POLITICAL
DISTRIBUTED
BY
SEN.
ALEXANDER
WILE*
R.427
SENATE
OFFICE
BUIUDtN*
WASHINGTON
25,
D.
C.
Senate
Committee
be anticipated that the
Berlin and
many state-
ments, exchanges
tant documents on
and the press. These
Ber-
Edwin
Lang-
ley,
Occupation and
the
1945
11
German
Supreme
Authority
5, 1945
18
18
- 21
August
1,
of the
6,
Talks,
April
New
Kommandatura,
June
June
20,
1949
on Free
Elections, March
Berlin.
May
67
the Soviet
Control Commission,
69
Letter
Chairman
Democratic
the
GDR
Volkskamrner,
En-
10,
Psw
Ministry,
Regarding
German Peace
First Report of the United Nations Commission to Investigate Conditions
for
Commissioners
to
5,
1952
103
Communique
Germany
and
European
and
29,
February
1,
1954
120
Europe, February
1954.
123
Western European Union,
October
Treaty on the
European Security,
German Reunification,
Soviet Proposal:
Basic Principles
Existing
July
21,
1955
152
Powers to the
13,
1955
155
Reservations at
the Time
tember
Sovict-GDR
Agreements,
Paee
October
27,
1955
161
Western
Outline
of
Terms
Germany, October 1955..
Germany
and
State Dulles,
Statement at Geneva by Foreign Minister Molotov and Revised Soviet
Draft Treaty on Security
Free
1955 177
Soviet Proposal on Basic Principles of the Treaty Between the Existing
Groups of States in Europe, November
9, 1955
6,
by
Chancellor
Anniversary
16,
4,
Secretary of State, Transmitting
of Germany to the Soviet Union,
on German Reunification and
German
Reunification
to the
201
Communique*
Brentano and
pean
Security,
March
5,
State Dulles,
on German
Brentano)
cellor Adenauer, on German Reunification and Disarmament, May
28,
1957
lic
1957
212
Address
October
2,
1957
220
Statement
State Dulles, on German
can Ambassador
(Thompson), Proposing
Reunification
and
24,
1958
Meeting,
March
Reunification,
June
10,
November
Ministry
to
--——
Aspects of the
United States,
Transmitting a
State Dulles
Before House
American People, on
Geneva,
United States,
Corridor, April
Frankfurt^Berlm
Air Corridor,
Germany for
single
available,
be
found.
vol-
the
reader
should
of
the
Kingdom—
Germany
(New
York,
1950) ;
1950) ;
Dwight
1948) ;
Edward
R.
Stettinius,
dam,
and
the
European
27,
1952,
and the restoration of
Paris
Agreements,
September-October
State.
On
the Department
publications:
 For-
Government, July 18-23,
October
17-November
16,
1955
the
Kingdom
(dp
Bremen enclave
and
tiii>
southern
part
Yalta
Agreement
(infra)
 
the western frontier
of the Prussian
frontier
Czechoslovakian frontier,
frontier of
Thuringia meets
and
map
 A )
All
description
of
effect of
annexed
If
sheets
of
map
 5 )
The
the
jointly
three
parts
existed
three
zones
into
which
include
Com-
6. This Protocol has
and
Germany of
the Instru-
Governments of the
tlie Union of
occupation in Germany
meeting held on 12th September, 1944, with the exception of
the al-
zones of occupa-
Representative
of
the
Government
of
on the Euro-
l
AGREEMENT
:
—
protocol was further
annexed
west
the
south
along
the
United
Kingdom.
2.
In
paragraph 2
of the
map
 6 ')
The
territory of Germany situated to the south of a line com-
mencing
frontiers
eastern, northern, western and southern
frontiers
the River Rhine leaves the sout ern
frontier of
center
of
the point
this
by
States
of
America.
3.
The
description
of
ports
of
thereof as may be
his requirements
Kingdom
necessary to meet
Berlin
given
insert
the
following
words
6.
the sub-paragraph in paragraph 2 of the
above-mentioned Protocol beginning
The
above
United Kindom and
Commission at a
of the Government
on
many
in
King-
December
to
France
France
the supreme
Control Council will be
agreed decisions on the chief
military, political, economic and other questions affecting
Ger-
many
once in ten days;
any one of its
Control Council
golitical
adviser,
ontrol
Council.
meetings
of
ordinating
Committee
will,
the
Control
Council
and
decisions
of
(c) the
form measures in all three zones;
 
for
oy
appointed by their
Divisions may be
(b) At the head of each Division there
will be three
ordinating Committee.
will take part in
work
of
their
Division
include civilian as well
include
nationals
capacity.
ing of three
the Com-
the position of
(b) A Technical Staff,
the
three
Powers,
trolling
organs
(c)
operate under the
through
otherUnited Nations
Agreement
between
the
Governments
of
the
United
States
Republics has been pre-
and unanimously adopted by
Kingdom and the
their
Ad-
Crimea
(Yalta)
Conference,
February
11,
1945
1
[Extracts]
America and
supreme au-
dis-
armament,
demilitarisation
and security.
dismemberment
would be formed out
caused by her to
from Germany in three
tional wealth of Germany located on the territory of Ger-
many herself as
enter-
of
Germany.
b)
Annual
deliveries
of a
Soviet Socialist
Soviet
countries which
Soviet
take in its
the reparation in
and
the
Moscow
Repara-
to be
*******
UNITED
French
Republic
,f
 Treaties
and
This agreement amended the
the names of the
 four for  three
word
 zones .
vm.
In
 high-ranking officials and before the words  heads of each Di-
vision .
IX.
 heads of a
7(a) substitute  four for  three
before the word
In Article 7(b) substitute  four for  three before the word
 Powers .
XII.
In
public
to
vember,
Representative
of
to remain in
damage done to
kinds, armament,
prosecution of war in
will
carrying out of any further orders
issued by the Supreme Commander,
Allied
the Red Army.
and
applicable
to
whole.
German
up
of May,
and the Assump-
and Ger-
longer capable of
resisting the will
of the victorious
in Germany
requirements of the
order in Germany
called
the
 Allied
Representatives,
respective
Governments
effect
and the Pro-
1
unconditional
air authorities and
all forces under
United Nations on
er they may be situated, including land, air, anti-aircraft and
naval
forces
forces
of
auxiliary
organizations
equipped
(b) The personnel of the formations and units of all
the forces
the discretion of the
cerned,
directions
as
may be, will
frontiers
31st
December^
1937,
will
proceed
according
with
small
in Germany or German-
waters, military, naval
Germany
will
proceed
places
the Allied
submarine, auxiliary naval
 
the United
following articles
in the
possession of
such
times
both surface and
building;
research institutions, labora-
tories, testing stations,
produce or to facilitate
ferred to in sub-paragraphs (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v)
above
(b)
categories mentioned in paragraph
required
by
the
air.
All
means
of
and
down by them, all
the United Nations,
their persons and
clothing, shelter,
of
the
law
political belief.
(c) The
German authorities
resentatives
referred to in Article 2
(a), and,
land, sea
will
minefields and
and for the
the
scuttling of, or damage
industrial
and. all records and
by the Allied Representatives.
wireless
communications,
will cease transmis-
Germany or in German control or service or at German
disposal,
of any other country at war with any of the Allies,
will
be
subject
Article
11.
(a)
suspected of having committed, ordered or aoetted war crimes or
analogous
surrendered to the Allied
will
apply in the case of any national of any of the
United Nations who is
against
(c)
The
German
structions
given
and surrender
many
the Union
Allied
Governments
will
ment
and
demilitarisation
of
Germany,
as
they
such
of
this
Declaration.
All
German
conditionally
shall
instructions.
direct jointly
ments of unconditional
as
USA;
tain ; De Lattre de Tasslgny, GCnoral
d'Armee, French
of
of each
7. The administration
local German
of the
1945*
AGREEMENT
UNITED
Soviet Socialist
pursuant
to
the
1944,
between
the
zones
of Article 2 of
annexed map
r'.i=£S>
of September 12.
the southern
the
United
Kingdom.
on the an-
east of
north-
western
frontier
of
the
district
u
D
n
gium
Aachen
and
of
east and south
the northern,
frontier of the district
of
Kob-
lenz;
following
three .
8.
 four
three texts for
on
March
for
Germany.
Representatives of U.S.
Hungary.
Annex II—Use of Allied Property for Satellite Reparations or
 War Trophies .
BERLIN
CONFERENCE
August
2,
1945,
came
to
the
following
conclusions:
I.
Establishment
Ministers
agreement for the estab-
Ministers
 (2)
which
of
capitals
settlements
of
territorial
tasks the Council
invited
are under
time be
represented
thereon,
such
State
In other
cases, the
purposes named
in the
text would
agreement
of
the
Crimea
Soviet Socialist
Agreement
with satisfaction that the
for Ger-
and Austria and for
countries.
for
and
dissolved.
exercised, on instructions
Commanders-in-Chief of
armed forces
lic, each in his
uniformity
 
demilitarization of Ger-
many and the
production.
To
as
German
militarism
and
Nazism
implements of
ammunition and
(ii)
To
convince
the
German
people
that
they
themselves,
inevitable.
reconstruction
of
German
political
life
the
race, creed,
or political
5. War
of Nazi
other
6.
have been
hostile
semi-public office, and
moral
assisting in developing
elimi-
nate
to possible the
with
the
principles
and
directed towards the
(i) local
assembly
and
encouraged
throughout
Germany
(iii)
representative
principles in local self-government;
German
Government
shall
Secretaries, shall be
finance,
military security, free-
religious
shall
be
permitted.
B.
ECONOMIC
PRINCIPLES
types
of
aircraft
and
directly necessary
be
rigidly
to meet
needed
the
reparations
concerned
be
decentralized
concentration
established
(e) currency and banking,
German economy but
only to the
occupying forces and
many average
average
tries means
manner determined by
economy throughout
and of achieving
connected with
economic activities.
be required to the
any breakdown
themselves.
Any
(c) to maximize agricultural
of
housing
and
essential
utilities.
must be
provided to
Council
in
Germany.
be
appropriate
German
externa
assets.
2.
the United
Western Zones
and from
the
U.S.S.R.
from
industrial capital
for
coal, potash, zinc, timber,
(b) 10 percent
of such industrial
necessary for
the German
to the
Soviet Govern-
above
shall
be
months
delivery
as
five
industrial capital
Allied Commission on
ment is
to the fixing of the total amount of equipment subject
to
ment as will
delivery in
as to
Navy were
ing ships
a ship is able to go out on its first
trip,
of delivery
naval
commission
to
submit
agreed
recommendations
specific
German
warships
arising
which
shall
bo
to
those of ships under construction and repair, shall be completed
as soon
Jld46.
The
the
war
against
Japan.
The
United
Kingdom
war with Japan, a
September 1st,
be its
the basis of
the Soviet Government to
determination of
western frontier f the
shore of the
the
area
above
subject
to
British Prime Minister
the
discussions
which
have
been
proceeding
of these major
date. The
Poland reached at
north
National Council of
their
Poland should
German
territories
the Baltic sea immediately
the western Neisse to
placed under
be under the adminis-
Polish State and for such purposes should not be con-
sidered as part of the Soviet zone
of occupation in Germany.
humane manner.
would
increase
they
consider
that the Control Council in Germany should in the first
instance
of
occupation.
 
formed
of
further expulsions
cerned of the
on
directive
to
Germany informing
tion was
 war trophies should not fall
on Allied
property
connections.
the armistice
to restore
intact the
and their nationals.
occupying powers for the
Where
owned by
of
removals
substantial, the
must
cover reasonable
foreign currency
equal priority with reparations.
We deem it essential that the satellites not conclude treaties, agree-
ments or arrangements
terms, to their^trade, raw
materials
State
at
with
our
representa-
some
of
the
problems
confronting
us.
their proper
from which world
the well-being any
people will
After
that
forced into a second
disarmed
and
demilitarized
treaty
Allies
to
maintain
ties
of
It
is not in the interest of the German people or in the interest of
world
peace
that
Germany
military struggle
West.
as the Potsdam
that, as part of a combined
program of demilitarization
that Germany
average
European
western
the distribution
out
to
be
available
of
the
Germans
for repara-
tions from
current production.
industry fixed are
for
imposed on the
the
years.
again like
a
peacetime
economy
not
able
to
provide
the
German
by hard work and frugal living to
build up
to
the
tak-
has,
however,
been
to take
although that
too is
expressly required
by the
that Germany should
activity
not
its
unify the
willing
to
partici-
pate
them
do
war which the Nazi
But just because suffering and distress in Germany are
inevitable,
the
people a chance to solve some of their most urgent
economic problems.
concerned,
the
t
tion
of
paralysis is almost certain to develop unless there is a
common
finan-
A
program
debt
structure,
and
urgently required.
hard to develop
formly to all zones if ruinous
inflation is to prevented. central
agency
of
Twelve
months
Germany
war
she
Germany has been reduced. The
population
in
Silesia,
possible production of food
of
ment for
for
the
Ger-
man
_
 
her skills and
tier
order
to
import
and
resources
of
iron
When the
conditionally, there was
to
democratic way
ment and
occupation.
to the
life.
The
foreign
dictatorship
live in
It is the view of the American Government
that the Allies should,
now
be
permitted
preparations for setting
The
and
in
is
But
of course the question for us will be: What force is needed to
make
certain
that
it
did
treaty with the major powers to
enforce for 25 or even 40 years the demilitarization plan finally
agreed
of trained inspectors and
offender. If the German Government failed to comply then the
Allied nations would
take steps to
Government. Unfortunately
period. I want no misunderstanding.
We
will
not
is
will
provisional
American zone in developing
is
pos-
the provisional
government should
It
should
the four
Potsdam
Agreement.
federal
power
or
countries and
the peace
were fleeing
if they
the
long been
Germany.
States will
oppose
succumb to
peaceful Germany and
a free, peaceful
Rhineland,
as
may
will
not
Rhineland'
long before they were
The German
world
the
The American
willing
taking prompt steps
hardships
so
long
follow
the
way
Marshall on the
Moscow Conference
population,
of
great
area which
brink
of
Problems
which
our civilization can-
You
have
daily
activities
of
some
detail
probability, of
governments
to
hoped to reach agreement
of our
deputies in
the fundamental problems
adjustment of many other
understood, together
Europe in the coming
urgently needed
throughout Europe
the
mined and
Session of the Council was hold at Moscow from March
10
in
progress,
France
critical
issue.
All
neighboring
affected in various ways
of
ports
of
which
the build-
German
and
was
a
self-support-
centralization
of
the
future
and the
rights of
central
the
Hitler
German
self-supporting
demands
the
actual
terms
practically
with-
been little or
and
check
sities
for
efforts to secure a
American
to another
merger
Soviet
toward
carry
out
of
carry
out
that
agreement
was
designed
to
divert
future consequences
are involved.
it
affects
makes a tremendous
states who
some other basis for determining reparations should be adopted if
endless friction
They succeeded
in getting
to be rendered out
the Soviet
standing
have
much
the
same
view
We
believe
that
no
templated
and agreements
for
reparation
mean
delayed.
that Germany's
be
realized.
must
whole
to various
the repayment to them
German
pre-
sents
a
serious
disagreement
agreement
as
to
the
meaning
armies in the final
phase of the war,
of
the
Oder
River.
The
Soviet
armies,
prior
the peace settlement.
frontier between
thus leaving
only technical
east of the Curzon
perpetuation
of
the
of
we
with
entitled
to
her
are
look
toward
powers
at
war
with
confirmation
of
that all
should
and in the
whether
of
the
determination
of
the
treaty
terms
States Government
a year
ago. It
suitable
fear
of
sponsibility for their
of
were in
of amendments which would have
completely changed
the character
agreement. I was
was
following
a
course
calculated
to
delay
any
adhere to its present position
and
insist
to
its
one
basic
purpose
—to
Austrian
Treaty
points, out these
to
Yugoslavia.
But
to be hers
the
Austria and the
and his
force in
law
in
the
portion
of
Austrian
economy
would
ference,
it
was
agreed
the burdens of occupation.
established.
the
have estab-
be
principally
Such
a
the place of appeals
which varied
completely from
as
factually
known
real
intention
taken
to
the
proposals.
resolve
That is
the best that can be hoped for in the next few months.
It
with whom we
it proper to refer to a portion of a state-
ment made to me
a
achieved
and
view
he
cooperation
problems must
which
have
the
benefit,
publican
party
as
well
and in the processes
character of the
affairs was
foreign
policy
Washington was of
that reason that
meeting
of
the many lengthy
the
the
matter of
fact, one
a
comprehensive
agree-
we
action by the
this winter and
Europe. That
we failed
strong deter-
mination to
genuine workable
would immediately involve obstruc-
Council when it came
I shall review
at
which the Confer-
was
Ibid.,
pp.
25
to
December
10,
1947.
this order
remaining items
questions regarding immediate
should be item two on the agenda. As a result,
with the exception of
treaty, it was not
that
mechanisms for the
had even been
of a
economy.
Mr.
Molotov
refused
to
On
this
vital
matter
commissions to
Molotov refused
agree
It
was
Mr.
Molotov
insisted
that
been, I believe,
occupying
countries
to
suggest
and conditions created for
a reality. This
was
purpose
to
the
sole
true Ger-
Union was fully
been the stumbling
draft,
it
would
by the Soviet
final
session
of
the
Conference,
Mr.
Molotov
just
proposition.
of
was
whether
unified Germany.
of
German
sound currency for all Germany.
4.
Germany would
is, the
ing powers,
provisional
government
undertaken.
the benefit
to
explain
fer
machinery,
out
of
the
many and
made
in
other items
on which
example of this
States to
rather complete disintegration of that portion of Germany
occupied
by
ports of
Soviet Union has been
guise of
a gi-
that zone.
has resulted in a type of monopolistic stranglehold over the
eco-
nomic
and
political
at
way its hold
over the future economic
life of all Germany.
than by
Mr. Molotov's
concerning the
was
their
to read,
breath
we could make
settlement
but
only
an
do the
settlements for
Italy and
of those
of occupation
reach a
we encountered
such com-
proposal
the
true
Communist
Parties
situation
be
firmly
gained
in
the
26th
with
the
representatives
held
Strang.
The
except
those
dealing
with
administrative
matters
which
the Luxembourg
discussions will
be resumed
of reaching
at
the
mean-
of
more
reach quadripartite
agreement has
which
the
necessity
ticipation
of
a
democratic
Germany
ultimate
they are
and economic
of their eco-
nomic life. Since
western
powers
have
lished among
western
Germany
Programme
in
relation
to
western
tion
to
European
recovery.
obligations
as
occupying
last
and the
three Western
not
omission of any refer-
Department to indicate
With these considerations in mind,
Mr. Jessup, the U.S. Deputy
Representative
conversa-
Mr,
that
that
the
blockade
would
place.
The
information
in these informal contacts was immediately conveyed to the British
and French Governments.
form
the meeting
of the
lifted
of
them.
misunderstanding in
read
to
The purpose of this
points under discussion
the restrictions im-
the Three Powers
sure that these
two points were
Soviet
had
prevented
agreement
The
statement
ments
of
meeting
Council
clear
Government was
On April
that time and again
that
took
American press,
the way
until further exchanges
1949
x
Socialist Republics on
the Western zones will
United
States,
and trade
removed
ing
consider
questions
relating
ities.
(a)
Disarmament
(f) Respect
in German prisons
other
questions
(j)
Supervision
of
the
the freedom
such time as these
airlift and the
continuance of the
the
banking
and
supervision.
the
above. The
Occupation Au-
thorities, however,
whole
or
in
part
the
do so is essential
the
Authorities of their
prevailing
emergency,
notification to
the
Constitution, any
becoming effective.
it is inconsistent with
directive of the
unless
it
purposes
of
the
Occupation.
security,
arrest,
rights
to
have
a
Kommandatura or
of
amended
reserved subjects
will re-
Military
Govern-
and
In such cases, the
Military Government,
Berlin to
exercise increased
minimum.
4.
Constitution,
Allied
High
principles for the conduct
Occupying Forces,
unless two of the
not justify
further sus-
from an action
by less than
conformity with basic tri-
to the Allied High
case
shall
serve
to
for
a period not to exceed 21 days from the date of
the
from
an
action
of
appeal period.
Allied
of
to
minimum
con-
or
whenever,
in
the
the
Vyshinsky
May 23 to June 20, 1940. During this
meeting
Union
Union
1
German;/,
be convened next
achieve the
matters listed
and
the
eastern
upon should
exchange perti-
if
aims set forth, in the
preceding para-
improve and supplement this
in regard to transit,
tion
to
government
embracing
free
also
expressed
the
this
Ministers
conferences
Union like-
this
2.
Elections
a Ger-
Ger-
man
elections.
The
of
activity
and
the four
of
this
These
elections
task of
ratification.
the Four
Foreign
Minister,
United States Government's
called the Main
nary police
the resur-
Kingdom, and France
3. The purposes of occupation of
Germany by
which the
Representatives.
military propaganda and
on the part of the Ger-
man
ganization
initiated
to
which
are
de-
whether such
political,
other nature.
with
* * *
all
alive the
be
will
be
allowed.
The
British,
also parties
same principle.
They have,
verbal protestations,
credence among the free
peoples of the world
in
violation
actions the
Soviet Government
its promises and
intentions.
it has set
during
which
our
two
and
economic
of Ger-
man unification
an
all-German
Government
principles
set
forth
of
the
Federal
all-German
elections
inylor
on
behalf
of
40109—59 6
under
which
all-German
elections
and
be
willing
conducted via
the following
level of
the four
electoral
law
range
being.
be clear for the
drafting by the elected
in
the
establishment
make a copy of this letter
available
Letter from the American
on Free
a
Germany and would
for Germany, Documents on German
Unity, vol.
I, p.
Federal
Government.
This
four
with
by the
also enclose.
holding of
of
grave
matters
the Federal Government.
obstructing
under which these
the traditional requisites
son
neither
people can recognize them
man regime
either legitimacy
great
public
interest
shown
in
the
subject
Democratic Republic,
the
an
understanding
task of
restoring the
others the
All-German
Conference
in
nation-wide demand for
National
Assembly,
election procedure. The
form
discussed
preparations
the
and
associations
shall
freedom to
carry on
election propaganda.
ARTICLE 2
in print, by pictures or otherwise, shall be
guaranteed
throughout
Germany.
of
work
 
called
day
of
election
of election
mental
law lost his
in a
appear
invalid,
to be
National Assembly shall be de-
termined the All-German Conference. It
must be a Sunday
elect
tions.
elec-
tion
precinct
hampered
in
name
has
to the
 
up
residence
protest.
public inspection.
precinct in
of polling certificates may vote in any election precinct they
wish.
each other.
ARTICLE 24
The election
mitted
to
at least
500 voters
tion proposal
at
shall suffice in
the case of
clear
order
of
proposal
only
candidate's statement of
Election Committee
together with
of their
day
preceding
all
voters
identifying the voter.
list all the district
As far
of
the
results shall be
stamped
envelopes.
Absent
persons
may
they
otherwise
participate
in
the
polling
place
out
eyes
o
or an
votes
thus
obtained,
one
seat
allocated.
If
the
remainder
that a
latest
three
the
central
refuses to accept the election
or
drops
out
shall
on the election proposal.
the
provisions
of
Article
41
in accordance with the
the
provisions
seats
than
tions).
third Sunday or
ren-
ders
its
decision.
(2)
the
district
of
electors
used
in
be guaranteed
1
Germany-wide.
the
Central
Election
Committee.
Time
members of the
Assembly.
All-German
Affairs,
January
11,
1952
prerequisite for the
the practices of
and
adopted
an
electoral
which,
closely will not
attempt at spreading Com-
tender
persons.
Communist-controlled mass
will be composed equally
execution
of
section
of
Germany
Soviet
in the
hopes
of
that
* *
*
ing their
vote
to affix
proposal and
unwelcome
to
the
satellites. That is so
question of truly
cast
liisvotein
favor
of the Soviet Zone even leaves the door open for
the
reintroduction
of
with
Article
23,
election
proposals
bringing
about
 all-German
Powers
planned
 
one conference table.
friends
do
majority of our
United Nations Commis-
examine tne conditions existing for all-
German elections but which is also to work out proposals on which
the
down;
this
Federal
Republic
of
FOR
THE
HOLDING
OF
FREE
ERAL
LOWER
HOUSE
ON
FEBRUARY
6,
1952
Article
I
(I)
Free,
secret,
universal,
four Occupation Zones
conducted in accordance
with an Election
Procedure which is
section 1
their 20th.
on or before the day of election and providing they
are
must
an all-German election
for
All-Gorman
Affairs.
Jakob Kaiser, described
it os a  basis for a quasi-diplomatic demarche with the Occupying*
Powers
and
the
United
Allied
High
Commission
Vassily
I.
copies of the law, one of them for the Government
of
be
composed
not be permissible.
der
international
and
shall
authorities must
organs.
rights and freedoms
of the population arising from this Law. Every German has the
right
to
appeal
insofar
protection
and
control
of
the
election.
National
Assembly
and
The person
tion Court which is
subsequently be
Article
IV
(I)
The
is
necessary
comes into
original
end of
concluded.
With
the
aim
situation the
Four Powers
with
part
addresses
peace treaty with
a view to preparing in the nearest future an agreed
draft
understood
and France
the preparation of a draft peace treaty
the Soviet
the
Governments of the U.S.A., Great Britain and France the attached
draft
In
proposing
consideration
reply of
at the earli-
Governments
[Enclosure]
other
governments.
reply
with Ger-
the United
the follow-
States
of
America,
France,
Poland,
state,
thereby
an
possibility
of
development
occupying
powers
territory
of
Germany
the end that all persons under German jurisdiction without regard
to
doms
to
on the
territory of
other
all former
members of
borders
the Great
the
wol
regards trade
country.
(2)
equipment,
the
the limitations re-
The governments
with
the
Govern-
ments
has given the most careful
cons
ideration
to
the
which
proposed
Republic
and
Commission of
peace
this statement.
In its
several fundamental
For example, the United States
Government notes that
final determination of
Soviet Gov-
sea
forces,
while
at
the
freedom to enter into
policy of
prevent aggression, and
with the achievement
true
Commission
in
Conditions for
Free Elections
formal, before
the
headquarters.
that
authorities
in
Germany
Control Com-
to postpone further action
the texts
after their despatch
the Federal Republic of
Germany and in the Western Sectors of Berlin the wish of the Com-
to
discuss
with
necessary
work. The
could
be
Control
and
arrangements
March with
i
in UN
Ibid., pp.
appears
Commission was
common
they could
all cooperate
free,
united,
Soviet
Zone
of
Germany
on
in the Eastern Sector of
Berlin
letters
to
the
Allied
High
dates.
be able
to
at
the
Soviet
Conti'ol
Commission.
32.
to consider the
received
afford
the
mem-
bers
of
33.
Not
sion
for Ger-
many. In its second letter to General Chuikov dated 10 March,
the
appropriate
au-
thorities
in
the
The
Com-
many
and
by 12 noon of
Commission
forthcoming visit to
High Commission to
considered
text.
granted
sary, that the Commission
from
; and,
further,
from
immune
from
any
manner
of
punishment
the
wit-
of their
hmderanco
concerned that communications to
ner
authorities
on behalf
Commission
arrived
the
representative
the
memorandum
with
all
the
like to discuss
with the Allied
Allied
would be prepared
assurances it
on behalf of
his colleagues, stated
the Allied High Commission and that
he could forthwith give
the Allied High Commission would assist it in
every way
a
formal reply on these lines the
same day. At a meeting held on 10 March, the Commission took
note of
therewith.
High
Com-
mission,
up the
present Commission,
had shown its readiness to investigate whether conditions existed for
the holding of free elections throughout
Germany
enquiry
would
would
those investigations, and expressed the hope that the Commission
would achieve complete
success, and that
the pursuit of
German
unity
his reply
Federal Chancellor, after outlining the events that led to the
setting up
stated
that
the
German
occupying; Powers had all declared as their common objective the
bringing
into
many, essentially
by means
That was
of reference.
of
its
investigation
simultaneously
the
facilities
try
to
make
with
an
next step.
Government
it had requested, replied that, as soon as possible after
his
Government
had
Following
clarifications
to
Germany.
47.
of its arrival,
them also
an agreement
to the German
agreements
appeal should be
necessary,
General Chuikov's attention
to him dated
and
pointed
dependent
on
the
willingness
of
the
responsible
conclude similarly
between
in the Soviet
the Commis-
Chuikov for his infor-
submitted to
Berlin and the
necessary
arrangements
the view that this
report should, if possible, be submitted by the end of April.
The
make
to
facilitate
letter to
the Chairman
respectively, and pointed
Sector of
to
and that
view
of
the Commission stated that
the
time
to its regret, be obliged to at present there is
little
later
any
him.
59.
The
to 30 April to
April
the
Part III
60. The
conclusions.
It
decided
to
make
sary to enable
the
17 and 21 March
a
reply
trol
second
letter
letter. The
to enable it to
undertake its work and
to meet
Germany.
The
Commission
During
this
period,
it
was
able
to
ment of
Kingdom
and
United
510
before
a
betore
the
Western
Sectors
of
Berlin,
four
separate
occasions
to
appeal
of its duties, the Commis-
sion,
at-
task at such time as it is satisfied that the
German
will remain
to
implement
signatures are appended below,
the
the
Con-
ventions
between
which
have
been
signed
today,
the
reservation
Military Governors
Law will, owing
formally maintained
nonetheless conscious of the necessity for the Federal Republic to
1
Senate
Executives
Q
and
 
in the adoption
Federal
the Federal authorities
appropriate
particular
agree-
and
pay-
pation costs of the
be prepared
of their Berlin
such costs
of the ties
an improvement
in the
including
eral Republic
the maintenance
priate assistance
assistance
by the
Federal Republic,
measures
subject only to
exercise powers only in
filoyees.
or
n
the
course
with the Allied
However,
the
authorities to
maintaining
the
security
of
subject to
to
the
adoption
by
Berlin
under
May, 1949, as
United States of America
a
realization of Germany's
?revent the
aggressive mili-
and
the
will therefore lend
Atlantic Treaty
reciprocal
the United
threat to their
Atlantic
Treaty
area,
having
attack upon their
General
by
international commission
Germany,
genuinely free
elections throughout
1952
[30
necessary arrangements
undertake
resolution.
*ifiitf.,
(April 30, 1952)
itselr, to
30 April
parties concerned to
4. The present report, which supplements the first and is
in
a
sense
postscript
to
the Com-
a
with the direction
tivities
to
the
Com-
was required
its
further
elections in that
which
the
the
to go
attempt
increasingly
discharge
Assembly
by
the then existing position in
paragraphs
 While the Commission has been successful in carrying out its
preliminary
task
in
the
Federal
lish reciprocal contact with the authorities in the
Soviet
even
by
correspond-
ence. The Commission consequently has not thus far been able
to make with (he authorities concerned in
the
occasions
Germany
to
facilitate
it
in
fact
that
sub-paragraph
make
these
arrangements,
to
make
a
Commission, as
the disposal of
new
steps
may
lead
to
posi-
had to
report in order to
resolution 510(VI), the
of
of
Germany
with the Commission, an
of
well as
authorities in the
Federal Republic of
about a peace-
the
occupying
Powers
that had been
considered
that
ever time
the one
 
on the
submitted
its
first
certain obser-
derives its mandate
solely from the
General Assembly of
could see at
the near future.
USSR and
last
three-month
afford no
Soviet
July,
the
decided that,
able to
carry out
its task
preliminary period
of its
in the
Palais des
of
has left its
Governments, the Com-
it
and all the par-
as the
as
it can do so with a prospect of positive results.
14. The following
whose
signatures
the
25th
meeting
the
Palais
x
Secretary of State,
with
and
general and on
con-
flict.
They
were
4-5
9
increase
genuinely
occupied Zone of Germany and by releasing the hundreds of
thousands
of
German
at Bonn
and
partnership
with
West in strengthening the
that
an
early
agreementshould
not
to
bear
the
April 7
that  the
high levels
contribution to
It was noted
future
progress
in
that
treaty should
begin at
measure, the
two Gov-
restore to
requirements
force, the same
European countries.
mutual understanding
between their
is taking place.
interest in control-
world, the
and
two capitals
erly of German
France,
me that it might be helpful if I were to
write
the
final
communique.
It
of the Four Powers.
for me to share
sis
of
dared
also
that
many
years.
of greatest sign i ficance.
First, this eruption against
go into any
with
desperation.
1
Department
of
Policy,
1950-19SS,
vol.
I,
PP.
1468-1467).
empire of
oppression, their
farilung  workers'
the conduct
indicate
their yearning
For
the
free
17. This
the
latter
choose the degree to which it wishes to enter into
defensive and other
arrangements compatible with
still heavily
a
matter
easy,
any people
any ideas of military
But the peace we all so dearly seek cannot be
maintained
through
weakness.
Soviet Sector and
Czechoslovakia,
have
started
something
history
record
the
and
of
happiness.
Joint
German
Delegation of the
the
negotiations:
The
Chairman
of
the U.S.S.R., G. M.
Malen-
kov; the First Vice-Chairman of the Council of Ministers and Min-
ister of Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R., V. M.
Molotov: the Secre-
Communist Party of the Soviet
Union, N.
Ministers and Minister of Defense
of
U.S.S.R.,
I.
Mikoyan
the
Chairman
of
the U.S.S.R..
U.S.S.R., A.
President of the German
Deputy
Min-
Hans
Chairman
Bruno Leuschner;
the Chief
Na-
the
Chair-
Youth, Erich
Honecker; the
and
timely questions
situation that
holds no
must
the
provisional
all-German
direct agreement
task will oe to
united,
democratic,
Germany's
financial
political
and
economic
in the further
make
payments
in
the
Soviet
including
rubles
135
war from
for
those
guilty
of
and
humanity.
the
the
Ger-
man
negotiated peace
in the
and the
preparation of
force of the
throughout
elections must be
assure this freedom before, after, and during
the elections. Tno elec-
that
the
contain
provisions
the elections. These
1955
{infra).
9
supra.
central
body
with
Its
majority
vote.
(Hi)
Functions
strict
(2) METHOD
Germany
of
the
Four
report.
elections.
The
working
group
after
work.
II.
The
constitution.
elections which would
impair the conditions
of genuine freedom
been held. Recom-
Provisional all-German Authority
The national assembly
the
future
all-Ger-
also
Formation op an
possi-
ble
government
the negotiations
institutions
As soon as
in
the
ferred
two
former
shall
be
brought
to
an
end.
to
the national assembly and the all-
German government, only those of its rights which relate to the sta-
tioning of armed forces in Germany and the
protection of their secu-
the approval of
the
Four
Powers. Such decisions may not be disapproved except by a majority
vote
Signature and Entry Into Force of the Peace Treaty
The signatories to the treaty should include all states, or the succes-
sors
thereof,
which
Soviet Draft Peace Treaty with Germany, February
2,
1954
x
war with Germany,
and Germany still
con-
tinues
to be in a position of inequality in relation to other states.
is necessary
This
legitimate
national
interests.
reinforcement
1
Foreign
tS-Fcbruary 18,
195$, pp.
Potsdam
provisions
and
With Germany
Germany shall be
the coming into
the territory of
3. Democratic rights
rights and
tions
shall
be
 
in the
of a
1954
1
1. The Governments of France, the United Kingdom, the U.S.A.
and
the U.S.S.R. undertake to continue their efforts toward a satis-
factory solution of the German
problem in conformity
and also toward
withdrawn
many, with
subject to agreement among
that a threat to security in either part of Ger-
many should arise,
the U.S.S.R. into Eastern
and frontier defense
of
In
Western Germany, inspection
mentation of which
and
the
creation
lem in
shall
take
immediate
Europe. To this
an
appro-
priate
conference
of
States
follows
become
party
to
assume
the
obligations
many
the
united
German
and in
to
endanger
any
self-defense
or
of
connection with
shall be provided for
political com-
organ the terms of
of
the^
obligations
of
European
of Ger-
of
Germany
should
by the Soviet delegation, even as
a
Eastern Germany.
The three
German reunification in
meantime,
for
should
do all in their
*******
any fur-
renewal of the con-
solution f the
the
system
of
attitude of the
issued
describe a change in
Demo-
elections,
who, like
themselves, will
deter them from their determination to work for the reunification
of Germany
nation.
Declaration
addition
3,
have
and friendly
cooperation be-
special situation.
Accordingly, the
representatives in Berlin
Republic, President of the French Union,
Her Royal
the
of
the
United
Kingdom
of
Realms
and
Parties
to
17th,
1948,
hereinafter
referred
hand,
and
progressive integration
and the Italian Republic to
the
.
Final
His Excellency Dr. Konrad
and the Netherlands,
His
Excellency
Kingdom of
Territories,
Member
for Foreign Affairs.
Who, having exhibited
accede to
Protocol.
Union
Armaments and
Protocol on the Agency
be an
article
n
take
such
the
event
of
to
read :
lc
The
co-operation
provided
for
to in
Article VIII
Article
IV:
Contracting Parties
Them under the
propriate Military Authorities of NATO
for information
between Them and^
to
consider
matters
concerning
the
execution
of
Protocols and
their Annexes.
organised
shall establish
Armaments whose
functions are
order to
permit Them
to consult
threat
Protocols II, III and
will
it
by
Article IX:  The
make an Annual Report
Council of
ARTICLE
VI
Protocols listed
the Federal Republic of
has been
the
instrument of
Plenipotentiaries have
seals.
Done
in a single copy which shall remain deposited in the
archives of the
Germany:
[l.s.]
Adenauer.
WESTERN EUROPEAN
the French
President of the Fed-
Majesty
Queen of the
Brussels Treaty,
President
of
Minister of Foreign Affairs.
Germany.
Her
other
Realms
and
Territories,
M.C.,
which each of the
Supreme Allied
mainland
of
Europe
shall
number
of
formations
27, 1952; and
provided that the equiva-
lent fighting capacity and
any
of
maintains their right to do
so if
the
Republic
of
Germany
1 and
subject
to
the pres-
Union or in the North Atlantic
Treaty
Organisation.
1
and
inspections
carried
Europe. Such in-
ARTICLE
5
ganisation
functions
r
existing:
levels.
a strain
Signatories.
[l.s.]
Adenauer.
[1*8.]
ARMAMENTS
President
of
Her
Royal
Highness
the Queen of
Have appointed
Union
His
Excellency
Minister
Affairs.
of Foreign
Germany (made in
Annex I) in
in
Annex
brought
up
Western European Union.
agreement
Republic of
with the
cancellation of,
armaments
Atlantic Treaty Organisation,
submit a
or
Council of
Western European
Union passed
by a
armaments
referred
to
in
this
of
High Contracting
Parties concerned
the Council
list in
In
signed the
October 1954, in
in
[l.s.] Anthont
attached
list;
1
IV,
Brussels
applied
or
radio-
active
which
are
medical and
industrial research
shall
be
of paragraph (d)
launching
and subsequent modifi-
may
influences
which
deemed
definition.
(d)
Proximity
fuses,
and
(c)
speed or direction
by a
thereto. Combustion
is considered
as a
in working
11.
(c) jet
Republic, President
of the
of the Italian Republic,
His
Union
Republic
of
Germany
His
Excellency
Dr.
Konrad
Adenauer,
Luxembourg
Minister of
Foreign Affairs.
of Foreign
Her Majesty The Queen of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain
and
Northern
Ireland
pean Union (hereinafter
shall
a
Deputy
Union.
the disposal
for
re-
appointment.
He
1
and
Heads of
ARTICLE 4
1. The
by
decision
submit,
through
the
annual estimate of
code of
reveal
information
obtained
tasks
(a) to
of
the present
types
mentioned
in Annex IV to Protocol No. Ill held by each
member of
authorities;
visits
(other
than
appropriate
authorities
Organisation. In
the case
mainland of
production
ARTICLE
11
Inspections
routine character,
tests
the Council
process of law
and inspections the members of the
Agency shall be
and depots,
available to
co-operate in
Armaments
ARTICLE
13
European Union shall, in
furnish annually
currently held
defence
and
police
forces
Organization.
ARTICLE
14
As
with the
police forces, the
appropriate
by
be concluded
by the
strength
and
armaments
appropriate
the Council
if inspec-
reveals
infraction
and can be
remedied by prompt
will invite the mem-
explanation within a period to
bo determined
explanation is considered
majority vote.
artici^e
names and locations
mainland
mainland
of
Union shall keep the
If the level of stocks of any item subject to
control appears abnormal,
entitled to enquire into the orders for
export.
ARTICLE
23
The
America
and
Canada
Western
o the
and
Completing
Signatories.
States
of
under
the
thereof.
the
the
English
and
Federal
Republic
of
Germany,
4th April,
thatTreaty,
and
and has under-
taken upon its
from
Germany,
of the United
behalf of all
the Parties com-
the Federal Republic
of Germany shall
with the
of
the
United
States
of
and
(c)
all
Germany. The Government
inform
May 5, 1955.
Duly
Government
to
the
Governments
October
nineteen
hundred
and
make it
Europe
by
the
ratification
a threat
to the
United
hibition
of
atomic,
hydrogen
and
of the
Parties
to
the
of
the
immediately
shall be reported
agreements
whose
objects
conflict
uniting
the
ment of the
been deposited
of ratification
shall be
People's
Republic.
The
Treaty
ratification
ple's
Republic
twenty
Parties as do not at least one year before the
expira-
Treaty, it shall
a
General
this purpose,
be
Polish,
Czech
Security, German
18,
1955*
to
stretch
out
an age of prosperity such as
has
never
utterly destructive
are
engaged.
There
was
a
ing
was
have
to
pay.
We
of examples of this in
history.
Nothing
him
Neutrals
would
we
up a warn-
exist between us. It is in an
attempt
to
make
progress
with
are
What is
chief among them ? There can surely be no doubt of
the
answer.
The
unity
Germany
is
divided,
we have
pending our
failed a
Conference
the
free
elections
and
deciding
its
own
an
increased
argue whether
those fears
are justified.
These have
with
aspect we have all agreed to work
through the
Disarmament Commission
welcome the
emerged
between
need
is
to
make
and removing
will depend
inter-related
proposals
plan.
might, as it
over the continent
for
wider
of
assurances.
first
of t e victim
would be
about them
member country
should break
ments.
and
sary to
should have
of
be by our success
outline
of
will not
be disappointed.
40100—50
instead
obligations
set
peace-loving, democratic
the Treaty under
general provisions hereof.
—the U.S.S.R., the
France
accordance
with
Powers.
United Nations,
international peace
and security
Europe against
under
to the Treaty in
provi-
or
of
maintaining
7. The States-parties
broad
with
other
states
through
relations,
any
dis-
crimination
cooperation.
D.
In
order
to
implement
the
provisions
of
the
each State shall be represented by a
member
representative;
(b)
consultative
be
the
preparation
Treaty;
(c)
The
setting
bers of the United Nations Security Council for the maintenance
of
international peace and security, the States-parties to the Treaty shall
invite the
Government of
with
the
obligations
of
the
establishment
use
of
armed
between
case any
which
of
of
take any further steps
on the expiration of
the
Warsaw
Agreements
of
October
Treaty of ApriI4,
1949 shall become
Between the
Europe, July 21, 1955
BETWEEN
THE
EXISTING
strengthen
peace
tension and establishing confidence in relations
between
states,
America, France and
conclusion
member states
Union on
the one
Warsaw
maintenance of peace in Europe. Such
a treaty might
armed force against one another. This undertaking shall not infringe
upon the right of states
to
individual
or
collective
constitute a
threat to
3. This
Geneva
Directive
U.S.S.R. and the U.S.A., guided by
the desire to contribute
continue the
which an ex-
the close
that the
successful settlement
1. European Security and Germany.
For the
with
due
regard
Ministers are
security pact for Europe or for a part of Europe,
including
provi-
sions
for
an obligation not to
armaments;
which
the
disposition
agreement; and also to
the solution of this
German
settlement of the
free elections shall be
interests of
the German
people and
and lessening the
Recognizing
terial
resources
development
of
Heads
(3)
to
propose
Sub-Committee be
ceedings
the
views
and
in
the
field
Nations,
which
tween people
and (b)
as
are
Geneva
during
to determine the organisation of their
work.
Government
delegation
of the Council
Bulganin,
the Soviet Union; (Vyacheslav
Council
of
delegation
; Minister
of
Foreign
the Office
Glebke; Chairman
dent
Committee of the Bundes-
Blankenhorn;
Ambassador
mutual un-
derstanding, there
of views
between
end, of embassies
tions
state.
Council of Ministers
Chancellor
letters,
should shortly
in
relations
representatives
of mutual understanding and
1
Department of State flies. An analogous letter was sent by Chancellor Adenauer to
Premier
Bulsanln.
that
between
the
will
contribute
to
democratic
the establishment
Federal Republic
Soviet of the U.S.S.R.
of
establishment of diplomatic
Government
1. The establishment of the diplomatic
relations
Germany
the legal
point of view of the Federal Government regarding its powers
to
which
for a
development of
tween
the
GDR and the USSR on the basis of equality, mutual respect
of the sovereignty
into
concerted efforts of
consolidation
unity
amtCK
der
Bundesreffiernng,
Sondcroutstrabo,
Bonn,
 
the
Treaty and
have ap-
of the German
Grotewohl
form,
have
agreed
upon
relations between
them are
mutual respect of
affairs.
Republic, as
The contracting parties declare their readiness to
take part in a
actions, the aim
For this purpose, they will consult each other about all
important
aim not
and the
Union of
grant all
scientific-technical
cooperation.
The
Soviet
German Democratic Republic, in
national agreements, remain temporarily in the German Democratic
Republic with the approval of the Governments of the German
Demo-
cratic
Republic
additional
agreement
between
the
Government
social-political life
ofthe country.
it is their main
of Germany by
restoration f the
basis.
the
Berlin,
territory.
shipping of the
German Federal Re-
West
Berlin,
which
In accordance
material of the garrisons of
France, England, and the United States
stationed
garrison material
of the
empty roll-
ing stock
and
Berlin-Frankfurt-Main.
Statement
States, the
an analogous letter to Dr. Bolz.
'Department
of
these
obligations.
reaffirm
German
Government
German
regime
state in
in the
2955
l
agreement
wishes
to
Marshal
Bulganin
The three Governments declare
obligations
or
Three
Powers
September 1 55 can-
concerning transportation
Union of Soviet
following
On
Soviet
Union
delivered similar
18, see
27, see
into
internal af-
Republic,
decision on
of
powers
of occupation of Germany.
about
on
the
the
The Government
obligations
which
it
assumed
Democratic Republic
that the German Democratic Republic
exercises its jurisdiction on
of
course,
As for control over the movement between the German Federal
Republic and West
of gar-
West
command
obligations which both
of the U.S.S.R. has the honor to send the
Embassy
for
ments connected therewith.
on the
Soviet-GDR Agreements,
Govern-
ment
of
the
accept
the
al-
legation
the German
in
order
the whole of Germany
of the German people
is
sion
of
the
elections,
1956.
and
insecurity
as
well
as
grave
injustice.
France,
the discussion
rend out by
and the
1904 (supra) were
attached to the
proposals
put
forward
At the
reunified
Atlantic Treaty Organ-
the security not only
evident
Soviet refusal to
Kingdom and the
the concern expressed
refrain from the use of force and to withhold aid
from an aggressor,
into force only
would be carried out
Plan. The
France, the United Kingdom and the United States of
America
are
an agreement satisfactory
provide
a
system
of
con-
vital
for
even wider problems.
Eden Plan,
military or
the
aggression
to
the
attention
of
such measures
international
size and
depth and
establish a military
help
to
relieve
the
burden
to the
surveillance system
on both
protection against surprise
zone
operated
by
theNATO
notliing
in
progressively
at
security
For the purpose
in
ensur-
ing
collective
the formation
which gives rise to friction and strained relations among
nations
and
aggravates
the
German
ful and democratic
General
follows
1. All European states, irrespective of their social systems, and the
United States
the German Federal
the Treaty, enjoying equal
unification of
the Treaty
under the
in
Europe
shall
not
affect the competence of the four powers—the U.S.S.K., the
U.S.A.,
the United Kingdom and France—to deal with the German
problem,
which
shall
course to the threat or use of force
in
means and in such
peace
and
State-party
to
the
Treaty,
there
is a threat of an armed attack in Europe against one or more of the
States-parties
order
security
in
Europe.
State or
an attack
an
attack,
attacked
security in Europe.
to discuss
which
assist-
parties to the Treaty
immediately inform
the
right
of
7. The
States-parties to
the Treaty
a
broad
economic
relations
basis
excluding
with the task of ensuring security in Europe, the fol-
lowing
or by some
mittee
recommendations
mem-
the Treaty
shall invite
Treaty
11. The
obligations
of
the present Treaty.
of t e implementation
of
the
present
obligations
as-
sumed
At the
ments which provide
and shall settle by
treaties, and
Europe.
of foreign troops from the territories of European countries, the
States-parties to the Treaty
of other
of an agreed time-limit from the entry into force of
the present
May
4,
Dulles,
are shared by the United
States,
together
with
the observations
that were
by Mr. Molotov, and, in the first instance, to the
condemnation of
which
associations.
pass without
together to
danger,
or
consider to be a sense of
common destiny.
nations.
inherent right of nations
why is
It is
are a cause
of increased military
countries our mili-
things happened
of
that
thought
which
otherwise
consolidate
peace.
We
have
come
these two
the solution of whicli would serve the interests of consolidat-
ing
Pinay, the
put
ence, and the new
with the reunification of Germany.
The Eden Plan is, as T say, one
with
which
we
seek
a
 settlement
of
the
elections
carried
people.
The
possibility that
resort to force,
to an aggres-
tween
line of
a treaty
we were instructed to
under-
takings
of
the
constitute an extremely
serious and far-reaching
geographical
ever, something
would
contribution
to
bring
about
for all which would come with the reunification of Germany.
I
he
would
the
effect
that
NATO
and
tions.
m
Dealing
with
Eden
Zone of Germany.
is nothing
Germany
will
be
free
posals is in any
which
way of in-
con-
fident
that
with
no
joins the
the
that
has
been
available,
at least
proposals of the Soviet
the
of
European
security.
The proposal of the Soviet Delegation, so far as I can see, is
in no
with-
out
of
Germany.
Soviet Delegation to believe that
the
treaty
conditions
which
in
terms
of associations, there
which we
again become
a militaristic
proper one at this
now
on.
polemics, and to
proposals
those
questions which Mr.
Molotov has put,
either yesterday or
today, have been
ques-
tion
give effect to that
to
make
would
be
opinion
between
us
as
European security and
no difference
There are, one might
side of which is
show us the other side of
its coin, the one that has the
pattern of German
made clear, German reunification
the
foundation
Germany, then
can be developed
premise it is
permissible to proceed.
on the establishment of
well as
on the
of security in
wish, to
ensuring stable
Government
instruct
also
take
into
account
parties
the Warsaw
the
Yugoslavia and
Europe. In our opinion, the major obligations assumed by these
statesshould
a) To to use armed force against one another and
to settle any dispute
means;
mutual
assistance,
including
military
assistance,
to
the
treaty
connection
 a and
may be
found necessary
and
agreements
saw
Treaty)
on them
on
treaty
and agreements.
conclusion
of
the
states
parties
to
it
assumed
treaty.
The
to
individual
collective
self-defence
provided
should
not
be
prejudiced
by
states
not help
group of
another
when-
threat
of the States-parties to the
Treaty, in order to take effective steps to remove any
such threat.
whenever
agreed
the
event
Article
5
special
above-mentioned
con-
as
may
be
found
by the
Article
7
shall not
the
as provided
Article 8
until replaced by
curity
which
problem
of
ensuring
that
Heads
of
Prime Min-
expediency
is
Bulgamn of the
Government
mutual agreement. This
between
made by Mr.
then obviously we
 
made of a
try
to
recon-
cile
our
approach Mr. Eden's
of Government of
an agreement
on the
2. The agreement on the zone shall
envisage the
armaments and
respective agreement
shall be
in
accordance
with
their
sovereign
rights.
4.
forces
understanding on this
region in
express the
already indicated,
will
port-ant
 
interests of the German
United Kingdom
people are deprived
of the possibility of living in a united state, the need
to
which would
Germany's national
met by
dation 01
could
representatives of the parliaments
consultative body
up
Federal
Republic,
between the
numerical
strength,
armaments,
and
disposition
of
the Ger-
man Democratic
4. The
relating to the participation
con-
solidate
European
for
The Foreign
Kingdom
efforts
to
achieve
agreement
by Free
United
the
Federal
Kingdom and the U.S.
conformity
with
U.K., the U.S.S.R.,
throughout Germany
designate a representative
experts,
the
electoral
law
1956.
Soviet
Proposal
November
9,
1955
2
peace
of a treaty
the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization and the Western European Union on the one hand, and
the parties
spring. Until
then Soviet
television.
like to sit
response was
vite
and harshness which
could generate war.
ment and
the
free
world.
The
sion
Following
with
and freer
to
security.
Our
possible
approaches
Union appears to
willing
say pay the price, I
do
not
refer
Let me illustrate what
I mean by telling
But the
Both sides showed
unwilling
arm unless we can be sure that both sides are
carrying out the
not be
its desire
make that
exchange
of
the fear of
President Eisenhower
although they did
recognize for the
which we
continued
fur-
Nations Subcommittee
on Disarmament.
would
society, which is still largely based on secretiveness. So the
Soviet
safe-
was
Western
nature.
information, and
news. All
technical
knowhow
from
enable the
and
knowledge
after
a
Geneva we tried to
States
or
agreements with the
would
showed their confidence
agreements
so-called  spirit
of Geneva ?
 spirit of Geneva . Some felt that the spirit of
Geneva was
of
the
great
con-
stantly
Eisenhower, before he
beginning and
And after he returned
he told the American people that the acid test of the Summit
Confer-
would
relations
with
shown
world
refusing
to
negotiate
for
survives.
(2)
be open
war between
Foreign
their God-given capacity
accordance
with
We shall not cease to
pur-
sue
these
continue
go
on.
The
spirit
of
Moreover,
continue its
entail all the
same hostility and
the basis
Conference.
their
smiles
main
gotiation
it wants
couragement merely
oecause our
not always immediately accepted by the
other
side . And he pointed to the difficulty of bridging the
and
deep
gulf
between
concept
of
man
as
That does not
The
legitimate interest
will
sought
realists.
once they
apparent
to
the
Soviet
we
local and temporary advan-
that the
why
continuation
indispensable
It
the
NATO
the
Foreign
Europe. This
must come from
I went to Spain, Italy and
Yugoslavia. In each place I
had a full
international scene. The result
Minister, Mr. Pinny, and myself. We
also worked closely with the
representatives
national policies. That evaluation
and durable peace
said
ties in the Soviet Sector of Berlin.
These
activities
stration on January 15.
and
Government
the population
and result
in a
Govern-
States, in common with the United
Kingdom
The
of
responsibility
by
public is
the
attach great
threats
directed
of
and combat materiel
U.S.S.R. state budget,
other combat
the territory of
not solve
Govern-
States, England, and
German territory,
this would undoubtedly prepare
time we have in mind that
such measures
powers could later lead
sharp
Germany or the withdrawal of foreign
armed forces from
13, 1956
views between
the Chancellor
problems confronting their governments
Foremost among
Soviet Union,
ment
pp.
301-305).
the  West and
to promote the
reunification of Ger-
many in freedom.
received
similar
desirability of
has professed a
co-existence
endeavoring
to
impose
Geneva
Kingdom, the
USSR and
Germany,
and
take place by
the interest of
place credence
The Chancellor
and the
reunification of
Organization,
major
this regard under the
recent
Venice meeting regard-
ing new steps
com-
mon
organization
this
field.
in the creation
a
noted
with
satisfaction
the
continued
the
question
of
war-vested
German assets in the United States. The Secretary of State ex-
pressed the hope that there would be early United States
legislative
action
Republic
on a
on
the
surely come
States
from the German
on
be no
permanent security
as
right
to
freedom
you
 
[of June
greatly
disturbed
from your side
which seem to
imply that your
how we can work
September
2,
1956
8
The
Heads
of
of America,
unfortunately proved impos-
without any progress
call
the
at-
tention
of
America to
incumbent on
reestablishment
of
Germany's
unity
as
adequately discharged
of
6, 1058
Krekeler
handed
notes
(infra).
Secretary
should
be
determined
by
said in his
end-
ing
to the Soviet
to
serious desire
means
another
conference
be
con-
vened
at
the
the Government
been engaged in an
themselves
call
to
mind
The agree-
its
conviction
Europe.
the
establishment
and
and
solve the main
same date, the
In the spirit of
of
quickly
be
accomplished
those
primarily
on various occasions
two
German
states
therefore
proposed
which initially two
tne Soviet
Government itself
which, only
the German
task which brooked no delay (note addressed by the Soviet
Govern-
ment
to
The
whole
of
the
and the
reasons which
in
fact,
the United
was abnor-
mal that
its note of 9 April 1952, to the Governments of
France, the United
Government even men-
of
hostilities in Europe.
The Federal Govern-
the
Soviet
Government
that any
peace
and
to
majority
ot
the
other
countries
existence
of
two
German
States,
seems
to
the
Federal
when
cessation of hos-
to maintain Germany
have repeatedly admitted
Government, addressed
to their
Federal Government,
as seems evident
Soviet
Government.
The
Federal
Government
is
aware
the fact
own
national
forces
and
that the Soviet
erroneous
premises
and assumptions and is unable to give up the hope of
convincing the
fallacy such
the Federal Republic
the Soviet Government in regard to its own security or
the security
of Germany's eastern neighbors. It is one of the irrefutable
pre-
rogatives
of
individual
and
collective
every
state
in
Germany should be
and
air) necessary for the defense of the country. The strength of
the forces that the
other
service
a
serv-
ice
which
only
her
by the Federal
Government to the question of disarmament. It takes an active in-
terest in a general
foremost
from
Adenauer, said
in Moscow
on 9
ing
particular suffered during the last war, and I therefore believe
that
if
tion
which
factories, of the devastation of town
and' countryside, has left its
indelible
put
possibilities of destruction into the hand of man, the. mere
thought of
us
to
the
highest
degree
will therefore find nobody in
Germany—not only among responsible political leaders but also in the entire
population
—who
even
that any one
solved by
own dreadfulness—that
it
own
forces.
after the
aspects and argued,
this world, general disarmament
expe-
rience
conflicts which may
has
own
forces
is
not
the basis that
level,
while
a
com-
nized in
with the
European
Union
it must be
side in
 
the area of
in
insuring
that
no
aims takes
may count on the
repeated that, after
international order
understandable. The
for its
have
Germany
appropriate
was stilted in point 3 of
the joint draft
event
of
to the
Hue of
military forces and
there has
earnesttly desires to take
by the policy
the reunification of Ger-
the problem of a
disappointing to
the discussion
submitted whose further
favor of a
European security system
all members of
mutual relations. In a security
system
of
an
aggressor
tem.
favor
of
security treaty^ for the
member
Germany, there is nothing
submitted
to
the
Geneva
11)
The
treaty
on
col-
however,
Federal Government
two German States is
four
Heads
of
Government
European security,
treatment of both ques-
have
often
after all, be
satisfy
indirectly
participating.
The
Federal
Government
therefore
German State, namely
how the
reunification of
Chairman of the
the Paris agree-
ments of 23
October 1954, had
some time and
Powers in
Mr. Molotov
holding free
all-German elec-
tions was
to the
winning the confidence
over-
whelming
Govern-
ment
June
events.
On
to
pour,
the Zone,
violation
DDR [German
Democratic Republic].
It would
reestablish the
to impose
 quotas