coordinating Committee
meeting notes 5/16/90 Intemabon Joint Commission(tJC)Windsor, Ontario
Committee goals [objectives]
Reduction of redundancy
data collection database development database dictionaries
Establish data transfer mechanisms
interoperability - Intergraph - Arc/Info - SPANS - ERDAS - GRASS - GUSetc
Promote communication e.g. data exchange
CD-ROMS
Encourage use of accepted data standards
DLG DLG-E SOTS
Identify un-met data needs
common parameters for the Great Lakes Basin (Canada and United States)
Establish identity Land, Lake, Atmospheric
primary focus - Great Lakes drainage basin repiese! station from 8 stales* province of Ontario, etc
34
APPENDIX C
Products
35
PRODUCTS
Data for each lake will be compiled on a CD ROM with software that can be accessed from a variety of systems.
In addition to papers published after individual study elements are completed, an Atlas will be assembled as a USGS Bulletin or Professional Paper to integrate the new data into the already established data base. These documents will be published first as USGS Open-File Reports (approximately one year after studies are completed) and in more formal USGS and NOAA publications two to four years later as analyses and processing are completed.
The processed digital geographic and geologic data will be centralized in the USGS/Marine Geology and National Mapping Division and NOAA National Geophysical Data Center in Boulder, Colorado, for general public dissemenition. Products that can be generated from the processed data include:
o Print-on-demand shoreline change maps.
o Digital topographic, bathymetric, and geophysical data sets, including historical shoreline data as available.
o More accurate nautical charts and bathymetric maps due to more frequent updates of shoreline detail and nearshore bathymetry.
o Improved models for predicting coastal hazards, such as shoreline change, storm surge, and sediment transport.
o Improved long-term record of lake-level fluctuations and shoreline responses to those fluctuations.
o Defined long-term record of subsidence/uplift for use in the design of coastal engineering structures and for planning related to future shorelines.
o Photography to support ancillary studies of environmental conditions.
taken from page 9 of U.S. Great Lakes Shoreline Mapping Plan (Folger and others, 1990).
36
APPENDIX D
Database Workshops Agendas(USGS/NOAA, RTCM, USCG)
37
Digital Data Bases far Electronic Maps and Charts A Joint Conference ofNOS, USGS and RTCM
October 29-31,1990 Woods Hole, MA O2543
Monday. October 29, 1990
10:00 Registration and Logistics Clark 507 Conference Room
12:00 Light Luncheon Carriage House
13:30 Welcome Robert Gagosian Clark 507 Conference RoomAssociate Director for Research, WHO!
Introductory Comments Arthur GainesMarine Policy Center, WHO I
13:50 RTCM/WHOI ECDIS Testbed Project Mortimer Rogoff 14:20 USCG ECDIS Activities Lee Alexander
USCG, Groton 14:50 Coffee 15:15 Great Lakes Coastal Mapping Workshop - Session A
see separate agenda 17:00 Light Reception
Dinner on your own
Tuesday. October 30, 1990
08:00 Great Lakes Coastal Mapping Workshop - Session BClark 507 Conference Room
12:00 Light Luncheon Carriage House
13:30 RTCM Special Committee 109-on Electronic ChartsClark 201 Conference Room
13:30 Great Lakes'Coastal Mapping Workshop - session CRedfield Auditorium
17:00 Reception Fenno House 18:00 Conference Dinner - Speaker: Dr. Craig Dorman
Director, WHOI
Wednesday, October 31. 1990
08:00 DX-90 Workshop - Session A Clark 507 Conference Room
12:00 Light Luncheon Carriage House13:30 DX-90 Workshop - Session B17:00 Conference Adjourns
38
APPENDIX E
List of Attendees/Mailing List
39
Digital Data Base ConferenceOctober 29 - 31, 1990
Participants Mailing List
Name & Address Phone
Mr. William T. Adams (202) 639-4006PresidentRadio Technical Commission for Maritime Services655 15th Avenue, N.W.Suite 300Washington, D. C. 20005
Dr. Lee Alexander (203) 441-2639Integrated Navigation Systems Program ManagerU.S.C.G.Avery PointGroton, CT 06340
Dr. Russell Ambroziak (703) 648-6168U.S.G.S.O.E.M.G.510 National CenterReston, VA 22092
Capt. Chris Andreasen (301) 443-8660Chief, Nautical Charting DivisionNOAA/NOS/C&GS6001 Executive Blvd.ATTN: N/CG2Rockville, MD 20852
Mr. Thomas Baybrook (703) 264-5722 Director, Washington Federal Systems Operations Intergraph Corporation 2051 Mercator Drive Reston, VA 22091
Mr. Peter Britz (508) 548-1400,x3376Research AssistantMarine Policy CenterWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
40
Name & Address Phone
Ms. Carol Brown (508) 548-8700 x289CartographerU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Dennis CarroU (301) 443-8157 NOAA/NOS/C&GS 6001 Executive Blvd Rockvffle, MD 20852
Mr. Frank Cassidy (508) 548-7151Datamarine53 Portside DrivePocassett, MA 02559
Mr. Ken Cirillo (508) 833-2475ManagerC-Map/USAP. O. Box 1609Sandwich, MA 02563
Mr. Joseph L. Coburn, Jr. (508) 548-1400 x2624 Manager of Marine Operations Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Dell Coleman (4H) 632-4259Geomatics International3370 South Service RoadBurlington, Ontario CANADA L7N3M6
Dr. Craig Dorman (508) 548-1400 x2500DirectorWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. William Enslin (517) 353-7195ManagerMichigan State UniversityCenter for Remote Sensing302 Berkey HallEast Lansing, MI 48824
41
Name & Address Phone
Dr. David Folger (508) 548-8700Coordinator, Great T aims StudiesU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. David Foster (508) 548-8700GeologistU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Dr. Robert Gagosian (508) 548-1400 x2515 Associate Director for Research Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA 02543
Dr. Arthur G. Gaines (508) 548-1400 x2303ECDIS Program ManagerMarine Policy CenterWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Frederick K. Ganjon, J.D. (301) 443-8117 Deputy Chief, Nautical Charting Division U. S. Department of Commerce/NOAA National Ocean Service Rockville, MD 20852
Mr. Roger Gauthier (313) 226-3054HydrologistU.S. Army Corps of EngineersP. O. Box 1027Detroit, MI 48231-1027
Mr. Craig Gilbert (508) 457-3281Executive OfficerUSCGC BITTERSWEETU.S.C.G. BaseWoods Hole, MA 02543
42
Name & Address Phone
Mr. Roger Goldsmith (508)548-1400 x2770Research SpecialistInformation Processing Center LaboratoryWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Dr. Richard Gregory-Alien (508) 757-2831Vice PresidentLaser Plot Inc.Box 311Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Thomas Gulbransen (617) 934-0571 Batteile Ocean Sciences 397 Washington Street Duxbury, MA 02332
Mr. Barry Hamilton (508) 548-1400 x3332Port OfficeWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. John Hathaway (508) 548-8700GeologistU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Dr. Hartley Hoskins (508)548-1400 x2580 Oil Industry Program Coordinator Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Frank Horvath (517) 335-3457Chief Scientist, Great Lakes Information SystemMichigan Department of Natural ResourcesLand and Water Management SystemP. O. Box 30028Lansing, MI 48909
43
Name & Address Phone
Ms. Karen Irby (703) 648-4582CartographerU.S.G.S.510 National CenterReston, VA 22092
Mr. Kyle Jones (508) 487-2100 Resource Management Specialist Cape Cod National Seashore South Wellfleet, MA 02663
Mr. John Kangas (312) 353-4333Hydrographic EngineerU.S. Army Corps of EngineersUSAED North CentralATTN: CAENCD-EW-W536 S. ClarkChicago, IL 60605
Mr. Hauke Kite-Powell (508) 548-1400 x2938Research AssistantMarine Policy CenterWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Will Knauss (401) 789-6224 Applied Science Associates 70 Knauss Drive Narragansett, RI 02882
Ms. Candace Lane (508) 548-8700U.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Mark Law (416) 965-1271Coastal GeomorphologistMinistry of Natural ResourcesRoom 5620, Whitney BlockQueens' s ParkToronto, Ontario M7A 1W3
44
Name & Address Phone
Mr. Dudley Leath (703) 285-9326Commander, USNDefense Mapping AgencyHQ DMA/PRN8613 Lee HighwayFairfax, VA 22031-2137
Mr. George Leshkevich (313) 668-2265Research Physical ScientistNOAA/ERL/GLERL2205 Commonwealth Blvd.Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
Mr. Daniel R. Martin (508) 548-1400 x3234Research AssistantDeep Submergence LaboratoryWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Ms. Laurie Maynard (416) 336-4551Geographic Information Systems OfficerEnvironment Canada Inland Waters DirectorateCanada Center for Inland Waters867 Lakeshore RoadP.O. Box 5050Burlington, Ontario CANADA L7R4A6
Ms. Terry McKee (508) 548-1400 x2352Research AssistantMarine Policy CenterWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Thomas Nitroy (617) 934-0571 Research Scientist Battelle Ocean Sciences 397 Washington Street Duxbury, MA 02360
45
Name & Address
Mr. Donald Parsons Engineering Advisor International Joint Commission 2001 S. Street, NW Washington, D. C. 20440
Mr. William Pease Director, Digital Technology Raytheon Company 141 Spring Street Lexington, MA
Mr. Joseph Pelczarski Regional Planner Coastal Zone Management EOEA/CZM Room 206 100 Cambridge Street Boston, MA 02202
Mr. Christopher PolloniCIS SpecialistU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. James Quinn Captain, BITTERSWEET U.S.C.G. Executive Office U.S.C.G. Base Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Mortimer RogoffPresidentDigital Directions, Inc.4201 Cathedral Avenue, NWWashington, D. C. 20016
Dr. John SchleeGeologistU.S.G.S.
Hole. MA 02543
Phone
(202) 673-6222
(617) 860-2418
(617) 727-9530 x456
(508) 457-2280
(508) 457-3281/82
(202) 362-5462
(508) 548-8700
46
Name & Address Phone
Mr. David Scott (703) 264-5600 Senior Technical Manager Intergraph Corporation 2051 Mercator Drive Reston, VA 22091
Mr. Brace Seaton (703) 285-9250Physical ScientistDefense Mapping AgencyDMA/System Center (SGE)8316 Lee HighwayFairfax, VA 22031-2138
Ms. Barb Seekins (508) 548-8700 x259TechnicianU.S.G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
Mr. Gordon Thompson (313) 226-4026Physical ScientistU.S. Army Corps of EngineersCENCE-EDL477 Michigan AvenueDetroit MI 48226
Mr. Hdon J. Thompson (801) 974-2627 Principal Engineer Sperry Marine Inc. 1070 Seminole Trail Charlottesville, VA 22901
Mr. Brace Tripp (508) 548-1400 x2900Research AssociateCoastal Research LaboratoryWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, MA 02543
Dr. Page Valentine (508) 548-8700GeologistU.S.'G.S.Woods Hole, MA 02543
47
Name & Address Pfrone
Mr. Eric Wagner (201) 644-8711ManagerAT&T Submarine SystemsN410412 Mt. Kimble AvenueMomstown, NJ 07960
Mr. Walt Winn (301) 443-8635Research CartographerU.S. Department of CommerceNational Ocean ServiceRoom 516 N/CG216001 Executive Blvd.Rockville, MD 20852
48