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CBTRUSCENTRALBRAIN TUMOR REGISTRY OF THE UNITED STATES

2007–2008PRIMARYBRAIN TUMORS IN THE UNITED STATES

STATISTICAL REPORT2000–2004

Years of Data Collected

feb27draft-- master copy--CBTRUS Stat Report 2000-2004:USE Oct9 from june8a 2007broch - Copy.qxd 6/1/2008 10:45 PM

The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States(CBTRUS) is a not–for–profit corporation committed toproviding a resource for gathering and disseminating cur-rent epidemiologic data on all primary brain tumors,malignant and non–malignant, for the purposes of accu-rately describing their incidence and survival patterns,evaluating diagnosis and treatment, facilitating etiologicstudies, establishing awareness of the disease, and ulti-mately, for the prevention of all brain tumors.

CBTRUS MISSIO$


ACK$OWLEDGME$TS

This report was prepared by the CBTRUS executive team and the research staff at the Universityof Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health. Publishing assistance was provided by theStromberg Allen Company.

The CBTRUS data presented in this report are provided through the efforts of the followingcollaborators and their staff:

Ms. Georgia Yee Arizona Cancer RegistryMs. Randi Rycroft Colorado Central Cancer RegistryMs. Cathryn Phillips Connecticut Tumor RegistryMs. Betsy Cromartie Delaware Cancer RegistryMs. Stacey Carson Cancer Data Registry of IdahoMs. Castine Verrill Maine Cancer RegistryDr. Susan Gershman Massachusetts Cancer RegistryDr. Sally Bushhouse Minnesota Cancer Surveillance SystemMs. Debbi Lemons Montana Central Tumor RegistryMs. Virginia Williams New Mexico Tumor RegistryDr. Maria Schymura New York State Cancer RegistryMs. Karen Knight North Carolina Central Cancer RegistryMs. Marlys Knell North Dakota Cancer RegistryDr. John Fulton Rhode Island Cancer RegistryMs. Kay Dosch South Dakota Cancer RegistryDr. Nancy Weiss Texas Cancer RegistryMs. Rosemary Dibble Utah Cancer RegistryDr. Jim Martin Virginia Cancer RegistryDr. Patricia Colsher West Virginia Cancer Registry

CBTRUS has used published information from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results(SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute, theAmerican Cancer Society (ACS), the NorthAmerican Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR), the International Agency forResearch on Cancer (IARC), and theWorld Health Organization (WHO) in the preparation of thisreport. CBTRUS acknowledges and appreciates the contributions of these materials to this reportand to cancer surveillance in general.

Copyright information: All material in this report is in the public domain and may be reproducedor copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.

Suggested citation: CBTRUS (2008). Statistical Report: Primary Brain Tumors in the UnitedStates, 2000–2004. Published by the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

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Funding for the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States(CBTRUS) in 2007 and 2008 has been provided by the AmericanBrain Tumor Association (ABTA), the $ational Brain Tumor Foun-dation ($BTF), and the Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation (PBTF).All three of these organizations are non-profits and depend on con-tributions to fund brain tumor research and patient and family ser-vices. The CBTRUS is honored to be included among their researchgrant recipients. Information on the CBTRUS financial supporterscan be found on their individual websites: ABTA: www.abta.org,$BTF: www.braintumor.org, and PBTF: www.pbtfus.org.

CBTRUS would appreciate your help in order to support its data-base. Contributions are tax deductible and can be mailed to:

CBTRUS244 East Ogden AvenueSuite 116Hinsdale, Il 60521

CBTRUS FU$DI$G

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TABLE OF CO$TE$TS

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Funding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Board of Directors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Board of Advisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Message from the President . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Fact Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Brain Tumor Statistics: Report and Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Procedure for Requesting Additional Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Data Request Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

CBTRUS Manuscripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56


CBTRUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS

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CAROL KRUCHKO, PRESIDENT &ADMINISTRATORCentral Brain Tumor Registry of the United StatesHinsdale, IL

STEVEN BREM, M.D., VICE PRESIDENTProfessor of SurgeryProgram Leader, Neuro–OncologyChief, Neurosurgery ServiceH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTampa, FL

DONALD SEGAL, TREASURERDirectorAmerican Brain Tumor AssociationDes Plaines, IL

DARELL D. BIGNER, M.D., PH.D.Edwin L. Jones, Jr. and Lucille Finch JonesCancer Research Professor,Director, The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke,Director, Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation Institute at Duke,Chief, Preuss Laboratory for Brain Tumor Research,Duke University Medical CenterDurham, NC

FRED H. HOCHBERG, M.D.Associate Professor of Neurology,Harvard Medical SchoolNeurologist,Massachusetts General HospitalBoston, MA

L. LLOYD MORGANPatient AdvocateBerkeley, CA

MICHAEL E. TRAYNORPresidentPediatric Brain Tumor FoundationAsheville, NC

ROBERT TUFEL, M.S.W., M.P.H.Program DirectorThe Ben and Catherine Ivy FoundationPalo Alto, CA

JILL S. BARNHOLTZ–SLOAN, PH.D.Case Comprehensive Cancer CenterCleveland, OH

MELISSA BONDY, PH.D.The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX

GRETA BUNIN, PH.D.The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia, PA

CBTRUS BOARD OFADVISORS


ELIZABETH CLAUS, M.D., PH.D.Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CTAttending NeurosurgeonBrigham and Women’s HospitalBoston, MAHODAANTON–CULVER, PH.D.College of MedicineUniversity of California–IrvineIrvine, CAFAITH DAVIS, PH.D.School of Public HealthUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, ILJAMES G. GURNEY, PH.D.Child Health Evaluation and Research UnitDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, MIPETER D. INSKIP, SC.D.Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, MDMARGARET WRENSCH, PH.D.Neuroepidemiology DivisionDepartment of Neurological SurgerySchool of MedicineUniversity of California–San FranciscoSan Francisco, CA

JANET M. BRUNER, M.D.Chief, Section of NeuropathologyProfessor of PathologyThe University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX

NANCY E. STROUP, PH.D.Plymouth, MA

BRIDGET MCCARTHY, PH.D.School of Public HealthUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL

JENNIFER PROPP, M.S.School of Public HealthUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicago, IL

CBTRUS BOARD OFADVISORS (CO$TI$UED)

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CO$SULTI$G $EUROPATHOLOGIST

CO$SULTI$G RESEARCH DIRECTOR

PRI$CIPAL I$VESTIGATOR

RESEARCH SPECIALIST


With the publishing of the 2007–2008 Statistical Report and Supplement, CBTRUS visuallymarks the transition process of working with our steadfast collaborating state cancer registriesto working with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s $ational Program of CancerRegistries to provide population–based incidence data for primary brain tumors.

The 2007–2008 Statistical Report and Supplement are the anticipated products of over sixteenyears of collaboration and cooperation among many individuals and organizations. How does

it affect the public health system in the United States? It means braintumors are collected accurately because of uniform collection rules andstandards and completely because of a federally mandated collectionpolicy. Accuracy and completeness of statistical data on brain and cen-tral nervous system tumors provide the public health system with infor-mation necessary to allocate resources in the best health interests ofsociety.

It is with great pride that I announce that statistical information on brain tumors is providedwith greater accuracy and completeness than in previous Reports. Many have worked to builda strong foundation; others have worked to erect the first floors. For me, this translates into per-sonal fulfillment and empowerment. As long as we are engaged together, our building will reachfor the skies.

On behalf of the Board of Directors and Advisors, I would like to thank our collaboratingregistries and the $ational Program of Cancer Registries for providing data for this StatisticalReport and Supplement, our sponsors for providing financial support, and to all those whosupport our mission.

Sincerely,

Carol KruchkoPresident & Administrator, CBTRUS

MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDE$T

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CBTRUSCENTRALBRAIN TUMOR REGISTRY OF THE UNITED STATES

2007–2008PRIMARYBRAIN TUMORS IN THE UNITED STATES

2000–2004YEARS OF DATACOLLECTED


• Incidence rates are age–adjusted using the 2000 United States standard population unless otherwise noted.• CBTRUS (Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States) incidence rates and estimated new cases include all

primary malignant and non–malignant tumors of the brain, central nervous system, pituitary and pineal glands, andolfactory tumors of the nasal cavity.

• SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program) incidence and survival rates extracted from the SEERCancer Statistics Review, 1975–2004 include primary malignant tumors of the brain and central nervous system,excluding lymphomas, leukemias, tumors of the pituitary and pineal gland, and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity.

• SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program) incidence and survival rates estimated using the SEERCancer Incidence Public–Use Database, 1973–2004 include all primary malignant tumors of the brain, central nervoussystem, pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity, including lymphomas and leukemias.

• ACS (American Cancer Society) estimated new cases and deaths include primary malignant tumors of the brain andcentral nervous system, excluding lymphoma, leukemias, tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactorytumors of the nasal cavity.

• IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) worldwide incidence rates include primary malignant tumors ofthe brain and central nervous system, excluding lymphoma, leukemias, tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands, andolfactory tumors of the nasal cavity. Global rates are age–adjusted using the world standard population. These ratesmay be compared to other rates adjusted to the world standard population, but they cannot be compared to ratesadjusted to other population standards, such as the 2000 United States standard population.

Incidence• CBTRUS: The incidence rate of all primary non–malignant and malignant brain and central nervous system tumors

is 16.5 cases per 100,000 person–years (9.2 per 100,000 person–years for non–malignant tumors and 7.3 per 100,000person–years for malignant tumors). The rate is higher in females (17.2 per 100,000 person–years) than males (15.8per 100,000 person–years).1a

• CBTRUS: An estimated 51,410 new cases of primary non–malignant and malignant brain and central nervoussystem tumors are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2007.1b

• SEER: The incidence rate of primary malignant brain and central nervous system tumors (excluding lymphomas,leukemias, tumors of pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity) is 6.4 cases per100,000 person–years. This rate is higher in males (7.7 per 100,000 person–years) than females (5.4 per 100,000person–years).2a

• ACS:An estimated 20,500 new cases of primary malignant brain and central nervous system tumors are expected tobe diagnosed in the United States in 2007 (11,170 in males and 9,330 in females). This represents 1.42% of allprimary malignant cancers expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2007.3

• IARC: The worldwide incidence rate of primary malignant brain and central nervous system tumors, age–adjustedusing the world standard population, is 3.7 per 100,000 person–years in males and 2.6 per 100,000 person–years infemales. This represents an estimated 108,277 males and 81,305 females who were diagnosed with a primarymalignant brain tumor in 2002, an overall total of 189,582 individuals. The incidence rates are higher in more developedcountries (males: 5.8 per 100,000 person–years; females: 4.1 per 100,000 person–years) than in less developedcountries (males: 3.0 per 100,000 person–years; females: 2.1 per 100,000 person–years).4

• CBTRUS: CBTRUS has calculated a preliminary worldwide estimate of 186,835 newly diagnosed primarynon–malignant brain and central nervous system tumors per annum for 2002 (males: n=80,769; females:n=106,066). The preliminary worldwide incidence rate of primary non–malignant brain and central nervous systemtumors is estimated to be 2.9 per 100,000 (males: 2.5 per 100,000; females: 3.3 per 100,000).5

Pediatric Incidence (Ages 0–19)• CBTRUS: The incidence rate of childhood primary non–malignant and malignant brain and central nervous system

tumors is 4.5 cases per 100,000 person–years. The rate is higher in males (4.7 per 100,000 person–years) thanfemales (4.3 per 100,000 person–years).1a

• CBTRUS: An estimated 3,750 new cases of childhood primary non–malignant and malignant brain and centralnervous system tumors are expected to be diagnosed in the United States in 2007.1b Of these 3,750 new cases, anestimated 2,820 will be in children less than 15 years of age.1b

FACT SHEET

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FACT SHEET

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Mortality• ACS: An estimated 12,740 deaths will be attributed to primary malignant brain and central nervous system tumors

in the United States in 2007.3

Lifetime Risk• SEER: Males have a 0.67% lifetime risk of being diagnosed with a primary malignant brain/central nervous

system tumor and 0.48% chance of dying from a brain/central nervous system tumor (excluding lymphomas,leukemias, tumors of pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity).2b

• SEER: Females have a 0.53% lifetime risk of being diagnosed with a primary malignant brain/central nervoussystem tumor and a 0.39% chance of dying from a brain/central nervous system tumor (excluding lymphomas,leukemias, tumors of pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity).2c

Survival

• SEER: The five–year relative survival rate following diagnosis of a primary malignant brain and central nervoussystem tumor (including lymphomas and leukemias, tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumorsof the nasal cavity) is 28.8% for males and 31.6% for females (1973–2004 data).6

• SEER: Five–year relative survival rates following diagnosis of a primary malignant brain and central nervoussystem tumor (including lymphomas and leukemias, tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands, and olfactory tumorsof the nasal cavity) by age of diagnosis (1973–2004 data): 6

Age 0–19 years: 66.0% Age 55–64 years: 11.1%

Age 20–44 years: 49.2% Age 65–74 years: 6.7%

Age 45–54 years: 24.0% Age 75 or older: 4.7%

Prevalence

• CBTRUS: The prevalence rate for all primary brain and central nervous system tumors was estimated to be 130.8per 100,000. It was estimated that more than 359,000 persons were living with a diagnosis of primary brain andcentral nervous system tumor in the United States in 2000 (malignant tumor: more than 81,000 persons; benigntumor: more than 267,000 persons; tumor of uncertain behavior: more than 10,000 persons). The prevalence ratefor primary brain and central nervous system tumors by behavior was 29.5 per 100,000 (malignant), 97.5 per100,000 (benign), and 3.8 per 100,000 (uncertain behavior).7

• CBTRUS: The prevalence rate for all pediatric (ages 0–19) primary brain and central nervous system tumors wasestimated at 9.5 per 100,000 with more than 26,000 children estimated to be living with this diagnosis in theUnited States in 2000. The prevalence rate for pediatric primary malignant brain and central nervous system tumorswas 7.9 per 100,000 with more than 21,000 children estimated to be living with a diagnosis of primary malignantbrain/central nervous system tumor in the United States in 2000.7

1a. Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States data, 2000–2004.1b. CBTRUS 2000–2004 data. United States population estimates by 5–year age group were obtained from United States census; estimates available at

www.census.gov. Projections were from the Interim State Projections of Population for July 1, 2007 with a total United States population of300,912,947. (ReleasedApril 2005). For further information on calculating expected numbers of tumors, please see Davis FG, McCarthy BJ, JukichP, “The descriptive epidemiology of brain tumors” Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, V. 9, No. 4, November, 1999.

2. Ries LAG, Melbert D, Krapcho M, Mariotto A, Miller BA, Feuer EJ, Clegg L, Horner MJ, Howlader N, Eisner MP, Reichman M, Edwards BK (eds).SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975–2004, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2004/, based on November2006 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, 2007.

2a. Table III(10) 2000–2004 data. 2b. Table I(15) 2002–2004 data; Table I(18) 2002–2004 data. 2c. Table I(16) 2002–2004 data; Table I(19) 2002–2004data.

3. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2007. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2007.

4. Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P and Parkin DM. GLOBOCAN 2002: Cancer Incidence, Mortality and PrevalenceWorldwide, Version 2.0. IARC CancerBaseNo. 5. Lyon, IARCPress, 2004. Limited version available from: URL: http://www_depdb.iarc.fr/globocan2002.htm

5. CBTRUS developed statistical models based on country level or geographical region tumor registry statistics, brain tumor statistics in the literature, andpopulation demographics to calculate non–malignant tumor incidence.

6. Estimated by CBTRUS using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence —SEER 9 Regs Limited–Use, Nov 2006 Sub (1973–2004), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer StatisticsBranch, released April 2007, based on the November 2006 submission.

7. Davis FG, Kupelian V, Freels S, McCarthy B, Surawicz T. Prevalence estimates for primary brain tumors in the United States by behavior and majorhistology groups. Neuro–Oncology. 3(3):152–158, 2001.


BACKGROU$D

The CBTRUS database contains the largest aggregation of population–based data on the incidence of all primarybrain and central nervous system tumors in the United States. This database has been developed by compiling datafrom state cancer registries that include information on both malignant and non–malignant primary brain tumors.Non–malignant brain tumors include those tumors with a benign behavior code of "0" or uncertain behavior code of"1" as listed in the International Coding for Diseases of Oncology (ICDO). The 2007–2008 CBTRUS StatisticalReport includes data from nineteen state cancer registries for 2000–2004 and a separate Supplement with 2004 dataonly from cancer registries belonging to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Program ofCancer Registries (NPCR) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) of the NationalCancer Institute.

CBTRUS was incorporated with a founding and sustaining grant from the Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation in1992 following a two–year study conducted by the American Brain Tumor Association to determine the feasibilityof a central registry for all primary brain tumor cases in the United States. Until that time, standard data reporting inthe United States had been limited to malignant cases only. Non–malignant brain tumors, however, may, and oftendo, impose the same costs to society in terms of medical care, case fatality and lost productivity as malignant braintumors. A histologically non–malignant brain tumor may produce devastating effects based on its location, while amalignant tumor may not produce visible symptoms. In addition, as molecular markers have been discovered, it hasbecome clear that certain non–malignant brain tumors may become malignant over time.

Passed in 2002, Public Law 107–206 required NPCR to expand their primary brain tumor data collection to includetumors of benign and uncertain behavior beginning with cases diagnosed in January 2004. Data from state cancerregistries belonging to NPCR, in compliance with its standards and agreeing to participate in CBTRUS, were madeavailable in 2007 under a special arrangement and are included in the CBTRUS Statistical Report Supplement. SEERdata from 2004 were obtained from their public-use dataset and were appended to the NPCR data for data analysis.

This Statistical Report and Supplement continue the past efforts CBTRUS has made to provide accurate,population–based incidence rates for all primary brain tumors by histology, age, gender, race and Hispanic origin.Asin previous reports, these data have been listed in histologic groupings with improved clinical relevance. They areuseful for surveillance and may serve as a baseline for comparison with regional rates. They are also important forallocation and planning of specialty health–care services, for planning programs for disease prevention and control,and in the development of research proposals. CBTRUS believes that these data may lead to clues that willstimulate research into the causes of this terrible disease.

DISCLAIMERThe Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) is a not–for–profit corporation that gathers anddisseminates epidemiologic data on primary brain tumors in order to facilitate research and establish awareness ofthe disease. CBTRUS makes no representations or warranties, and gives no other assurances or guarantees,expressed or implied, with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the data presented. The information providedin this publication is not intended to assist in the evaluation, diagnosis or treatment of individual diseases. Personswith questions regarding individual diseases should contact their own physician to obtain medical assistance.

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DEFI$ITIO$ OF RATES

Rates measure the occurrence of disease in a population.They are calculated by counting the observed numbers ofcases of an event occurring in a defined population withina specified time period and dividing by the total populationat risk within the same time period. Statistical data arecommonly measured over five–year periods. As anexample, in this report the incidence of brain tumors in astate is calculated by adding the total number of newlydiagnosed cases of brain tumors within that state for theyears of interest and dividing by the state populations forthe same years. Measuring data in smaller time periods,such as one–year intervals, can produce skewed statisticsbecause small variations in the frequencies can create theappearance of dramatic shifts in rates. Rates in this reportare expressed in units of Person–Time with eachperson–year reflecting one individual over one year. Forcancer, rates are usually expressed per 100,000person–years. Other cancer surveillance and reportingagencies may express rates using synonymous terms. Forexample, the National Program of Cancer Registries(NPCR) of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) expresses the rates in their statistical reports per100,000 persons.

Incidence Rates measure the occurrence of newlydiagnosed cases of disease. Prevalence Ratesmeasure thenumber of people with a disease at a particular point intime or during a particular period of time.Mortality Ratesquantify the number of people who have died from thedisease. Survival Rates (percents) are the probability ofsurviving for a specified time period. Observed SurvivalRates are computed from life–table estimates and yieldthe probability of surviving a specified time period (oftenfive years) following diagnosis. Relative Survival Ratesare defined as the observed probability of survivaladjusted for the expected survival rate of the UnitedStates population for that age, gender, and calendar year.

The rate of disease in an entire population is the CrudeRate. Crude rates are frequently adjusted by age.Age–Adjusting Rates to a common standard population

BRAI$ TUMOR STATISTICS REPORT A$D FIGURES

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The objective of this report is to provide a current overview of the descriptive epidemiology of all primary braintumors in the United States. CBTRUS compiles data from state cancer registries that include information on allprimary brain and central nervous system tumors. Incidence rates of primary malignant and non–malignant brainand central nervous system tumors from 2000–2004 were calculated by gender, age, race, and Hispanic origin.Incidence and mortality rates for malignant brain and other nervous system tumors were obtained from the $orthAmerican Association of Central Cancer Registries ($AACCR). Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and EndResults (SEER) Program of the $ational Cancer Institute were used to estimate survival rates for primary malignantbrain and central nervous system tumors. Estimated numbers of deaths for malignant brain and nervous systemtumors were obtained from the American Cancer Society (ACS). This report uses the term non-malignant to replacethe terms benign and uncertain used in previous reports.

allows for comparisons of rates across regions withdifferent age structures. Cancer incidence rates in thisreport are adjusted to the Year 2000 U.S. Standard Pop-ulation. Rates adjusted to the Year 2000 standard cannotbe compared to those rates found in earlierstatistical reports containing rates adjusted to the 1970standard.1,2,3 Differences between incidence rates adjustedto Year 2000 and Year 1970 standard populations arean artifact of the aging of the population over timeand should not be interpreted as an increase in braintumor incidence.Rates for a subset of a population are specific rates.

Age–Specific Rates that describe the rate of disease in adefined age group are presented in this report. Specificrates by race, Hispanic origin, and gender are also reported.The variability around the estimates of incidence ratesis reflected in the Standard Error. Standard error is ameasure of the potential error in the incidence rates. Thestandard error is one of the numbers incorporated intothe formula for computing the confidence interval asso-ciated with a certain rate. A Confidence Interval is thecomputed interval with a given probability, e.g., 95percent, that the true value of a variable such as a mean,proportion, or rate is contained within the interval. Forexample, the age–adjusted primary brain tumorincidence rate is 16.5 cases per 100,000 person–years.We can be 95 percent certain that the actual incidencerate is between 16.4 and 16.6 cases per 100,000person–years.

In order to be able to compare incidence rates amongstatistical reports, agencies, or registries, one mustdetermine whether the case definition, data collection,and rate calculation are similar. How is an incident casedefined? Are all primary malignant and non–malignanttumors included in the analysis? Are only malignanttumors included in the analysis? What tumor locations(primary sites) are included in the analysis? Are lym-phomas and hemopoietic neoplasms included in therates? Are the populations comparable? Are the ratesage–adjusted? And if so, to which standardpopulation are they age–adjusted? Differences in case



definition, data collection, methodology, analysis, andrate computation may prevent the direct comparison ofpublished rates between sources.

METHODS

Data Collection

CBTRUS obtained incidence data from nineteencollaborating state cancer registries that include casesof non–malignant (benign and uncertain) andmalignant primary brain and central nervous systemtumors. Data were requested from each registry on allcases newly diagnosed between 2000 and 2004 with aprimary brain/central nervous system tumor at any ofthe following sites (International Classification ofDiseases for Oncology (ICDO) codes in parentheses):brain (C71.0–C71.9), meninges (C70.0–C70.9), spinalcord, cranial nerves, and other parts of the centralnervous system (C72.0–C72.9), pituitary and pinealglands (C75.1–C75.3), and olfactory tumors of thenasal cavity [C30.0 (9522–9523)].4 Data were receivedwithout direct personal identifiers. Population data foreach state were obtained from the SEERprogram website, which receives yearly populationestimates from the U.S. Census Bureau.5

Sixteen states provided non–malignant and malignantincidence data for the entire five–year period (Figure 1).North Dakota and South Dakota began collecting dataon non–malignant tumors in 2001 and WestVirginia began collecting data on non–malignanttumors in 2002.Data were edited using a modified version of theNAACCR Call for Data 2007 metafile and EDITS6

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software that generates warnings when illogical orimpossible site, morphology, and/or behavior combinationswere reported. When possible, queries were directed tothe state cancer registry staff for correction or clarification.Further review of site/histology combinations by ourconsulting neuropathologist resulted in additional exclu-sions lowering the original number of cases submitted bycollaborating state cancer registries.

Classification by Histology

The histology groupings used in this report weredeveloped in collaboration with the CBTRUS consultingneuropathologist, Dr. Janet Bruner, of the University ofTexas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. These groupingsare broadly based on the World Health Organization(WHO) categories for brain tumors.7 The list ofICDO–morphology codes included in each group ispresented in Table 1. The classification scheme utilizesICDO–3 codes8 and may include morphology codes thatwere not previously reported to CBTRUS.9 In this report,incidence rates are provided by histology and by majorhistology grouping. The CBTRUS classification schemereflects changes in the grouping and order of histologycodes within the major histology categories comparedto editions of the CBTRUS classification scheme priorto 2002.9

Definition of Tumor Locations (Sites)Various terms are used to describe the regions ofthe brain and central nervous system. The sites referredto in this report are broadly based on the categoriesand site codes defined in the SEER Site/Histology Vali-dation List10.

The tumors included in this report includeolfactory tumors of the nasal cavity in addition tobrain tumors located in sites included in thestandard definition from theConsensus Conferenceon Brain Tumor Definition for Registration9.According to the standard definition from theConsensus Conference9, reportable primarybrain–related tumors (intracranial and centralnervous system tumors) are all primary tumors,irrespective of histology and behavior, occurringin the following sites: meninges; brain; spinalcord, cranial nerves, other parts of the centralnervous system, pituitary gland, craniopharyngealduct, and pineal gland.In this report, statistics by site are grouped inthe following manner: The frontal lobe (ICDOsite code C71.1), temporal lobe (C71.2), parietallobe (C71.3), and occipital lobe (C71.4) aregrouped together. Cerebrum (C71.0), ventricle(C71.5), cerebellum (C71.6), and brain stem

Figure 1. CBTRUSCollaborating State Registries

Data from collaborating state registries included in CBTRUS Statistical Report:Primary Brain Tumors in the United States, 2000-2004.



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(C71.7) are each grouped independently. Overlappinglesion of the brain, as well as brain sites not otherwisespecified (NOS), are defined by ICDO site codesC71.8– C71.9. The cranial nerve category(C72.2–72.5) includes the olfactory nerve, optic nerve,acoustic nerve, and other cranial nerves. The spinalcord (C72.0) and cauda equina (C72.1) are groupedtogether. Overlapping lesion of the brain and centralnervous system, as well as nervous system sites nototherwise specified (NOS), are defined by ICDO sitecodes C72.8–C72.9. The meninges (C70.0–C70.9)include the cerebral meninges and spinal meninges.Pituitary tumors (C75.1–C75.2) include tumors locat-ed in the pituitary gland and craniopharyngeal duct.Pineal tumors (C75.3) include tumors located in thepineal gland. In this report, tumors located in the nasalcavity (C30.0) are olfactory tumors (defined byICDO–3 morphology codes 9522–9523).

Estimation of Incidence andMortality Rates

Incidence rates were generated using SAS, a com-puter based statistical analysis system, and SEER*Statstatistical software.11,12 Overall rates for non–malignantand malignant tumors and rates for selected histologygroupings by gender, race, and age were estimatedusing data from the sixteen regions that provided fiveyears of non-malignant and malignant tumor data,2000–2004. Overall rates by Hispanic origin fornon–malignant and malignant tumors and rates forselected histology groupings were estimated usingdata from the sixteen regions that provided completeHispanic ethnicity data for the years 2000–2004,including the NAACCR Hispanic IdentificationAlgorithm, version 2 (NHIA v2) data field.Age–adjusted rates based on five–year age groupingswere standardized to the Year 2000 U.S. standardpopulation. The age distribution of the 2000 U.S.standard population is shown in Table 2. Populationsfor the CBTRUS regions, 16 states combined, areshown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The number ofincident cases by gender, race, Hispanic origin, andhistology are presented in Tables 5–8 for all ages andfor children.State incidence and mortality rates for malignanttumors from 2000–2004 were obtained from the mostcurrent Cancer Incidence in North America (CINA)Publication on the NAACCR website.13 These rateswere adjusted using the 2000 U.S. standard population.

Differences in Brain Tumor Definition

NAACCR, NPCR, and SEER categorize braintumors differently than CBTRUS. The definition ofbrain tumors used by NAACCR, NPCR, and SEER (in

their published incidence and mortality statistics)includes tumors located in the brain, meninges, and othercentral nervous system tumors (C70.0–9, C71.0–9, andC72.0–9), but exclude lymphoma and leukemiamorphologies (9590–9989) from all brain and centralnervous system sites. NPCR now includes separatetables for malignant and non–malignant brain and CNStumors reflecting the Consensus Conference definitionin the publication United States Cancer Statistics(USCS) Incidence and Mortality. The ConsensusConference defines primary brain tumors, irrespective ofhistology, as those occurring in the meninges, brain,spinal cord, cranial nerves, other parts of the centralnervous system, pituitary gland, craniopharyngeal duct,and pineal gland (C70.0–9, C71.0–9, C72.0–9,C75.1–3). An increase in rates in the following histologygroups and subgroups may result: (groups) tumors of thecranial and spinal nerves; tumors of the sellar region and(subgroups) unique astrocytoma variants; neuronal/glial,neuronal; meningioma; hemangioma.The CBTRUS reports data on all tumor morphologieslocated within the Consensus Conference site definitionincluding the leukemia and lymphoma morphologies(9590–9989) as well as including olfactory tumors of thenasal cavity [C30.0 (9522–9523)]. NAACCR, NPCR,and SEER include pilocytic astrocytomas, a tumor listedin the WHO 2000 Classification of Tumours of the$ervous System as having uncertain behavior, in theirmalignant brain tumor data and statistics. The CBTRUShas categorized pilocytic astrocytomas in the malignanttumor category to enhance comparability of rates,especially for comparison of childhood brain tumorrates. It is important to understand these differences indefinition as they prevent the direct comparison ofpublished rates. Please keep in mind that statistics forlymphomas and hemopoietic neoplasms contained inthis report refer only to lymphomas and hemopoieticneoplasms of the brain and central nervous system.Even among CBTRUS collaborating registries thereare differences in the requirements for reporting ofnon–malignant tumors for the years of data included inthis report. (Beginning with data for tumors diagnosed in2004, brain tumor definition will be consistent with theConsensus Conference definition across all registries.)For example, one of the collaborating registries collectsdata on benign tumors of the brain and meninges, butexcludes benign tumors of the spinal cord and acousticnerve for cases diagnosed prior to 2004.15 A fewcollaborating registries did not actively collect pituitaryor pineal gland tumors of benign or uncertain behaviorfor cases diagnosed prior to 2004. These reportingpractices result in incidence estimates lower than inactuality. On the other hand, active collection of benign


tumors was required in several states for casesdiagnosed prior to 2004, resulting in apparently higherestimates of incidence. In addition, states that requiredthe collection of all primary brain tumors regardless ofthe method of diagnosis for cases diagnosed prior to2004 will appear to have higher incidence rates thanstates that primarily collect histologically confirmedtumors. More detailed discussions of state reportingdifferences are available.15,16 Standardization of braintumor reporting occurred with adoption of UniformData Standards (UDS) for non–malignant brain tumorsin July 2003 and will aid in distinguishing differencesin reporting practices from true variation in theincidence of brain tumors between states. UDS werenecessary for implementation of the Benign BrainTumor Cancer RegistriesAmendmentAct (Public Law107–260) which required all NPCR registries toexpand their primary brain tumor data collection toinclude tumors of benign and uncertain behavior.Public Law 107–260 went into effect January 1, 2004.These issues were recognized by CBTRUS and by theNational Coordinating Council for Cancer Surveil-lance and were actively addressed by the Brain TumorWorking Group.

Estimation of �umber of Cases and �umber of Deaths

Estimated number of cases of malignant andnon–malignant tumors were calculated usingage–specific rates (CBTRUS 2000–2004 data). Popu-lation data (projections) for each state for 2007 wereobtained from the U.S. Census Bureau website.17

Estimated number of deaths for malignant tumorswere obtained from the American Cancer Societypublication, Cancer Facts & Figures 2007.18 Thesource for its data was the U.S. Mortality Public UseData Tapes, 1969–2004, from the National Center forHealth Statistics.

Estimation of Survival Rates

SEER*Stat 6.3 statistical software was used to esti-mate one–through ten–year relative survival rates forprimary malignant brain tumor cases diagnosedbetween 1973–2004 in nine SEER areas.19 This softwareutilizes life–table (actuarial) methods to computesurvival estimates and accounts for current follow–up.The traditional cohort analysis of survival rates, not theperiod survival method, was utilized for the survivalestimates presented in this report. Long–termcohort–based survival estimates reflect the survivalexperience of individuals diagnosed over the timeperiod, often many years ago, whereas period survivalanalysis method reflects the survival experience dur-

15

ing some more recent calendar period for which data isavailable. The National Cancer Institute publishes bothtypes of survival estimates in their SEER CancerStatistics Review, 1975–2004 publication.Survival estimates were determined for brain(C71.0–C71.9), meninges (C70.0–C70.9), spinal cord,cranial nerves, and other parts of the central nervoussystem (C72.0–C72.9), pituitary and pineal glands(C75.1–C75.3), and olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity[C30.0 (9522–9523)]. Lymphomas and leukemias(morphology codes 9590–9989) and meningiomas(9530–9539) are included from all brain and centralnervous system sites. Second or later primary tumors,cases diagnosed at autopsy, cases in which race or sex iscoded as other or unknown, and cases known to be alivebut for whom follow–up time could not be calculatedwere excluded from the SEER data analyses.

RESULTSPrimary Brain Tumors: Incidence by State, Year,Behavior, and AgeDistribution

The number of reported brain tumors from theparticipating registries is listed by state in Table 9. Over75,000 tumors were reported to CBTRUS from acombined population of 94.1 million that representsapproximately 32% of the U.S. population. The overallpercent of non–malignant tumors varied considerably bystate (range: 37–69%). Seventy–three percent of alltumors had a histologically confirmed diagnosis, withsubstantial regional variation (state range: 59–97%).Note: SEER includes pilocytic astrocytomas, a tumor ofuncertain, not malignant, behavior in their malignantbrain tumor data and statistics. CBTRUS has categorizedpilocytic astrocytomas in the malignant tumor categoryto enhance comparability of rates.Among the reported brain tumors in Table 9, malesaccounted for 44% of the cases and females for 56% ofthe cases. Eight percent of the cases were in individualsless than 20 years of age at the time of diagnosis and92% were in individuals 20 years of age or older at thetime of the diagnosis. Caucasians accounted for 87% andAfrican–Americans for 8% of cases. Eleven percent ofthe cases were in individuals of Hispanic origin and 89%were in individuals not of Hispanic origin.Overall IncidenceThe inclusion of state data in the incidence rates in thisreport was limited to those registries that providednon–malignant and malignant tumor data for all fiveyears, 2000–2004. Sixteen states (Arizona, Colorado,



Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts,Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, New York, NorthCarolina, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, andVirginia) metthis criterion. Among those states, 73,583 tumors werereported. The overall incidence rate for primary brainand central nervous system tumors was 16.5 per100,000 person–years adjusted with the year 2000standard (Table 10). The overall incidence rate was 4.5per 100,000 person–years for children 0–19 years ofage (4.6 per 100,000 person–years for children lessthan 15 years) and 21.3 per 100,000 person–years foradults (20+ years). The overall incidence rates oftumors by behavior and age group (0–19 years and 20+years) are shown in Figure 2.

Overall Incidence Rates by YearThe overall incidence rates by calendar year variedslightly from 2000 though 2004 (Figure 3). Theoverall incidence rates were as follows: 15.2 per100,000 person–years in 2000; 15.9 per 100,000person–years in 2001; 16.2 per 100,000 person–yearsin 2002; 17.0 per 100,000 person–years in 2003; and18.2 per 100,000 person–years in 2004. The increasein incidence rates between 2000 and 2004 was statisti-cally significant for non-malignant brain tumors,but not for malignant brain tumors. The 2003 and2004 incidence rates may have been influencedby the increased awareness and surveillance ofnon–malignant brain and central nervous systemtumors resulting from Public Law 107–260 which waspassed in 2002 and instituted beginning in 2004.

Incidence Rates by State, Age, and BehaviorThe overall average annual incidence rate by state,age, and behavior are displayed in Table 10. Note:


16

CBTRUS has categorized pilocytic astrocytomas in themalignant tumor category to provide continuity betweenSEER and CBTRUS statistics, especially for comparisonof childhood brain tumor statistics. The total stateincidence rates of all primary brain tumors (malignantand non–malignant) ranged from 11.4 to 23.5 per100,000 person–years. The state incidence rates of allprimary non–malignant brain tumors ranged from 4.5 to16.3 per 100,000 person–years and the state incidencerates of all primary malignant brain tumors ranged from5.9 to 8.5 per 100,000 person–years. The state–specific

incidence rates for non–malignant tumors ranged from6.0 to 22.1 per 100,000 person–years among adults 20

years of age and older and from 0.1 to 1.8 per100,000 person–years among children less than 20years of age. The state–specific incidence rates formalignant tumors ranged from 7.3 to 10.5 per100,000 person–years among adults 20 years of ageand older and from 2.3 to 4.5 per 100,000 per-son–years among children less than 20 years of age.There is less variation by state in malignant tumorrates as compared to rates for tumors of non-malig-nant behavior suggesting greater consistency inreporting of the malignant tumors. The variation intumor rates by state for children is less than that foradults for both malignant tumors and tumors ofnon–malignant (benign or uncertain) behavior.Because very few non–malignant tumors occur inchildren, the lower variability in incidence suggestsreporting differences in non–malignant tumors maybe driving the variability in incidence rates between

states in the adults. The small magnitude of tumors inchildren for several of the states listed in Table 10 mayproduce unstable rates, and thus it is prudent to usecaution when interpreting and comparing these

Figure 3. Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesa of Primary Brain and CNS Tumors by Year

CBTRUS 2000-2004b

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2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-2004

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Figure 2. Total Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesa of Primary Brain and CNS Tumors by Age

and Proportionally by Behavior CBTRUS 2000-2004b

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Children (0-14 yr) Children (0-19 yr) Adults (20+ yr) All Ages

Uncertain

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aAge-adjusted to the 2000 United States population.bData from North Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia excluded.


numbers. With the passage of the Benign Brain TumorCancer Registries Amendment Act (Public Law107–260), non–malignant brain tumor rates willbecome comparable across states.The incidence rates by tumor behavior and state areillustrated in Figure 4. The state rates for the malignanttumors (state range: 5.9 to 8.5 per 100,000person–years) are much less variable than the reported

rates for the non–malignant tumors (state range: 4.5 to16.3 per 100,000 person–years). The state variationshown in these figures and tables, especially inreported incidence rates for the non–malignant tumors,likely reflects differences in registry reporting prac-tices including case ascertainment.An example ofthis is Colorado, which has the highest estimatedincidence for brain tumors overall. Colorado alsohas the highest percentage of reportednon–malignant brain tumors, as well as the lowestpercentage of histologically confirmed tumors.Even before 2004, Colorado law required activecollection of all primary brain tumors. As manynon–malignant brain tumors are not histologicallyconfirmed, this results in a lower percent of diag-nostically confirmed tumors. A statistically sig-nificant negative correlation exists between theproportion of tumors with non–malignant behav-ior and the proportion of tumors diagnosticallyconfirmed by state for the data presented in Table9. In addition, the active collection of all braintumors in Colorado results in a higher incidencerate compared to other registries, some of whichdid not follow these same reporting practices (seeprior section, Differences in Brain Tumor Defini-

tion, for further details) (Table 9). Standardization ofbrain tumor collection and reporting will allow obser-vation of the true variation in the incidence of braintumors between states.

Primary Brain Tumors: Incidence by Site, Histology,Gender, Race, Hispanic Origin, and Age

Distribution of Tumors by Site and Histology

The distribution of tumors by site is shown inFigure 5. The majority of tumors (27%) are locatedwithin the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipitallobes of the brain. Cerebrum, ventricle, cerebellum,and brain stem tumors account for 2%, 1%, 4%,and 2% of all tumors, respectively. Other tumorsof the brain account for 13% of all tumors. Tumorsof the meninges represent 29% of all tumorsreported to CBTRUS. The cranial nerves and thespinal cord/cauda equina account for 7% and 4%of all tumors, respectively. The pituitary andpineal glands account for about 10% of tumors.Olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity and othercentral nervous system tumors, NOS (nototherwise specified), each account for less than1% of tumors reported to CBTRUS.The distribution by histology is shown in Figure

6. The most frequently reported histology is a predom-inately non–malignant tumor, meningioma, whichaccounts for over 32% of all tumors, followed byglioblastomas and astrocytomas. The predominatelynon-malignant nerve sheath tumors and pituitary


17

Figure 4. Total Average Annual Age-Adjusted Incidence Ratesa of Primary Brain and CNS Tumors by State

and Proportionally by BehaviorCBTRUS 2000-2004b

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AZ CO CT DE ID ME MA MN MT NM NY NC ND RI SD TX UT VA WV

Malignant Benign Uncertain

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tumors account for 9% and 8% of all tumors,respectively. Acoustic neuromas account for57% of all nerve sheath tumors.Gliomas are tumors that arise from glialcells, and include astrocytomas, glioblas-tomas, oligodendrogliomas, ependymomas,mixed gliomas, malignant gliomas NOS, andneuroepithelial tumors. The broad categoryglioma represents 36% of all tumors (Figure6). The distribution of tumors by site forgliomas is shown in Figure 7. Sixty–onepercent of gliomas occur in the frontal,temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes of thebrain. The distribution by specific histologyfor gliomas is illustrated in Figure 8.Glioblastomas account for the majority of

gliomas, while astrocytomas and glioblas-tomas account for three–quarters of gliomas.

Distribution of Tumors by Site and Histologyin Young Adults (20-34 Years)

Among young adult men ages 20–39 years,brain tumor malignancies were the secondleading cause of cancer death in 2001, 2002,2003, and 2004, and the leading cause ofcancer death in 2000. Among young adultwomen ages 20–39 years, brain tumormalignancies were the fourth leading causeof cancer death in 2003 and the fifth leadingcause of cancer death in 2000, 2002, and2004.20,21,22,23,24,25,26 Nine percent of the tumorsreported to CBTRUS occurred in personsbetween the ages of 20–34 years. The

distribution of all brain tumors by site foryoung adults are shown in Figure 9. Themajority of tumors (28%) in young adults(ages 20–34 years) are located within thefrontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital lobesof the brain. Cerebrum, ventricle, cerebellum,and brain stem tumors account for 3%, 3%,6%, and 3% of all young adult tumors,respectively. Other tumors of the brainaccount for 11% of all young adult tumors.Tumors of the meninges represent 13% of allyoung adult tumors reported to CBTRUS.The cranial nerves and the spinal cord/caudaequina account for 7% and 7% of all youngadult tumors, respectively. The pituitary andpineal glands account for about 20% ofyoung adult tumors. Olfactory tumors of thenasal cavity and other central nervous system


18


tumors, NOS, each account for less than 1% of youngadult tumors reported to CBTRUS.The distribution by histology for young adults (ages20–34 years) is shown in Figure 9. The most frequentlyreported histologies are the predominatelynon–malignant tumors pituitary (17%) and menin-

gioma (14%). Astrocytomas as a group account for16% of all young adult tumors. Glioblastomas accountfor 5%. The predominately non–malignant nervesheath tumors account for 11% of all young adulttumors. The broad category glioma accounts for 39%of tumors in young adults.

Incidence Rates by Site and Gender

Incidence rates by site are provided in Table 11.Rates were highest for tumors located in themeninges (4.8 per 100,000 person–years), followedby tumors located in the four lobes of the brain,other areas of the brain, pituitary, cranial nerves,spinal cord/cauda equina, cerebellum, cerebrum,brain stem, ventricle, other nervous system, andpineal gland. Rates were lowest for olfactory tumorsof the nasal cavity (less than 0.1 per 100,000person–years). By gender, rates were higher infemales than in males for tumors located in themeninges. Males had higher or similar rates com-pared to females for all other sites.

Median Age at Diagnosis by HistologyThe median age of diagnosis for all primary braintumors is 57 years (Table 12). The histology–specificmedian ages range from 9 to 70 years. Pilocytic astro-cytomas, medulloblastomas, and germ cell tumors havea median age of onset under 20 years of age. Menin-

giomas and glioblastomas are primarily diagnosed atolder ages. Un-classified tumors had a median age of67 years, suggesting that younger in-dividuals mayreceive more specific tumor identification and classifi-cation.

Incidence Rates by Major Histology Groupings andSpecific HistologiesIncidence rates by major histology groupings areprovided (Tables 12 – 19). Among major histologygroupings, rates were highest for tumors of the neu-roepithelial tissue (6.4 per 100,000 person–years),followed by tumors of the meninges (5.5 per 100,000person–years), tumors of the sellar region (1.5 per100,000 person–years) and tumors of the cranial andspinal nerves (1.5 per 100,000 person–years) (Table12).Incidence rates varied by specific histology (Table12). Rates were highest for meningiomas (5.3 per100,000 person–years), glioblastomas (3.1 per 100,000person–years), nerve sheath tumors (1.5 per 100,000


19


person–years), and pituitary tumors (1.4 per 100,000person–years).The incidence rate of gliomas was 6.0 per 100,000person–years, a major contributor to the magnitude ofthe neuroepithelial tissue rate.While acoustic neuromas comprise the majority

(57%) of nerve sheath tumors (1.5 per 100,000 per-son–years), these tumors are included under tumors ofcranial and spinal nerves acording to the CBTRUSgrouping scheme.Acoustic neuromas account for 5% ofall primary brain tumors.

IncidenceRatesbyGenderandHistology

Incidence rates by histology andgender are presented in Table 13.Rates for all primary brain tumorscombined are higher among females(17.2 per 100,000 person–years)than males (15.8 per 100,000person–years). The differencebetween these rates is statisticallysignificant. Rates for tumors of theneuroepithelial tissue are almost 1.4times greater in males as comparedto females, while tumors of themeninges are 2.2 times greater infemales as compared to males. Theincidence rate of gliomas is higher inmales (7.2 per 100,000 peson–years)than in females (5.0 per 100,000 per-son–years).Similar patterns were

found for individual histologies, with rates higher inmales, especially for germ cell tumors, glioblastomas,and embryonal/primitive/medulloblastomas, or compa-rable between males and females, with the notableexception of meningiomas, which are twice as commonin women. Incidence rate ratios (male:female) forselected histologies are shown in Figure 10.

IncidenceRatesbyRaceandHistology

Incidence rates by histology andrace are shown in Table 14. Ratesfor all primary brain tumors com-bined are higher among whites(16.8 per 100,000 person–years)than blacks (13.0 per 100,000 per-son–years). The difference betweenthese rates is statistically signifi-cant. Rates for most histologies arehigher in whites or comparablebetween whites and blacks. Ratesfor mixed gliomas, nerve sheathtumors, oligodendrogliomas, ependy-momas, anaplastic astrocytomas,germ cell tumors, and glioblas-tomas are two or more timesgreater in whites than in blacks. Incontrast, meningiomas and lym-

phomas are as common in blacks as in whites. Rates forpituitary tumors are slightly higher among blacks (1.7per 100,000 person–years) than whites (1.3 per 100,000person–years). Incidence rate ratios (white:black) forselected histologies are shown in Figure 11.


20

Figure 10. Patterns by Gender for Selected HistologiesCBTRUS 2000-2004

Incidence Rate Ratio (Male to Female)

Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Glioblastoma

Oligodendroglioma

Ependymoma/Anaplastic Ependymoma

Mixed Glioma

Embryonal/Primitive/Medulloblastoma

Nerve Sheath

Meningioma

Lymphoma

Germ Cell Tumors

Pituitary

0.1 1 10

Log Scale

Figure 11. Patterns by Race for Selected HistologiesCBTRUS 2000-2004

0.1 1 10

Incidence Rate Ratio (White to Black)


Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Glioblastoma

Oligodendroglioma

Ependymoma/Anaplastic Ependymoma

Mixed Glioma

Embryonal/Primitive/Medulloblastoma

Nerve Sheath

Meningioma

Lymphoma

Germ Cell Tumors

Pituitary

Log Scale


Incidence Rates by Hispanic Origin,Race, and HistologyIncidence rates by histology, His-panic Origin, and race are shown inTable 15. Of the 73,583 cases report-ed from these 16 states, 8,079 cases(11 percent) were in persons of His-panic origin using the North Ameri-can Association of Central CancerRegistries Hispanic IdentificationAlgorithm, version 2 (NHIA v2), dataelement to indicate Hispanic ethnicity.The NHIA v2 utilizes a combinationof cancer registry data fields (such asbirthplace, race, and surnames) todirectly and indirectly classify casesas Hispanic or non–Hispanic for ana-lytical purposes.

The overall incidence rate for primary brain and cen-tral nervous system tumors among Hispanics is 15.4per 100,000 person–years and among non–Hispanics is16.8 per 100,000 person–years (Table 15). The differ-ence between these two rates is statistically significant.White non–Hispanics (17.1 per 100,000 person–years)have higher rates than white–Hispanics (15.1 per100,000 person–years), black non–Hispanics (13.3 per100,000 person–years), and black Hispanics (7.8 per100,000 person–years).

Incidence Rates by Age and Histology

The age–specific rates by histology are presented inTable 16. The incidence for all brain tumors is highestamong the 75–84 yearolds (56.6 per 100,000person–years) and lowestamong children less than20 years (4.5 per 100,000person–years). However,different histologies havedifferent age distributionsas shown in Table 16.Note: The 0–14 year agecategory found in Tables16, 19, and 24, and in Fig-ures 2, 12, and 15 is a stan-dard age category forchildhood cancer used bysome cancer surveillanceorganizations. The inci-dence of pilocytic astrocy-toma, germ cell tumors,and medulloblastoma are

higher in the younger age groups and decrease withage. This is in contrast to the rates of meningioma,which in-crease progressively with age. Most othertumors, such as glioblastoma and pituitary tumors,increase with age until the incidence begins to declineagain at the oldest age groups. Age–specific incidencerates for selected histologies are shown in Figure 12.The most common brain and CNS tumors by age atoccurrence are shown in Figure 13. The histolog-ic–specific differences in brain and central nervoussystem tumor distribution by age, gender, race, andHispanic origin suggest that these tumors havedifferent causes.


21

Figure 13. Most Common Brain and CNS Tumors by AgeCBTRUS 2000-2004

Age (yr) Most Common Histology Second Most Common Histology

0-4 Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma Pilocytic astrocytoma

5-9 Pilocytic astrocytoma Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma

10-14 Pilocytic astrocytoma Malignant glioma (NOS)

15-19 Pilocytic astrocytoma Pituitary

20-34 Pituitary Meningioma

35-44 Meningioma Pituitary

45-54 Meningioma Glioblastoma




85+ Meningioma Glioblastoma

Figure 12. Age-Specific Incidence of Primary Brain and CNS Tumors by Selected Histologies

CBTRUS 2000-2004

0

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Childhood Primary Brain Tumors: Inci-dence by Site, Histology, Gender, and Age

Childhood Brain Tumors

Brain tumors are the second most com-mon malignancy among children,leukemias as a group being the most com-mon.27 Brain tumors are the most commonform of solid tumor in children.27 Braintumors are the leading cause of death fromsolid tumors in children.27About 8% of thetumors reported to CBTRUS occurred inpersons under the age of 20 years.Distribution of Tumors by Site and HistologyThe distribution of tumors by site isshown in Figure 14. The majority ofchildhood tumors (19%) are located with-in the frontal, temporal, parietal, andoccipital lobes of the brain. Cerebrum,ventricle, cerebellum, and brain stemtumors account for 6%, 6%, 17%, and 12% of all child-hood tumors, respectively. Other tumors of the brainaccount for 17% of all childhood tumors. Tumors of themeninges represent 2% of all childhood tumors report-ed to CBTRUS. The cranial nerves and the spinalcord/cauda equina account for 5% and 6% of all child-hood tumors, respectively. The pituitary and pinealglands account for about 11% of all childhood tumors.Olfactorytumors of thenasal cavityand othercentral ner-vous systemtumors, NOS,each accountfor less than1% of child-hood tumorsreported toCBTRUS.The mostcommon his-tologies inthe youngerage group(ages 0–14years) includepilocytic astro-cytomas andembryonal tu-

mors (medulloblastomas), which account for 20% and16%, respectively, of all brain tumors in children in thisage group (Figure 15). The broad category gliomaaccounts for 56% of tumors in children less than 15years of age. The most common histologies in adoles-cents ages 15–19 years include pilocytic astrocytomasand pituitary tumors, which account for 15% and 14%,respectively, of all brain tumors in that age group (Fig-


22


ure 15). The broad category glioma accounts for 45%of tumors in adolescents ages 15–19 years.

Childhood Incidence Rates by Histology and GenderThe incidence of the most common childhood tumorsis shown in Table 17. The overall incidence rate forchildhood brain tumors (ages 0–19 years) is 4.5 per100,000 person–years. Among major histologygroupings, rates were highest for tumors of theneuroepithelial tissue (3.4 per 100,000 person–years).Pilocytic astrocytoma (0.9 per 100,000 person–years)and medulloblastoma (0.6 per 100,000 person–years)are the most common individual histologies. Note:SEER includes pilocytic astrocytomas, a tumor ofuncertain, not malignant, behavior in their malignantbrain tumor data and statistics. CBTRUS has catego-rized pilocytic astrocytomas in the malignant tumorcategory to provide continuity between SEER andCBTRUS statistics.Among the younger population, brain tumors areslightly more common in boys, with tumors of theneuroepithelial slightly more common and germ celltumors twice as common in boys compared to girls(Table 17). Alternatively, theincidence of pituitary tumors isalmost three times as large infemales compared to males. Allof these differences in ratesbetween boys and girls are statis-tically significant. The smallnumbers of cases for sometumors require caution wheninterpreting and comparing rates.

Childhood Incidence Rates byRace and Gender

Among the younger population(ages 0–19 years) brain tumorsare more common in whites (4.7per 100,000 person–years) thanin blacks (3.0 per 100,000person–years) (Table 18). Thisdifference in rates between thetwo races is statistically significant.Among both whitesand blacks, the rates among boys are slightly higherthan the rates among girls (Table 18). The differences inrates between boys and girls are statistically significantfor whites but not for blacks. The small numbers ofcases for some histologies require caution when inter-preting and comparing rates by race and/or gender.

Childhood Incidence Rates by Age and Histology

The age–specific rates by histology for children aredisplayed in Table 19. The incidence for all braintumors is highest among 0–4 year olds (5.2 per 100,000person–years) and lowest among 10–14 year olds (4.1per 100,000 person–years). However, the differenthistologies have different age distributions as shown inTable 19. The incidence of ependymoma and medul-loblastoma in children decreases with age. The rate ofpilocytic astrocytoma peaks among children 5–9 yearsand then decreases among children 10–19 years. Theincidence of germ cell tumors among children increaseswith age, peaking in the 10–14 year age group.Age–specific incidence rates for selected histologiesare shown in Figure 16. The most common childhoodbrain and CNS tumors by age at occurrence are shownin Figure 13. The histologic–specific differences inbrain and central nervous system tumor distribution byage, gender, and race suggest that these childhoodtumors have different causes.

Primary Brain Tumors: Trends in IncidenceA recent study utilizing fifteen years of CBTRUS data

(1985–1999) provided by six collaborating stateregistries examined the trends in incidence of primarybrain and central nervous system tumors.28 Trends wereexpressed as average annual percentage change (AAPC).Overall, it was concluded that there was a slight statistical-ly significant increase in brain tumor incidence rates overthe study period (AAPC= 1.1%).When brain lymphomas


23

Figure 16. Age-Specific Incidence of Childhood Primary Brain and CNS Tumors by Selected Histologies

CBTRUS 2000-2004

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0-4 5-9 10-14

15-19

Rat

epe

r10

0,00

0pe

rson

-yea

rs

All Primary Tumors

Gliomas

Embryonal, includingMedulloblastoma


Ependymoma/AnaplasticEpendymoma



were excluded from the analysis, the increase remainedstatistically significant (AAPC = 0.9%).A sharp change in incidence of brain lymphomasfrom increasing to decreasing over time was identified.Specific histologies that were increasing includedanaplastic astrocytomas in individuals aged 65 years orolder (AAPC = 6.7%), microscopically confirmedgliomas in adult age groups (20–64 years: AAPC =0.8%; 65+ years: AAPC = 2.2%), and microscopicallyconfirmed glioma, NOS, in children (AAPC = 6.4%).Increases that were not specific to any populationsubgroup were seen for oligodendrogliomas (AAPC =6.9%), ependymomas (AAPC = 3.1%), meningiomas(AAPC = 1.5%), and nerve sheath tumors (AAPC =3.7%). Decreases were noted for astrocytoma, NOS(AAPC = –9.0%), pituitary tumors (AAPC = –1.8%),and nonmicroscopically confirmed gliomas (AAPC =–4.8, –4.1, and –2.7 for 0–19 years, 20–64 years, and65+ years, respectively).

It was conjectured that improvements in diagnostictechnology and classification are likely reflected in thenegative trends in glioma, NOS and astrocytoma, NOStumors, and the accompanying positive trends in someglioma and astrocytoma subgroups. However,increases seen in ependymomas, meningiomas, andnerve sheath tumors are less likely to be related toimprovements in diagnosis and deserve furtherattention. It was noted that the increasing and decreasingincidence of lymphoma was likely influenced byHIV/AIDS trends.

Primary Malignant Brain Tumor Rates: Incidence,Mortality, Estimated Cases and Deaths, and Survival

Incidence and Mortality Rates for Malignant BrainTumors by State and Gender

Incidence and mortality rates for primary malignantbrain tumors by state were obtained from the mostrecent NAACCR Cancer Incidence in North Americapublication13 and are shown in Table 20. These rates areadjusted using the 2000 U.S. standard population. The2000–2004 mortality rates by gender are available forall 50 states and the District of Columbia. Incidencerates for malignant brain tumors were available formost states from the same time period with a fewexceptions. Incidence statistics for the United States asa whole include data from 44 central cancer registries(38 states, 5 metropolitan areas, and the District ofColumbia) covering 82%of theUnited States population.

Estimated $umbers of Cases of All Primary BrainTumors by State

The estimated numbers of cases of all primary braintumors and of all malignant brain tumors by state for2007 are shown in Table 21. The estimated number ofcases of malignant and non–malignant tumors by statewere calculated using CBTRUS age–specificincidence rates (2000–2004) and population projec-tions for each state. The total number of new cases ofprimary brain tumors for all 50 states and the Districtof Columbia in 2007 is estimated to be 51,410. Thetotal number of new cases of primary malignant braintumors for all 50 states and the District of Columbia in2007 is estimated to be 22,710.Because reported state rates for malignant braintumors are much less variable than the reported ratesfor non–malignant brain tumors, the estimated numberof cases of all brain tumors is less stable than theestimated number of cases of malignant tumors. Theage–specific rates used to compute the estimatednumber of all (non–malignant and malignant) braintumor cases are based on CBTRUS 2000–2004 data,which has acknowledged variation in case ascertain-ment of non-malignant tumors by collaborating states.Thus, the estimated cases of all brain tumors presentedin Table 21 may be underestimated for states that havemore complete reporting of brain tumors and overesti-mated for states that have less complete reporting ofbrain tumors.

Estimated $umbers of Deaths for Malignant BrainTumors by State

The estimated numbers of deaths for primary malig-nant brain tumors by state for 2007 are shown in Table21. The estimated number of deaths for malignanttumors were obtained from the American CancerSociety publication, Cancer Facts & Figures 2007.18The source for these data was the U.S. MortalityPublic Use Data Tapes, 1969–2004, from the NationalCenter for Health Statistics. The total number ofprimary malignant brain tumor deaths for all 50 statesand the District of Columbia in 2007 is estimated tobe 12,740.Survival Rates for Malignant Brain Tumors by TumorLocation (Site) and GenderSurvival estimates by tumor location (site) andgender are presented in Table 22. Patients with tumorsin the cerebrum, the frontal, temporal, parietal, andoccipital lobes of the brain, and other brain havefive–year survival rates less than 24%. Patients with

24


tumors in the cranial nerves, spinal cord/cauda equina,pituitary and pineal glands, nasal cavity, and cerebellumhave five–year survival rates equal to or greater than65%. For most tumor locations, females have slightlybetter survival, although survival is much higher infemales with tumors of the meninges than males. Maleshave slightly better five–year survival for tumors of thebrain stem, cranial nerves, spinal cord/cauda equina, andpineal glands.

Survival Rates for Malignant Brain Tumors by Histologyand AgeSurvival estimates for malignant brain tumors byhistology and age at diagnosis are presented in Tables 23and 24. The one– through ten–year relative survivalrates by histology are shown in Table 23. The estimatedfive– and ten–year relative survival rates for malignantbrain tumors are 30% and 26%, respectively. However,there is a large variation in survival estimates betweentumor histologies (Table 23). Five–year survival ratesare 92% for pilocytic astrocytomas but are less than 4%for glioblastomas. Survival generally decreases witholder age at diagnosis (Table 24). Children and youngadults have better survival for most histologies.

Histology–Specific Summary InformationThe information presented in these tables can besynthesized to describe specific histologies.As an exam-ple we have chosen the two most common histologies,meningiomas and glioblastomas.Meningiomas are the most frequently reported tumorand account for more than 32% of tumors reported toCBTRUS (Table 12). Ninety–six percent of menin-giomas reported to CBTRUS had a non–malignantbehavior code (92% benign and 4% borderline). Menin-giomas are more common in older adults (median age atdiagnosis is 64 years) (Table 12) and are uncommon inchildren. The incidence of meningiomas increases withincreasing age. The rates for meningiomas increasedramatically after age 65 and continue to be high evenamong the population aged 85 and older (Table 16).Meningiomas are twice as common in females ascompared to males (Table 13). The incidence in menin-giomas is similar between whites and African Ameri-cans (Table 14). Only malignant meningiomas arereported in the SEER database and survival estimateswere not generated. Information about meningiomasurvival estimates was previously estimated using datareported to the National Cancer Data Base and showedthe overall five–year survival rate for meningioma to be69%.29 Those individuals with benign meningiomas hadan overall five–year survival rate of 70%, whereas those

with a malignant meningioma had an overall five–yearsurvival rate of 55%.29

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the second most frequentlyreported histology and the most common malignancy.They account for 19% of all primary brain tumors (Table12). Glioblastomas are more common in older adults(median age at diagnosis is 64 years) (Table 12) and areuncommon in children. Glioblastomas comprise approx-imately 3% of all tumors reported among 0–19 year olds(Table 17). The incidence of glioblastomas increaseswith increasing age. The rates for glioblastomas arehighest in 75 to 84 years olds (Table 16). Glioblastomasare 1.7 times more common in males (Table 13).Glioblastomas are two times higher among whites ascompared to blacks (Table 14). The relative survivalestimates for glioblastoma are quite low; less than 4% ofpatients survived five years post diagnosis (Table 23).Glioblastoma survival estimates are somewhat higherfor the small number of patients who are diagnosedunder age 20 (Table 24).

SUMMARY

These data present an updated summary (2000–2004)of the incidence of all primary malignant and non-malig-nant brain tumors and incidence, mortality and survivalfor all primary malignant brain tumors in the UnitedStates. We hope that these data are useful to clinicians,researchers, and patient families.

REFERE$CES1Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Kupelian V, Jukich PJ, Bruner JM, DavisFG. Descriptive epidemiology of primary brain and CNS tumors:Results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States,1990–1994. Neuro–Oncology. 1(1):14–25, 1999. (Posted toNeuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 98–04, January 19, 1999. URL<neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

2CBTRUS. 1996 Annual Report. Published by the Central BrainTumor Registry of the United States, 1997.

3CBTRUS. 1995 First Annual Report. Published by the Central BrainTumor Registry of the United States, 1996.

4Percy C, Van Holten V, and Muir CM (eds). International Classifica-tion of Diseases for Oncology, second edition, World Health Organi-zation, Geneva, Switzerland, 1996.

5US population data. Surveillance, Epidemiology, andEndResults (SEER)Program Populations (1969–2004) (www.seer.cancer.gov/popdata),National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program,Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2007.


25



6EDITS version 2.00 Division of Cancer Prevention and Control,National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promo-tion. CDC, U.S Public Health Service, Department of Health andHuman Services, Feb 7,1997.

7Kleihues P, Burger PC, and Scheithauer BW. The newWHO classifi-cation of brain tumors. Brain Pathology, 3: 255–268, 1993.

8Fritz A, Percy C, Jack A, Shanmugaratnam K, Sobin L, Perkin DM,Whelan S (eds). International Classification of Diseases for Oncolo-gy, Third edition. World Health Organization, 2000.

9McCarthy BJ, Surawicz T, Bruner JM, Kruchko C, Davis F. Consensusconference on brain tumor definition for registration. Neuro–Oncology.4:134–145, 2002 (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc.01–059, February 21, 2002. URL<neuro–oncoogy.mc.duke.edu>)10ICD–O–3 SEER Site/Histology Validation List. Surveillance, Epi-demiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, National Cancer Insti-tute, June 21, 2004.[http://seer.cancer.gov/icd–o–3/sitetype.d06212004.pdf]

11SAS 9.1.3. Copyright (c) 2002–2003 by SAS Institute Inc., Cary,NC, USA.

12Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer InstituteSEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 6.3.6.

13Wu XC, McLaughlin C, LakeA, Firth R, Leonfellner S, Cormier M,Cardinez C, Kosary C, Roney D, Howe HL, (eds). Cancer in NorthAmerica, 2000–2004. Volume One (Incidence), Volume Two (Mortal-ity), and Volume Three (Combined). Springfield, IL: North AmericanAssociation of Central Cancer Registries, Inc., April 2007.[http://www.naaccr.org]

14Ries LAG, Eisner MP, Kosary CL, Hankey BF, Miller BA, Clegg L,Mariotto A, Feuer EJ, Edwards BK (eds). SEER Cancer StatisticsReview, 1975–2001, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD,http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2001/, 2004.

15Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Jukich PJ, Davis FG. The accuracy andcompleteness of primary brain and central nervous system tumor data:results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.Journal of Registry Management. 27(2):51–55, 2000.

16Gershman ST, Surawicz TA, McLaughlin R, Rousseau D. Com-pleteness of reporting of brain and other central nervous system neo-plasms. Journal of Registry Management. 28(4):167–170, 2001.

17U.S. Census Bureau website. [http://www.census.gov/]

18American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2007. Atlanta:American Cancer Society; 2007.

19Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program(www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence – SEER 9Regs Limited–Use, Nov 2006 Sub (1973–2004), National CancerInstitute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer StatisticsBranch, released April 2007, based on the November 2006 submis-sion.

20Greenlee RT, Hill–Harmon MB, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer Statis-tics, 2001. CA Cancer J Clin. 51(1): 15–36, 2001.

21Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2002.CA Cancer J Clin. 52(1):23–47, 2002.

22Jemal A, Murray T, Samuels A, Ghafoor A, Ward E, Thun MJ.Cancer statistics, 2003. CACancer J Clin. 53(1):5–26, 2003.

23JemalA, Tiwari RC,Murray T, GhafoorA, SamuelsA,Ward E, FeuerEJ, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2004. CA Cancer J Clin. 54(1):8–29,2004.

24JemalA,Murray T,Ward E, SamuelsA, Tiwari RC, GhafoorA, FeuerEJ, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2005. CA Cancer J Clin. 55(1):10-30,2005.

25JemalA, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Smigal C, Thun M. Can-cer statistics, 2006. CACancer J Clin. 56(2):106–30, 2006.

26Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statis-tics, 2007. CACancer J Clin. 57(1):43–66, 2007.

27Gurney JG, Smith MA, and Bunin GR. Chapter III: CNS and miscel-laneous intracranial and intraspinal neoplasms. In: Ries LAG, SmithMA, Gurney JG, Linet M, Tamra T,Young JL, Bunin GR (eds). CancerIncidence and Survival among Children and Adolescents: UnitedStates SEER Program 1975–1995, National Cancer Institute, SEERProgram. NIH Pub. No. 99–4649. Bethesda, MD, 1999.[http://seer.cancer.gov/publications/childhood/]

28Hoffman S, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ. Temporal trends in incidenceof primary brain tumors in the United States, 1985–1999.Neuro–Oncology. 8(1):27–37, 2006. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology[serial online], Doc. 05–032, December 5, 2005. URLhttp://neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu;DOI: 10.1215/S1522851705000323.)

29McCarthy BJ, Davis FG, Freels S, Surawicz TS, Damek DM,Grutsch J, Menck HR, Laws ER Jr. Factors associated with survival inpatientswithmeningioma. Journal ofNeurosurgery. 88(5):831–839, 1998.

26


27


TABLES

28

TABLE 1:CBTRUSBRAI$A$DCE$TRAL$ERVOUS SYSTEMTUMORHISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, 2007REVISIO$a

HISTOLOGY ICDO-3b HISTOLOGY CODETUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE

Pilocytic astrocytoma 9421Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 9410, 9420Anaplastic astrocytoma 9401, 9411Unique astrocytoma variants 9383, 9384, 9424Astrocytoma, NOS 9400Glioblastoma 9440, 9441, 9442/3dOligodendroglioma 9450Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 9451, 9460Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 9391, 9392, 9393Ependymoma variants 9394Mixed glioma 9382Glioma malignant, NOS 9380Choroid plexus 9390Neuroepithelial 9381, 9423, 9430, 9444Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 8680, 8681, 8682, 8690, 8693, 9412, 9413, 9442/1e, 9490, 9491,neuronal and mixed 9492, 9493, 9500, 9505, 9506, 9522, 9523Pineal parenchymal 9360, 9361, 9362Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 8963, 9363, 9364, 9470, 9471, 9472, 9473, 9474, 9501, 9502, 9503,

9508

TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVESNerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 9540, 9541, 9550, 9560, 9561, 9570, 9571Other tumors of cranial and spinal nerves 9562

TUMORS OF ME$I$GESMeningioma 9530, 9531, 9532, 9533, 9534, 9537, 9538, 9539Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and 8324, 8728, 8800, 8801, 8802, 8803, 8804, 8805, 8806, 8810,malignant 8815, 8824, 8830, 8831, 8850, 8851, 8857, 8861, 8890, 8897, 8900,

8910, 8920, 8990, 9040, 9150, 9180, 9210, 9241, 9260, 9480Hemangioblastoma 9161, 9535

LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMSLymphoma 9590, 9591, 9596, 9650, 9651, 9652, 9653, 9654, 9655, 9659, 9661,

9662, 9663, 9664, 9665, 9667, 9670, 9671, 9673, 9675, 9680, 9684,9687, 9690, 9691, 9695, 9698, 9699, 9701, 9702, 9705, 9714, 9719,9727, 9728, 9729, 9731, 9733, 9734, 9740, 9741, 9750, 9755, 9756,9757, 9758, 9766, 9827, 9861, 9930, 9970

GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTSGerm cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 8020, 9060, 9061, 9064, 9065, 9070, 9071, 9072, 9080, 9081, 9082,

9083, 9084, 9085, 9100

TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$Pituitary 8022, 8040, 8140, 8146, 8190c, 8246, 8260, 8270, 8271, 8272, 8280,

8281, 8290, 8300, 8310, 8320c, 8323, 8333, 8334, 8341c, 9582Craniopharyngioma 9350, 9351, 9352

LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORSChordoma/chondrosarcoma 9220, 9231, 9240, 9370, 9371, 9372, 9373

U$CLASSIFIED TUMORSHemangioma 9120, 9121, 9122, 9123, 9125, 9130, 9131, 9133, 9140Neoplasm, unspecified 8000, 8001, 8002, 8003, 8004, 8005, 8010, 8013, 8021All other 8683c, 8720, 8811c, 8840c, 8860c, 8896c, 8980c, 9173, 9580, 9751,

9752c, 9753c, 9754 , 9823c, 9837c, 9866c

aThis revision expanded to include all the histologies listed in the standard definition of reportable brain tumors from the Consensus Conference on Brain Tumor Definition.bInternational Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition, 2000. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.cHistologies added in the 2007 revision of the CBTRUS histology grouping scheme as compared to the previous version of the CBTRUS histology grouping scheme.dMorphology 9442/3 only.eMorphology 9442/1 only.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; ICDO, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology; $OS, not otherwise specified.


TABLES

29

TABLE 3: A$$UAL POPULATIO$Sa AVERAGED OVER 2000-2004 FOR CBTRUS, 16 STATES COM-BI$ED, BYAGE, GE$DER A$D RACEb

MALES FEMALES

Age Group Total Whites Blacks Total Whites Blacks0-4 3,271,806 2,625,512 467,282 3,128,800 2,502,202 452,0165-9 3,268,400 2,608,983 481,345 3,119,688 2,479,105 466,15410-14 3,399,652 2,711,937 506,854 3,241,214 2,575,906 492,39715-19 3,327,062 2,681,441 466,602 3,141,581 2,518,439 451,62220-24 3,342,100 2,701,602 442,557 3,158,981 2,518,475 446,31125-29 3,184,962 2,582,312 388,476 3,075,871 2,439,548 418,13030-34 3,363,093 2,741,946 402,222 3,318,259 2,650,251 445,13735-39 3,492,023 2,874,502 419,091 3,495,086 2,824,934 468,82940-44 3,588,873 3,000,167 410,188 3,642,169 2,994,159 461,33345-49 3,261,994 2,759,100 351,749 3,364,533 2,800,105 400,40750-54 2,845,309 2,440,478 281,792 2,985,320 2,516,907 331,02955-59 2,246,132 1,958,129 200,919 2,403,547 2,058,442 248,01960-64 1,692,657 1,478,440 150,111 1,870,832 1,605,255 194,93565-69 1,356,775 1,193,697 116,506 1,571,001 1,356,737 159,86370-74 1,165,390 1,046,378 87,123 1,453,729 1,279,967 132,44675-79 910,844 828,136 61,904 1,292,912 1,157,520 107,13180-84 583,544 535,414 36,493 971,397 881,470 73,09085+ 401,105 367,422 25,725 952,278 867,901 70,239

TOTAL 44,701,721 37,135,595 5,296,938 46,187,199 38,027,322 5,819,089aPopulation data source: SEER program website, which receives population estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau.bThe average annual population combined for the sixteen states for which rates were calculated by race, gender and age: Arizona, Colorado,Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah,and Virginia.Abbreviation: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.

TABLE 2: 2000 U.S. STA$DARD POPULATIO$

AGE GROUP 2000 U.S. AGE GROUP 2000 U.S. AGE GROUP 2000 U.S.0-4 18,986,520 45-49 19,805,793 Total 274,633,6425-9 19,919,840 50-54 17,224,359

10-14 20,056,779 55-59 13,307,23415-19 19,819,518 60-64 10,654,27220-24 18,257,225 65-69 9,409,94025-29 17,722,067 70-74 8,725,57430-34 19,511,370 75-79 7,414,55935-39 22,179,956 80-84 4,900,23440-44 22,479,229 85+ 4,259,173


TABLES

FEMALES

AGE GROUP HISPA$IC WHITE BLACK $O$-HISPA$IC WHITE BLACK

HISPA$IC HISPA$IC $O$-HISPA$IC $O$-HISPA$IC

0-4 815,380 759,709 40,467 2,313,420 1,742,493 411,5485-9 739,503 676,181 43,584 2,380,185 1,802,924 422,57010-14 693,362 633,800 40,612 2,547,853 1,942,105 451,78615-19 633,518 581,623 34,729 2,508,063 1,936,816 416,89420-24 676,479 620,171 38,803 2,482,503 1,898,305 407,50825-29 676,160 622,160 38,236 2,399,711 1,817,388 379,89430-34 641,531 590,322 36,628 2,676,729 2,059,929 408,50935-39 585,180 537,453 33,776 2,909,906 2,287,481 435,05340-44 517,169 475,577 29,289 3,125,000 2,518,582 432,04445-49 419,840 386,181 24,055 2,944,693 2,413,924 376,35250-54 338,109 311,913 18,855 2,647,211 2,204,993 312,17455-59 251,659 233,266 13,384 2,151,888 1,825,176 234,63560-64 188,420 174,968 10,026 1,682,412 1,430,288 184,91065-69 151,733 141,257 7,840 1,419,268 1,215,480 152,02370-74 123,984 116,007 5,915 1,329,745 1,163,960 126,53175-79 92,095 86,248 4,404 1,200,817 1,071,273 102,72780-84 56,479 52,833 2,841 914,918 828,637 70,24985+ 48,876 45,648 2,457 903,402 822,253 67,781

TOTAL 7,649,476 7,045,316 425,902 38,537,722 30,982,006 5,393,187aPopulation data source: SEER program website, which receives population estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau.bThe average annual population combined for the sixteen states for which rates were calculated by Hispanic origin: Arizona, Colorado,Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, Rhode Island,Texas, Utah, and Virginia.Abbreviation: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.

TABLE 4: A$$UAL POPULATIO$Sa AVERAGED OVER 2000-2004 FOR CBTRUS, 16 STATESCOMBI$ED, BYAGE, GE$DER, RACE, A$D HISPA$IC ORIGI$b

MALES

AGE GROUP HISPA$IC WHITE BLACK $O$-HISPA$IC WHITE BLACK

HISPA$IC HISPA$IC $O$-HISPA$IC $O$-HISPA$IC

0-4 850,338 792,302 42,435 2,421,467 1,833,210 424,8475-9 772,349 706,750 45,147 2,496,051 1,902,232 436,19810-14 723,352 662,263 41,807 2,676,300 2,049,674 465,04615-19 689,154 634,833 36,204 2,637,908 2,046,608 430,39820-24 811,326 751,896 39,085 2,530,775 1,949,706 403,47225-29 793,932 740,384 34,862 2,391,030 1,841,928 353,61430-34 715,221 666,519 32,453 2,647,872 2,075,428 369,76935-39 634,091 589,144 30,123 2,857,931 2,285,358 388,96940-44 539,121 501,103 25,356 3,049,751 2,499,065 384,83245-49 418,156 387,353 20,914 2,843,838 2,371,747 330,83550-54 321,852 298,410 16,228 2,523,458 2,142,067 265,56455-59 228,216 212,452 11,122 2,017,916 1,745,677 189,79760-64 162,304 151,254 7,923 1,530,352 1,327,186 142,18865-69 122,316 114,421 5,731 1,234,459 1,079,276 110,77570-74 92,315 86,832 3,908 1,073,075 959,546 83,21475-79 63,783 60,290 2,486 847,061 767,846 59,41880-84 35,539 33,538 1,439 548,005 501,876 35,05485+ 24,510 23,030 1,019 376,594 344,392 24,707

TOTAL 7,997,876 7,412,773 398,241 36,703,845 29,722,822 4,898,697

30


TABLE 5: $UMBER OF CASES BY MAJOR HISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, HISTOLOGY, GE$DER A$D

RACE, CBTRUS, 2000-2004, 16 STATES COMBI$EDa

TOTAL BY GE$DER BY RACE

HISTOLOGY MALES FEMALES WHITES BLACKS

TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 28,821 16,129 12,691 26,073 1,772Pilocytic astrocytoma 1,553 795 758 1,322 142Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 408 219 189 374 18Anaplastic astrocytoma 1,999 1,126 873 1,834 111Unique astrocytoma variants 398 221 177 345 36Astrocytoma, NOS 1,922 1,039 883 1,709 146Glioblastoma 13,628 7,883 5,745 12,652 710Oligodendroglioma 1,473 792 681 1,321 70Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 761 403 357 680 42Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 1,190 634 556 1,062 70Ependymoma variants 349 209 140 320 -Mixed glioma 818 460 358 737 35Glioma malignant, NOS 1,837 925 912 1,592 163Choroid plexus 206 92 114 171 21Neuroepithelial 81 47 34 74 -Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, neuronal 1,013 566 447 868 82and mixedPineal parenchymal 115 49 66 89 21Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 1,070 669 401 923 85TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 6,588 3,183 3,405 5,786 257Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 6,586 3,182 3,404 5,785 256TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 24,518 6,624 17,889 20,928 2,33Meningioma 23,612 6,156 17,451 20,157 2,256Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 281 137 144 234 23Hemangioblastoma 625 331 294 537 52LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 2,058 1,114 944 1,735 227Lymphoma 2,058 1,114 944 1,735 227GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 363 254 109 301 24Germ cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 363 254 109 301 24TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 6,701 3,125 3,573 5,289 844Pituitary 6,175 2,858 3,314 4,875 772Craniopharyngioma 526 267 259 414 72LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 95 58 37 82 -Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 95 58 37 82 -U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 4,439 1,983 2,455 3,772 417Hemangioma 488 218 270 429 33Neoplasm, unspecified 3,894 1,732 2,161 3,293 380All other 57 33 24 50 -TOTAL 73,583 32,470 41,103 63,966 5,879

aArizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, RhodeIsland, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.- Counts are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in thecounts for Totals.Abbreviation:CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

TABLES

31


TABLE 6: $UMBER OF CASES BY MAJOR HISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, HISTOLOGY, RACE A$D HISPA$IC

ETH$ICITY, CBTRUS, 2000-2004, 16 STATES COMBI$EDa

HISPA$ICS $O$-HISPA$ICS

HISTOLOGY OF A$Y RACE WHITE OF A$Y RACE WHITE BLACK

TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 2,937 2,740 25,884 23,333 1,706Pilocytic astrocytoma 214 191 1,339 1,131 138Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 43 41 365 333 17Anaplastic astrocytoma 189 180 1,810 1,654 108Unique astrocytoma variants 56 53 342 292 36Astrocytoma, NOS 214 202 1,708 1,507 144Glioblastoma 995 951 12,633 11,701 683Oligodendroglioma 173 156 1,300 1,165 67Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 73 65 688 615 38Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 160 148 1,030 914 69Ependymoma variants 43 38 306 282 -Mixed glioma 75 66 743 671 33Glioma malignant, NOS 257 235 1,580 1,357 155Choroid plexus 41 37 165 134 21Neuroepithelial - - 72 66 -Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, neuronal 143 127 870 741 78and mixedPineal parenchymal 17 16 98 73 20Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 235 226 835 697 81TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 588 513 6,000 5,273 247Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 588 513 5,998 5,272 246TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 2,590 2,355 21,928 18,573 2,260Meningioma 2,475 2,250 21,137 17,907 2,189Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 47 44 234 190 22Hemangioblastoma 68 61 557 476 49LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 272 247 1,786 1,488 221Lymphoma 272 247 1,786 1,488 221GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 81 77 282 224 22Germ cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 81 77 282 224 22TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 980 868 5,721 4,421 810Pituitary 902 799 5,273 4,076 741Craniopharyngioma 78 69 448 345 69LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 20 20 75 62 -Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 20 20 75 62 -U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 611 561 3,828 3,211 405Hemangioma 80 73 408 356 32Neoplasm, unspecified 524 481 3,370 2,812 369All other - - 50 43 -TOTAL 8,079 7,381 65,504 56,585 5,678

aArizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, RhodeIsland, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.- Counts are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in thecounts for Totals.Abbreviation:CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

TABLES

32


TABLE 7: $UMBER OF CHILDHOOD (AGES 0-19) CASES BY MAJOR HISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, HIS-TOLOGY, GE$DER A$D RACE, CBTRUS, 2000-2004, 16 STATES COMBI$EDa

TOTAL BY GE$DER BY RACE

HISTOLOGY MALES FEMALES WHITES BLACKS

TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 4,403 2,384 2,019 3,691 450Pilocytic astrocytoma 1,120 576 544 na naAnaplastic astrocytoma 91 51 40 na naAstrocytoma, NOS 297 173 124 na naGlioblastoma 180 108 72 na naEpendymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 306 170 136 na naGlioma malignant, NOS 637 306 331 na naNon-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, neuronal 431 222 209 na naand mixedEmbryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 778 490 288 na naTUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 248 135 113 212 -TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 216 108 108 182 -LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 22 - - 19 -GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 231 160 71 184 -TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 434 158 276 347 46Pituitary 261 69 192 na naCraniopharyngioma 173 89 84 na naLOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS - - - - -U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 310 168 141 254 27TOTAL 5,873 3,131 2,741 4,896 571

aArizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, RhodeIsland, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.- Counts are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in thecounts for Totals.na: These numbers were not calculated.Abbreviation:CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

TABLES

33


TABLE 8: $UMBER OF CHILDHOOD (AGES 0-19) CASES BY MAJOR HISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, HIS-TOLOGY A$D AGE AT DIAG$OSIS, CBTRUS, 2000-2004, 16 STATES COMBI$EDa

AGE AT DIAG$OSIS

HISTOLOGY 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 0-19 0-14TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 1,417 1,185 993 808 4,403 3,595Pilocytic astrocytoma 316 324 276 204 1,120 916Anaplastic astrocytoma 18 27 22 24 91 67Astrocytoma, NOS 84 78 65 70 297 227Glioblastoma 32 48 47 53 180 127Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 142 64 53 47 306 259Glioma malignant, NOS 215 216 146 60 637 577Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, neuronal 134 82 100 115 431 316and mixedEmbryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 338 233 129 78 778 700TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 55 46 56 91 248 157TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 43 33 43 97 216 119LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS - - - - 22 -GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 33 40 89 69 231 162TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 37 78 92 227 434 207Pituitary - 16 44 194 261 67Craniopharyngioma 30 62 48 33 173 140LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS - - - - - -U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 82 60 77 91 310 219TOTAL 1,673 1,447 1,359 1,394 5,873 4,479aArizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, $ew Mexico, $ew York, $orth Carolina, RhodeIsland, Texas, Utah, and Virginia.- Counts are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in thecounts for Totals.Abbreviation:CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

TABLES

34


TABLES

35

TABLE 9: CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY (MALIG$A$TA$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$ A$DCE$TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORSa I$ PARTICIPATI$G REGISTRIES,CBTRUS 2000-2004

$O. OF $EWLY PERCE$T PERCE$TSTATE YEARS OF DIAG$OSED $O$-MALIG$A$T HISTOLOGICALLY 2002

DATA BRAI$ & C$S TUMORS CO$FIRMED POPULATIO$b

TUMORSArizona 2000-2004 4,585 60.2 69.1 5,438,159Colorado 2000-2004 4,830 68.7 59.2 4,498,407Connecticut 2000-2004 2,708 47.3 83.8 3,458,382Delaware 2000-2004 479 39.2 84.8 805,767Idaho 2000-2004 1,174 55.0 74.2 1,343,973Maine 2000-2004 1,015 40.9 83.0 1,296,978Massachusetts 2000-2004 4,974 47.6 81.3 6,411,568Minnesota 2000-2004 3,945 54.3 96.9 5,023,526Montana 2000-2004 790 53.0 76.3 910,395New Mexico 2000-2004 1,200 54.9 71.6 1,855,400New York 2000-2004 18,818 59.7 68.6 19,164,755North Carolina 2000-2004 5,434 47.5 80.6 8,312,755North Dakota 2001-2004 326 45.4 69.3 633,571Rhode Island 2000-2004 1,040 55.5 72.0 1,068,550South Dakota 2001-2004 401 37.2 77.1 760,368Texas 2000-2004 16,544 55.6 66.4 21,722,394Utah 2000-2004 1,930 62.1 74.9 2,336,673Virginia 2000-2004 4,117 46.0 84.8 7,286,061West Virginia 2002-2004 944 48.9 66.4 1,804,529TOTAL 75,254 55.3 72.9 94,132,211aSome variation in state counts and rates is due to differences in reporting criteria. Certain states that require the reporting of non-malignantbrain tumors may have more complete reporting.b2002 population data estimates were obtained from the census data provided to the SEER program.Abbreviation: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.


36

TABLES

TABLE10:P

RIM

ARY(M

ALIG

$A$TA$D$O$-M

ALIG

$A$T)B

RAI$

A$DCE$TRAL$ERVOUSSY

STEMTUMORI$

CID

E$CERAT

ESa

,bA$D95%

CO$FIDE$CEI$

TERVA

LSBYAGE,S

TATE,A

$DBEHAV

IOR,A

GE-A

DJU

STED

TOTHE2000

U.S.S

TA$DARDPO

PULAT

IO$,C

BTRUS

2000-2004C

0-19

YEARS

20+YEARS

ALLAGES

MALIG

$A$T

$O$-M

ALIG

$A$T

MALIG

$A$T

$O$-M

ALIG

$A$T

MALIG

$A$T

$O$-M

ALIG

$A$T

ALL

STAT

ETUMORS

Arizona

3.00(2.63-3.40)

1.10(0.88-1.36)

8.21(7.81-8.62)

13.97(13.45-14.52)

6.71(6.41-7.03)10.28(9.90-10.67)

16.99(16.50-17.49)

Colorado

2.94(2.53-3.39)

1.62(1.33-1.97)

9.00(8.51-9.50)

22.14(21.37-22.93)

7.26(6.89-7.64)16.26(15.70-16.83)23.51(22.85-24.19)

Connecticut

3.81(3.27-4.42)

0.80(0.56-1.10)

9.55(9.03-10.10)

9.42(8.90-9.96)

7.91(7.50-8.33)

6.95(6.57-7.34)

14.85(14.29-15.42)

Delaware

3.88(2.80-5.25)

0.74(0.32-1.45)

8.33(7.33-9.43)

6.02(5.17-6.97)

7.05(6.27-7.91)

4.50(3.88-5.20)

11.56(10.54-12.64)

Idaho

3.87(3.07-4.82)

1.09(0.69-1.64)

9.84(8.95-10.80)

13.78(12.72-14.91)

8.13(7.45-8.86)10.14(9.37-10.96)

18.27(17.24-19.35)

Maine

3.78(2.88-4.86)

0.57(0.27-1.06)10.46(9.59-11.38)

7.86(7.11-8.67)

8.54(7.86-9.26)

5.77(5.22-6.35)

14.31(13.43-15.22)

Massachusetts

3.48(3.09-3.91)

1.20(0.98-1.46)

9.65(9.26-10.06)

9.38(8.99-9.77)

7.88(7.58-8.19)

7.03(6.75-7.32)

14.91(14.50-15.34)

Minnesota

3.04(2.65-3.48)

1.43(1.17-1.74)

9.00(8.56-9.45)

11.38(10.89-11.89)

7.29(6.96-7.63)

8.53(8.17-8.90)

15.82(15.33-16.32)

Montana

3.24(2.30-4.44)

0.82(0.41-1.48)

9.56(8.55-10.65)

11.84(10.71-13.05)

7.75(6.97-8.58)

8.68(7.86-9.56)

16.42(15.29-17.62)

NewMexico

2.33(1.80-2.97)

0.78(0.49-1.19)

7.34(6.69-8.03)

9.78(9.04-10.58)

5.90(5.41-6.42)

7.20(6.66-7.78)

13.10(12.37-13.87)

NewYork

3.58(3.35-3.82)

1.80(1.63-1.97)

9.45(9.22-9.68)

15.20(14.91-15.49)

7.76(7.59-7.94)11.35(11.14-11.56)19.11(18.84-19.39)

NorthCarolina

2.94(2.63-3.27)

0.83(0.67-1.01)

8.46(8.13-8.80)

8.40(8.07-8.74)

6.88(6.63-7.13)

6.23(5.99-6.47)

13.10(12.76-13.46)

NorthDakotac

3.81(2.46-5.64)

0.44(0.09-1.30)

7.94(6.72-9.32)

7.21(6.07-8.51)

6.76(5.79-7.84)

5.27(4.45-6.21)

12.03(10.74-13.43)

RhodeIsland

3.48(2.55-4.62)

1.16(0.66-1.88)10.17(9.21-11.20)

13.75(12.62-14.94)

8.25(7.51-9.04)10.13(9.32-11.00)

18.38(17.28-19.54)

SouthDakotac

3.14(2.08-4.54)

0.12(0.00-0.66)

9.78(8.53-11.15)

6.42(5.42-7.55)

7.87(6.92-8.91)

4.61(3.90-5.42)

12.48(11.28-13.78)

Texas

3.23(3.04-3.43)

1.38(1.26-1.52)

9.11(8.88-9.34)

12.92(12.65-13.20)

7.42(7.25-7.60)

9.61(9.41-9.81)

17.03(16.77-17.30)

Utah

3.81(3.24-4.46)

1.65(1.28-2.09)

8.68(7.97-9.43)

17.13(16.13-18.18)

7.28(6.75-7.85)12.69(11.97-13.45)19.98(19.07-20.91)

Virginia

2.60(2.30-2.94)

0.57(0.43-0.74)

7.62(7.29-7.97)

7.08(6.76-7.41)

6.18(5.93-6.45)

5.21(4.98-5.45)

11.40(11.05-11.75)

WestVirginiac

4.49(3.41-5.80)

0.82(0.41-1.47)

9.40(8.51-10.34)

10.16(9.23-11.15)

7.99(7.28-8.75)

7.48(6.81-8.20)

15.47(14.48-16.50)

TOTA

Ld

3.25

(3.15-3.34)

1.29

(1.23-1.35)

8.99

(8.89-9.09)

12.35(12.23-12.47)

7.34

(7.26-7.42)

9.18

(9.09-9.27)

16.52(16.40-16.64)

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TABL

E11:P

RIM

ARY(M

ALI

G$A$TA$D$O$-M

ALI

G$A$T)

BRAI$A$DCE$

TRAL$ER

VOUSSY

STEM

TUMORI$

CID

E$CERAT

ESaBY

SITE

b

A$DG

E$DER

,AGE-ADJU

STED

TOTH

E2000

U.S.S

TA$DARDPO

PULA

TIO$,C

BTRUS2000-2004c

MALES

FEMALES

TOTA

LADJU

STED

ADJU

STED

ADJU

STED

ICDO

CODE

SITE

b$

RAT

E95%

C.I.

$RAT

E95%

C.I.

$RAT

E95%

C.I.

C71.1-C71.4

Frontal,temporal,parietal,

10,669

5.19

(5.09-5.29)

9,182

3.85

(3.77-3.93)

19,852

4.46

(4.40-4.52)

andoccipitallobesofthebrain

C71.0

Cerebrum

925

0.44

(0.41-0.47)

795

0.34

(0.31-0.36)

1,720

0.38

(0.37-0.40)

C71.5

Ventricle

500

0.22

(0.21-0.25)

458

0.20

(0.18-0.22)

958

0.21

(0.20-0.22)

C71.6

Cerebellum

1,354

0.61

(0.58-0.65)

1,220

0.53

(0.50-0.56)

2,574

0.57

(0.55-0.59)

C71.7

BrainStem

813

0.37

(0.34-0.39)

675

0.30

(0.27-0.32)

1,488

0.33

(0.31-0.35)

C71.8-C71.9

Otherbrain

4,969

2.48

(2.41-2.55)

4,917

2.03

(1.97-2.08)

9,886

2.23

(2.19-2.28)

C72.0-C72.1

Spinalcordandcaudaequina

1,568

0.72

(0.69-0.76)

1,371

0.58

(0.55-0.62)

2,939

0.65

(0.63-0.67)

C72.2-C72.5

Cranialnerves

2,261

1.05

(1.01-1.10)

2,597

1.10

(1.06-1.15)

4,858

1.08

(1.05-1.11)

C72.8-C72.9

Othernervoussystem

344

0.16

(0.15-0.18)

315

0.13

(0.12-0.15)

659

0.15

(0.14-0.16)

C70.0-C70.9

Meninges(cerebralandspinal)

5,545

2.85

(2.78-2.93)

15,672

6.46

(6.36-6.56)

21,222

4.80

(4.74-4.87)

C75.1-C75.2

Pituitary

3,270

1.56

(1.50-1.61)

3,752

1.61

(1.56-1.66)

7,025

1.56

(1.52-1.60)

C75.3

Pineal

190

0.08

(0.07-0.09)

112

0.05

(0.04-0.06)

303

0.07

(0.06-0.07)

C30.0(9522-9523)

Olfactorytumorsofthe

620.03

(0.02-0.04)

370.02

(0.01-0.02)

990.02

(0.02-0.03)

nasalcavity

TOTA

L32,470

15.77

(15.60-15.95)

41,103

17.19

(17.02-17.36)

73,583

d16.52

(16.40-16.64)

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TABLES

37


TABLES

TABLE 12: DISTRIBUTIO$ A$D I$CIDE$CE RATESa OF PRIMARY (MALIG$A$TA$D $O$-MALIG-$A$T) BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS BY MAJOR HISTOLOGY GROUP-I$GS A$D HISTOLOGY, AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARD POPULATIO$,CBTRUS 2000-2004b

TOTAL % OFALL MEDIA$ AGE ADJUSTED

HISTOLOGY REPORTED AT RATE$ BRAI$ TUMORS DIAG$OSIS (95% C.I.)

TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 28,821 39.2 53 6.45 (6.37-6.52)Pilocytic astrocytoma 1,553 2.1 12 0.34 (0.32-0.36)Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 408 0.6 45 0.09 (0.08-0.10)Anaplastic astrocytoma 1,999 2.7 51 0.44 (0.43-0.46)Unique astrocytoma variants 398 0.5 36 0.09 (0.08-0.10)Astrocytoma, NOS 1,922 2.6 46 0.43 (0.41-0.45)Glioblastoma 13,628 18.5 64 3.09 (3.04-3.14)Oligodendroglioma 1,473 2.0 41 0.32 (0.31-0.34)Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 761 1.0 49 0.17 (0.16-0.18)Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 1,190 1.6 41 0.26 (0.25-0.28)Ependymoma variants 349 0.5 40 0.08 (0.07-0.08)Mixed glioma 818 1.1 42 0.18 (0.17-0.19)Glioma malignant, NOS 1,837 2.5 41 0.41 (0.39-0.43)Choroid plexus 206 0.3 21 0.04 (0.04-0.05)Neuroepithelial 81 0.1 56 0.02 (0.01-0.02)Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 1,013 1.4 24 0.22 (0.21-0.24)neuronal and mixed

Pineal parenchymal 115 0.2 20 0.03 (0.02-0.03)Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 1,070 1.5 9 0.23 (0.22-0.25)TUMORS OF CRA$IALA$D SPI$AL $ERVES 6,588 9.0 52 1.46 (1.43-1.50)Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 6,586 9.0 52 1.46 (1.43-1.50)TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 24,518 33.3 63 5.55 (5.48-5.62)Meningioma 23,612 32.1 64 5.35 (5.28-5.42)Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 281 0.4 44 0.06 (0.06-0.07)Hemangioblastoma 625 0.8 48 0.14 (0.13-0.15)LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 2,058 2.8 63 0.47 (0.45-0.49)Lymphoma 2,058 2.8 63 0.47 (0.45-0.49)GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 363 0.5 16 0.08 (0.07-0.09)

Germ cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 363 0.5 16 0.08 (0.07-0.09)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 6,701 9.1 49 1.49 (1.45-1.52)Pituitary 6,175 8.4 49 1.37 (1.34-1.41)Craniopharyngioma 526 0.7 35 0.12 (0.11-0.13)LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 95 0.1 50 0.02 (0.02-0.03)Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 95 0.1 50 0.02 (0.02-0.03)U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 4,439 6.0 67 1.01 (0.98-1.04)Hemangioma 488 0.7 44 0.11 (0.10-0.12)Neoplasm, unspecified 3,894 5.3 70 0.88 (0.86-0.91)All other 57 0.1 50 0.01 (0.01-0.02)TOTALc 73,583 100.0 57 16.52 (16.40-16.64)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.

38


TABLES

39

TABLE 13: PRIMARY (MALIG$A$TA$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$A$D CE$TRAL$ERVOUS SYSTEMTUMOR I$CIDE$CE RATESa BYMAJOR HISTOLOGYGROUPI$GS, HISTOLOGYA$DGE$DER,AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARD POPULATIO$, CBTRUS 2000-2004b

MALES FEMALES

ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 7.70 (7.58-7.82) 5.39 (5.29-5.48)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.34 (0.32-0.37) 0.34 (0.32-0.36)Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 0.10 (0.09-0.11) 0.08 (0.07-0.09)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.53 (0.50-0.56) 0.37 (0.35-0.40)Unique astrocytoma variants 0.10 (0.09-0.11) 0.08 (0.07-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.49 (0.46-0.52) 0.38 (0.35-0.40)Glioblastoma 3.94 (3.85-4.03) 2.38 (2.32-2.45)Oligodendroglioma 0.35 (0.33-0.38) 0.30 (0.27-0.32)Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.19 (0.17-0.21) 0.15 (0.14-0.17)Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 0.29 (0.26-0.31) 0.24 (0.22-0.26)Ependymoma variants 0.09 (0.08-0.11) 0.06 (0.05-0.07)Mixed glioma 0.21 (0.19-0.23) 0.15 (0.14-0.17)Glioma malignant, NOS 0.44 (0.41-0.47) 0.39 (0.36-0.41)Choroid plexus 0.04 (0.03-0.05) 0.05 (0.04-0.06)Neuroepithelial 0.02 (0.02-0.03) 0.01 (0.01-0.02)Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 0.25 (0.23-0.27) 0.20 (0.18-0.22)neuronal and mixedPineal parenchymal 0.02 (0.02-0.03) 0.03 (0.02-0.04)Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 0.29 (0.27-0.31) 0.18 (0.16-0.20)TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 1.48 (1.43-1.54) 1.45 (1.40-1.50)Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 1.48 (1.43-1.54) 1.45 (1.40-1.50)TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 3.38 (3.30-3.47) 7.38 (7.27-7.49)Meningioma 3.17 (3.09-3.25) 7.19 (7.09-7.30)Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 0.06 (0.05-0.07) 0.06 (0.05-0.07)Hemangioblastoma 0.15 (0.14-0.17) 0.13 (0.11-0.14)LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 0.55 (0.52-0.58) 0.39 (0.37-0.42)Lymphoma 0.55 (0.52-0.58) 0.39 (0.37-0.42)GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 0.11 (0.10-0.12) 0.05 (0.04-0.06)Germ cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 0.11 (0.10-0.12) 0.05 (0.04-0.06)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 1.49 (1.43-1.54) 1.53 (1.48-1.58)Pituitary 1.37 (1.32-1.42) 1.42 (1.37-1.47)Craniopharyngioma 0.12 (0.11-0.14) 0.11 (0.10-0.13)LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.02 (0.01-0.02)Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.02 (0.01-0.02)U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 1.04 (0.99-1.09) 0.98 (0.94-1.02)Hemangioma 0.10 (0.09-0.11) 0.12 (0.10-0.13)Neoplasm, unspecified 0.92 (0.88-0.97) 0.86 (0.82-0.89)All other 0.02 (0.01-0.02) 0.01 (0.01-0.02)TOTALc 15.77 (15.60-15.95) 17.19 (17.02-17.36)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the countsand rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.


TABLES

40

TABLE 14: PRIMARY (MALIG$A$T A$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEMTUMOR I$CIDE$CE RATESa BY MAJOR HISTOLOGY GROUPI$GS, HISTOLOGY A$D RACE,AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARD POPULATIO$, CBTRUS 2000-2004b

WHITES BLACKS

ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 6.86 (6.78-6.95) 3.58 (3.41-3.76)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.36 (0.34-0.38) 0.22 (0.19-0.26)Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 0.10 (0.09-0.11) 0.03 (0.02-0.05)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.48 (0.46-0.50) 0.23 (0.19-0.27)Unique astrocytoma variants 0.09 (0.08-0.10) 0.06 (0.04-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.45 (0.43-0.47) 0.29 (0.25-0.35)Glioblastoma 3.30 (3.24-3.35) 1.65 (1.52-1.77)Oligodendroglioma 0.35 (0.33-0.37) 0.13 (0.10-0.17)Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.18 (0.17-0.19) 0.09 (0.06-0.12)Ependymoma/anaplastic ependymoma 0.28 (0.26-0.30) 0.13 (0.10-0.16)Ependymoma variants 0.08 (0.08-0.09) - -Mixed glioma 0.19 (0.18-0.21) 0.06 (0.04-0.09)Glioma malignant, NOS 0.42 (0.40-0.45) 0.31 (0.26-0.36)Choroid plexus 0.05 (0.04-0.05) 0.04 (0.02-0.05)Neuroepithelial 0.02 (0.02-0.02) - -Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 0.23 (0.22-0.25) 0.14 (0.11-0.17)neuronal and mixedPineal parenchymal 0.02 (0.02-0.03) 0.04 (0.02-0.06)Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 0.25 (0.24-0.27) 0.13 (0.10-0.16)TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 1.51 (1.47-1.55) 0.53 (0.47-0.60)Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 1.51 (1.47-1.55) 0.53 (0.47-0.60)TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 5.45 (5.38-5.53) 5.54 (5.32-5.78)Meningioma 5.25 (5.18-5.32) 5.40 (5.17-5.63)Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 0.06 (0.05-0.07) 0.05 (0.03-0.07)Hemangioblastoma 0.14 (0.13-0.15) 0.10 (0.08-0.13)LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 0.46 (0.43-0.48) 0.46 (0.40-0.52)Lymphoma 0.46 (0.43-0.48) 0.46 (0.40-0.52)GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.04 (0.03-0.06)Germ cell tumors, cysts and heterotopias 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.04 (0.03-0.06)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 1.39 (1.35-1.43) 1.81 (1.68-1.94)Pituitary 1.28 (1.24-1.32) 1.67 (1.55-1.80)Craniopharyngioma 0.11 (0.10-0.12) 0.13 (0.10-0.17)LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 0.02 (0.02-0.03) - -Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 0.02 (0.02-0.03) - -U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 0.98 (0.95-1.02) 0.98 (0.89-1.08)Hemangioma 0.11 (0.10-0.12) 0.06 (0.04-0.09)Neoplasm, unspecified 0.86 (0.83-0.89) 0.91 (0.82-1.01)All other 0.01 (0.01-0.02) - -TOTALc 16.76 (16.63-16.89) 12.96 (12.62-13.30)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the countsand rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.


41

TABLES

TABLE 15: PRIMARY (MALIG$A$T A$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUSSYSTEM TUMOR I$CIDE$CE RATESa BY MAJOR HISTOLOGY GROUPI$GS, HIS-TOLOGY, RACE, A$D HISPA$IC ETH$ICITY, AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S.STA$DARD POPULATIO$, CBTRUS 2000-2004b

HISPA$ICS WHITE

(OF A$Y RACE) HISPA$ICS

ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 4.87 (4.68-5.08) 4.93 (4.73-5.14)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.22 (0.19-0.26) 0.22 (0.19-0.25)Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 0.07 (0.05-0.10) 0.07 (0.05-0.10)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.32 (0.27-0.37) 0.33 (0.28-0.38)Unique astrocytoma variants 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.07 (0.05-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.35 (0.30-0.41) 0.36 (0.31-0.42)Glioblastoma 2.23 (2.09-2.39) 2.30 (2.15-2.46)Oligodendroglioma 0.26 (0.22-0.30) 0.25 (0.21-0.30)Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.13 (0.10-0.16) 0.12 (0.09-0.16)Ependymoma/anaplastic 0.21 (0.17-0.25) 0.21 (0.17-0.25)ependymomaEpendymoma variants 0.06 (0.04-0.08) 0.06 (0.04-0.08)Mixed glioma 0.12 (0.09-0.15) 0.11 (0.09-0.15)Glioma malignant, NOS 0.36 (0.31-0.41) 0.35 (0.30-0.40)Choroid plexus 0.04 (0.03-0.06) 0.04 (0.03-0.06)Neuroepithelial - - - -Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 0.17 (0.14-0.20) 0.16 (0.13-0.20)neuronal and mixedPineal parenchymal 0.02 (0.01-0.04) 0.02 (0.01-0.04)Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 0.23 (0.20-0.27) 0.24 (0.21-0.28)TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 1.05 (0.96-1.14) 0.99 (0.90-1.09)Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 1.05 (0.96-1.14) 0.99 (0.90-1.09)TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 5.94 (5.69-6.19) 5.81 (5.56-6.06)Meningioma 5.76 (5.52-6.00) 5.63 (5.38-5.88)Other mesenchymal, non-malignant and malignant 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.07 (0.05-0.10)Hemangioblastoma 0.11 (0.08-0.14) 0.11 (0.08-0.14)LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 0.54 (0.48-0.62) 0.53 (0.46-0.61)Lymphoma 0.54 (0.48-0.62) 0.53 (0.46-0.61)GERM CELL TUMORS 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.09 (0.07-0.11)Germ cell tumors, cysts, and heterotopias 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.09 (0.07-0.11)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 1.58 (1.47-1.69) 1.51 (1.40-1.62)Pituitary 1.47 (1.37-1.58) 1.41 (1.30-1.52)Craniopharyngioma 0.10 (0.08-0.13) 0.10 (0.07-0.13)LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.03 (0.02-0.05)Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.03 (0.02-0.05)U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 1.27 (1.16-1.38) 1.26 (1.14-1.38)Hemangioma 0.12 (0.10-0.16) 0.12 (0.09-0.15)Neoplasm, unspecified 1.13 (1.03-1.25) 1.13 (1.02-1.25)All other - - - -TOTALd 15.36 (14.99-15.74) 15.15 (14.77-15.53)


TABLES

42

TABLE 15 (CO$TI$UED)$O$-HISPA$ICSc WHITE BLACK

(OF A$Y RACE) $O$-HISPA$ICS $O$-HISPA$ICS

ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF $EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 6.70 (6.62-6.78) 7.22 (7.13-7.32) 3.68 (3.51-3.87)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.38 (0.36-0.40) 0.41 (0.39-0.44) 0.24 (0.20-0.28)Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 0.10 (0.09-0.11) 0.11 (0.09-0.12) 0.03 (0.02-0.05)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.47 (0.44-0.49) 0.51 (0.49-0.54) 0.24 (0.19-0.29)Unique astrocytoma variants 0.09 (0.08-0.10) 0.09 (0.08-0.11) 0.07 (0.05-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.45 (0.43-0.47) 0.48 (0.45-0.50) 0.31 (0.26-0.37)Glioblastoma 3.18 (3.13-3.24) 3.42 (3.36-3.48) 1.68 (1.55-1.81)Oligodendroglioma 0.34 (0.32-0.36) 0.38 (0.35-0.40) 0.13 (0.10-0.17)Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.18 (0.16-0.19) 0.19 (0.18-0.21) 0.08 (0.06-0.12)Ependymoma/anaplastic 0.27 (0.25-0.29) 0.30 (0.28-0.32) 0.14 (0.11-0.17)ependymomaEpendymoma variants 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.09 (0.08-0.10) - -Mixed glioma 0.19 (0.18-0.21) 0.21 (0.20-0.23) 0.07 (0.04-0.09)Glioma malignant, NOS 0.42 (0.40-0.44) 0.44 (0.41-0.46) 0.31 (0.26-0.37)Choroid plexus 0.04 (0.04-0.05) 0.05 (0.04-0.05) 0.04 (0.02-0.06)Neuroepithelial 0.02 (0.01-0.02) 0.02 (0.02-0.03) - -Non-malignant and malignant neuronal/glial, 0.24 (0.22-0.25) 0.25 (0.24-0.27) 0.14 (0.11-0.18)neuronal and mixedPineal parenchymal 0.03 (0.02-0.03) 0.03 (0.02-0.03) 0.04 (0.02-0.06)Embryonal/primitive/medulloblastoma 0.24 (0.22-0.25) 0.26 (0.24-0.28) 0.14 (0.11-0.17)

TUMORS OF CRA$IAL A$D SPI$AL $ERVES 1.53 (1.49-1.57) 1.60 (1.56-1.65) 0.54 (0.48-0.62)Nerve sheath, non-malignant and malignant 1.53 (1.49-1.57) 1.60 (1.56-1.65) 0.54 (0.48-0.62)

TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 5.53 (5.46-5.61) 5.45 (5.37-5.52) 5.67 (5.43-5.91)Meningioma 5.33 (5.26-5.40) 5.24 (5.16-5.31) 5.52 (5.28-5.76)Other mesenchymal, non-malignant 0.06 (0.05-0.07) 0.06 (0.05-0.07) 0.05 (0.03-0.07)and malignantHemangioblastoma 0.14 (0.13-0.16) 0.15 (0.13-0.16) 0.10 (0.08-0.14)

LYMPHOMAS A$D HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS 0.45 (0.43-0.48) 0.44 (0.42-0.46) 0.47 (0.41-0.54)Lymphoma 0.45 (0.43-0.48) 0.44 (0.42-0.46) 0.47 (0.41-0.54)

GERM CELL TUMORS 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.04 (0.02-0.06)Germ cell tumors, cysts, and heterotopias 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.08 (0.07-0.09) 0.04 (0.02-0.06)

TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 1.48 (1.44-1.51) 1.38 (1.33-1.42) 1.85 (1.72-1.98)Pituitary 1.36 (1.32-1.39) 1.26 (1.22-1.30) 1.71 (1.58-1.84)Craniopharyngioma 0.12 (0.11-0.13) 0.11 (0.10-0.13) 0.14 (0.11-0.18)

LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS 0.02 (0.02-0.02) 0.02 (0.01-0.02) - -Chordoma/chondrosarcoma 0.02 (0.02-0.02) 0.02 (0.01-0.02) - -

U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 0.97 (0.94-1.01) 0.95 (0.91-0.98) 1.01 (0.91-1.11)Hemangioma 0.11 (0.10-0.12) 0.11 (0.10-0.13) 0.06 (0.04-0.09)Neoplasm, unspecified 0.85 (0.83-0.88) 0.82 (0.79-0.85) 0.94 (0.84-1.04)All other 0.01 (0.01-0.02) 0.01 (0.01-0.02) - -

TOTALd 16.76 (16.63-16.89) 17.13 (16.99-17.28) 13.28 (12.93-13.64)aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cHispanic is not mutually exclusive of race.dRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts andrates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.


TABLES

TABLE 16: SELECTED PRIMARY (MALIG A T A D O -MALIG A T) BRAI A D CE TRAL ERVOUS SYSTEMTUMORAGE-SPECIFIC I CIDE CE RATESa BYAGEAT DIAG OSIS, CBTRUS 2000-2004b

AGE AT DIAG OSIS AGE AT DIAG OSIS

0-14 0-19 20-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85+

ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 3.70 (3.58-3.82) 3.40 (3.30-3.50) 3.02 (2.91-3.13) 4.41 (4.25-4.56) 7.10 (6.89-7.31) 11.95 (11.62-12.29) 16.87 (16.39-17.37) 19.24 (18.61-19.88) 10.97 (10.19-11.78)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.94 (0.88-1.01) 0.87 (0.82-0.92) 0.25 (0.21-0.28) 0.13 (0.11-0.16) 0.09 (0.06-0.11) 0.05 (0.03-0.08) 0.05 (0.03-0.09) - - - -Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 0.05 (0.04-0.07) 0.05 (0.04-0.06) 0.08 (0.06-0.10) 0.09 (0.07-0.12) 0.11 (0.09-0.14) 0.13 (0.10-0.17) 0.15 (0.11-0.21) 0.17 (0.11-0.23) - -Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.07 (0.06-0.09) 0.33 (0.29-0.37) 0.48 (0.43-0.54) 0.60 (0.54-0.67) 0.89 (0.80-0.99) 1.07 (0.96-1.20) 1.00 (0.86-1.16) 0.30 (0.18-0.46)Unique astrocytoma variants 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.09 (0.08-0.11) 0.07 (0.06-0.09) 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.09 (0.07-0.12) 0.11 (0.08-0.14) 0.13 (0.09-0.18) 0.07 (0.04-0.12) - -Astrocytoma, NOS 0.23 (0.20-0.27) 0.23 (0.20-0.26) 0.32 (0.29-0.36) 0.44 (0.39-0.49) 0.42 (0.37-0.48) 0.52 (0.45-0.60) 0.89 (0.78-1.01) 1.19 (1.04-1.36) 0.77 (0.57-1.01)Glioblastoma 0.13 (0.11-0.16) 0.14 (0.12-0.16) 0.36 (0.32-0.40) 1.20 (1.12-1.29) 3.70 (3.55-3.85) 8.09 (7.82-8.37) 12.47 (12.06-12.89) 14.13 (13.60-14.68) 7.63 (6.98-8.31)Oligodendroglioma 0.06 (0.04-0.08) 0.07 (0.06-0.09) 0.38 (0.34-0.42) 0.59 (0.54-0.65) 0.49 (0.43-0.54) 0.42 (0.36-0.49) 0.27 (0.22-0.34) 0.22 (0.16-0.30) - -Anaplastic oligodendroglioma 0.02 (0.01-0.03) 0.02 (0.01-0.03) 0.12 (0.10-0.14) 0.22 (0.19-0.26) 0.30 (0.26-0.34) 0.32 (0.27-0.38) 0.34 (0.28-0.42) 0.27 (0.20-0.35) - -Ependymoma/anaplastic 0.27 (0.23-0.30) 0.23 (0.21-0.26) 0.18 (0.15-0.21) 0.25 (0.22-0.29) 0.38 (0.34-0.43) 0.37 (0.31-0.43) 0.30 (0.24-0.37) 0.26 (0.19-0.34) - -ependymoma

Ependymoma variants 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.04 (0.03-0.05) 0.09 (0.08-0.12) 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.11 (0.09-0.14) 0.11 (0.08-0.15) 0.08 (0.05-0.12) - - - -Mixed glioma 0.03 (0.02-0.04) 0.04 (0.03-0.05) 0.20 (0.17-0.23) 0.29 (0.25-0.33) 0.26 (0.22-0.30) 0.25 (0.20-0.30) 0.21 (0.16-0.27) 0.24 (0.18-0.32) - -Glioma malignant, NOS 0.59 (0.55-0.65) 0.49 (0.45-0.53) 0.19 (0.16-0.22) 0.21 (0.18-0.25) 0.27 (0.23-0.32) 0.36 (0.30-0.42) 0.65 (0.56-0.75) 1.34 (1.18-1.52) 1.71 (1.42-2.06)Embryonal/primitive/ 0.72 (0.67-0.77) 0.60 (0.56-0.64) 0.16 (0.14-0.19) 0.10 (0.08-0.12) 0.04 (0.03-0.06) 0.06 (0.04-0.09) - - - - - -medulloblastoma

TUMORS OF CRA IAL A D 0.16 (0.14-0.19) 0.19 (0.17-0.22) 0.72 (0.67-0.78) 1.51 (1.43-1.61) 2.68 (2.55-2.81) 3.36 (3.19-3.54) 3.44 (3.22-3.66) 2.57 (2.35-2.81) 1.14 (0.90-1.42)SPI AL ERVESNerve sheath, benign and 0.16 (0.14-0.19) 0.19 (0.17-0.22) 0.72 (0.67-0.78) 1.51 (1.43-1.61) 2.68 (2.55-2.81) 3.36 (3.19-3.54) 3.44 (3.22-3.66) 2.57 (2.34-2.81) 1.14 (0.90-1.42)malignantTUMORS OF ME I GES 0.12 (0.10-0.15) 0.17 (0.15-0.19) 1.07 (1.01-1.14) 3.55 (3.41-3.69) 7.18 (6.97-7.39) 11.26 (10.93-11.59) 18.02 (17.52-18.52) 24.65 (23.94-25.37) 29.69 (28.40-31.02)Meningioma 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.10 (0.09-0.12) 0.91 (0.85-0.97) 3.32 (3.19-3.46) 6.87 (6.66-7.08) 10.91 (10.60-11.24) 17.61 (17.12-18.11) 24.42 (23.72-25.13) 29.53 (28.25-30.85)Hemangioblastoma - - 0.02 (0.01-0.03) 0.12 (0.10-0.14) 0.17 (0.14-0.20) 0.22 (0.19-0.26) 0.26 (0.22-0.32) 0.30 (0.24-0.37) 0.16 (0.10-0.22) - -LYMPHOMAS A D HEMOPOIETIC - - 0.02 (0.01-0.03) 0.14 (0.12-0.17) 0.37 (0.33-0.42) 0.52 (0.47-0.58) 0.87 (0.79-0.97) 1.80 (1.65-1.97) 2.08 (1.88-2.29) 0.96 (0.74-1.22) EOPLASMSLymphoma - - 0.02 (0.01-0.03) 0.14 (0.12-0.17) 0.37 (0.33-0.42) 0.52 (0.47-0.58) 0.87 (0.79-0.97) 1.80 (1.65-1.97) 2.08 (1.88-2.29) 0.96 (0.74-1.22)GERM CELL TUMORS 0.17 (0.14-0.19) 0.18 (0.16-0.20) 0.10 (0.08-0.12) - - - - - - - - - - - -Germ cell 0.17 (0.14-0.19) 0.18 (0.16-0.20) 0.10 (0.08-0.12) - - - - - - - - - - - -TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO 0.21 (0.19-0.25) 0.34 (0.31-0.37) 1.26 (1.19-1.33) 1.65 (1.55-1.74) 2.02 (1.91-2.13) 2.50 (2.35-2.66) 3.34 (3.13-3.56) 2.88 (2.64-3.13) 1.94 (1.62-2.30)Pituitary 0.07 (0.05-0.09) 0.20 (0.18-0.23) 1.16 (1.10-1.23) 1.56 (1.47-1.65) 1.92 (1.81-2.03) 2.36 (2.22-2.52) 3.16 (2.96-3.38) 2.73 (2.50-2.97) 1.85 (1.54-2.20)Craniopharyngioma 0.15 (0.12-0.17) 0.13 (0.12-0.16) 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.09 (0.07-0.11) 0.10 (0.08-0.13) 0.13 (0.10-0.17) 0.17 (0.13-0.23) 0.15 (0.10-0.21) - -LOCAL EXTE SIO S FROM - - - - - - 0.03 (0.02-0.05) - - - - - - - - - -REGIO AL TUMORSU CLASSIFIED TUMORS 0.22 (0.20-0.26) 0.24 (0.21-0.27) 0.40 (0.36-0.44) 0.58 (0.52-0.63) 0.82 (0.75-0.89) 1.19 (1.09-1.30) 2.21 (2.04-2.40) 5.14 (4.82-5.47) 11.04 (10.26-11.86)

TOTALc 4.61 (4.47-4.74) 4.53 (4.42-4.65) 6.72 (6.56-6.89) 12.12 (11.86-12.38) 20.36 (20.01-20.72) 31.18 (30.64-31.72) 45.75 (44.95-46.55) 56.60 (55.53-57.69) 55.77 (54.01-57.58)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; �orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cRefers to all brain tumors including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts and rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; �OS, not otherwise specified.

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TABLES

TABLE 17: SELECTED CHILDHOOD PRIMARY (MALIG$A$T A$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$ A$D CE$-TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR I$CIDE$CE RATESa BY MAJOR HISTOLOGY GROUPI$GS,HISTOLOGY A$D GE$DER (AGES 0-19), AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARDPOPULATIO$, CBTRUS 2000-2004b

MALES FEMALES TOTAL

ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTEDHISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF 3.59 (3.45-3.74) 3.19 (3.05-3.33) 3.40 (3.30-3.50)$EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUEPilocytic astrocytoma 0.87 (0.80-0.94) 0.86 (0.79-0.94) 0.87 (0.82-0.92)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.08 (0.06-0.10) 0.06 (0.05-0.09) 0.07 (0.06-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.26 (0.22-0.30) 0.20 (0.16-0.23) 0.23 (0.20-0.26)Glioblastoma 0.16 (0.13-0.20) 0.11 (0.09-0.14) 0.14 (0.12-0.16)Ependymoma/anaplastic 0.26 (0.22-0.30) 0.21 (0.18-0.25) 0.23 (0.21-0.26)ependymomaGlioma malignant, NOS 0.46 (0.41-0.52) 0.52 (0.47-0.58) 0.49 (0.45-0.53)Non-malignant and malignant 0.33 (0.29-0.38) 0.33 (0.29-0.38) 0.33 (0.30-0.36)neuronal/glial, neuronal and mixedEmbryonal/primitive/ 0.74 (0.67-0.81) 0.45 (0.40-0.51) 0.60 (0.56-0.64)medulloblastoma

TUMORS OF CRA$IAL 0.20 (0.17-0.24) 0.18 (0.15-0.22) 0.19 (0.17-0.22)A$D SPI$AL $ERVES

TUMORS OF ME$I$GES 0.16 (0.13-0.20) 0.17 (0.14-0.21) 0.17 (0.15-0.19)LYMPHOMAS A$D - - - - 0.02 (0.01-0.03)HEMOPOIETIC $EOPLASMS

GERM CELL TUMORS A$D CYSTS 0.24 (0.20-0.28) 0.11 (0.09-0.14) 0.18 (0.16-0.20)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO$ 0.24 (0.20-0.28) 0.44 (0.39-0.50) 0.34 (0.31-0.37)Pituitary 0.10 (0.08-0.13) 0.31 (0.26-0.35) 0.20 (0.18-0.23)Craniopharyngioma 0.13 (0.11-0.17) 0.13 (0.11-0.17) 0.13 (0.12-0.16)LOCAL EXTE$SIO$S - - - - - -FROM REGIO$AL TUMORS

U$CLASSIFIED TUMORS 0.25 (0.22-0.29) 0.22 (0.19-0.26) 0.24 (0.21-0.27)TOTALc 4.72 (4.55-4.89) 4.33 (4.17-4.50) 4.53 (4.42-4.65)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.c Refers to all childhood brain tumors, including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the countsand rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.

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TABLE 18: CHILDHOOD PRIMARY (MALIG$A$T A$D $O$-MALIG$A$T) BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL

$ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR I$CIDE$CE RATESa BY MAJOR HISTOLOGY GROUPI$GS

A$D RACE (AGES 0-19), AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARD POPULATIO$,CBTRUS 2000-2004b

WHITES BLACKSADJUSTED ADJUSTED

HISTOLOGY GROUPI$G RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.Tumors of Neuroepithelial Tissue 3.56 (3.45-3.68) 2.37 (2.16-2.60)Tumors of Cranial and Spinal Nerves 0.20 (0.18-0.23) - -Tumors of the Meninges 0.18 (0.15-0.20) - -Lymphomas and Hemopoietic Neoplasms 0.02 (0.01-0.03) - -Germ Cell Tumors and Cysts 0.18 (0.15-0.21) - -Tumors of the Sellar Region 0.34 (0.30-0.37) 0.25 (0.18-0.33)Local Extensions from Regional Tumors - - - -Unclassified Tumors 0.24 (0.22-0.28) 0.14 (0.09-0.21)TOTAL 4.73 (4.59-4.86) 3.02 (2.78-3.28)MALE 4.93 (4.75-5.13) 3.18 (2.84-3.56)FEMALE 4.51 (4.32-4.69) 2.85 (2.52-3.21)

aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; $orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in thecounts and rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; $OS, not otherwise specified.

TABLES


TABLE 19: SELECTED CHILDHOOD PRIMARY (MALIG A T A D O -MALIG A T) BRAI A D CE TRAL ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORAGE-SPECIFIC I CIDE CE RATESa (AGES 0-19), BYAGE AT DIAG OSIS,CBTRUS 2000-2004b

AGE AT DIAG OSIS AGE AT DIAG OSIS

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 0-19 0-14ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED ADJUSTED

HISTOLOGY RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I. RATE 95% C.I.TUMORS OF EUROEPITHELIAL TISSUE 4.43 (4.20-4.66) 3.71 (3.50-3.93) 2.99 (2.81-3.18) 2.50 (2.33-2.68) 3.40 (3.30-3.50) 3.70 (3.58-3.82)Pilocytic astrocytoma 0.99 (0.89-1.11) 1.01 (0.91-1.13) 0.83 (0.74-0.94) 0.63 (0.55-0.72) 0.87 (0.82-0.92) 0.94 (0.88-1.01)Anaplastic astrocytoma 0.06 (0.03-0.09) 0.08 (0.06-0.12) 0.07 (0.04-0.10) 0.07 (0.05-0.11) 0.07 (0.06-0.09) 0.07 (0.05-0.09)Astrocytoma, NOS 0.26 (0.21-0.33) 0.24 (0.19-0.30) 0.20 (0.15-0.25) 0.22 (0.17-0.27) 0.23 (0.20-0.26) 0.23 (0.20-0.27)Glioblastoma 0.10 (0.07-0.14) 0.15 (0.11-0.20) 0.14 (0.10-0.19) 0.16 (0.12-0.21) 0.14 (0.12-0.16) 0.13 (0.11-0.16)Ependymoma/anaplastic 0.44 (0.37-0.52) 0.20 (0.15-0.26) 0.16 (0.12-0.21) 0.15 (0.11-0.19) 0.23 (0.21-0.26) 0.27 (0.23-0.30)ependymoma

Glioma malignant, NOS 0.67 (0.59-0.77) 0.68 (0.59-0.77) 0.44 (0.37-0.52) 0.19 (0.14-0.24) 0.49 (0.45-0.53) 0.59 (0.55-0.65)Benign and malignant 0.42 (0.35-0.49) 0.26 (0.20-0.32) 0.30 (0.25-0.37) 0.36 (0.29-0.43) 0.33 (0.30-0.36) 0.32 (0.29-0.36)neuronal/glial, neuronaland mixed

Embryonal/primitive/ 1.06 (0.95-1.17) 0.73 (0.64-0.83) 0.39 (0.32-0.46) 0.24 (0.19-0.30) 0.60 (0.56-0.64) 0.72 (0.67-0.77)medulloblastoma

TUMORS OF CRA IAL A D SPI AL ERVES 0.17 (0.13-0.22) 0.14 (0.11-0.19) 0.17 (0.13-0.22) 0.28 (0.23-0.35) 0.19 (0.17-0.22) 0.16 (0.14-0.19)TUMORS OF ME I GES 0.13 (0.10-0.18) 0.10 (0.07-0.15) 0.13 (0.09-0.17) 0.30 (0.24-0.37) 0.17 (0.15-0.19) 0.12 (0.10-0.15)LYMPHOMAS A D HEMOPOIETIC EOPLASMS - - - - - - - - 0.02 (0.01-0.03) - -GERM CELL TUMORS 0.10 (0.07-0.14) 0.13 (0.09-0.17) 0.27 (0.22-0.33) 0.21 (0.17-0.27) 0.18 (0.16-0.20) 0.17 (0.14-0.19)TUMORS OF SELLAR REGIO 0.12 (0.08-0.16) 0.24 (0.19-0.30) 0.28 (0.22-0.34) 0.70 (0.61-0.80) 0.34 (0.31-0.37) 0.21 (0.19-0.25)Pituitary - - 0.05 (0.03-0.08) 0.13 (0.10-0.18) 0.60 (0.52-0.69) 0.20 (0.18-0.23) 0.07 (0.05-0.09)Craniopharyngioma 0.09 (0.06-0.13) 0.19 (0.15-0.25) 0.14 (0.11-0.19) 0.10 (0.07-0.14) 0.13 (0.12-0.16) 0.15 (0.12-0.17)LOCAL EXTE SIO S FROM REGIO AL TUMORS - - - - - - - - - - - -U CLASSIFIED TUMORS 0.26 (0.20-0.32) 0.19 (0.14-0.24) 0.23 (0.18-0.29) 0.28 (0.23-0.35) 0.24 (0.21-0.27) 0.22 (0.20-0.26)

TOTALc 5.23 (4.98-5.48) 4.53 (4.30-4.77) 4.09 (3.88-4.32) 4.31 (4.09-4.54) 4.53 (4.42-4.65) 4.61 (4.47-4.74)aRates are per 100,000 person-years.bIncludes data from 16 of the 19 registries listed in Table 5; �orth Dakota, South Dakota, and West Virginia are excluded.cRefers to all childhood brain tumors, including histologies not presented in this table.- Rates are not presented when fewer than 16 cases were reported for the specific histology category. The suppressed cases are included in the counts and rates for Totals.Abbreviations: CBTRUS, Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; CI, confidence interval; �OS, not otherwise specified.

TABLES

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TABLES

TABLE 20: PRIMARY MALIG$A$T BRAI$ A$D OTHER $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMOR I$CIDE$CEA$D MORTALITY RATESa BY STATE, AGE-ADJUSTED TO THE 2000 U.S. STA$DARDPOPULATIO$, CI$A, 2000-2004b

I$CIDE$CE MORTALITY

MALES FEMALES MALES FEMALESSTATE YEARS $ RATE $ RATE YEARS $ RATE $ RATEAlabama 2000-04 798 7.6 693 5.6 2000-04 582 5.7 476 3.6Alaska 2000-04 102 7.2 61 4.9 2000-04 57 4.8 41 3.5Arizona 2000-04 936 7.2 759 5.4 2000-04 613 4.8 489 3.4Arkansas 2000-04 471 7.2 374 5.0 2000-04 396 6.1 354 4.4California 2000-04 5,702 7.4 4,493 5.2 2000-04 3,877 5.3 3,074 3.6Colorado 2000-04 780 7.8 623 5.8 2000-04 492 5.2 403 3.8Connecticut 2000-04 724 8.7 586 6.0 2000-04 414 5.0 356 3.4Delaware 2000-04 146 7.5 119 5.5 2000-04 109 5.7 83 3.7District of Columbia 2000-04 78 6.1 74 5.1 2000-04 48 4.1 43 2.8Florida 2000-04 3,516 8.0 2,843 5.7 2000-04 2,427 5.3 1,898 3.5Georgia 2000-04 1,313 7.2 1,142 5.4 2000-04 824 4.8 657 3.2Hawaii 2000-04 156 5.1 130 3.9 2000-04 113 3.7 78 2.2Idaho 2000-04 288 9.1 202 6.0 2000-04 204 6.6 137 4.2Illinois 2000-04 2,081 7.3 1,826 5.5 2000-04 1,351 4.9 1,183 3.5Indiana 2000-04 1,120 7.8 942 5.7 2000-04 774 5.6 675 4.0Iowa 2000-04 614 8.5 514 6.3 2000-04 439 6.0 375 4.3Kansas - - - - 2000-04 394 6.3 325 4.3Kentucky 2000-04 739 7.6 641 5.8 2000-04 523 5.6 441 3.9Louisiana 2000-04 731 7.5 555 4.7 2000-04 527 5.6 422 3.5Maine 2000-04 303 9.2 254 6.8 2000-04 201 6.0 163 4.1Maryland - - - - 2000-04 643 5.3 463 3.2Massachusetts 2000-04 1,301 8.6 1,105 6.2 2000-04 784 5.2 647 3.4Michigan 2000-04 1,960 8.4 1,543 5.7 2000-04 1,357 5.9 1,056 3.8Minnesota - - - - 2000-04 701 6.1 511 3.9Mississippi 2002-04 254 6.4 245 5.3 2000-04 404 6.5 332 4.2Missouri 2000-04 1,072 7.9 915 5.8 2000-04 747 5.6 625 3.8Montana 2000-04 208 9.0 142 5.5 2000-04 132 5.6 109 4.3Nebraska 2000-04 348 8.4 249 5.2 2000-04 237 5.8 217 4.3Nevada 2000-04 392 7.6 282 5.3 2000-04 248 4.9 179 3.4New Hampshire 2000-04 257 8.4 203 6.1 2000-04 190 6.3 126 3.6New Jersey 2000-04 1,672 8.3 1,423 6.0 2000-04 922 4.7 735 2.9New Mexico 2000-04 283 6.5 216 4.5 2000-04 201 4.7 140 2.9New York 2000-04 3,613 8.2 3,253 6.1 2000-04 1,965 4.5 1,673 3.0North Carolina - - - - 2000-04 1,023 5.6 844 3.7North Dakota 2000-04 114 7.4 87 5.0 2000-04 86 5.5 71 3.8Ohio 2000-04 2,083 7.7 1,800 5.7 2000-04 1,478 5.5 1,207 3.6Oklahoma 2000-04 692 8.3 568 6.0 2000-04 508 6.2 384 3.9Oregon 2000-04 748 8.7 576 6.1 2000-04 548 6.4 424 4.3Pennsylvania 2000-04 2,460 8.0 2,179 6.0 2000-04 1,584 5.1 1,371 3.5Rhode Island 2000-04 229 9.0 183 6.0 2000-04 165 6.5 121 3.7South Carolina 2000-04 672 7.1 598 5.4 2000-04 491 5.4 455 4.0South Dakota 2001-04 152 10.2 77 4.5 2000-04 141 7.6 90 4.1Tennessee 2000-04 991 7.2 880 5.6 2000-04 858 6.5 775 4.7Texas 2000-04 3,704 8.0 3,036 5.8 2000-04 2,448 5.7 1,867 3.6Utah 2000-04 379 8.0 312 6.0 2000-04 245 5.7 161 3.4Vermont - - - - 2000-04 88 5.7 52 3.0Virginia 2000-04 1,159 7.0 871 4.6 2000-04 819 5.1 593 3.1Washington 2000-04 1,238 8.8 978 6.4 2000-04 905 6.7 748 4.8West Virginia 2000-04 393 8.3 327 6.1 2000-04 261 5.5 199 3.4Wisconsin 2000-04 1,069 8.3 860 5.9 2000-04 737 5.7 576 3.8Wyoming 2000-04 111 9.1 63 4.9 2000-04 66 5.5 53 4.0

United States 2000-04 43,120c 7.9c 35,736c 5.7c 2000-04 35,347 5.4 28,477 3.6aRates are per 100,000 population.bSource: Cancer Incidence in $orth America, 2000-2004. Volumes One, Two, and Three. $orth American Association of Central CancerRegistries, Inc., April 2007.cIncludes data from 44 central registries (38 states, 5 metropolitan areas, and the District of Columbia) covering approximately 82% of the total United States population.- $ot available

47


TABLES

TABLE 21: PRIMARY BRAI$ A$D OTHER $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS, ESTIMATED $UMBER OFCASESa,b BY STATE, 2007; PRIMARY MALIG$A$T BRAI$ A$D OTHER $ERVOUS SYS-TEM TUMORS, ESTIMATED $UMBER OF CASESa,b A$D DEATHSb,c BY STATE, 2007

All Brain Tumors Malignant Brain TumorsSTATE YEAR ESTIMATED CASES ESTIMATED CASES ESTIMATED DEATHSAlabama 2007 810 360 210Alaska 2007 100 40 -Arizona 2007 1,060 470 250Arkansas 2007 500 220 140California 2007 5,920 2,630 1,460Colorado 2007 750 330 190Connecticut 2007 640 280 150Delaware 2007 150 70 -District of Columbia 2007 90 40 -Florida 2007 3,570 1,560 790Georgia 2007 1,430 640 280Hawaii 2007 230 100 -Idaho 2007 240 110 80Illinois 2007 2,130 940 490Indiana 2007 1,070 470 280Iowa 2007 540 240 160Kansas 2007 480 210 140Kentucky 2007 730 320 150Louisiana 2007 760 340 200Maine 2007 250 110 80Maryland 2007 960 420 230Massachusetts 2007 1,160 510 270Michigan 2007 1,760 780 450Minnesota 2007 890 390 240Mississippi 2007 490 220 160Missouri 2007 1,020 450 270Montana 2007 170 80 50Nebraska 2007 300 130 90Nevada 2007 420 190 100New Hampshire 2007 240 100 70New Jersey 2007 1,560 690 320New Mexico 2007 340 150 80New York 2007 3,370 1,480 720North Carolina 2007 1,510 670 360North Dakota 2007 120 50 -Ohio 2007 2,030 890 540Oklahoma 2007 620 270 170Oregon 2007 640 280 200Pennsylvania 2007 2,330 1,020 560Rhode Island 2007 200 90 50South Carolina 2007 750 330 190South Dakota 2007 140 60 50Tennessee 2007 1,050 460 350Texas 2007 3,630 1,630 840Utah 2007 350 160 90Vermont 2007 120 50 -Virginia 2007 1,300 580 280Washington 2007 1,070 470 370West Virginia 2007 350 150 90Wisconsin 2007 980 430 260Wyoming 2007 90 40 -United States 2007 51,410 22,710 12,740

aSource: CBTRUS, 2000-2004 data.bRounded to the nearest 10.cSource: Cancer Facts & Figures 2007. American Cancer Society, 2007.- Estimate is less than 50 deaths. 48


TABLES

TABLE 22: FIVE-YEAR RELATIVE SURVIVAL RATESa FOR MALIG$A$T BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUSSYSTEM TUMORS BY SITEb A$D GE$DER, SEER 1973-2004

ICDO CODE SITEb,c MALES FEMALES TOTAL$ 5-YR $ 5-YR $ 5-YR

C71.1-C71.4 Frontal, temporal, parietal, and 12,817 22.7 9,503 25.0 22,320 23.7occipital lobes of the brain

C71.0 Cerebrum 1,415 20.3 1,119 23.6 2,534 21.7C71.5 Ventricle 488 51.1 337 53.6 825 52.1C71.6 Cerebellum 1,538 64.0 1,137 69.0 2,675 66.1C71.7 Brain stem 983 41.6 851 39.7 1,834 40.7C71.8-C71.9 Other brain 6,452 18.0 4,969 21.5 11,421 19.5C72.0-C72.1 Spinal cord and cauda equina 760 73.6 583 71.5 1,343 72.7C72.2-C72.5 Cranial nerves 193 85.3 181 82.8 374 84.1C72.8-C72.9 Other nervous system 289 27.6 173 41.3 462 32.8C70.0-C70.9 Meninges (cerebral and spinal) 330 51.6 376 67.3 706 60.0C75.1-C75.2 Pituitary 75 79.4 93 82.9 168 81.5C75.3 Pineal 294 66.8 74 59.3 368 65.3C30.0 (9522:9523) Olfactory tumors of the 88 69.1 80 78.4 168 73.8

nasal cavityaThe cohort analysis of survival rates was utilized for calculating the survival estimates presented in this table. Long-term cohort-based survival esti-mates reflect the survival experience of individuals diagnosed over the time period, and they may not necessarily reflect the long-term survival outlook ofnewly diagnosed cases.bThe sites referred to in this table are loosely based on the categories and site codes defined in the SEER Site/Histology Validation List.cIn contrast to survival estimates reported in previous editions of the CBTRUS statistical report, brain lymphomas are included.Abbreviation: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.

TABLE 23: O$E-, TWO-, THREE-, FOUR-, FIVE-, A$D TE$-YEAR RELATIVE SURVIVAL RATESa,b FOR SELECTEDMALIG$A$T BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORSc, SEER 1973-2004

HISTOLOGY $O. OF CASES 1-YR 2-YR 3-YR 4-YR 5-YR 10-YRPilocytic astrocytoma 1,388 96.1 94.8 94.1 92.6 92.0 90.3Protoplasmic & fibrillary astrocytoma 763 73.5 61.2 54.5 50.3 46.9 37.7Anaplastic astrocytoma 2,458 60.3 43.8 37.1 32.5 29.4 22.4Astrocytoma, NOS 7,512 60.1 47.6 43.0 40.0 37.5 31.4Glioblastoma 17,269 29.6 9.0 5.2 3.9 3.4 2.4Oligodendroglioma 2,071 90.5 84.5 79.9 75.5 71.9 56.1Anaplastic 455 77.4 62.3 57.8 50.4 45.2 33.8oligodendrogliomaEpendymoma/anaplastic 1,363 88.5 82.7 77.0 74.4 72.5 65.0ependymomaMixed glioma 904 85.6 74.0 67.4 61.4 57.9 44.8Glioma malignant, NOS 2,920 50.9 38.7 35.7 33.6 32.1 28.7Neuroepithelial 253 59.3 48.3 43.4 40.8 39.5 32.6Malignant neuronal/glial, 340 83.7 72.7 68.5 63.9 62.5 55.6neuronal and mixedEmbryonal/primitive/ 1,587 80.4 71.1 65.0 60.1 56.5 48.0medulloblastomaLymphoma 2,719 38.0 28.1 23.1 20.1 17.7 11.4TOTAL: ALL BRAI$ A$D C$Sc,d 45,198 52.1 38.0 33.9 31.6 30.0 26.1

aThe cohort analysis of survival rates was utilized for calculating the survival estimates presented in this table. Long-term cohort-based survival estimates reflect thesurvival experience of individuals diagnosed over the time period, and they may not necessarily reflect the long-term survival outlook of newly diagnosed cases.bRates are an estimate of the percentage of patients alive at one, two, three, four, five, and ten years, respectively.cIn contrast to survival estimates reported in previous editions of the CBTRUS statistical report, brain lymphomas, olfactory tumors of the nasal cavity, and malignanttumors of the pituitary and pineal glands are included.dIncludes histologies not listed in this table.Abbreviations: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; $OS, not otherwise specified.

49


TABLES

TABLE 24: O$E-, TWO-, THREE-, FOUR-, FIVE, A$D TE$-YEAR RELATIVE SURVIVAL RATESa,b

FOR SELECTED MALIG$A$T BRAI$ A$D CE$TRAL $ERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORSc BYAGE GROUPS, SEER 1973-2004

HISTOLOGY AGE GROUP # CASES 1-YR 2-YR 3-YR 4-YR 5-YR 10-YRPilocytic astrocytoma 0-14 814 97.9 97.2 97.0 95.5 94.9 93.5

0-19 977 97.5 97.0 96.6 95.3 94.7 93.620-44 308 94.7 92.6 91.2 90.0 89.2 85.645-54 54 92.8 89.2 85.2 80.4 77.9 64.355-64 24 92.1 83.2 83.2 d d d65-74 18 d d d d d d75+ 7 d d d d d dTOTAL 1,388

Protoplasmic & fibrillary 0-14 114 92.0 83.8 81.0 81.0 80.1 79.1astrocytoma 0-19 142 92.2 84.9 81.9 81.9 81.2 80.5

20-44 310 89.4 81.2 72.6 63.5 57.3 38.245-54 101 72.2 49.9 40.7 38.7 36.5 19.755-64 93 45.7 21.7 15.9 13.6 10.1 d65-74 85 29.2 16.9 d d d d75+ 32 25.9 d d d d dTOTAL 763

Anaplastic astrocytoma 0-14 139 71.2 57.2 52.7 49.4 49.4 45.80-19 185 75.0 58.8 54.8 51.1 51.1 45.820-44 942 85.2 71.1 62.0 54.3 48.0 33.145-54 404 64.1 43.5 32.4 26.7 25.2 17.355-64 362 44.0 19.4 13.2 9.8 5.2 d65-74 369 24.2 7.7 5.1 4.3 d d75+ 196 12.8 d d d d dTOTAL 2,458

Astrocytoma, NOS 0-14 914 87.3 82.2 80.0 78.3 77.8 74.30-19 1,195 87.7 81.8 79.2 77.7 76.7 73.120-44 2,239 87.2 76.1 68.7 61.9 55.3 39.045-54 1,008 63.3 42.2 34.4 30.4 28.0 18.655-64 1,217 40.2 20.2 15.2 12.9 11.3 6.865-74 1,222 22.6 9.6 6.6 6.0 5.3 2.775+ 631 12.5 5.7 4.2 3.9 3.7 dTOTAL 7,512

Glioblastoma 0-14 195 47.8 24.6 20.1 19.0 17.8 14.60-19 294 51.7 28.5 22.2 20.2 19.5 15.820-44 2,031 60.4 30.4 21.1 16.5 13.8 8.945-54 2,892 43.0 12.3 6.1 4.0 3.6 1.755-64 4,458 31.7 6.4 2.7 1.7 1.4 0.565-74 4,652 16.9 2.7 1.0 0.6 0.4 d75+ 2,942 8.2 1.3 0.6 d d dTOTAL 17,269

Oligodendroglioma 0-14 127 94.5 92.0 91.2 90.2 89.3 83.10-19 207 94.2 90.2 88.6 88.0 86.8 82.220-44 1,061 96.3 92.9 89.1 85.4 81.8 64.245-54 375 91.4 83.9 77.3 71.9 66.7 43.255-64 247 82.8 69.2 60.9 50.8 47.6 30.865-74 131 62.4 52.1 48.9 41.2 36.0 13.875+ 50 48.7 33.6 21.3 d d dTOTAL 2,071

50


TABLES

TABLE 24 (CO$TI$UED)HISTOLOGY AGE GROUP # CASES 1-YR 2-YR 3-YR 4-YR 5-YR 10-YRAnaplastic 0-14 8 d d d d d doligodendroglioma 0-19 13 d d d d d d

20-44 189 92.7 79.5 76.1 68.6 63.5 47.145-54 99 85.7 67.5 63.9 53.4 49.6 40.055-64 73 64.1 52.7 41.7 32.0 22.9 d65-74 54 43.0 28.9 27.2 22.8 d d75+ 27 33.5 d d d d dTOTAL 455

Ependymoma/ 0-14 411 86.1 73.0 63.6 57.5 53.4 47.1anaplastic ependymoma 0-19 462 87.2 75.3 66.0 60.6 56.9 49.3

20-44 469 92.3 90.6 87.4 86.3 86.2 80.445-54 188 92.1 88.4 83.5 82.6 79.7 72.755-64 142 82.4 78.5 75.1 73.0 69.3 57.465-74 79 80.4 76.3 72.3 70.6 70.6 47.175+ 23 67.7 67.5 55.2 d d dTOTAL 1,363

Mixed glioma 0-14 82 89.0 81.4 77.6 73.5 72.1 64.90-19 116 87.9 81.7 79.0 75.1 74.2 68.120-44 453 93.8 85.7 80.4 73.7 69.2 50.645-54 150 82.7 68.5 57.2 50.2 45.7 34.155-64 100 77.3 48.7 37.5 31.6 28.7 14.065-74 65 56.8 41.0 31.3 22.0 d d75+ 20 d d d d d dTOTAL 904

Glioma malignant, NOS 0-14 698 69.6 51.1 48.0 47.2 46.0 43.30-19 784 70.9 53.8 50.6 49.7 48.5 44.920-44 528 82.1 70.3 65.1 59.1 54.1 39.645-54 280 57.0 41.0 33.5 32.0 30.3 22.755-64 359 43.1 27.2 22.4 20.1 17.9 12.665-74 454 24.0 12.4 11.4 8.3 7.5 5.575+ 515 10.8 7.2 6.0 4.7 3.6 dTOTAL 2,920

Neuroepithelial 0-14 47 85.2 74.6 68.2 64.0 59.6 57.40-19 63 87.4 77.9 73.0 69.8 66.5 63.220-44 74 76.6 65.0 59.2 54.6 53.1 33.845-54 35 51.8 31.9 23.2 d d d55-64 32 34.9 19.3 d d d d65-74 33 18.8 d d d d d75+ 16 d d d d d dTOTAL 253

Malignant neuronal/glial 0-14 110 75.5 64.3 58.6 55.6 55.6 53.4neuronal and mixed 0-19 128 75.7 66.1 59.3 55.8 54.0 52.1

20-44 72 93.1 80.0 77.0 70.7 69.2 62.145-54 56 87.7 85.8 84.3 78.2 73.3 55.055-64 50 88.6 68.7 66.8 59.0 59.0 49.065-74 18 d d d d d d75+ 16 d d d d d dTOTAL 340

51


TABLES

TABLE 24 (CO$TI$UED)HISTOLOGY AGE GROUP # CASES 1-YR 2-YR 3-YR 4-YR 5-YR 10-YR

Embryonal/primitive/ 0-14 1,045 78.5 68.8 63.5 58.5 55.8 49.1medulloblastoma 0-19 1,157 79.8 70.2 64.9 59.9 56.8 49.8

20-44 357 85.4 76.1 67.5 62.4 57.8 45.345-54 41 80.8 73.7 71.2 68.9 58.4 43.355-64 21 49.7 d d d d d65-74 6 d d d d d d75+ 5 d d d d d dTOTAL 1,587

Lymphoma 0-14 20 d d d d d d0-19 37 67.6 59.2 56.2 49.8 49.6 d20-44 977 24.3 18.0 15.8 14.5 13.2 10.745-54 407 44.9 36.4 31.6 28.7 26.4 16.155-64 428 54.5 42.9 33.5 28.8 23.7 13.265-74 516 46.4 31.2 23.7 18.0 15.0 7.075+ 354 33.6 21.0 15.8 13.3 11.4 dTOTAL 2,719

TOTAL:ALL BRAI$ 0-14 5,155 81.8 72.6 68.8 66.0 64.6 60.5A$D C$SC,E 0-19 6,382 83.0 74.0 70.2 67.6 66.0 61.7

20-44 10,597 77.4 64.7 58.4 53.3 49.2 37.545-54 6,429 57.3 35.4 28.9 25.7 24.0 16.855-64 8,017 40.9 19.4 14.7 12.7 11.1 7.465-74 8,225 24.9 11.4 8.9 7.5 6.7 4.175+ 5,548 15.0 7.6 6.0 5.2 4.7 3.4TOTAL 45,198

aThe cohort analysis of survival rates was utilized for calculating the survival estimates presented in this table. Long-term cohort-based survivalestimates reflect the survival experience of individuals diagnosed over the time period, and they may not necessarily reflect the long-term sur-vival outlook of newly diagnosed cases.bRates are an estimate of the percentage of patients alive at one, two, three, four, five, and ten years, respectively.cIn contrast to survival estimates reported in previous editions of the CBTRUS statistical report, brain lymphomas, olfactory tumors of the nasalcavity, and malignant tumors of the pituitary and pineal glands are included.dToo few cases to estimate.eIncludes histologies not listed in this table.Abbreviations: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; $OS, not otherwise specified.

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PROCEDURE FOR REQUESTI$GADDITIO$AL DATA

53

CBTRUS serves as a resource for gathering and disseminating currentepidemiological data on all primary brain tumors. CBTRUS data areavailable to assist in research projects that intend to describe incidenceand survival patterns of brain tumor cases, to evaluate diagnosis and treat-ment, and to conduct etiologic studies.

The CBTRUS incidence database consists of epidemiologic data onall brain tumors, malignant and non-malignant, consolidated from six-teen population-based cancer registries. These data include cases newlydiagnosed between 2000 and 2004 with ICDO codes C70.0–C70.9,C71.0–C71.9, C72.0–C72.9, C75.1– C75.3, and C30.0 (9522-9523). Inaddition, CBTRUS will assist in accessing mortality, survival and treat-ment information using other databases.

This Report (2000-2004 data), including tables of descriptive brain tumorstatistics, is available on the world-wide web at http://www.cbtrus.org.

To obtain more information regarding CBTRUS and related databases,please contact the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Toobtain additional data, please complete the application form on the fol-lowing page.


CENTRAL BRAIN TUMOR REGISTRY OF THE UNITED STATES

APPLICATION FOR DATA ACCESS

1. TITLE OF PROJECT:

2. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR/PROGRAM DIRECTOR: (Attach Current Resume)

3. POSITION TITLE:

4. DEPARTMENT, SERVICE, LABORATORY OR EQUIVALENT:

5. TELEPHONE: FAX:

6. E-MAIL ADDRESS:

7. NAME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT ORGANIZATION:

8. TYPE OF ORGANIZATION (circle one):

PUBLIC PRIVATE NOT-FOR-PROFIT FOR PROFIT

9. SOURCE OF FUNDING (if different from #7 above):

10. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: State the applicant’s broad, long-term objectives and specific aims.Describe concisely the research design and methods for achieving these goals. (Attach additionalpages if necessary.)

11. DATES OF ENTIRE PROPOSED PROJECT:

FROM: TO:

12. PERFORMANCE SITES: (ORGANIZATIONS AND ADDRESSES)

13. FORMAT OF DATA: (Diskette; Computer printout; Other, Specify)

14. SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR:

NAME DEGREE(S) SSN

DATA REQUEST FORM

54


55


CBTRUS MA$USCRIPTS

56

PUBLISHED

Davis FG, Malinski N, HaenszelW, Chang J, Flannery J, Gershman S, Dibble R, Bigner DD. Primary brain tumor incidence ratesin four United States regions, 1985–1989: a pilot study. Neuroepidemiology. 15(2):103–112, 1996.

Davis FG, Bruner JM, Surawicz TS. The rationale for standardized registration and reporting of brain and central nervous sys-tem tumors in population–based cancer registries. Neuroepidemiology. 16(6):308–316, 1997.

McCarthy BJ, Davis F, Freels S, Surawicz TS, Damek D, Grutsch J, Menck HR, Laws ER Jr. Factors associated with survival inpatients with meningioma. Neurosurgical Focus. 2(4):Article 1, April 1997.

Bunin GR, Surawicz TS, Witman PA, Preston–Martin S, Davis F, Bruner JM. The descriptive epidemiology of craniopharyn-gioma. Neurosurgical Focus. 3(6):Article 1, December 1997.

Davis FG, Freels S, Grutsch J, Barlas S, Brem S. Survival rates in patients with primary malignant brain tumors stratified bypatient age and tumor histological type: an analysis based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data,1973–1991. Journal of Neurosurgery. 88(1):1–10, 1998.

McCarthy BJ, Davis FG, Freels S, Surawicz TS, Damek DM, Grutsch J, Menck HR, Laws ER Jr. Factors associated with sur-vival in patients with meningioma. Journal of Neurosurgery. 88(5):831–839, 1998.

Bunin GR, Surawicz TS, Witman PA, Preston–Martin S, Davis F, Bruner JM. The descriptive epidemiology of craniopharyn-gioma. Journal of Neurosurgery. 89(4):547–551, 1998.

Surawicz TS, Davis F, Freels S, Laws ER Jr, Menck HR. Brain tumor survival: results from the National Cancer Data Base. Jour-nal of Neuro–Oncology. 40(2):151–160, 1998.

Gurney JG, Wall DA, Jukich PJ, Davis FG. The contribution of nonmalignant tumors to CNS tumor incidence rates among chil-dren in the United States. Cancer Causes and Control. 10(2):101–105, 1999.

Davis FG,McCarthy BJ, Freels S, KupelianV, BondyML. The conditional probability of survival of patients with primary malig-nant brain tumors: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data. Cancer. 85(2):485–491, 1999.

Surawicz TS, McCarthy BJ, Kupelian V, Jukich PJ, Bruner JM, Davis FG. Descriptive epidemiology of primary brain and CNStumors: results from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States, 1990–1994. Neuro–Oncology. 1(1):14–25, 1999.(Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 98–04, January 19, 1999. URL <neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Davis FG, McCarthy BJ, Berger MS. Centralized databases available for describing primary brain tumor incidence, survival, andtreatment: Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; and National Can-cer Data Base. Neuro–Oncology. 1(3):205–211, 1999. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 98–22, June 3, 1999.URL <neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Davis FG, McCarthy B, Jukich P. The descriptive epidemiology of brain tumors. Neuroimaging Clinics of North America.9(4):581–594, 1999.The accuracy and completeness of primary brain and central nervous system tumor data: results from theCentral Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Journal of Registry Management. 27(2):51–55, 2000.

Davis FG and McCarthy BJ. Epidemiology of brain tumors. Current Opinion in Neurology. 13:635–640, 2000.


CBTRUS MA$USCRIPTS

Surawicz TS, Kupelian VA, Davis FG. Changes in age–adjusted disease incidence using the year 2000 standard population: anexample using data from the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Journal of Registry Management.28(2):61–64, 2001.

Jukich PJ, McCarthy BJ, Surawicz TS, Freels S, Davis FG. Trends in incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States,1985–1994. Neuro–Oncology. 3(3):141–151, 2001. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 00–055, June 5, 2001. URL<neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Davis FG, Kupelian V, Freels S, McCarthy B, Surawicz T. Prevalence estimates for primary brain tumors in the United States bybehavior and major histology groups. Neuro–Oncology. 3(3):152–158, 2001. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc.00–056, June 5, 2001. URL <neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Davis FG and McCarthy BJ. Current epidemiological trends and surveillance issues in brain tumors. Expert Review of Anti-cancer Therapy. 1(3):395–401, 2001.

Gershman ST, Surawicz TA, McLaughlin R, Rousseau D. Completeness of reporting of brain and other central nervous systemneoplasms. Journal of Registry Management. 28(4):167–170, 2001.

McCarthy BJ, Surawicz T, Bruner JM, Kruchko C, Davis F. Consensus conference on brain tumor definition for registration.Neuro–Oncology. 4(2):134–145, 2002 (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 01–059, February 21, 2002. URL<neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Castillo MS, Davis FG, Surawicz T, Bruner JM, Bigner S, Coons S, Bigner DD. Consistency of primary brain tumor diagnosesand codes in cancer surveillance systems. Neuroepidemiology. 23(1–2):85–93, 2004.

McCarthy BJ, Kruchko C, and Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States. Consensus conference on cancer registrationof brain and central nervous system tumors. Neuro–Oncology. 7(2), 2005. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc.04–050, February 11, 2005. URL <neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu>)

Propp JM, McCarthy BJ, Davis FG, Preston–Martin S. Descriptive epidemiology of vestibular schwannomas. Neuro–Oncology. 8(1):1–11, 2006. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 04–109, Nov 29, 2005. URLhttp://neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu; DOI: 10.1215/S1522851704001097.)

Hoffman S, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ. Temporal trends in incidence of primary brain tumors in the United States, 1985–1999.Neuro–Oncology. 8(1):27–37, 2006. (Posted to Neuro–Oncology [serial online], Doc. 05–032, December 5, 2005. URLhttp://neuro–oncology.mc.duke.edu; DOI: 10.1215/S1522851705000323.)

Thuppal S, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ. Average years of potential life lost in those who have died from brain and CNS Tumors inthe United States. Neuroepidemiology, 27(1): 22–27, 2006. (DOI: 10.1159/000093896)

Hoffman S, Schellinger KA, Propp JM, McCarthy BJ, Campbell RT, Davis FG. Seasonal variation in incidence of pediatricmedulloblastoma in the United States, 1995–2001. Neuroepidemiology, 29:89–95, 2007. (DOI: 10.1159/000109502)

Barnholtz–Sloan JS, Kruchko C. Meningiomas: causes and risk factors. Neurosurgical Focus, 23(4):E2, 2007.

McCarthy BJ, Propp JM, Davis FG, Burger PC. Time trends in oligodendroglial and astrocytic tumor incidence. Neuroepidemi-ology. 30(1):34-44, 2008 (DOI: 10.1159/000115440)

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$OTES


THE CE$TRALBRAI$ TUMOR REGISTRYOFTHE US (CBTRUS)

• CBTRUS is a not-for-profit 501(c)3 corporation committed to collecting and disseminating highquality incidence and survival data on all primary brain tumors.

• CBTRUS analyzes the largest aggregation of databases on primary brain tumors from population-based registries in the United States participating in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and EndResults (SEER) program of the $ational Cancer Institute and the $ational Program of CancerRegistries (NPCR) of the Centers for Disease Control.

• CBTRUS serves as consultant on brain tumor data classification, coding and collection to nation-al and international organizations including the International Agency for Research on Cancer oftheWorld Health Organization and the $ational Coordinating Council for Cancer Surveillance inthe United States.

• CBTRUS analyzes and disseminates brain tumor information from the$ational Cancer Data Base(NCDB) of the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer with theirpermission.

• CBTRUS provides a resource for the neuroscience community that does not exist elsewhere and isrecognized by the Joint Section on Tumors of the Congress of $eurological Surgeons / AmericanAssociation of $eurological Surgeons.

• CBTRUS is guided by experts in the field of brain tumor research.

• CBTRUS presents data in histologic groupings with improved clinical relevance that were previ-ously unavailable.

• CBTRUS conducts specialized data analysis in response to specific questions.

• CBTRUS investigates patterns of brain tumor incidence including trends over time and patterns bygeographical area.

• CBTRUS can assist in planning studies of brain tumors by providing:- sources of collaboration to obtain cases for case control studies- sources of collaboration for rare tumor studies- estimates of expected cases

• CBTRUS provides an incidence standard against which other data can be compared, including- hospital case series- physician/physician group case series- cluster investigations

• CBTRUS encourages all cancer registries to collect data on all primary brain tumors.

• CBTRUS promotes awareness of the disease of brain tumors through presentation ofdescriptive statistics.

Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States • 244 E. Ogden Avenue, Suite 116 • Hinsdale, IL 60521Phone: 630-655-4786 • Fax: 630-655-1756 • e-mail: cbtrus@ aol.com • website: www.cbtrus.org


Additional copies of this report can be obtained by contactingthe Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States.

CENTRAL BRAIN TUMOR REGISTRYOF THE UNITED STATES

630/655-4786 244 E. OGDEN AVE., STE 116630/655-1756 FAX HINSDALE, ILLINOIS 60521EMAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: www.cbtrus.org


use oct9 from june8a 2007broch - copy - cbtrus.org · all three of these organizations are...

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