U.S. History

Chapter 4: The English Colonies

Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience

ProtestantProtest

Background

King Henry VIII

Catherine of Aragon Anne Boleyn

Jane Seymour Anne of Cleves

Catherine Howard Catherine Parr

Puritans & Pilgrims

•Puritans—Protestant group that wanted to reform the Church of England

Puritans & Pilgrims

•Separatists—Protestant group that cut all ties with the Church of England & developed their own churches

•Pilgrims: a group of Separatists

Puritans & Pilgrims

• 1608: Pilgrims escape to Netherlands to freely practice religion

Puritans & Pilgrims

•Immigrants—people who leave their original country to live in another country

•Pilgrims unhappy in Netherlands

•Formed a joint-stock company & returned to England

The Founding of Plymouth

• Sept. 16, 1620: 100+ men, women, children leave England aboard Mayflower

• William Bradford: Pilgrim leader

William Bradford statue

The Founding of Plymouth

• Mayflower Compact written because colonists landed too far away from Virginia to be ruled by its government. Original Mayflower

Compact

The Founding of Plymouth

•Mayflower Compact—documents creating a new political society signed by the PilgrimsSigning the Mayflower

Compact

The Founding of Plymouth

•Pilgrims land in present-day Massachusetts in late 1620

Pilgrims & American Indians

• No Indian interaction for long time

• March 1621: Indian walks into Pilgrim community speaking English

• Introduces Pilgrims to Squanto

Samoset walking into Pilgrim community

Squanto

• 1605: Kidnapped by English explorers & taken to England

• 1614: Returned to New England

• 1615: Kidnapped & sold into slavery in Spain

• 1619: Returned home to find tribe wiped out by disease

Pilgrims & American Indians

•Squanto aided colonists by:

–Teaching colonists to use fertilizer

–Helping establish peace between the Pilgrims & Massasoit

Pilgrims & American Indians

•First Thanksgiving

The Pilgrim Community

•Poor conditions for farming & fur trapping

•Many families

•Family center of life

The Pilgrim Community

•Women had more rights in the Plymouth Colony than they had in England:

–Make Contracts–Own property–Bring cases before court

England

Netherlands

America