u.s. department of the interior u.s. geological survey lisa fogarty, paul seelbach, bo bunnell,...
TRANSCRIPT
U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
Conceptual Framework Coastal/Nearshore
EcosystemsLisa Fogarty, Paul Seelbach, Bo Bunnell,
Sheridan Haack, and Mark Rogers
Holistic, systems level approach to ecosystem management
Unify ideas and language among Great Lakes manager and scientists
Tool that assists Great Lakes programs assess the state of the ecosystem, science needs, and management strategies
Linking Science Across Habitats
Lake Ecosystem is a system of multidiscipline processes that operate within and across different
geographic areas
INTERACTION
Identifying an Issue and Key Processes
Primary ecosystem disciplines
Open lake Coastal/nearshore Watershed
Societal Key processes Key processes Key processes
Biological Key processes Key processes Key processes
Geomorphic Key processes Key processes Key processes
Hydrologic Key processes Key processes Key processes
Identify Issue or Topic Can We Swim in the Water?
Waterborne IllnessesMost waterborne illnesses are
due to microorganism Use fecal indicators to indicate
health risk
Algae/CladophoraNuisance issue, aestheticsCan harbor pathogensCan produce toxins
Hydrologic Processes
Open Lake Coastal/Nearshore WatershedHydrological (Fate and transport of fecal indicator bacteria and pathogens)
Seiche Currents that drive contaminant dispersion and deposition
Tributary flow regime driving instream dispersal.
Large-scale currents that drive contaminant dispersion and deposition
Persistence within the system due to physical and chemical properties determining contaminant half-lives
Groundwater flow paths.
Seasonal lake mixing that drives contaminant resuspension from sediments
Differential transport and persistence of different microbes
Differential transport and persistence of different microbes.
Dispersion and physical Processing
Overland flow, infliltration, and associated contaminant transport to surface and groundwater systems
Lake/groundwater interaction
Anthropogenic Hydrologic Processes
Open Lake Coastal/Nearshore WatershedAnthropogenic Modified coastal hydrology Modified hydrology (drains,
wetland removal, impervious surfaces)
Point-source runoff from industrial land use; infrequent accidental loadings
Point-source runoff from industrial land use; infrequent accidental loadings
Nonpoint runoff from local urban and agricultural landscapes
Nonpoint runoff from local urban and agricultural landscapes.
Impervious surfaces in beach catchment
Contaminated nearshore groundwater
Geomorphic ProcessOpen Lake Coastal/Nearshore Watershed
Geomorphic (Retention of contaminants)
Topography and hydraulics of lowest river valley segment, embayment, and coastline
influencing contaminant retention and exchange with open lake
Watershed substrate.
Substrate adherence and leaching from substrate
Watershed area and slope.
Coastal sediment dynamics driving erosion, transport, and deposition of contaminants within nearshore-
coastal habitats
Groundwater hydrogeology.
Sediment dynamics.Anthropogenic Substrate adherence and leaching
from substrateAltered sediment dynamics.
Channelization and artifical reservoirs that modifies
contaminant deposition versus dispersal to nearshore-coastal
and offshore zones.
Enhanced erosion
Biologic Processes Open lake Coastal/Nearshore Watershed
Biological (Source and behavior of fecal indicator bacteria and pathogens)
Natural sources, such as birds and wildlife
Natural sources, such as birds and wildlife.
Survival and naturalization of fecal indicator bacteria and pathogens
Survival, refugia, and naturalization of feccal indicator bacteria and pathogens.
Cladophora growth and decay Anthropogenic Boat and ship waste
dumpingStorm drains that deliver biological contaminants
Manure application and runoff into nearby waters.
Shoreline septic systems that deliver biological contaminants
Failing or leaking municipal sanitary waste systems, combined sewer overflows, and sanitary sewer overflows.
Human bathing as a source of pathogens or fecal indicator bacteria or bathing activities that result in release of bacteria into the system
Wastewater treatment plant effluent discharges.
Key Process
Science Knowledge
Data Collection
Spatial Significance
Temporal Significance
GAPS
GAPS
GAPS
GAPS
Summary
1. Recognition of an Issue
2. Identify Key Biologic, Hydrologic, Geomorphic, and Societal Processes associated with the Open-lake, Nearshore, Watershed
3. GAP analysis
4. Design Monitoring to fill those gaps
Future Direction
Determine key Nearshore Issues that need to be addressed.
How to frame the tables into something usable?
How to organize a group of the right people to identify key processes and GAP analysis?
A Conceptual Framework for Lake MichiganCoastal/Nearshore Ecosystems, With Application to LakeMichigan Lakewide Management Plan (LaMP) Objectives
Open-File Report 2013–1138
U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey