use the graph below to answer the following questions. a.what kind of graph is this? b.according to...
TRANSCRIPT
Use the graph below to answer the following questions.
a. What kind of graph is this?
b. According to the graph, which has a larger radius, Neptune or Uranus?
c. According to the graph, what is the radius of Saturn?
d. Which planet is almost 5 times the size of Venus?
OBJECTIVESWBAT Compare the
chemical structures of carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids, and relate their importance to living things.
Lab Tomorrow
BE ON TIME!!!!!!!!
Homework!
• Write down in your agenda book!
• Write down everything you eat today.
• Breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks.
• Write down which biomolecules make up the food.
• You cannot participate in the lab until this is done.
You Are What You Eat!
A Unit on BiomoleculesCarbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids & Nucleic Acids
Dissecting A Nutrition Label
Fats
Carbohydrates
Protein
Vitamins & Minerals
What are organic compounds?
• most matter in your body is made of organic compounds
• organic compounds contain carbon
• carbon atoms covalently bond to other elements like H and O
Polymers
• large compounds of linked carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are called polymers
• These large organic compounds are called biomolecules.
4 organic compounds found in the human body
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
*All are polymers*All are organic (C) compounds
Topic: Biomolecules Take Notes!
BIOMOLECULE MADE OF…
EXTRA INFO EXAMPLES
CARBOHYDRATES(sugars and
starches)
LIPIDS/FATS
PROTEINS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
1. Carbohydrates
CARBOHYDRATES
SUGARSSTARCHES
Quick energy
Long Term Energy
Carbohydrates
•A biomolecule composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen.
•Glucose (sugar) is a Carbohydrate
Ratio:
C6H12O6
Runners “carbo-load”
Carbs are a major source of energy!
Examples of Carbohydrates
Fruits, vegetables, and grains
1. ______________ are substances used by the body for energy and proper cell function.
2. Carbohydrates are used to _______and ________ energy.
3. The two major kinds of carbs are _______ and _________.
4. Sugars are called _________ carbs because they are the ___________ carb molecules.
5. ____________ is the most important fuel in plants and animals.
6. Candy and other sweets contain __________ which is table sugar.
7. Complex carbohydrates can be separated into two groups: ____________ and __________.
Nutrients
store transport
simple complex
simple
Glucose
smallest
starches fiber
sucrose
8. Fiber is found in ________, _________, and ___________.
9. Glucose is called ________ sugar.
10. Intestines generally break down __________ sugars more easily then _____________.
11. Candy and sweets cause a spike in __________________.
12. ___________ ___________ digest slowly.
13. The more _______________ a carbohydrate the worse it is for you.
14. Anything is bad for you if you ____________________.
fruits veggies grains
blood
simple
blood sugar
Whole grains
processed
over do it
starches
2. Lipids / Fats
Lipids (Fats)
• Made of C, H, & O in chains• Examples: found in oils, butter,
soaps & waxes
Take Notes!
3. Proteins
What Do Proteins Look Like?The building blocks of Proteins are amino acids.
*Unlike Carbohydrates, proteins contain Nitrogen.
Proteins
Needed for the growth and repair of body tissues
Where can we find proteins in living things?
1.) hair
2.) finger nails
3.) horns
4.) hoofs
Examples of Proteins
Meat, egg, dairy, seeds, nuts, & beans
4. Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids• Carry genetic information in cells
• 2 types of nucleic acids
1.) DNA
2.) RNA
Nucleic Acid Structure
• Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides
• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – carries genetic information
• RNA (ribonucleic acid) – makes proteins
Nucleic Acids
• Made of nucleotides• Carry genetic information in cells
• Examples: DNA or RNA
Take Notes!
What did you learn?• What are the 4 types of organic
compounds?
1.) carbohydrates (sugars)
2.) lipids (fats)
3.) proteins
4.) nucleic acids
What are carbohydrates?
• main source of energy in body
• found in fruits, vegetables and grains
apples, corn, soda pop, potatoes, bread and broccoli
What are lipids (fats)?
• store energy in the body
• used as insulation around organs and tissues
• 2 types saturated and unsaturated
• found in fats, steroids and waxes
• examples, cooking oil, butter, ice cream and chips
What are proteins?
• are made from peptide bonds formed from amino acids
• there are 20 amino acids
• we make 10 naturally
• must consume the other 10 by eating poultry, fish, milk beef and nuts
Nucleic Acids
• All cells have nucleic acids
• 2 types are DNA and RNA
Homework: Keep a Food Journal
Write down EVERY food you eat for 5 days!