u.s. history (ch.24 pearl harbor)
TRANSCRIPT
AGENDA
• OBJECTIVE:
• STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO EXPLAIN THE REASON FOR UNITED STATES ENTERING THE WAR
•BY BY SUMMER, 1940SUMMER, 1940 WHO WAS THE WHO WAS THE
ONLY COUNTRY LEFT FIGHTING ONLY COUNTRY LEFT FIGHTING
GERMANY?GERMANY?
• IN 1941, HITLER WOULD BACKSTAB IN 1941, HITLER WOULD BACKSTAB
_______ (DICTATOR) AND INVADE THE _______ (DICTATOR) AND INVADE THE
COUNTRY OF THE _____ _____.COUNTRY OF THE _____ _____.
•ALSO KNOWN AS THE _____, _____ALSO KNOWN AS THE _____, _____
BritainBritain
StalinStalinSovietSoviet UnionUnion
USSRUSSR RussiaRussia
AXIS POWERAXIS POWER = AIMED AT KEEPING THE U.S. OUT OF THE WARAIMED AT KEEPING THE U.S. OUT OF THE WAR
GERMANY, ITALY, AND JAPAN JOINED FORCES. GERMANY, ITALY, AND JAPAN JOINED FORCES.
QUIZ CH 24 S 4
1. AGREEMENT BETWEEN SOVIET AND GERMANY NOT TO ATTACK EACH OTHER
2. PASSIVE AGREEMENT TO AVOID WAR
3. HITLER REMILITARIZED THIS AREA, DEEMED FORBIDDEN
4. LIGHTING WAR FOR GERMANY’S WEAPON
5. EXACT DATE WHEN WORLD WAR II STARTED
6. GERMAN’YS LAST DEMAND TERRITORY
7. LIST 3 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES THAT GERMANY INVADED AFTER WWII WAS DECLARED.
8. NAME ONE WEAPON THAT SAVED BRITAIN FROM GERMANY’S ATTACK
9. NAME THE COUNTRY THAT GERMANY AND SOVIET BOTH INVADED THAT LED TO WWII
10. LIST THE MEMBERS OF THE AXIS POWER
AMERICA SUPPORTS THE ALLIESAMERICA SUPPORTS THE ALLIES
• KEPT US IN KEPT US IN NEUTRALITYNEUTRALITY
• ““CASH – AND – CARRYCASH – AND – CARRY” ” = ALLOWED = ALLOWED COUNTRIES TO BUY COUNTRIES TO BUY U.S. ARMS SO LONG AS U.S. ARMS SO LONG AS ITS PAID FOR WITH ITS PAID FOR WITH CASH.CASH.
• FDR ARGUED IT WOULD HELP FRANCE & BRITAIN DEFEAT HITLER THEREBY KEEPING THE U.S. OUT OF WAR.
BUILDING U.S. DEFENSESBUILDING U.S. DEFENSES
• SELECTIVE SELECTIVE TRAINING AND TRAINING AND SERVICE ACTSERVICE ACT = = • FIRST PEACETIMEFIRST PEACETIMEMILITARY DRAFT.MILITARY DRAFT.
• 16 MILLION MEN (AGE: 21 – 16 MILLION MEN (AGE: 21 – 35) MEN WERE REGISTERED.35) MEN WERE REGISTERED.
• ROOSEVELT BREAKS THE 2- ROOSEVELT BREAKS THE 2- TERM PRESIDENTIAL TERM PRESIDENTIAL TRADITION, AND IS TRADITION, AND IS REELECTED.REELECTED.
LEND LEASE ACTLEND LEASE ACT (MAR. (MAR. 1941 )1941 )
= THE GREAT ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACYU.S. WOULD GIVE SUPPLIES TO “ANY COUNTRY U.S. WOULD GIVE SUPPLIES TO “ANY COUNTRY
WHOSE DEFENSE WAS VITAL TO THE U.S.”.WHOSE DEFENSE WAS VITAL TO THE U.S.”.• PROVIDED AID TO RUSSIAPROVIDED AID TO RUSSIA: “: “THE ENEMY OF MY ENEMY IS MY THE ENEMY OF MY ENEMY IS MY
FRIENDFRIEND”.”.• (JUNE, 1940).(JUNE, 1940).
• 500,000 RIFLES, 80,000 MACHINE GUNS, 50 OLD DESTROYERS FOR MILITARY 500,000 RIFLES, 80,000 MACHINE GUNS, 50 OLD DESTROYERS FOR MILITARY LEASES.LEASES.
• CONGRESS BOOSTED NATIONAL DEFENSE SPENDING.CONGRESS BOOSTED NATIONAL DEFENSE SPENDING.
•GERMAN GERMAN WOLF PACKWOLF PACK U- BOATS U- BOATS STATIONED IN THE STATIONED IN THE ATLANTIC AND OFF ATLANTIC AND OFF THE EAST COAST THE EAST COAST OF THE U.S.OF THE U.S.
• USED FRANCE AS A BASE TO USED FRANCE AS A BASE TO ATTACK ENEMY SHIPSATTACK ENEMY SHIPS
• FDR ORDERED FDR ORDERED CONVOY TO ATTACK CONVOY TO ATTACK U-BOATS IN SELF U-BOATS IN SELF DEFENSE (USING DEFENSE (USING SONAR)SONAR)
• ATTACK SUPPLY SHIPS, ATTACK SUPPLY SHIPS, TANKERS, FREIGHTERS, AND TANKERS, FREIGHTERS, AND ETC.ETC.
JAPAN TOOK FRENCH MILITARY BASES IN INDOCHINA
• US PASSED A TRADE EMBARGO = STOP TRADING WITH JAPAN (80% OF MATERIAL COMES FROM US)
• JAPAN 2 OPTIONS:
• TAKE ASIAN NATION BUT RISK US STARTING A WAR
• FIND A WAY TO CRIPPLE US SO JAPAN CAN TAKE ASIAN NATION
GuamGuam
Wake IslandWake Island
Midway IslandMidway Island
If you were If you were JapanJapan, where , where would you Attack the U.S.?would you Attack the U.S.?
ADMIRAL ISOROKU ADMIRAL ISOROKU YAMAMOTOYAMAMOTO
= JAPANESE GENERAL IN CHARGE OF = JAPANESE GENERAL IN CHARGE OF
NAVAL ATTACK STRATEGY IN THE PACIFIC.NAVAL ATTACK STRATEGY IN THE PACIFIC.
ATTACK ON PEARL HARBORATTACK ON PEARL HARBOR= = DEC. 7, 1941
“A DAY WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY”
~ JAPAN CONDUCTS A SURPRISE ATTACK ON THE U.S. PACIFIC FLEET AT PEARL HARBOR NAVAL BASE, OAHU HAWAII.
- 19 SHIPS / 150 PLANES DESTROYED.
- 2,500 ARMED FORCES AND CIVILIANS KILLED.
= = DEC. 7, 1941 DEC. 7, 1941 “A DAY WHICH WILL LIVE IN “A DAY WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY”INFAMY”
~ ~ JAPAN CONDUCTS A JAPAN CONDUCTS A SURPRISE ATTACK ON THE SURPRISE ATTACK ON THE U.S. PACIFIC FLEET AT U.S. PACIFIC FLEET AT PEARL HARBOR NAVAL PEARL HARBOR NAVAL BASE, BASE, OAHUOAHU HAWAII. HAWAII.
- .2,500 ARMED FORCES AND .2,500 ARMED FORCES AND CIVILIANS KILLED.CIVILIANS KILLED.
- 21 SHIPS DESTROYED21 SHIPS DESTROYED- 8 BATTLESHIP8 BATTLESHIP- 300 AIRCRAFT300 AIRCRAFT
US is now facing a two front war
If you were the If you were the U.SU.S, , Where would you go First?Where would you go First?
PacificAtlantic
EXPANDING THE MILITARYEXPANDING THE MILITARY• WOMEN’S AUXILIARY ARMY CORPSWOMEN’S AUXILIARY ARMY CORPS (WAAC) = = (WAAC) = =
WOMEN VOLUNTEERS IN NONCOMBAT WOMEN VOLUNTEERS IN NONCOMBAT
POSITIONS.POSITIONS.• NURSES, AMBULANCE DRIVERS, NURSES, AMBULANCE DRIVERS,
RADIO OPERATORS, PILOTS, ETC.RADIO OPERATORS, PILOTS, ETC.
““ROSIE THE RIVETERROSIE THE RIVETER””= CULTURAL ICON, REPRESENTING THE WOMEN WHO WORKED IN FACTORIES.
• INDUSTRY & LABORINDUSTRY & LABOR
• RATIONINGRATIONING = LIMITING CONSUMPTION OF = LIMITING CONSUMPTION OF GOODS NEEDED BY THE MILITARY.GOODS NEEDED BY THE MILITARY. (EX) MEAT, SHOES, SUGAR, COFFEE, AND GASOLINE.(EX) MEAT, SHOES, SUGAR, COFFEE, AND GASOLINE.
THE ALLIESTHE ALLIES==
1.1.GREAT BRITAINGREAT BRITAIN
2.2.THE SOVIET UNIONTHE SOVIET UNION
3.3.THE UNITED STATESTHE UNITED STATES
QUIZ CH 24 S 4
1. EXACT DATE WHEN PEARL HARBOR WAS ATTACKED
2. NAME THE PRESIDENT WHO WON A 3RD TERM FOR PRESIDENCY
3. NAME THE THREE COUNTRY THAT FORMED THE AXIS POWER
4. NAME THE ISLAND WHERE PEARL HARBOR IS LOCATED
5. NAME THE JAPANESE PERSON IN CHARGE OF PEARL HARBOR ATTACK
6. LIST 3 AREAS THAT JAPAN TOOK AFTER PEARL HARBOR
7. THE FIRST PEACETIME DRAFT WAS CALLED
8. POLICY THAT ALLOWED COUNTRY TO BUY AS LONG AS ITS PAID BY CASH
9. US POLICY PASSED TO STOP TRADING WITH JAPAN
10. GERMANS WEAPON OF U-BOATS BECAME KNOWN AS
• OBJECTIVES:
• STUDENT WILL ANALYZE THE MAJOR BATTLE THE PUSHED JAPAN BACK AND CRIPPLED THEIR NAVAL FLEET BY CREATING A TIMELINE AND WRITING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EACH BATTLE
• STUDENT WILL ANALYZE THE MAJOR BATTLES THAT LED TO GERMANY’S SURRENDER BY CREATING A TIMELINE AND WRITING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EACH BATTLE
• STUDENT WILL CITE SIGNIFICANT INDIVIDUAL ON THE TIMELINE THAT PLAYED A KEY MAJOR ROLE IN WINNING THE WAR WITH GERMANY
AgendaAgenda•Ch. 25, Sec. 1 Ch. 25, Sec. 1 ––Mobilizing for Mobilizing for DefenseDefense
•Ch.25, Sec. 2Ch.25, Sec. 2 – – Eastern Front and Eastern Front and the Mediterraneanthe Mediterranean
THE BATTLE OF THE ATLANTICTHE BATTLE OF THE ATLANTIC• WW2’S WW2’S LONGESTLONGEST
MILITARY MILITARY CAMPAIGN. CAMPAIGN. (SEPT 1939 (SEPT 1939 UNTIL WWII ENDS)UNTIL WWII ENDS)
• NAVAL WARFARE NAVAL WARFARE BETWEEN GERMAN BETWEEN GERMAN U-BOATS/ US U-BOATS/ US CONVOYSCONVOYS
• 1943- US LAUNCHED 1943- US LAUNCHED A CRASH SHIP A CRASH SHIP BUILDING BUILDING (140 LIBERTY (140 LIBERTY SHIP PRODUCED EACH SHIP PRODUCED EACH MONTH)MONTH)
• BEGAN TO BEGAN TO OUTNUMBER U-OUTNUMBER U-BOATSBOATS
• LIEUTENANT COLONEL DOOLITTLE – LEADS (16) U.S. LIEUTENANT COLONEL DOOLITTLE – LEADS (16) U.S. BOMBERS IN AN ATTACK ON TOKYO, JAPAN AND OTHER BOMBERS IN AN ATTACK ON TOKYO, JAPAN AND OTHER MAJOR CITIES.MAJOR CITIES.
• TO DESTROY THEIR INDUSTRIAL FACTORIESTO DESTROY THEIR INDUSTRIAL FACTORIES
Doolittle Air Raids (April 18, 1942)
1.1. BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEABATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA (MAY, 1942)(MAY, 1942)
• AIRCRAFT CARRIER BATTLEAIRCRAFT CARRIER BATTLE- ALL FIGHTING WAS - ALL FIGHTING WAS
DONE BY AIRDONE BY AIR
• TO STOP JAPAN ADVANCE TO TO STOP JAPAN ADVANCE TO AUSTRALIA.AUSTRALIA.
• TURNED BACK JAPAN INVASION
Coral Sea
(May, 1942)(May, 1942)Battle of the Coral SeaBattle of the Coral Sea
Australia
Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands
# 2. # 2. Battle of MidwayBattle of Midway
# 1
2. 2. THE BATTLE OF MIDWAYTHE BATTLE OF MIDWAY (JUNE, 1942)(JUNE, 1942)
• U.S. DIVE BOMBERS DESTROY ALL JAPANESE AIR CRAFT CARRIERS (332 PLANES, (332 PLANES, 2,000 SAILORS LOST).2,000 SAILORS LOST).
• JAPAN WAS STILL CAUGHT IN JAPAN WAS STILL CAUGHT IN THE CARRIER WHEN US BOMB THE CARRIER WHEN US BOMB THEIR PLANESTHEIR PLANES
• REVENGE FOR PEARL HARBOR (36 DIVE BOMBERS)
• CRIPPLED JAPANESE NAVY
19431943
Will the Will the AlliesAllies be just as be just as successful in Europe?successful in Europe?
Hoy!Hoy!Where do Where do we go!!!??we go!!!??
A little help A little help HERE! HERE!
Sheeeshhh….Sheeeshhh….
Open another Open another FRONTFRONT in in
Europe!Europe!RUSSIARUSSIA
BATTLE OF STALINGRADBATTLE OF STALINGRAD• STALIN BEGS ALLIES TO OPEN A 2ND STALIN BEGS ALLIES TO OPEN A 2ND
FRONT IN EUROPE.FRONT IN EUROPE.
• HITLER WANTS SOVIET’S HITLER WANTS SOVIET’S SPACE AND OIL FIELDS SPACE AND OIL FIELDS
• SOVIET WINTER PUSHES GERMAN SOVIET WINTER PUSHES GERMAN FIGHTING SOUTH.FIGHTING SOUTH.
• STALIN REFUSE TO HAVE GERMANY STALIN REFUSE TO HAVE GERMANY TAKE HIS CITYTAKE HIS CITY
• HITLER “NO RETREAT, NO HITLER “NO RETREAT, NO SURRENDER”SURRENDER”
• STALIN ORDER= SCORCHED STALIN ORDER= SCORCHED EARTH POLICYEARTH POLICY = BURN = BURN EVERYTHING TO THE EVERYTHING TO THE GROUNDGROUND
• THEN WINTER SETS: THEN WINTER SETS: GERMAN SOLDIERS FORCED GERMAN SOLDIERS FORCED TO SURRENDERTO SURRENDER
• OPERATION TORCHOPERATION TORCH = ALLIED INVASION OF NORTH = ALLIED INVASION OF NORTH AFRICAAFRICA
• TO OPEN ANOTHER FRONTTO OPEN ANOTHER FRONT
• TOOK N. AFRICA FROM GERMANYTOOK N. AFRICA FROM GERMANY
Germans
GermansGermans Germans
Allies
Allies
• DWIGHT D. EISENHOWERDWIGHT D. EISENHOWER = = U.S. GENERAL IN CHARGE OF THE ALLIES IN U.S. GENERAL IN CHARGE OF THE ALLIES IN NORTH AFRICA.NORTH AFRICA.
ITALIAN CAMPAIGNITALIAN CAMPAIGN (SUMMER, 1943) (SUMMER, 1943)
• ““THE SOFT UNDERBELLY”THE SOFT UNDERBELLY”• ALLIED FORCES CAPTUREALLIED FORCES CAPTURE SICILYSICILY..
• DICTATOR MUSSOLINI WAS KILLED BY HIS DICTATOR MUSSOLINI WAS KILLED BY HIS OWN PEOPLEOWN PEOPLE
• OPERATION OVERLORD- LIBERATE FRANCEOPERATION OVERLORD- LIBERATE FRANCE
• MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.
• D-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACKD-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACK
• THE 1THE 1STST STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. GATHERED 3 MILLION TROOPS, GATHERED 3 MILLION TROOPS, TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.
• OPERATION OVERLORD- LIBERATE FRANCEOPERATION OVERLORD- LIBERATE FRANCE
• MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.
• D-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACKD-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACK
• THE 1THE 1STST STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. GATHERED 3 GATHERED 3 MILLION TROOPS, TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.MILLION TROOPS, TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.
• MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.MASSIVE ALLIED INVASION OF NORMANDY, FRANCE.
• D-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACKD-DAY- (JUNE 6,1944) LARGEST LAND-SEA-AIR ATTACK
• THE 1THE 1STST STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. STEP TO FREEING WESTERN EUROPE. GATHERED 3 GATHERED 3 MILLION TROOPS, TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.MILLION TROOPS, TOGETHER WITH MOUNTAINS OF MILITARY SUPPLIES.
• BY SEPTEMBER 1944, THE ALLIES WOULD BY SEPTEMBER 1944, THE ALLIES WOULD
FREE FRANCE, BELGIUM, AND LUXEMBOURG.FREE FRANCE, BELGIUM, AND LUXEMBOURG.
• FDR GETS REELECTED FOR A 4TH TERM (DESIRE
NOT TO “CHANGE HORSES IN MIDSTREAM)
THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE (OCT 1944)
• = LAST- OFFENSIVE BY GERMAN FORCES LAST- OFFENSIVE BY GERMAN FORCES • TRYING TO BREAK ALLIED SUPPLY LINES, DROVE 60 TRYING TO BREAK ALLIED SUPPLY LINES, DROVE 60
MILES TO ALLIED TERRITORY CREATING A BULGEMILES TO ALLIED TERRITORY CREATING A BULGE
• LARGEST AND BLOODIEST BATTLE OF WWIILARGEST AND BLOODIEST BATTLE OF WWII
Allies
Allies
19441944
Russia
• Allied attack from the west; soviet from the east• Allied met at Berlin• Nazi retreated.
UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDERUNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER
•ADOLF HITLER WOULD COMMIT SUICIDE (APRIL, ADOLF HITLER WOULD COMMIT SUICIDE (APRIL, 1945).1945).
•V – E DAYV – E DAY = = MAY 8, 1945 CELEBRATES VICTORY IN EUROPE DAY.MAY 8, 1945 CELEBRATES VICTORY IN EUROPE DAY.
A NEW PRESIDENTA NEW PRESIDENT• WHILE POSING FOR A PORTRAIT (APRIL 12, 1945) WHILE POSING FOR A PORTRAIT (APRIL 12, 1945)
FDR SUFFERED A STROKE AND DIED.FDR SUFFERED A STROKE AND DIED.
•HARRY S. TRUMANHARRY S. TRUMAN BECOMES THE BECOMES THE
3333RDRD PRESIDENT. PRESIDENT.